t: 


\ 


/k 


1 


IF 


V1 


f-     • 


. 


f 


\  u\t  "  /  "  t- 


u 


• 


D  R5 , 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE 


IN  THE 


GREAT  REBELLION. 


CONTAINING 


HISTORIES  OF  THE  SEVERAL  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  REGIMENTS, 

AND  BIOGRAPHICAL  NOTICES  OF  MANY  OF  THE 

PROMINENT  ACTORS 


THE 


CIVIL   WAR   OF    1861-65. 


BY  MAJOR  OTIS  F.  R.  WAITE, 
4UTHOB  or  "YERMONT  IN  THE  GREAT  REBELLION,"  "CLAREMONT  WAR  HISTORY,"  ito. 


CLAREMONT,  N.  H.: 

PUBLISHED    BY   TRACY,   CHASE   A  COMPANY. 

1870. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1870,  bj 

OTIS    F.    R.    WAITE, 
In  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  the  District  of  New  Hampshire, 


Stereotyped,  Printed  and  Bound  at  the  Book  Establishment  of 
THB  CLARKMONT  MANUFACTURING  COMPAHT. 


TO 

THE   PEOPLE   OF   NEW    HAMPSHIRE, 


AND   HER 

SURVIVING  'MILITARY  HEROES 


WHO  FOUGHT  IN  THE  GREAT  NATIONAL  CONFLICT, 

1861-63, 

THIS  300K  IS  REVERENTLY  INSCRIBED 
BY  THE  AUTHOR. 


MI8S320 


ILLUSTRATIONS. 


PAOX. 

1.  GOVERNOR  ICHABOD  GOODWIN,  Frontspiece. 

2.  NATHANIEL  S.  BERRY, 92 

3.  "  FREDERICK  SMYTH 582 

4.  GENERAL  SIMON  G.  GRIFFIN, 306 

5.  •'         JOHN  BEDEL 182 

6.  "         NATT  HEAD 600 

7.  "         SAMUEL  A.  DUNC?AN 505 

8.  "         JOSEPH  C.  ABBOTT 348 

9.  "         AARON  F.  STEVENS 483 

10.  COLONEL  ENOCH  Q.  FELLOWS 402 

11.  "         EDWARD  E.  CROSS, 262 

12.  BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG, , 152 

13.  CHARGE  AT  FREDERICKSBURG, 282 

14.  THE  SHARPSHOOTER...  ,..566 


PREFACE. 


IF  New  Hampshire  did  not  do  as  much  toward  the  suppression  of  the  late 
Great  Rebellion  as  any  of  her  sister  States,  it  was  because  she  is  circumscribed 
in  territorial  limits  and  has  a  smaller  population  and  less  wealth  than  some 
of  the  others,  and  not  for  want  of  fidelity  to  the  Union  or  loyalty  to  the  Gen 
eral  Government.  What  she  had  was  freely  placed  upon  the  altar  of  her 
country.  When  the  national  flag  on  the  ramparts  of  Sumter  was  ruthlessly 
assailed  by  traitors  and  the  President  called  upon  the  State  for  aid  to  protect 
the  honor,  the  rights  and  property  of  the  government  from  rebels  in  arms 
against  them,  she  acted  promptly,  energetically,  patriotically.  Bank  vaults 
and  private  coffers  were  thrown  wide  open  and  their  contents  placed  at  the 
service  of  the  State  authorities  ;  her  young  men  left  their  farms,  factories, 
workshops,  stores,  counting-houses,  schools  and  colleges  and  took  up  arms 
with  alacrity.  They  were. sent  to  the  field  as  well  armed  and  equipped  for  the 
duties  before  them  as  troops  from  any  other  State.  They  fought  as  often,  as 
bravely,  and  suffered  as  much  in  battle,  in  the  trenches,  in  camp,  hospitals 
and  rebel  prisons  as  those  from  any  other  State,  and  made  as  little  complaint. 

To  make  a  history  of  all  the  noble  and  heroic  deeds  of  the  brave  men  of 
New  Hampshire  in  the  field,  and  the  patriotic  action  of  the  State,  would  require 
many  volumes  of  the  size  of  this  one.  The  author  hoped  only  to  give  a  gener 
al  view,  rather  than  full  details.  Influenced  by  no  partiality  for  any  man  or 
organization,  he  has  endeavored  to  deal  justly  by  all  who  acted  prominent 
parts  in  and  during  the  war,  so  far  as  his  circumscribed  limits  would  permit. 
If  much  has  been  (knitted  which  might  rightfully  claim  a  place  in  this  book, 
great  pains  have  been  taken  to  make  its  history  correct,  so  far  as  it  goes,  and 
to  give  credit  where  credit  fairly  belongs. 

The  author  is  under  obligations  to  many  gentlemen  for  valuable  assistance 
in  preparing  this  book.  To  Adjutant  General  Natt  Head,  for  his  invaluable 
Reports  covering  the  period  of  the  war,  from  which  histories  of  the  organiza 
tion  and  movements  of  many  of  the  regiments  have  been  condensed,  and  other 
documents — without  a  free  use  of  which  the  present  work  must  have  been 
much  less  perfect  than  it  is.  To  General  John  Bedel  of  the  Third  ;  Rev.  Ste 
phen  G.  Abbott,  Chaplain  of  the  First ;  Rev.  John  W.  Adams,  Chaplain  of 


VI  PEEFACE. 

the  Second  ;  Colonel  Thomas  J.  Whipple,  of  the  Fourth;  Colonel  J.  E.  Larkin, 
of  the  Fifth;  Dr.  Sherman  Cooper,  of  the  Sixth,  and  C^onel  Robert  Wilson, 
of  the  Fourteenth,  for  aid  in  the  preparation  of  the  history  of  their  several 
regiments.  To  Hon.  Charles  H.  Bell,  of  Exeter  and  J.  E.  Pecker,  of  Concord, 
for  contributions.  To  Colonel  John  B.  Clarke,  of  the  Manchester  Mirror,  for 
the  use  of  his  files,  and  to  many  other  gentlemen  who  have  shown  interest  in 
the  work  and  extended  needed  favors. 

The  portraits  presented  in  this  volume  are  of  New  Hampshire  men  who 
acted  their  parts  in  the  great  tragic  drama,  at  home  or  in  the  field,  nobly  and 
patriotically.  Many  others  deserve  a  place  here,  but  for  reasons  beyond  the 
author's  control,  could  not  be  obtained. 

With  all  its  short-comings  and  imperfections  this  book  is  submitted  to  the 
people  of  New  Hampshire,  with  the  hope  that  at  no  very  distant  day  a  more 
elaborate  and  complete  history  may  be  written  and  published  of  the  patriotic 
action  of  the  State,  and  of  the  heroic  deeds  of  her  brave  troops  in  the  War  of 
the  Great  Rebellion,  than  has  here  been  attempted. 

O.  F.  B.  W. 

CLABKMONT,  April  A.  D.  1870. 


CONTENTS. 


PAGE. 

Action  of  New  Hampshire— Part  II 49 

Action  of  the  State, 87 

Biographical  Sketches, 577 

Summary  of  New  Hampshire  Troops, 574 

The  Rebellion— Part  I, 9 

Three  Months'  Troops, 52 

BATTLES,  of  Antietam, 279,  320,  409 

Attack  on  Petersburg, 491 

Attack  on  Port  Hudson, 379 

Bull  Run, 134 

Bull  Run — Second, 145 

Cedar  Creek, 512 

Chancellorsville, 471 

Chargeon  Fort  Wagner, 197,  357 

Cold  Harbor, 159 

Drury's  Bluff, 203 

Fair  Oaks 141 

Fort  Harrison, 440 

Fredericksburg, 148,  282,  322,  410,  454 

Gettysburg, 152,  287 

South  Mountain, 408 

Spottsylvania 415 

Williamsburg, 139 

Winchester, 511 

Seven  Days'  Fight, 142 

Siege  of  Knoxville, 456 

Wilson's  Raid, 551 

BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES  of 

Abbott,  General  Joseph  C 348 

Bailey,  Colonel  Edward  L 123 

Bedel,  General  John 182 

Bell,  Colonel  Louis 225 

Berry,  Governor  Nathaniel  S 579 

Bixby,  Colonel  Phin  P 311 

Colby,  General  Anthony 600 

Colby,  General  Daniel  E 601 

Converse,  Colonel  Nelson 306 

Collins,  Lieut.  Colonel  Moses  N 452 

Cross,  Colonel  Edward  E 262 

Dame,  Miss  Harriet  P 124 

Donohoe,  General  Michael  T 427 

Duncan,  General  Samuel  A 505 

Everett,  Major  George  Washington...407 

Fearing,  Colonel  Hawkes,  Jr 372- 

Fellows,  Colonel  Enoch  Q 402 

Foster,  General  John  G 607 

Gardiner,  Colonel  Alexander 503 


BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES.  PAGE 

Gilmore,  Governor  Joseph  A 581 

Goodwin,  Governor  Ichabxjd 677 

Griffin,  General  Simon  G 306 

Hapgood,  Colonel  Charles  E 268 

Harriman,  General  Walter ...449 

Head,  General  Natt 601 

Henderson,  Lieut.  Col.  Thos.  Albert..352 

Jackson,  Colonel  John  II 181 

Kingman,  Colonel  John  W 519 

Lull,  Lieut.  Col.  Oliver  Woodbury....373 

Marston.  General  Oilman 116 

Patterson,  General  J.  N 121 

Pearson,  Lieut.  Colonel  Henry  H 312 

Pike,  Colonel  James 530 

Potter,  General  Joseph  H 469 

Putnam,  Colonel  Haldimand  S 345 

Smith,  Major  Daniel 354 

Smyth,  Governor*Frederick 582 

Stevens,  General  Aaron  Fletcher 483 

Sturtevant,  Major  Edward  E 270 

Tappan,  Colonel  Mason  W 59 

Titus,  Colonel  Herbert  B 406 

Whipple,  Colonel  Thomas  J 223 

Wilson,  Colonel  Robert 502 

REGIMENTS— First 57 

Second 103 

Third, .169 

Fourth, 215 

Fifth 252 

Sixth, 297 

Seventh, ....338 

Eighth, 365 

"  Veteran  Battalion, 389 

Ninth, 396 

Tenth, 421 

Eleventh, 444 

Twelfth »- 462 

Thirteenth, 478 

Fourteenth, 496 

Fifteenth, 516 

Sixteenth, 528 

Seventeenth, 535 

Eighteenth, 538 

First  Cavalry 544 

First  Light  Battery, 555 

First  Heavy  Artillery, .560 

Sharpshooters, 567 


THE   REBELLION. 


FA.RT    I. 


POSITION  OF  AFFAIRS  PREVIOUS  TO  AND  AT  THE  TIME    OF  THE 
BREAKING  OUT  OF  THE  WAR. 


FROM  the  day  of  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution 
there  has  been  an  antagonism  "between  the  North 
ern  and  the  Southern  portions  of  the  United  States. — 
That  Constitution  contains  not  one  word  hostile  to  lib 
erty  and  humanity.  In  it,  however,  is  a  single  phrase 
which  has  been  interpreted  differently  by  the  different 
sections  of  the  country — "held  to  labor."  At  the 
North,  these  simple,  harmless  words  mean  a  hired  man, 
an  apprentice.  At  the  South,  they  mean  a  slave,  feudal 
bondage,  the  right  of  property  in  man,  and  all  the 
attendant  oppressions  and  cruelties.  From  these  differ 
ent  constructions  of  the  spirit  of  the  organic  law  of  the 
country,  and  the  widely  different  modes  of  life  and  of 
thought,  the  antagonism  between  the  North  and  the 
South  has  grown  with  the  growth  and  strengthened 
with  the  strength  of  the  nation.  Mr.  Iverson,  of 
Georgia,  in  speaking  on  this  subject  in  the  United 
States  Senate,  on  the  5th  of  December,  1860,  said,  "Sir. 
disguise  the  fact  as  you  will,  there  is  an  enmity  between 
the  Northern  and  the  Southern  people,  which  is  deep 


10  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  enduring,  and  you  can  never  eradicate  it — never. 
....  We  are  enemies  as  much  as  if  we  were  hostile 
States.  We  have  not  lived  in  peace.  We  are  not  now 
living  in  peace.  It  is  not  expected  that  we  shall  ever 
live  in  peace." 

Mr.  Mason,  of  Virginia,  in  the  same  debate,  said, 
"  This  is  a  war  of  sentiment  and  opinion,  by  one  form 
of  society  against  another  form  of  society." 

Garrett  Davis,  senator  from  Kentucky,  said,  "The 
Cotton  States,  by  their  slave  labor,  have  become  wealthy, 
and  many  of  their  planters  have  princely  revenues — 
from  fifty  to  one  hundred  thousand  dollars  a  year. 
This  wealth  has  begot  pride,  and  insolence,  and  ambi 
tion;  and  those  points  of  the  Southern  character  have 
been  displayed  most  insultingly  in  the  halls  of  Congress. 
As  a  class,  the  wealthy  cotton  growers  are  insolent,  they 
are  proud,  they  are  domineering,  they  are  ambitious. 
They  have  monopolized  the  government  in  its  honors 
for  forty  or  fifty  years,  with  few  interruptions.  When 
they  saw  the  scepter  about  to  depart  from  them,  in  the 
election  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  sooner  than  give  up  office, 
and  the  spoils  of  office,  in  their  mad  and  wicked  ambi 
tion,  they  determined  to  disrupt  the  old  Confederation, 
and  erect  a  new  one,  wherein  they  would  have  undis 
puted  power.  Nine  out  of  ten  of  the  Northern  people 
were  sound  upon  the  subject.  They  were  opposed  to 
the  extension  of  slavery ;  and  I  do  not  condemn  them 
for  that :  but  they  were  willing  to  accord  to  the  slave 
holders  all  their  constitutional  rights." 

The  slaveholders  had  become  arrogant  in  their  de 
mands  upon  Congress,  claiming  that  the  Constitution 
favored  freedom,  free  labor,  and  free  schools,  and  that 
it  should  be  so  far  changed  as  to  maintain  the  exclusive 
claims  of  an  aristocratic  class,  and  to  strengthen  their 
hold  upon  their  slaves.  They  insisted  that  the  domestic 
slave  trade  should  be  nurtured,  and  the  foreign  slave 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  11 

trade  opened.  They  demanded  the  right  to  extend 
slavery  over  all  the  Territories  of  the  United  States; 
the  right  to  hold  their  slaves  in  all  the  States  of  the 
Union  temporarily;  that  speaking  or  writing  against 
slavery  in  any  State  of  the  Union  should  be  a  penal 
offense;  that  the  North  should  catch  their  fugitive 
slaves,  and  send  them  back  to  bondage;  and  that  the 
administration  of  the  General  Government  should  be 
placed  in  the  hands  of  those  only  whom  the  South  could 
trust,  as  the  pledged  enemies  of  republican  equality, 
and  the  friends  of  slavery.  These  were  the  demands  of 
the  South,  which,  they  said,  must  be  acceded  to,  or  they 
would  dash  the  Union  to  pieces  and  from  the  fragments 
construct  a  Confederacy,  with  slavery  for  its  corner 
stone. 

In  the  election  of  Abraham  Lincoln  to  the  Presi 
dency,  in  1860,  the  people  of  the  United  States  said, 
most  emphatically,  "  We  will  not  accede  to  these  arro 
gant  and  wicked  demands.  We  will  not  thus  change 
the  Constitution  of  our  fathers.  We  will  abide  by  it  as 
it  is."  In  an  appeal  to  the  ballot-box  the  slaveholders 
were  fairly  and  overwhelmingly  defeated,  and  they 
determined  to  secede  and  break  up  the  Union. 

As  long  ago  as  1856,  Hon.  Preston  Brooks,  of  South 
Carolina,  said,  in  a  speech  in  Charleston,  at  an  ovation 
given  in  his  honor,  for  his  brutal  assault  upon  Senator 
Sumner,  of  Massachusetts,  for  words  spoken  in  debate 
in  his  place  in  the  Senate,  "  I  tell  you,  fellow-citizens, 
from  the  bottom  of  my  heart,  that  the  only  mode  which 
I  think  available  for  meeting  it  [the  issue],  is  just  to 
tear  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  trample  it 
under  foot,  and  form  a  Southern  Confederacy,  every 
State  of  which  shall  be  a  Slaveholding  State." 

Mr.  Hunter,  of  Virginia,  detailed  in  the  Senate  of  the 
United  States  the  changes  in  the  Constitution  with 


12  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

which  alone  the  Slaveholders  would  be  satisfied.     His 
demands  were : — 

1.  Congress  shall  have  no  power  to  abolish  slavery  in 
the  States,  or  the  District  of  Columbia,  or  the  dock 
yards,  forts,  and  arsenals  of  the  United  States. 

2.  Congress    shall   not   abolish,  tax,  or   obstruct  the 
slave  trade  between  the  States. 

3.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  each  of  the  States  to  sup 
press  combination,  within  its  jurisdiction,  for  the  arm'ed 
invasion  of  any  other  State. 

4.  States  shall  be  admitted  with  or  without  slavery, 
according  to  the  election  of  the  people. 

5.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  States  to  restore  fugi 
tive  slaves,  or  pay  the  value  of  the  same. 

6.  Fugitives  from  justice  shall  be  deemed  those  who 
have  offended  the  laws  of  the  State  within  its  jurisdic 
tion,  and  shall  have  escaped  therefrom. 

7.  Congress  shall  recognize  and  protect  as  property, 
what  is  held  to  be  such  by  the  laws  of  any  State,  in  the 
Territories,  dockyards,  arsenals,  forts,  and  wherever  the 
United  States  have  exclusive  jurisdiction. 

Mr.  Hunter  also  demanded  that  there  should  always  be 
two  Presidents  chosen,  one  by  the  Slavholding  States, 
and  the  other  by  the  North,  and  that  no  act  should  be 
valid  unless  approved  by  both  Presidents.  Thus  giving 
to  not  more  than  three  hundred  thousand  slaveholders 
as  much  power  in  the  government  as  to  the  other  thirty 
millions  of  population.  He  also  demanded  that  the 
United  States  Supreme  Court  should  consist  of  ten 
members,  five  to  be  chosen  by  the  little  handful  of 
slaveholders,  and  the  other  five  by  the  millions  of 
freemen. 

To  accomplish  their  purpose,  every  man  at  the  South 
was  to  be  compelled,  by  the  reign  of  terror,  to  support 
the  cause  of  the  slaveholders.  Vigilance  committees 
were  organized,  the  mails  were  searched,  and  a  system 


THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION.  13 

of  espionage  introduced,  such  as  no  despotism  on  earth 
ever  before  equalled.  A  gentleman  from  Hinds  County, 
Mississippi,  wrote  to  the  editor  of  the  New  York 
Tribune,  under  date  of  February  7,  1861 : — 

"I  have  lived  in  this  State  twenty-five  years.  Yet  if 
I  should  say,  not  openly  upon  the  housetop,  but  at  my 
own  table,  among  my  family  and  friends  congregated 
there,  that  I  do  not  consider  that  the  South  has  any 
real  grievance  to  complain  of,  and  totally  oppose  the 
secession  of  this  or  any  other  State  from  the  Union,  my 
property,  my  life  even,  would  not  be  safe  an  hour.  It  is 
very  certain  that  those  who  are  in  favor  of  secession 
have  no  more  than  a  bare  majority  in  any  of  the  South 
ern  States.  We,  the  Union  men  of  the  South,  call  on 
you  of  the  North  not  to  desert  us." 

The  slaveholders  demanded  further,  in  addition  to  the 
right  of  the  general  extension  of  slavery,  that  the  laws 
of  the  Free  States  should  be  so  changed  as  to  enable 
them  to  hold  their  enslaved  servants  at  the  North  tem 
porarily,  while,  at  the  same  time,  they  refused  to  allow 
a  Northern  gentleman  even  to  enter  their  States  with  a 
free  hired  colored  servant. 

The  candidates  for  President  in  1860  were  Abraham 
Lincoln,  of  Illinois,  nominated  by  the  Republican  party, 
who  was  openly  pledged  to  resist  the  extension  of 
slavery,  while  he  avowed  that  Congress  had  no  consti 
tutional  right  to  interfere  with  slavery  in  those  States 
where  it  existed,  but  that  it  was  both  the  right  and  the 
duty  of  Congress  to  prohibit  slavery  in  all  the  United 
States  Territories.  John  C.  Breckinridge  of  Ken 
tucky,  was  the  candidate  of  the  slaveholders,  pledged 
to  administer  the  government  in  the  most  effectual 
way  to  nurture  and  to  give  increasing  political  power 
to  the  institution  of  slavery.  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  of 
Illinois,  and  John  Bell,  of  Tennessee,  were  supported 
by  those  who  wished  to  effect  some  compromise, 


14  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  who  were  ready,  for  the  sake  of  avoiding  civil 
war,  to  make  very  great  concessions  to  the  South. 

The  election  took  place  on  the  6th  of  November,  and 
the  result  of  the  popular  vote  was,  for  electors :  Lincoln, 
1,857,610;  Douglas,  1,365,976;  Breckinridge,  847,953; 
Bell,  591,613;  giving  Lincoln  the  electoral  votes  of 
seventeen  out  of  the  thirty-three  States;  eleven  for 
Breckinridge ;  three  for  Bell,  and  one — Missouri — with 
three-sevenths  of  New  Jersey,  for  Douglas. 

Mr.  Lincoln  received  the  electoral  votes  of  California, 
4;  Connecticut,  6;  Illinois,  11;  Indiana,  13;  Iowa,  4; 
Maine,  8;  Massachusetts,  13;  Michigan,  6;  Minnesota, 
4;  New  Hampshire,  5;  New  Jersey,  4;  New  York,  35; 
Ohio,  23;  Oregon,  3;  Pennsylvania,  27;  Rhode  Island, 
4;  Vermont,  5;  Wisconsin,  5 — 180.  John  C.  Breckin 
ridge  received  the  votes  of  Alabama,  9;  Arkansas,  4; 
Delaware,  3;  Florida,  3;  Georgia  10;  Louisiana,  6; 
Maryland,  8;  Mississippi,  7;  North  Carolina,  10;  South 
Carolina,  8 ;  Texas,  4 — 72.  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  receiv 
ed  the  votes  of  Missouri,  9,  and  3  of  the  7  votes  of  New 
Jersey — 12.  John  Bell  received  the  votes  of  Kentucky, 
12;  Tennessee,  12;  Virginia,  15—39.  Hannibal  Hamlin, 
of  Maine,  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  180 
electoral  votes,  while  Joseph  Lane  received  72,  Edward 
Everett  39,  and  Herschel  V.  Johnson  12.  The  electors 
chosen  in  New  Hampshire  were,  John  Sullivan,  of 
Exeter;  Ebenezer  Stevens,  of  Meredith,;  David  Gillis, 
of  Nashua;  Nathaniel  Tolles,  of  Claremont;  and  Daniel 
Blaisdell,  of  Hanover. 

On  the  fifteenth  of  February,  in  the  presence  of  the 
two  Houses  of  Congress,  the  Electoral  votes  were 
officially  counted  and  declared  by  John  C.  Breckinridge, 
the  slaveholders'  candidate  for  President,  who  was  at 
that  time  Vice-President  and  the  President  of  the 
Senate.  Amid  deadly  silence,  the  result  was  announced 
as  follows :  One  hundred  and  eighty  votes  were  cast  for 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  15 

Abraham  Lincoln;  seventy-two  for  John  C.  Breckin- 
ridge;  thirty-nine  for  John  Bell;  twelve  for  Stephen  A. 
Douglas.  This  gave  to  Abraham  Lincoln  a  majority  of 
fifty-seven  votes  over  all  the  other  candidates.  Where 
upon  the  Yice-President  rising,  said,  "Abraham  Lin 
coln,  of  Illinois,  having  received  a  majority  of  the 
whole  number  of  electoral  votes,  is  duly  elected  Presi 
dent  of  the  United  States  for  the  four  years  commenc 
ing  on  the  4th  of  March,  1861.  And  Hannibal  Hamlin, 
of  Maine,  having  received  a  majority  of  the  whole  num 
ber  of  electoral  votes,  is  duly  elected  Yice-President  for 
the  same  term." 

This  was  a  day  of  great  excitement  in  Washington. 
It  was  a  slaveholding  city,  in  the  midst  of  slaveholding 
States,  and  fire-eaters  from  the  South  were  there  in  great 
numbers,  and  had  boldly  threatened  that  the  announce 
ment  of  the  vote  for  President  should  not  be  made,  and 
that  the  government  should  be  broken  up  in  a  row. 
James  Buchanan  was  then  President;  had  been  intim 
idated  by  the  slaveholders,  and,  if  he  was  not  in  sympa 
thy  with  them,  had  not  the  courage  to  prepare  to  meet 
and  thwart  their  threats  of  violence.  In  that  crisis  the 
nation  could  place  but  little  reliance  upon  his  efficiency, 
and  reposed  but  little  confidence  in  his  patriotism. 
General  Winfield  Scott  had  prepared  to  meet  any  emer 
gency  that  might  arise,  by  drawing  to  the  city  a  military 
force  and  so  planting  their  guns  as  to  sweep  the  streets  at 
the  first  outbreak,  thus  overawing  the  conspirators;  and 
the  day  passed  quietly,  and  everything  was  done  with 
decency  and  in  order. 

On  the  20th  of  December,  1860,  a  convention  of  a 
few  score  of  slaveholders  in  South  Carolina,  led  off"  in 
the  rebellion,  and  passed  the  following  resolution : — 

""We,  the  people  of  the  State  of  South  Carolina,  in 
convention  assembled,  do  declare  and  ordain,  and  it  is 


16  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

hereby  declared  and  ordained,  that  the  ordinance  adopt 
ed  by  us  in  convention,  on  the  23d  of  May,  in  the  year 
of  our  Lord  1788,  whereby  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States  of  America  was  ratified,  and  also  all  acts, 
and  parts  of  acts,  of  the  General  Assembly  of  this  State 
ratifying  the  amendments  of  said  Constitution,  are 
hereby  repealed,  and  that  the  Union  now  subsisting 
between  South  Carolina  and  other  States,  under  the 
name  of  the  United  States  of  America,  is  hereby 
dissolved." 

In  the  course  of  the  month  of  January,  1861,  the 
States  of  Alabama,  Florida,  Georgia,  Louisiana,  Missis 
sippi,  and  North  Carolina  followed,  and  adopted  similar 
acts  of  secession  to  that  adopted  by  South  Carolina; 
and,  on  the  4th  of  February,  forty-two  delegates,  repre 
senting  these  seven  seceded  States,  met  at  Montgomery, 
Alabama,  and  proceeded  to  organize  a  Southern  Confed 
eracy  of  these,  with  such  others  as  might  subsequently 
be  added,  and  elected  Jefferson  Davis,  President,  and 
Alexander  H.  Stephens,  Vice-President.  On  the  18th 
of  the  same  month,  Jefferson  Davis  was  inaugurated 
President  at  Montgomery. 

President  Buchanan's  cabinet  was  composed  of  slave 
holders,  and  others  who  favored  Southern  principles. 
In  November,  as  soon  as  the  result  of  the  presidential 
election  was  known,  these  men  set  at  work  to  embarrass 
and  cripple  the  government,  that  its  capital,  forts,  arse 
nals,  public  property,  and  munitions  of  war  might 
easily  fall  into  the  hands  of  the  wicked  conspirators 
against  the  Union.  Lewis  Cass,  of  Michigan,  was  Sec 
retary  of  State,  and  tried  to  persuade  the  President  to 
take  steps  to  avert  the  impending  calamity,  and  protect 
the  public  property;  failing  in  which,  he  resigned  in 
December,  and  was  succeeded  by  Jeremiah  S.  Black,  of 
Pennsylvania.  Ilowell  Cobb,  a  slaveholder  from  Geor 
gia,  was  Secretary  of  the  Treasury.  When  he  entered 


THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION.  17 

upon  office,  the  national  treasury  was  in  a  healthy  and 
prosperous  condition.  He  resigned,  and  took  an  office 
under  the  conspirators.  More  than  six  millions  of  dol 
lars  had  been  stolen,  and,  when  his  successor  went 
into  office,  the  treasury  was  on  the  verge  of  bankruptcy. 
Jacob  Thompson,  a  Mississippi  slaveholder,  was  Secre 
tary  of  the  Interior,  and  did  all  in  his  power  to  aid  the 
conspirators.  John  B.  Floyd,  a  Virginia  slaveholder, 
was  Secretary  of  War. 

There  was  a  plan  on  foot — which,  thank  God,  was 
discovered  in  season  to  thwart  it — to  assassinate  the 
President  elect  when  on  his  way  to  Washington  to  take 
his  seat.  In  the  panic,  which  it  was  supposed  would 
ensue,  troops  from  the  adjacent  Slave  States  of  Mary 
land  and  Virginia  were  to  seize  upon  Washington  and 
all  its  treasures,  and  make  it  the  capital  of  the  new 
Confederacy.  To  this  end  the  United  States  army — 
but  a  few  thousands  in  number — was  so  disposed  that 
the  soldiers  could  not  rally  to  the  support  of  the 
government,  while  the  arsenals  at  the  North  were 
despoiled,  the  arms  sent  to  the  Slave  States,  and  the 
fortifications  in  those  States  seized  and  garrisoned  by 
the  conspirators.  Having  accomplished  all  this,  Floyd 
sent  in  his  resignation,  joined  the  rebels,  and  was 
appointed  a  general  in  their  army.  Most  of  the  clerks 
and  employees  in  the  different  departments  of  the 
government  at  Washington  were  in  sympathy  with  the 
conspirators,  and  many  were  actively  aiding  them  in 
their  damnable  plots  to  overthrow  the  best  government 
that  the  sun  ever  shone  upon. 

Isaac  Toucey,  of  Connecticut,  was  Secretary  of  the 
Navy.  According  to  the  report  of  his  successor  to 
Congress,  July  4,  1861,  our  fleet  in  February,  1861,  con 
sisted  '  of  ninety  vessels  of  all  classes,  carrying  two 
thousand  four  hundred  and  fifteen  guns ;  and  was 
manned  by  a  complement  of  about  seven  thousand  six 


18  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

hundred  men,  exclusive  of  officers  and  marines.  Not 
withstanding  the  necessity  for  the  presence  of  this  fleet 
in  our  own  waters  to  aid  the  government*in  this  trying 
hour,  it  was  dispersed,  for  no  good  excuse;  the  Brook 
lyn,  twenty-five  guns,  and  the  store-ship  Relief,  two  guns, 
only  remaining,  to  defend  the  entire  Atlantic  coast. 

On  the  21st  of  February,  1861,  a  select  committee  of 
five,  appointed  by  the  House  of  Representatives,  in  a 
report  upon  the  conduct  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy, 
after  stating  what  disposition  had  been  made  of  our 
naval  force,  said : — 

"The  committee  cannot  fail  to  call  attention  to  this 
extraordinary  disposition  of  the  entire  naval  force  of 
the  country,  and  especially  in  connection  with  the  pres 
ent  no  less  extraordinary  and  critical  juncture  of  our 
political  affairs.  They  cannot  call  to  mind  any  period 
in  the  past  history  of  the  country,  of  such  profound 
peace  and  internal  repose,  as  would  justify  so  entire  an 
abandonment  of  the  coast  of  the  country  to  the  chance 
of  fortune.  Certainly  since  the  nation  possessed  a  navy, 
it  has  never  before  sent  its  entire  available  force  into 
distant  seas,  and  exposed  the  immense  interests  at  home, 
of  which  it  is  the  especial  guardian,  to  the  dangers  from 
which,  even  in  times  of  the  utmost  quiet,  prudence  and 
forecast  do  not  always  shelter  them. 

"  To  the  committee  this  disposition  of  the  naval  force, 
at  this  most  critical  period,  seems  extraordinary.  The 
permitting  of  vessels  to  depart  for  distant  seas  after 
these  unhappy  difficulties  had  broken  out  at  home,  the 
omission  to  put  in  repair  and  commission,  ready  for 
orders,  a  single  one  of  the  twenty-eight  ships  dismantled 
and  unfit  for  service,  in  our  own  ports,  and  that,  too, 
while  $646,639.79  of  the  appropriation  for  repairs  in  the 
navy,  the  present  year,  remained  unexpended,  were,  in 
the  opinion  of  the  committee,  grave  errors,  without 
justification  or  excuse." 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  19 

All  these,  and  many  other  like  wicked  acts,  were 
being  committed  under  the  eye  and  with  the  knowledge 
of  President  Buchanan,  and  by  officers  whom  he  had 
the  power  to  displace  at  any  moment,  and  yet  he  never 
raised  his  hand  to  prevent  or  check  them. 

There  were  a  few  leading  and  influential  men  in  the 
slave  States,  slaveholders  themselves,  who  wiser  than 
the  rest,  were  opposed  to  secession  and  the  disruption 
of  the  old  Union,  but  were  soon  forced  to  acquiesce  in 
the  schemes  and  movements  of  the  conspirators.  They 
were  whipped  into  the  ranks  of  the  rebellion.  It  was 
not  sufficient  for  them  to  remain  silent  or  neutral,  but 
they  must  be  active  for  treason,  or  their  property  and 
lives  were  at  the  mercy  of  a  set  of  fiends  who  showed 
no  mercy. 

Alexander  H.  Stephens,  for  many  years  a  member  of 
the  United  States  House  of  Representatives  from  Geor 
gia,  and  one  of  the  most  influential  men  in  that  State, 
opposed  secession.  In  a  speech  to  an  immense  gather 
ing  of  his  constituents  at  Milledgeville,  on  the  14th  of 
November,  1860,  he  said: — 

"The  first  question  that  presents  itself  is,  Shall  the 
people  of  the  South  secede  from  the  Union  in  conse 
quence  of  the  election  of  Mr.  Lincoln  to  the  Presidency 
of  the  United  States?  My  countrymen,  I  tell  you 
frankly,  candidly,  and  earnestly,  that  I  do  not  think 
that  they  ought.  In  my  judgment,  the  election  of  no 
man,  constitutionally  chosen  to  that  high  office,  is 
sufficient  cause  for  any  State  to  separate  from  the  Union. 
It  ought  to  stand  by  and  aid  still  in  maintaining  the 
Constitution  of  the  country.  To  make  a  point  of  resist 
ance  to  the  Government — to  withdraw  from  it,  because  a 
man  has  been  constitutionally  elected — puts  us  in  the 
wrong.  We  are  pledged  to  maintain  the  Constitution. 
Many  of  us  have  sworn  to  support  it.  Can  we,  there 
fore,  for  the  mere  election  of  a  man  to  the  Presidency — 


20  THE  GH&AT  REBELLION. 

and  that,  too,  in  accordance  with  the  prescribed  forms 
of  the  Constitution — make  a  point  of  resistance  to  the 
Government,  and  without  ^coming  the  breakers  of 
that  sacred  instrument  ourselves,  withdraw  ourselves 
from  it?  Would  we  not  be  in  the  wrong?  Whatever 
fate  is  to  befall  this  country,  let  it  never  be  laid  to  the 
charge  of  the  people  of  the  South,  and  especially  of  the 
people  of  Georgia,  that  we  were  untrue  to  our  National 
engagements.  Let  the  fault  and  the  wrong  rest  upon 
others.  If  all  our  hopes  are  to  be  blasted,  if  the  Repub 
lic  is  to  go  down,  let  us  be  found  to  the  last  moment 
standing  on  the  deck,  with  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States  waving  over  our  heads.  Let  the  fanatics 
of  the  North  break  the  Constitution,  if  such  is  their 
fell  purpose.  Let  the  responsibility  be  upon  them.  I 
shall  speak  presently  more  of  their  acts;  but  let  not  the 
South,  let  us  not  be  the  ones  to  commit  the  aggression. 
We  went  into  the  election  with  this  people ;  the  result 
was  different  from  what  we  wished;  but  the  election 
has  been  constitutionally  held.  Were  we  to  make  a 
point  of  resistance  to  the  Government,  and  go  out  of 
the  Union  on  that  account,  the  record  would  be  made 
up  hereafter  against  us. 

"But,  it  is  said,  Mr.  Lincoln's  policy  and  principles 
are  against  the  Constitution,  and  that,  if  he  carries 
them  out,  it  will  be  destructive  of  our  rights.  Let  us 
not  anticipate  a  threatened  evil.  If  he  violates  the 
Constitution,  then  will  come  our  time  to  act.  Do  not 
let  us  break  it,  because,  forsooth,  he  may.  If  he  does, 
that  is  the  time  for  us  to  strike.  I  think  it  would  be 
injudicious  and  unwise  to  do  this  sooner.  I  do  not 
anticipate  that  Mr.  Lincoln  will  do  anything  to  jeopard 
ize  our  safety  or  security,  whatever  may  be  his  spirit  to 
do  it;  for  he  is  bound  by  the  constitutional  checks 
which  are  thrown  around  him,  which,  at  this  time,  ren 
der  him  powerless  to  do  any  great  mischief.  This  shows 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  21 

the  wisdom  of  our  system.  The  President  of  the 
United  States  is  no  Emperor,  no  Dictator — he  is  clothed 
with  no  absolute  power.  He  can  do  nothing  unless  he 
is  backed  by  power  in  Congress.  The  House  of  Eepre- 
sentatives  is  largely  in  the  majority  against  him.  In 
the  Senate,  he  will  also  be  powerless.  There  will  be  a 
majority  of  four  against  him:  This,  after  the  loss  of 
Bigler,  Fitch,  and  others,  by  the  unfortunate  dissensions 
of  the  Democratic  party  in  their  States.  Mr.  Lincoln 
cannot  appoint  an  officer  without  the  consent  of  the 
Senate — he  cannot  form  a  Cabinet  without  the  same 
consent.  He  will  be  in  the  condition  of  George  III. 
(the  embodiment  of  Toryism),  who  had  to  ask  the  Whigg 
to  appoint  his  Ministers,  and  was  compelled  to  receive  a 
Cabinet  utterly  opposed  to  his  views;  and  so  Mr.  Lin 
coln  will  be  compelled  to  ask  of  the  Senate  to  choose 
for  him  a  Cabinet,  if  the  Democracy  of  that  body 
choose  to  put  him  on  such  terms.  He  will  be  compelled 
to  do  this,  or  let  the  Government  stop,  if  the  National 
Democratic  men — for  that  is  their  name  at  the  2s"orth — 
the  conservative  men  in  the  Senate — should  so  determine. 
Then,  how  can  Mr.  Lincoln  obtain  a  Cabinet  which 
would  aid  him,  or  allow  him,  to  violate  the  Constitution  ? 

"Why,  then,  I  say,  should  we  disrupt  the  bonds  of 
this  Union,  when  his  hands  are  tied — when  he  can  do 
nothing  against  us? 

"I  believe  in  the  power  of  the  people  to  govern  them 
selves  when  wisdom  prevails,  and  passion  is  silent. 
Look  at  what  has  already  been  done  by  them  for  their 
advancement  in  all  that  ennobles  man.  There  is  nothing 
like  it  in  the  history  of  the  world.  Look  abroad,  from 
one  extent  of  the  country  to  the  other;  contemplate  our 
greatness :  we  are  now  among  the  first  nations  of  the 
earth.  Shall  it,  then,  be  said  that  our  institutions, 
founded  upon  principles  of  self-government,  are  a 
failure  ? 


22  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

"  Thus  far  it  is  a  noble  example,  worthy  of  imitation. 
The  gentleman  (Mr.  Cobb),  the  other  night,  said  it  had 
proven  a  failure.  A  failure  in  what?  In  growth? 
Look  at  our  expanse  in  National  power?  Look  at  our 
population  and  increase  in  all  that  makes  a  people 
great !  A  failure  ?  Why,  we  are  the  admiration  of  the 
civilized  world,  and  present  the  brightest  hopes  of 
mankind. 

"  Some  of  our  public  men  have  failed  in  their  aspira 
tions  ;  that  is  true ;  and  from  that  comes  a  great  part  of 
our  troubles. 

"No!  there  is  no  failure  of  this  Government  yet. 
We  have  made  great  advancement  under  the  Constitu 
tion  ;  and  I  cannot  but  hope  that  we  shall  advance  still 
higher.  Let  us  be  true  to  our  cause." 

Early  in  January,  1861,  Georgia  passed  an  act  of 
secession,  and  joined  the  other  States  that  had  with 
drawn  from  the  Union;  and  in  February,  Mr.  Stephens 
accepted  the  office  of  Vice-President  of  the  new  Con 
federacy,  and  traversed  the  Slave  States,  and  exerted  all 
his  powers  to  rouse  the  people  to  war  against  the  gov 
ernment  of  the  United  States. 

The  first  plan  of  the  rebels  was  to  break  up  the  gov 
ernment  of  the  United  States,  take  possession  of  its 
capital,  navy  yards,  armories,  arsenals,  and  fortifica 
tions,  preparatory  for  the  outbreak.  When  all  this  was 
done  it  was  supposed  there  would  be  but  a  feeble  resist 
ance  on  the  part  of  the  people  of  the  North.  The 
government  was  to  be  reorganized,  with  slavery  estab 
lished  in  all  the  States  and  Territories,  and  Jefferson 
Davis  as  its  head.  All  arrangements  for  carrying  out 
this  scheme  had  been  deliberately  and  carefully  made, 
and  were  apparently  near  consummation,  before  the 
people  of  the  North  could  be  made  to  comprehend  the 
possibility  of  such  a  movement  by  any  considerable 
portion  of  the  people  of  the  Slave  States. 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  23 

One  part  of  this  most  wicked  and  damnable  plot  was 
to  assassinate  President  Lincoln  as  he  passed  through 
Baltimore,  on  his  way  to  Washington,  to  be  inaugurat 
ed.  It  was  discovered  in  season,  however,  to  prevent 
such  a  great  calamity  to  the  country.  He  left  his  home 
at  Springfield,  111.,  on  the  llth  of  February,  accompa 
nied  by  his  family  and  a  few  friends.  At  all  the  cities 
and  large  towns  on  his  route  the  people  assembled  and 
gave  him  most  enthusiastic  receptions,  and  he  replied  to 
addresses  of  welcome  at  several  different  places.  At 
Columbus,  Ohio,  he  said  : 

"I  have  not  maintained  silence  from  any  want  of  real 
anxiety.  It  is  a  good  thing  that  there  is  no  more  than 
anxiety;  for  there  is  nothing  going  wrong.  It  is  a  con 
soling  circumstance  that,  when  we  look  out,  there  is 
nothing  that  really  hurts  anybody.  "We  entertain  differ 
ent  views  upon  political  questions :  but  nobody  is  suffer 
ing  anything.  This  is  a  most  consoling  circumstance; 
and  from  it  we  may  conclude  that  all  we  want  is  time, 
patience,  and  a  reliance  on  that  God  wrho  has  never  for 
saken  this  people." 

At  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  on  the  15th,  he  said: 

"  Notwithstanding  the  troubles  across  the  river  [the 
speaker  pointing  southwardly  across  the  Monongahela, 
and  smiling],  there  is  no  crisis  but  an  artificial  one. 
What  is  there  now  to  warrant  the  condition  of  affairs 
presented  by  our  friends  over  the  river?  Take  even 
their  own  views  of  the  questions  involved,  and  there  is 
nothing  to  justify  the  course  they  are  pursuing.  I 
repeat,  then,  there  is  no  crisis,  except  such  a  one  as  may 
be  gotten  up  at  any  time  by  turbulent  men,  aided  by 
designing  politicians.  My  advice  to  them,  under  the 
circumstances,  is  to  keep  cool.  If  the  great  American, 
people  only  keep  their  temper  both  sides  of  the  line, 
the  trouble  will  come  to  an  end,  and  the  question  which 
now  distracts  the  country  be  settled,  just  as  surely  as 


24  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

all  other  difficulties,  of  a  like  character,  which  have  orig 
inated  in  this  Government,  have  been  adjusted.  Let 
the  people  on  both  sides  keep  their  self-possession,  and, 
just  as  other  clouds  have  cleared  away  in  due  time,  so 
will  this  great  nation  continue  to  prosper  as  heretofore." 

At  Philadelphia  he  assisted  at  the  raising  of  the 
United  States  flag  over  Independence  Hall,  and  in  reply 
to  an  address  of  welcome,  said : 

"  I  have  often  pondered  over  the  dangers  incurred  by 
the  men  who  assembled  here,  and  framed  and  adopted 
that  Declaration  of  Independence.  I  have  pondered 
over  the  toils  that  were  endured  by  the  officers  and 
soldiers  of  the  army  who  achieved  that  Independence. 
I  have  often  inquired  of  myself,  what  great  principle  or 
idea  it  was  that  kept  this  confederacy  so  long  together. 
It  was  not  the  mere  matter  of  the  separation  of  the 
Colonies  from  the  mother-land ;  but  that  sentiment  in 
the  Declaration  of  Independence  which  gave  Liberty, 
not  alone  to  the  people  of  this  country,  but,  I  hope,  to 
the  world,  for  all  future  time.  It  was  that  which  gave 
promise  that,  in  due  time,  the  weight  should  be  lifted 
from  the  shoulders  of  all  men.  This  is  a  sentiment 
embodied  in  the  Declaration  of  Independence.  Now, 
my  friends,  can  this  country  be  saved  on  that  basis  ? 
If  it  can,  I  will  consider  myself  one  of  the  happiest 
men  in  the  world,  if  I  can  help  to  save  it.  If  it  cannot 
be  saved  on  that  basis,  it  will  be  truly  awful.  But,  if 
this  country  cannot  be  saved  without  giving  up  that 
principle,  I  was  about  to  say  that  I  would  rather  be 
assassinated  on  this  spot  than  surrender  it.  Now,  in 
my  view  of  the  present  aspect  of  affairs,  there  need  be 
no  bloodshed  or  war.  There  is  no  necessity  for  it.  I 
am  not  in  favor  of  such  a  course;  and  I  may  say,  in 
advance,  that  there  will  be  no  bloodshed,  unless  it  be 
forced  upon  the  Government,  and  then  it  will  be  com 
pelled  to  act  in  self-defense." 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  25 

The  loyal  people  of  Baltimore  had  made  preparations 
to  testify  their  respect  for  the  President  elect,  by  a  large 
gathering,  procession,  and  other  ceremonies,  while  the 
conspirators  had  arranged  to  get  up  a  riot  at  the  depot, 
on  his  arrival,  during  which  the  President,  unarmed 
and  unprotected,  was  to  be  stabbed  or  shot.  This  plan 
was  discovered  by  the  police,  who  informed  General 
Scott  and  senator  Seward,  and  Frederick  W.  Seward, 
son  of  the  senator,  was  immediately  dispatched  to  meet 
the  President,  and  inform  him  of  the  danger  to  his  life. 
He  had  a  public  reception  at  Harrisburgh,  after  which, 
with  a  few  of  his  friends,  he  retired  to  his  private 
apartments  at  the  hotel  about  six  o'clock  in  the  evening, 
and  as  he  was  known  to  be  weary,  was  not  interrupted. 
As  soon  as  it  was  dark,  he,  in  company  with  Colonel 
Lamon,  unobserved,  entered  a  hack  and  drove  to  the 
Pennsylvania  railroad,  where  a  special  train  was  waiting 
for  him.  The  telegraph  wires  were  in  the  mean  time 
cut,  so  that  the  knowledge  of  his  departure,  if  discov 
ered  or  suspected,  could  not  be  .sent  abroad.  The  train 
reached  Philadelphia  at  half-past  ten  o'clock  that  night. 
They  drove  immediately  across  the  city  to  the  Balti 
more  and  Washington  depot.  The  regular  night  train 
was  just  leaving,  at  a  quarter  past  eleven.  They  took 
berths  in  a  sleeping-car,  and,  without  any  change,  pass 
ed  directly  through  Baltimore,  and  arrived  at  "Washing 
ton  safely  and  unexpectedly,  at  half-past  six  o'clock 
next  morning,  being  the  23d  of  February.  Thus  was 
an  important  part  of  the  scheme  of  the  rebels  frustrated, 
and  the  proposed  attempt  to  seize  the  capital  preven 
ted  by  the  energy  and  watchfulness  of  the  friends  of 
the  incoming  administration. 

The  conspirators  had  counted  on  a  divided  !N"orth, 
believing  there*  were  many  friends  of  their  cherished 
institution  here  who  would  join  them  in  their  rebellion 


26  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

against  the  government.  Here,  again,  they  made  a 
great  mistake ;  for  when  the  people  of  Jhe  Free  States 
were  aware  of  the  wicked  plot  to  break  up  the  Union, 
and  the  extent  of  it,  they  arose  as  one  man  to  meet  the 
emergency;  and  the  Northern  men,  with  Southern 
sympathies,  found  themselves  in  a  most  disgraceful 
and  hopeless  minority.  And  the  plan  to  invade  the 
Northern  States  had  to  be  abandoned,  while  General 
Scott,  contrary  to  the  wish  of  President  Buchanan,  who 
seemed  to  be  completely  under  control  of  the  slave 
power,  had  gathered  nearly  three  hundred  troops  in  and 
about  the  capital  for  its  protection. 

On  the  retirement  of  the  traitor  Floyd  from  the  War 
Department,  Hon.  Joseph  Holt,  of  Kentucky,  was 
appointed  to  fill  the  place.  He  cooperated  writh  Gen 
eral  Scott  in  the  adoption  of  vigorous  measures  for  the 
protection  of  Washington  from  the  menaced  capture  by 
the  rebels,  which  greatly  alarmed  them.  On  the  18th 
of  February,  Mr.  Holt  addressed  a  letter  to  President 
Buchanan,  in  reply  to  a  resolution  of  the  House  of 
Representatives,  inquiring  into  the  state  of  the  defenses 
of  Washington,  from  which  the  following  extracts  are 
made: 

"  The  scope  of  the  question  submitted  by  the  House 
will  be  sufficiently  met  by  dealing  with  the  facts  as  they 
exist,  irrespective  of  the  cause  from  which  they  have 
proceeded.  That  revolution  has  been  distinguished  by 
a  boldness  and  completeness  of  success  rarely  equalled 
in  the  history  of  civil  commotions.  Its  overthrow  of 
the  Federal  authority  has  not  only  been  sudden  and 
widespread,  but  has  been  marked  by  excesses  which 
have  alarmed  all,  and  been  sources  of  profound  humil 
iation  to  a  large  portion  of  the  American  people.  Its 
history  is  a  history  of  surprises  and  treacheries,  and 
ruthless  spoliations.  The  forts  of  the*  United  States 
have  been  captured  and  garrisoned,  and  hostile  flags 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  27 

unfurled  upon  their  ramparts.  Its  arsenals  have  been 
seized,  and  the  vast  amount  of  public  arms  they  con 
tained  appropriated  to  the  use  of  the  captors;  while 
more  than  half  a  million  of  dollars,  found  in  the  mint 
at  New  Orleans,  have  been  unscrupulously  applied  to 
replenish  the  coffers  of  Louisiana.  Officers  in  command 
of  revenue  cutters  of  the  United  States  have  been  pre 
vailed  on  to  violate  their  trusts,  and  surrender  the  prop 
erty  in  their  charge;  and  instead  of  being  branded  for 
their  crimes,  they  and  the  vessels  they  betrayed  have 
been  cordially  received  into  the  service  of  the  seceded 
States." 

After  reiterating  the  acts  of  the  conspirators,  the 
information  that  had  reached  his  department  upon  the 
subject,  the  necessity  for  immediate  and  decided  action, 
and  telling  the  President  what  steps  he  had  taken  to 
save  the  government  from  humiliation  and  disgrace, 
Secretary  Holt  closes  his  letter  as  follows : 

"Already  this  display  of  life  and  loyalty  on  the  part 
of  your  administration  has  produced  the  happiest 
effects.  Public  confidence  has  been  restored,  and  the 
feverish  apprehension,  which  it  was  so  mortifying  to  con 
template,  has  been  banished.  Whatever  may  have  been 
the  machinations  of  deluded,  lawless  men,  the  execu 
tion  of  their  purposes  has  been  suspended,  if  not  alto 
gether  abandoned,  in  view  of  preparations,  which 
announce  more  impressively  than  words,  that  this 
administration  is  alike  able  and  resolved  to  transfer  in 
peace  to  the  President  elect  the  authority  that,  under 
the  Constitution,  belongs  to  him.  To  those,  if  such 
there  be,  who  desire  the  destruction  of  the  republic,  the 
presence  of  these  troops  is  necessarily  offensive.  But 
those  who  sincerely  love  our  institutions,  cannot  fail  to 
rejoice  that,  by  this  timely  precaution,  they  have  prob 
ably  escaped  the  deep  dishonor  which  they  must  have 
Buffered  had  the  capital,  like  the  forts  and  arsenals  of 


28  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

the  South,  fallen  into  the  hands  of  revolutionists,  who 
have  found  this  great  government  weal^  only  because, 
in  the  exhaustless  beneficence  of  its  spirit,  it  has  refused 
to  strike,  even  in  its  own  defense,  lest  it  should  wound 
the  aggressors." 

One  Breshwood,  a  Virginian,  who  was  in  command 
of  the  revenue  cutter  McLelland,  infamously  surrender 
ed  his  vessel  to  the  rebels  at  New  Orleans ;  and  Captain 
Morrison  surrendered  the  revenue  cutter  Cass  to  the 
rebels  at  Mobile.  The  rebels  seized  Fort  Morgan  at 
Mobile,  and  called  upon  Lieutenant  John  N.  Maffit,  who 
was  in  command  of  the  Crusader,  which  was  exposed 
to  the  fire  of  the  fort,  to  surrender  his  vessel  to  the 
"  Alabama  Navy."  The  noble  lieutenant  replied,  "  I  may 
be  overpowered;  but  in  that  event,  what  will  be  left  of 
the  Crusader  will  not  be  worth  taking."  He  saved  his 
vessel,  which  afterwards  rendered  signal  service  in  the 
Gulf. 

On  the  3d  of  February,  1861,  Lieutenant  J.  H.  Hamil 
ton,  of  South  Carolina,  ordered  Captain  Porter  to  sur 
render  his  ship  to  the  rebels.  The  following  is  Captain 
Porter's  noble  reply:  "You,  sir,  have  called  upon  your 
brother  officers,  not  only  to  become  traitors  to  their 
country,  but  to  betray  their  sacred  trust,  and  deliver  up 
the  ships  under  their  command.  This  infamous  appeal 
would,  in  ordinary  times,  be  treated  with  the  contempt 
it  deserves.  But  I  feel  it  a  duty  I  owe  myself,  and 
brother  officers  with  whom  I  am  associated,  to  reply  and 
state,  that  all  under  my  command  are  true  and  loyal  to 
the  '  Stars  and  Stripes,'  and  to  the  Constitution.  My 
duty  is  plain  before  me.  The  constitutional  govern 
ment  of  the  United  States  has  entrusted  me  with  the 
command  of  this  beautiful  ship,  and  before  I  will  per 
mit  any  other  flag  than  the  i  Stars  and  Stripes'  to  fly  at 
her  peak,  I  will  fire  a  pistol  into  her  magazine,  and  blow 
her  up.  This  is  my  answer  to  your  infamous  letter." 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  29 

For  a  few  days  before  the  inauguration,  Washington 
was  full  of  rumors  of  plots  to  prevent  by  violence  its 
consummation.  General  Scott  and  Secretary  Holt  had 
been  bending  all  their  energies  to  gather  a  military  force 
sufficient  to  keep  in  check,  or  suppress,  if  it  should  show 
itself,  any  lawless  demonstration,  and  to  insure  peace 
and  quiet.  An  imposing  military  escort  was  provided 
to  attend  the  President  to  the  Capitol,  and  after  the  cer 
emonies,  to  the  White  House. 

The  procession,  consisting  of  civilians,  about  one 
thousand  regulars,  and  a  considerable  force  of  uniform 
ed  militia,  escorted  the  retiring  and  incoming  Presi 
dents,  who  were  in  the  same  carriage,  to  the  Capitol. 
On  the  spacious  eastern  portico  of  the  Capitol  a  plat 
form  had  been  erected,  the  space  in  front  of  which  was 
occupied  by  the  military.  The  platform  was  occupied 
by  the  Supreme  Court,  members  of  the  Senate  and 
House  of  Representatives,  foreign  ministers,  and  an 
immense  crowd  of  privileged  persons.  The  President 
elect  was  introduced  by  Colonel  Edward  D.  Baker,  sen 
ator  from  Oregon,  and  was  received  with  cheers  from 
but  a  small  share  of  the  thirty  thousand  persons  assem 
bled.  Mr.  Lincoln,  in  a  clear,  firm  and  penetrating 
voice,  delivered  his  inaugural  address,  which  closed 
with  the  following  paragraphs  : 

"  My  countrymen,  one  and  all,  think  calmly  and  well 
upon  this  whole  subject.  Nothing  valuable  can  be  lost 
by  taking  time. 

"If  there  be  an  object  to  hurry  any  of  you,  in  hot 
haste,  to  a  step  which  you  would  never  take  deliberate 
ly,  that  object  will  be  frustrated  by  taking  time ;  but  no 
good  object  can  be  frustrated  by  it. 

"  Such  of  you  as  are  now  dissatisfied  still  have  the 
old  Constitution  unimpaired,  and,  on  the  sensitive  point, 
the  laws  of  your  own  framing  under  it;  while  the  new 
administration  will  have  no  immediate  power,  if  it 
would,  to  change  either. 


30  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

"  If  it  were  admitted  that  you  who  are  dissatisfied  hold 
the  right  side  in  the  dispute,  there  is  still  no  single  reason 
for  precipitate  action.  Intelligence,  patriotism,  Chris 
tianity,  and  a  firm  reliance  on  Him  who  has  never  yet 
forsaken  this  favored  land,  are  still  competent  to  adjust, 
in  the  best  way,  all  our  present  difficulties. 

uln  your  hands,  my  dissatisfied  fellow-countrymen, 
and  not  in  mine,  is  the  momentous  issue  of  civil  war. 
The  government  will  not  assail  you. 

"You  can  have  no  conflict  without  being  yourselves 
the  aggressors.  You  can  have  no  oath  registered  in 
heaven  to  destroy  the  government,  while  I  shall  have 
the  most  solemn  one  to  '  preserve,  protect,  and  defend 
it.' 

"I  am  loath  to  close.  We  are  not  enemies  but 
friends.  "We  must  not  be  enemies.  Though  passion 
may  have  strained,  it  must  not  break  our  bonds  of  affec 
tion. 

"The  mystic  chords  of  memory,  stretching  from- 
every  battle-field  and  patriot  grave  to  every  living  heart 
and  hearthstone  all  over  this  broad  land,  will  yet  swell 
the  chorus  of  the  Union  when  again  touched,  as  surely 
they  will  be,  by  the  better  angels  of  our  nature." 

The  oath  of  office  was  administered  by  Chief  Justice 
Taney  ;  the  procession  was  re-formed,  and  escorted 
President  Lincoln  to  the  White  House.  Although 
there  were  many  low  threats,  open  and  implied,  the 
arrangements  were  so  admirably  made  and  carried  out 
by  the  loyal  men  at  the  capital,  that  everything  con 
nected  with  the  ceremonies  of  inauguration  passed  off 
without  interruption  or  disturbance. 

The  next  day  after  his  inauguration,  President  Lin 
coln  submitted  to  the  Senate  the  names  of  the  gentle 
men  whom  he  had  appointed  as  his  Cabinet  officers,  as 
follows:  William  H.  Seward,  of  New  York,  Secretary 
of  State;  Salmon  P.  Chase,  of  Ohio,  Secretary  of  the 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  31 

Treasury;  Simon  Cameron,  of  Pennsylvania,  Secretary 
of  War;  Gideon  Welles,  of  Connecticut,  Secretary  of 
the  Navy  ;  Caleb  B.  Smith,  of  Indiana,  Secretary  of 
the  Interior;  Edward  Bates,  of  Missouri,  Attorney 
General;  Montgomery  Blair,  of  Maryland,  Postmaster 
General. 

The  rebel  capital  was  established  at  Montgomery, 
Alabama.  Jefferson  Davis  had  already  appointed  his 
Cabinet,  as  follows :  Robert  Toombs,  of  Georgia,  Secre 
tary  of  State;  Charles  G.  Memminger,  of  South  Caro 
lina,  Secretary  of  the  Treasury;  Leroy  Pope  Walker,  of 
Alabama,  Secretary  of  War;  Stephen  R.  Mallory,  of 
Florida,  Secretary  of  the  Navy;  John  H.  Reagan,  of 
Texas,  Postmaster  General. 

Thus  were  the  two  governments  organized.  Presi 
dent  Lincoln  and  a  majority  of  his  Cabinet  hoped  that 
all  differences  between  the  self-styled  Confederate  gov 
ernment  and  the  government  of  the  United  States  would 
be  adjusted  without  a  resort  to  arms ;  while  Jefferson 
Davis's  government,  which  by  this  time  had  relinquish 
ed  the  idea  of  a  revolution,  and  set  themselves  up  as 
independent  States,  asked  only  to  be  let  alone,  to  be 
allowed  to  possess  all  the  property  of  the  United  States 
that  they  had  stolen,  and  to  be  acknowledged  as  inde 
pendent  States.  While  the  Confederate  States  claimed 
the  right  to  secede  from  the  Union,  and  set  up  a  govern 
ment  of  their  own,  the  government  of  the  United  States 
denied  that  right,  and  claimed  that  they  were  still  part 
of  the  Union,  and  subject  to  its  Constitution  and  laws. 

Major  Robert  Anderson,  with  a  mere  handful  of 
men, — not  more  than  eighty  in  all, — was  placed  in 
charge  of  the  fortifications  in  Charleston  harbor.  They 
mainly  tenanted  Fort  Moultrie, — the  older  and  weaker 
of  them, — being  the  most  convenient  to  the  city;  but  it 
could  not  have  been  held  twenty-four  hours  against  a 
serious  assault.  Its  garrison  was  surrounded  by  a 


32  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

numerous  and  frowning  foe.  During  the  night  of  the 
f,6th  of  December,  1860,  Major  Anderson  prudently 
transferred  his  entire  force  to  Fort  Sumter, — the  most 
impregnable  of  all  the  forts  in  the  harbor, — taking  such 
munitions  and  provisions  as  he  could,  destroying  the 
rest,  and  spiking  the  guns,  so  that  they  could  not  be 
used  by  the  rebels  against  Sumter.  This  was  a  great 
surprise  to  the  rebels,  and  they  complained  of  it  as  a 
breach  of  faith,  as  it  was  alleged  that  President  Buchan 
an  had  promised  that  the  military  status  should  not  be 
changed  without  due  notice.  On  the  27th, — the  next 
day  after  the  evacuation  by  Major  Anderson, — the  rebels 
seized  Forts  Moultrie  and  Pickens  ;  and  about  the  same 
time  the  Federal  arsenal  at  Charleston,  containing  many 
thousand  stands  of  arms  and  a  large  quantity  of  military 
stores,  was  seized  by  the  volunteers  flocking  to  that  city, 
by  direction  of  the  State  authorities.  Castle  Pinckney, 
Fort  Moultrie,  and  Sullivan's  Island  were  now  occupied 
by  the  rebels,  and  their  defenses  enlarged  and  improved, 
while  the  custom-house,  post-office,  and  other  govern 
ment  buildings  were  likewise  appropriated,  without  re 
sistance,  the  Federal  officers  there  all  being  secessionists, 
and  the  palmetto  flag  raised  over  them.  Iron-clad  bat 
teries  had  been  erected  in  such  number  as  to  command 
all  the  entrances  to  Charleston  harbor,  so  that  no 
wooden  frigate  could  pass  them,  and  precluded  the  pos 
sibility  of  sending  reinforcements  or  supplies  to  Fort 
Sumter.  The  Star  of  the  West  was  sent  from  New 
York  with  reinforcements  and  supplies  on  the  5th  of 
January,  which  fact  was  telegraphed  by  conspirators  to 
their  friends  in  Charleston.  She  appeared  off  the  bar 
at  Charleston  on  the  9th,  and,  when  nearing  Fort  Sum 
ter,  was  fired  upon  from  Fort  Moultrie  and  Morris's 
Island,  and  was  struck  by  one  shot.  Without  commu 
nicating  with  Major  Anderson,  she  put  about,  and 
steered  for  New  York.  This  was  the  last  attempt  made 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  33 

to  relieve  Major  Anderson  in  his  most  embarrassed 
condition,  until  early  in  April,  after  the  inauguration 
of  the  new  government,  when  vessels  laden  with  pro 
visions  were  sent  from  New  York,  and  arrived  off  the 
bar  on  the  12th,  the  day  on  which  fire  was  opened  upon 
Sumter.  The  fleet  also  returned  to  New  York  with 
out  fulfilling  its  mission,  only  having  communicated 
with  Major  Anderson  by  signals. 

Such  was  the  situation  of  affairs  on  the  12th  day  of 
April,  1861,  when  the  rebels  of  South  Carolina  opened 
the  most  wicked  and  causeless  war  upon  their  govern 
ment  ever  recorded  in  history.  In  the  four  succeeding 
years  events  of  immense  magnitude  and  importance 
transpired,  affecting  more  or  less  seriously  every  nook 
and  corner  of  our  widely  extended  country,  and  carry 
ing  sadness  and  mourning  to  almost  every  fireside  in 
the  land. 

On  the  llth,  General  Beauregard  demanded  the 
surrender  of  Fort  Sumter  to  the  Confederate  Govern 
ment,  which  Major  Anderson  declined  to  do,  but  sug 
gested  that  he  would  very  soon  be  starved  out,  if 
supplies  were  not  sent  him.  General  Beauregard  then 
asked  of  Major  Anderson  to  state  at  what  time  he 
would  evacuate  Fort  Sumter,  if  unmolested;  and 
was  answered  that  he  would  do  so  at  noon  on  the 
15th,  "  should  I  not  receive,  prior  to  that  time,  con 
trolling  instructions  from  my  government,  or  addi 
tional  supplies."  This  reply  was  not  satisfactory ;  and, 
at  3.20,  A.  M.,  on  the  12th,  Major  Anderson  was 
notified  that  fire  would  be  opened  on  Fort  Sumter  in 
one  hour. 

At  the  appointed  moment  the  bombardment  com 
menced.  Fire  was  almost  simultaneously  opened 
from  Fort  Moultrie,  an  iron-clad  floating  battery  in  the 
harbor,  Cummings  Point,  and  Mount  Pleasant.  Fifty 


34  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

breaching  cannon  playing  upon  the  fort,  followed  by 
the  crashing  and  crumbling  of  brick,  s^one,  and  mor 
tar,  admonished  Major  Anderson  and  his  small  force 
of  seventy  true  men,  that  their  stay  in  the  fort  must 
be  short,  unless  relieved  by  a  more  powerful  lieet 
than  our  government  then  possessed.  At  seven  o'clock, 
after  breakfast, — the  principal  part  of  which  was 
salt  pork, — the  command  was  divided  into  three  re 
liefs,  each  in  succession  to  man  the  guns  for  four 
hours.  Captain  Arthur  Doubleday  was  in  command 
of  the  first  squad,  and  fired  the  first  gun,  which  was 
directed  upon  Fort  Moultrie.  Major  Anderson  had' 
determined  to  make  the  best  resistance  in  his  power, 
though  fully  aware  that  the  fort  must  soon  succumb 
to  the  greatly  superior  force  with  which  he  had  to 
contend,  while  he  took  the  greatest  care  that  his  men 
should  be  exposed  as  little  as  possible  to  the  shot  and 
shells  of  the  enemy,  which  were  falling  in  every  direc 
tion  around  them. 

Red-hot  shot  and  bursting  shells  soon  set  the 
wooden  barracks  on  fire,  and  nearly  the  whole  interior 
of  the  fort  blazed  like  a  furnace.  For  thirty-six  hours 
the  terrific  bombardment  continued  with  but  occasional 
lulls.  The  garrison  in  Sumter  soon  became  so  ex 
hausted  that  they  could  make  but  a  feeble  response. 
The  scene  inside  the  fort  is  described  by  an  eye-witness 
as  follows :  — 

"  The  fire  surrounded  us  on  all  sides.  Fearful  that 
the  walls  might  crack,  and  the  shells  pierce  and  pros 
trate  them,  we  commenced  taking  the  powder  out  of 
the  magazine  before  the  fire  had  fully  enveloped  it. 
"We  took  ninety-six  barrels  of  powder  out,  and  threw 
them  into  the  sea,  leaving  two  hundred  barrels  in  it. 
Owing  to  a  lack  of  cartridges,  we  kept  five  men  inside 
the  magazine,  serving  as  we  wanted  them,  thus  using 
up  our  shirts,  sheets,  blankets,  and  all  the  available 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  35 

material  in  the  fort.  When  we  were  finally  obliged  to 
close  the  magazine,  and  our  material  for  cartridges 
was  exhausted,  we  were  left  destitute  of  any  means  to 
continue  the  contest.  We  had  eaten  our  last  biscuit 
thirty-six  hours  before.  We  came  very  near  being 
stifled  with  the  dense,  livid  smoke  from  the  burning 
buildings.  Many  of  the  men  lay  prostrate  on  the 
ground,  with  wet  handkerchiefs  over  their  mouths  and 
eyes,  gasping  for  breath.  It  was  a  moment  of  immi 
nent  peril.  If  an  eddy  of  wind  had  not  ensued,  we  all 
probably  should  have  been  suffocated.  The  crashing 
of  the  shot,  the  bursting  of  the  shells,  the  falling  of  the 
walls,  and  the  roar  of  the  flames,  made  a  Pandemonium 
of  the  fort.  We,  nevertheless,  kept  up  a  steady  fire." 

On  the  afternoon  of  the  second  day  of  the  bombard 
ment,  Louis  T.  Wigfall,  late  a  United  States  senator 
from  Texas,  made  his  appearance  in  a  small  boat,  with 
a  white  flag,  and  was  admitted ;  and  in  a  conference 
with  Major  Anderson  and  his  officers,  insisted  that 
further  resistance  was  useless.  The  fort  was  on  fire, 
the  garrison  exhausted,  with  the  Stars  and  Stripes  float 
ing  defiantly  over  the  ruins.  Another  deputation  soon 
arrived,  Wigfall  having  failed  to  agree  with  Major 
Anderson  on  the  terms  for  a  surrender.  After  some 
conference,  it  was  agreed  that  the  garrison  should  sur 
render  the  fort,  taking  with  them,  as  they  retired  at 
their  leisure,  and  in  their  own  way,  all  their  individual 
and  company  property,  their  side  arms,  and  their  tat 
tered  flag,  which  they  were  to  salute  with  a  hundred 
guns,  before  they  hauled  it  down. 

The  battle  ceased;  the  fire  was  extinguished,  after 
destroying  almost  everything  combustible  in  the  fort. 
Next  niorning,  about  nine  o'clock,  the  evacuation  com 
menced  and  the  guns  of  the  fort  boomed  a  salute  to  the 
lowering  flag,  which  had  been  so  brtivcJy  defended 
against  the  unequal  foe.  The  garrison  marched  out  of 


36  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

the  main  gate,  preceded  by  the  band,  playing  "Yankee 
Doodle"  and  "Hail  Columbia,"  with  .the  Stars  and 
Stripes  floating  over  them.  They  embarked  on  board 
the  United  States  ship  Baltic,  and  were  carried  to  New 
York,  where  they  met  with  an  enthusiastic  reception. 

That  seven  thousand  well  drilled  men,  with  all  the 
needed  appliances,  could  overcome  seventy,  out  of  pro 
visions, — for  they  had  eaten  their  last  biscuit, — and 
nearly  destitute  of  ammunition,  and  with  no  hope  of 
succor,  was  regarded  by  the  chivalry  of  South  Carolina 
as  a  most  wonderful  and  glorious  victory,  and  as 
establishing  beyond  dispute  the  independence  of  the 
Confederacy. 

Arrived  at  New  York,  Major  Anderson  dispatched 
to  his  government  the  following  report :  — 

"  STEAMSHIP  BALTIC,  OFF  SANDY  HOOK, 

April  18,  1861. 
"  THE  HON.  S.  CAMERON, 

"  Secretary  of  War,  Washington,  D.  Q. 
"  Sir :  Having  defended  Fort  Surnter  for  thirty-four 
hours,  until  the  the  quarters  were  entirely  burned,  the 
main  gates  destroyed,  the  gorge  wall  seriously  injured, 
the  magazine  surrounded  by  flames,  and  its  door  closed 
from  the  effects  of  the  heat,  four  barrels  and  three 
cartridges  of  powder  only  being  available,  and  no 
provisions  but  pork  remaining,  I  accepted  terms  of 
evacuation  offered  by  General  Beauregard  (being  the 
same  offered  by  him  on  the  llth  instant,  prior  to  the 
commencement  of  hostilities),  and  marched  out  of  the 
fort  on  Sunday  afternoon,  the  14th  instant,  with  colors 
flying  and  drums  beating,  bringing  away  company  and 
private  property,  and  saluting  my  flag  with  fifty  guns. 
"  ROBERT  ANDERSON, 

"  Major  First  Artillery." 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  37 

On  the  next  day  after  the  evacuation  of  Fort  Sumter, 
April  15,  President  Lincoln  issued  a  call  for  seventy- 
five  thousand  volunteers  for  three  months'  service,  and 
called  an  extra  session  of  Congress  to  meet  on  the 
ensuing  4th  of  July.  The  uprising  of  the  freemen  of 
the  North  was  such  as  the  world  never  witnessed  before. 
The  insult  to  the  old  honored  flag  created  a  feeling  of 
the  most  intense  indignation,  and  all  party  lines  seemed 
for  the  time  obliterated,  and  two  parties  only  had  an 
existence,  — those  who  would  destroy  the  Union,  on  the 
one  hand,  and  those  who  would  defend  and  preserve 
it,  at  any  cost,  on  the  other. 

There  were  many  who  believed  that  the  state  of  feel 
ing  which  had  resulted  in  an  open  rebellion  of  the 
slaveholders  against  the  government,  had  been  pro 
duced  by  extremists  both  at  the  North  and  the  South, 
instead  of  attributing  the  difficulty  to  its  true  cause, — • 
the  wide  difference  between  a  society  of  educated  free 
men  and  a  society  of  slaveholders  and  slaves,  when 
only  the  few  were  educated ;  but  there  were  none  iu 
the  free  States  who  openly  justified  the  assault  upon 
Fort  Sumter. 

On  the  15th  of  April  the  President  promulgated  the 
following 

"  PROCLAMATION. 

""Whereas,  the  laws  of  the  United  States  have  been 
for  some  time  past,  and  now  are,  opposed,  and  the 
execution  thereof  obstructed,  in  the  States  of  South 
Carolina,  Georgia,  Alabama,  Florida,  Mississippi,  Lou 
isiana,  and  Texas,  by  combinations,  too  powerful  to  be 
suppressed  by  the  ordinary  course  of  judicial  proceed 
ings,  or  by  the  powers  vested  in  the  marshals  by  law : 
Now,  therefore,  I,  Abraham  Lincoln,  President  of  the 
United  States,  in  virtue  of  the  power  in  me  vested  by 
the  constitution  and  the  laws,  have  thought  fit  to  call 


38  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

forth  the  militia  of  the  several  States  of  the  Union,  to 
the  aggregate  number  of  seventy-five  thousand,  in 
order  to  suppress  said  combinations,  and  to  cause  the 
laws  to  be  duly  executed. 

"  The  details  of  this  object  will  be  immediately  com- 
municated  to  the  State  authorities,  through  the  War 
Department.  I  appeal  to  all  loyal  citizens  to  favor, 
facilitate,  and  aid  this  effort  to  maintain  the  honor,  the 
integrity,  and  existence  of  our  national  Union,  and  the 
perpetuity  of  popular  government,  and  to  redress  wrongs 
already  long  enough  endured.  I  deem  it  proper  to  say, 
that  the  first  service  assigned  to  the  forces  hereby  called 
forth,  will  probably  be  to  repossess  the  forts,  places,  and 
property  which  have  been  seized  from  the  Union.  And, 
in  every  event,  the  utmost  care  will  be  observed,  consis 
tently  with  the  objects  aforesaid,  to  avoid  any  devasta 
tion,  any  destruction  of,  or  interference  with,  property, 
or  any  disturbance  of  peaceful  citizens  of  any  part  of  the 
country.  And  I  hereby  command  the  persons  compris 
ing  the  combinations  aforesaid  to  disperse,  and  retire 
peaceably  to  their  respective  abodes,  within  twenty  days 
from  this  date. 

"  Deeming  that  the  present  condition  of  public  affairs 
presents  an  extraordinary  occasion,  I  do  hereby,  by  vir 
tue  of  the  power  in  me  vested  by  the  Constitution,  con 
vene  both  Houses  of  Congress.  The  Senators  and 
Representatives  are,  therefore,  summoned  to  assemble 
at  their  respective  chambers,  at  twelve  o'clock,  noon,  on 
Thursday,  the  fourth  day  of  July  next,  then  and  there 
to  consider  and  determine  such  measures  as,  in  their 
wisdom,  the  public  safety  and  interest  may  seem  to 
demand. 

"  In  witness  whereof,  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand, 
and  caused  the  seal  of  the  United  States  to  be  affixed. 

"  Done  at  the  city  of  Washington,  the  fifteenth  day 
of  April,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one.  thousand  eight 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  39 

hundred  and  sixty-one,  and  of  the  independence  of  the 
United  States  the  eighty-fifth. 

"ABRAHAM  LINCOLN. 
"  By  the  President : 

"  WILLIAM  II.  SEWARD,  Secretary  of  State." 

"With  this  proclamation,  was  sent  from  the  War  De 
partment,  to  the  Governors  of  the  several  States,  a  cir 
cular,  explaining  that  the  call  was  for  regiments  of 
infantry,  or  riflemen  only,  each  regiment  to  he  composed 
of  s'even  hundred  and  eighty  men.  They  were  appor 
tioned  to  the  several  States  as  follows:  Maine,  New 
Hampshire,  Vermont,  Rhocte  Island,  Connecticut,  Dela 
ware,  Arkansas,  Michigan,  Iowa,  Minnesota,  and  Wis 
consin,  one  each;  Massachusetts,  Tennessee,  and  North 
Carolina,  two  each;  New  Jersey,  Maryland,  Missouri 
and  Kentucky,  four  each ;  Indiana  and  Illinois,  six  each ; 
New  York,  seventeen ;  Pennsylvania,  sixteen ;  and  Ohio, 
thirteen.  These  ninety-four  regiments  would  make  a 
total  of  seventy-three  thousand  three  hundred  and  twenty 
men.  The  residue  of  the  seventy-five  thousand  was  to 
be  furnished  by  the  District  of  Columbia. 

The  Governors  of  the  States  of  Virginia,  North  Caro 
lina,  Tennessee,  Missouri  and  Kentucky  utterly  refused 
to  furnish  any  men  for  the  purpose  namedin  the  proc 
lamation.  The  response  of  Governor  Harris,  of  Ten 
nessee,  was  as  follows,  and  may  be  taken  as  a  fair  sample 
of  the  replies  from  the  Governors  of  all  the  above-named 
States:  — 

"  Tennessee  will  not  furnish  a  single  man  for  coercion ; 
but  fifty  thousand,  if  necessary  for  the  defense  of  our 
rights,  and  those  of  our  brethren." 

Governor  Jackson,  of  Missouri,  in  reply  to  the  call, 
said, — 

"  It  is  illegal,  unconstitutional,  revolutionary,  inhu 
man,  diabolical,  and  cannot  be  complied  with.  Not  one 


40  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

man  will  the  State  of  Missouri  furnish  to  carry  on  so 
unholy  a  crusade."  m 

Governor  Burton,  of  Delaware,  took  until  the  26th 
of  April  to  consider  the  matter,  and  then  replied,  that 
'•The  laws  of  this  State  do  not  confer  upon  the  Execu 
tive  any  authority  allowing  him  to  comply  wHh  such 
requisition." 

Governor  Hicks,  of  Maryland,  though  claiming  to  be 
a  Unionist  himself,  and  that  his  State  was  still  in  the 
Union,  gave  the  Union  cause  but  a  very  cold  support 
when  called  upon  for  troops  to  uphold  it.  On  the  18th 
of  April  he  issued  a  proclamation  to  the  people  of  Mary 
land,  assuring  them  that  he  should  do  all  in  his  power 
to  preserve  "  the  honor  and  integrity  of  the  State,  and 
to  maintain  within  her  limits  that  peace  so  earnestly 
desired  by  all  good  citizens."  And  adding,"  No  troops 
will  be  sent  from  Maryland,  unless  it  may  be  for  the 
defense  of  the  national  capital." 

On  the  17th  of  April,  Jefferson  Davis,  the  head  of  a 
band  of  conspirators  and  rebels,  issued  a  proclamation, 
authorizing  privateers  to  be  fitted  out  from  all  parts  of 
the  South,  to  prey  upon  the  commerce  of  the  United 
States,  and  this,  too,  when  the  North  had  been  robbed 
by  these  conspirators  of  its  entire  naval  force,  and  had 
not  half  a  dozen  vessels  which  could  be  called  into  our 
waters  to  protect  our  merchant  marine. 

As  a  protection  against  this  piratical  proclamation, 
President  Lincoln,  on  the  19th  of  April,  announced  the 
blockade  of  all  ports  of  the  seceded  States.  As  if  by 
magic  a  naval  force  sprang  into  existence,  and  in  less 
than  ninety  days  over  three  hundred  armed  vessels  of 
war  were  sailing  beneath  the  Stars  and  Stripes,  with 
brave  men  upon  their  decks,  ready  to  avenge  any  insult 
to  their  honored  flag. 

About  this  time  there  was  a  determination  on  the 
part  of  leading  rebels  to  capture  the  City  of  Washing- 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  41 

ton  at  all  hazards.  The  Richmond  Examiner,  of  April 
23d,  said,  "  The  capture  of  Washington  City  is  perfectly 
within  the  power  of  Virginia  and  Maryland,  if  Virginia 
will  only  make  the  effort  by  her  constituted  authorities. 
The  entire  population  pant  for  the  onset.  Our  people 
can  take  it;  they  will  take  it;  and  Scott,  the  arch- 
traitor,  and  Lincoln,  the  beast,  combined,  cannot  pre 
vent  it." 

It  has  been  conclusively  proved  that  the  following 
was  the  plot  for  the  capture  of  the  capital  of  the  nation, 
with  all  the  public  property.  A  conspiracy  was  formed 
by  leading  Virginians,  with  prominent  secessionists  in 
Washington,  and  a  band  of  traitors  of  influence  and 
wealth  in  Baltimore,  to  accomplish  the  infamous  and 
cowardly  act  in  the  following  manner :  Virginia  did  not 
then  pretend  to  be  out  of  the  Union,  and  was  fully  rep 
resented  in  both  branches  of  Congress.  The  Virginians, 
at  the  head  of  between  two  and  three  thousand  desperate 
men,  were  to  make  a  descent  upon  Harper's  Ferry,  seize 
the  arsenal  there,  which  contained  twenty-five  thousand 
stand  of  arms,  and  thus  supply  themselves  with  an  abund 
ance  of  weapons  and  ammunition.  They  were  then  to 
descend  the  Potomac  to  Washington,  and  make  a  fierce 
onset  in  the  streets  of  the  city.  Traitors  there,  in  strong 
bands,  armed  to  the  teeth,  were  prepared  to  receive  them. 
Incendiaries  were  designated  to  fire  the  city  at  several 
points.  Amid  the  terror  and  confusion  of  this  sudden 
assault,  the  conspirators  were  to  seize  the  most  import 
ant  government  buildings,  and  convert  them  into  for 
tresses,  where  they  could  defy  any  immediate  attack 
from  the  bewildered  government,  and  whence  they  could 
command  the  city. 

While  all  this  was  being  done,  the  conspirators  in 
Baltimore  were  to  cut  off  all  communication  with  the 
North,  by  burning  bridges,  tearing  up  railways,  and 
seizing  the  post-office  and  telegraph  stations.  Should 


42  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

troops  attempt  to  reach  Washington  from  the  Forth, 
a  mob  was  to  destroy  them  in  the  streets  of  Baltimore. 
Troops  were  to  rush  from  the  South  to  the  captured 
city,  and  occupy  all  important  military  stations.  Vir 
ginia  and  Maryland  were  thus  to  he  dragged  into  seces 
sion,  and  Washington  was  to  be  the  capital  of  the 
Southern  Confederacy. 

When  this  damnable  plot  was  discovered,  just  on  the 
eve  of  its  execution,  it  seemed  almost  impossible  for  the 
government  to  thwart  it.  Washington  was  filled  with 
traitors  and  rebels ;  no  reliance  could  be  placed  upon 
the  militia ;  Southern  traitors  were  occupying  the  most 
important  posts  in  the  army,  and  the  government  did 
not  know  who  could  be  trusted.  The  government 
seemed  surrounded  with  difficulties,  from  which  there 
appeared  to  be  no  way  of  extrication ;  and  the  North, 
though  burning  to  avenge  the  insult  upon  the  flag  in 
the  unprovoked  attack  upon  Sumter,  had  not  begun  to 
comprehend  the  extent  of  the  danger  to  the  national 
capital,  and  it  is  doubtful  if  they  do  now,  or  ever  will, 
since  the  government  passed  the  crisis  more  easily  than 
the  most  sanguine  had  reason  to  hope  it  would. 

This  plot  was  made  known  on  the  18th  of  April,  con 
fidentially,  to  the  loyal  people  of  Washington,  and  gen 
tlemen  temporarily  there,  who  were  known  to  be  friends 
of  the  Union.  A  gentleman  who  was  there,  and  took 
part  in  the  transactions,  says, — 

"  A  few  trusty  friends  of  the  government,  visitors  in 
Washington,  immediately  commenced  vigorous,  but 
secret  measures,  to  assist  the  administration  in  this 
fearful  crisis.  They  hastened,  by  committees,  to  all  the 
hotels,  and  sought  out  those  known  to  be  true  to  the 
Union,  informed  them  of  the  peril,  and  appointed  a 
meeting  that  very  evening,  in  the  church  in  the  rear  of 
Willard's  Hotel,  where  they  would  not  attract  attention. 
Solemnly,  and  with  intense  emotion,  they  administered 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  43 

the  oath  anew,  of  fidelity  to  the  national  flag,  to  evfery 
one  to  whom  they  confided  the  secret,  and  then  gave  to 
each  the  pass  which  would  admit  him  to  the  church. 
This  work  was  speedily  accomplished,  for  there  was  not 
a  moment  to  he  lost,  and  soon  about  two  hundred  men 
were  assembled  in  the  church. 

"  After  listening  to  a  few  words  of  eloquence,  which 
yet  burn  in  the  souls  of  some  of  the  volunteers  in  that 
dark  night  of  the  nation's  peril,  the  company  formed 
themselves  into  the  noted  l  CASSIUS  M.  CLAY  BATTAL 
ION.'  These  noble  men,  many  of  whom  were  among 
the  most  distinguished  for  wealth  and  position  to  be 
found  in  our  land,  were  enrolled  under  efficient  officers 
into  small  patrol  parties,  and  marched  all  night  long 
through  the  streets  of  the  city,  to  guard  against  incendi 
aries,  and  to  prevent  the  assembling  of  conspirators. 
They  had  orders  to  shoot  down  promptly  any  who  should 
resist  their  authority." 

Another  party  of  three  hundred  men  were  also  ap 
pointed,  under  General  Lane,  to  go  unobserved  to  the 
"White  House,  and  bivouac  in  the  East  Room,  ready  to 
give  a  warm  reception  to  any  parties  who  might  make 
a  sudden  attack  upon  the  Presidential  Mansion.  For 
three  weeks  the  East  Room  was  thus  occupied.  Gen 
eral  Scott  promptly  took  unobserved  possession  of  the 
Capitol,  with  a  sufficient  number  of  men  to  maintain  a 
desperate  defense,  where  were  deposited  great  quanti 
ties  of  military  stores  and  provisions.  Thus  was  the 
"White  House  and  the  Capitol  to  be  held  until  troops 
from  the  North  could  fight  their  way  through  Maryland 
for  their  rescue  if  besieged.  The  greatest  care  was  exer 
cised  by  the  government  to  guard  against  surprise. 

At  ten  o'clock,  on  the  night  of  the  19th,  Lieutenant 
Jones,  of  the  United  States  army,  who  was  in  command 
at  Harper's  Ferry,  with  but  forty-three  men,  received 
reliable  information  that  Governor  Letcher,  of  Virginia, 


44  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

had  sent  three  thousand  State  troops,  via  Winchester, 
and  that  they  would  reach  Harper's  Ferry^in  two  hours; 
and  that  three  hundred  troops,  from  Hallstown,  were 
within  twenty  minutes'  march  of  the  arsenal.  Combus 
tibles  had  been  previously  prepared,  and  everything  in 
readiness  to  blow  up  the  arsenal  and  other  buildings  of 
the  armory,  should  he  find  the  enemy  coming  upon  him 
in  overwhelming  numbers.  In  a  trice  the  torch  was 
applied,  and  the  buildings  were  all  in  a  blaze,  and  Lieu 
tenant  Jones,  with  his  forty- three  men,  retreated  across 
the  bridge  into  Maryland,  and,  after  marching  all  night, 
reached  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  where  they  were  safe 
from  attack  from  the  traitors.  The  secessionists  at  the 
Ferry  rushed,  to  the  arsenal,  and  vainly  attempted  to 
extinguish  the  flames.  In  their  rage,  they  pursued  the 
heroic  band,  and,  firing  upon  them,  killed  two  of  their 
number.  Before  morning  nearly  five  thousand  Virginia 
troops  were  in  possession  of  the  ruins  at  Harper's  Ferry. 

On  the  17th  of  April,  a  convention  in  Virginia  secretly 
passed  an  ordinance  of  secession,  which  was  for  a  time 
kept  from  the  knowledge  of  the  community,  that  more 
effectual  measures  might  be  adopted  for  seizing  the 
government  property  and  fortifications  in  that  State, 
though  a  private  messenger  was  sent  to  inform  the 
Confederate  government  of  the  action  of  the  convention. 

Government  property,  to  the  amount  of  many  millions 
of  dollars,  was  accumulated  at  Norfolk  Navy  Yard, 
including  machine-shops,  founderies,  store-houses,  to 
gether  with  immense  amounts  of  naval  and  military 
stores,  the  whole  estimated  as  worth  over  nine  millions 
of  dollars.  The  new  steam-frigate  Merriniac,  the  Penn 
sylvania,  the  largest  line-of-battle  ship  in  the  world,  the 
Germantown,  the  Dolphin,  and  other  war  vessels,  were 
floating  in  the  harbor.  By  order  of  Governor  Letcher, 
on  the  night  of  the  16th  of  April,  a  large  number  of 
boats,  laden  with  stone,  were  sunk  in  the  channel,  so 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  45 

that  these  large  vessels  could  not  pass  out,  and  arrange 
ments  were  made  for  seizing  the  yard.  Captain 
McCaulay,  who  was  in  command  of  the  yard,  and  most 
of  the  sub-officers  were  traitors. 

It  became  evident  that  the  yard  could  not  be  held, 
but  that  it  must  fall  into  the  hands  of  the  rebels,  and 
it  was  determine  I  to  destroy  it ;  and  the  steamship 
Pawnee  was  sent  from  Fortress  Monroe  to  aid  in  the 
work.  When  she  appeared  at  Norfolk,  she  met  with  a 
most  enthusiastic  welcome  from  the  crews  of  the  Penn 
sylvania,  and  other  war  vessels  lying  there.  The  Pawnee 
arrived,  and  made  fast  to  the  dock  at  Norfolk  about  nine 
o'clock  on  the  evening  of  the  21st  of  April,  immediately 
landed  her  troops,  and  seized  the  gates  of  the  yard,  so 
that  no  traitors  could  enter.  Everything  of  value  was 
removed  from  the  Pennsylvania.  What  could  not  be 
removed  was  thrown  overboard,  and  every  preparation 
made  for  a  great  conflagration.  At  four  o'clock  next 
morning,  all  the  men  from  the  yard,  except  a  few  left  to 
fire  the  trains,  which  had  been  carefully  laid,  were  taken 
on  board  the  Cumberland  and  Pawnee,  and  the  former 
took  the  latter  vessel  in  tow.  At  a  given  signal  the 
torch  was  applied,  and  everything  combustible,  includ 
ing  the  Pennsylvania  and  several  other  war  vessels,  was 
destroyed. 

To  put  down  this  well-planned  and  most  wicked 
rebellion,  the  North,  as  one  man,  nobly  responded  to 
the  call  of  President  Lincoln  for  troops.  On  the  even 
ing  of  the  eighteenth,  four  hundred  Pennsylvania  vol 
unteers  reached  Washington.  On  the  same  day  the 
Sixth  Regiment  of  Massachusetts  volunteers  left  Boston 
for  Washington,  and  arrived  at  Baltimore  on  the  19th, 
where  they  were  joined  by  a  regiment  from  Philadelphia. 
The  Philadelphia  regiment  was  without  arms,  and  the 
Sixth  Massachusetts  was  but  partially  armed. 


46  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

In  passing  from  one  railroad  station  to  another  in 
Baltimore,  a  distance  of  two  and  a  half  miles,  the  cars 
had  to  be  drawn  by  horses.  The  Massachusetts  and 
Philadelphia  troops  occupied  seventeen  cars.  The  five 
foremost  cars,  containing  a  portion  of  the  Massachusetts 
troops,  were  sent  forward.  There  being  no  horses  for 
the  other  cars,  the  residue  of  the  r<  giment,  of  whom 
but  a  small  portion  were  armed,  left  tne  cars  and  formed 
in  the  street,  waiting  the  arrival  of  horses.  None  came, 
for  a  secession  mob  which  filled  the  streets  had  covered 
the  track  immediately  behind  the  cars  which  had  been 
sent  forward,  with  heavy  timbers,  anchors,  stones,  and 
other  obstructions,  to  prevent  the  passage  of  the  other 
cars.  The  residue  of  the  regiment  were  assailed  by  the 
mob  with  showers  of  stones  and  other  missiles,  hurled 
from  the  streets  and  house-tops,  and  several  soldiers 
were  knocked  down  and  badly  injured.  In  the  confu 
sion,  one  of  the  rioters  stepped  up  behind  a  young  sol 
dier,  seized  his  gun,  and  shot  him  dead.  At  this  the 
soldiers  were  ordered  to  fire,  and  those  who  had  loaded 
muskets  obeyed  the  order,  with  some  effect,  which 
caused  the  mob  to  recoil.  The  soldiers,  learning  that 
the  track  had  been  obstructed,  commenced  their  march 
from  the  Camden  to  the  Washington  depot,  surrounded 
and  followed  by  the  mob,  preceded  by  Mayor  Brown 
and  a  strong  detachment  of  police.  The  mob  closed  in, 
and  attempted  to  cut  off  a  portion  of  the  rear,  which  be 
ing  hardly  pressed  was  ordered  to  fire,  which  they  did. 
Several  volleys  were  fired  by  a  small  portion  of  the  regi 
ment,  killing  eleven  and  wounding  four  of  the  rioters. 
Three  soldiers  were  killed  and  eight  seriously  injured. 
The  Massachusetts  regiment  finally  reached  the  Wash 
ington  depot,  and  were  sent  forward  to  the  city  of 
Washington.  The  train  was  repeatedly  fired  at  from 
the  hills  and  woods  along  the  route,  but,  providentially, 
no  one  was  injured.  The  Philadelphia  regiment  hav- 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  47 

ing  no  arms,  after  a  severe  hand-to-hand  fight  with  the 
mob,  returned  to  that  city. 

The  telegraph  wires  connecting  Baltimore  and  the 
free  States  were  cut,  and  the  railroad  bridges  northward 
and  north-westward  from  Baltimore,  on  the  railroads  to 
Philadelphia  and  Harrisburg,  were  burned,  thus  shut 
ting  off  Washington  from  all  communication  with  the 
Northern  States.  In  the  mean  time,  however,  the  North 
was  making  all  possible  haste  in  enlisting,  arming, 
equipping,  and  making  ready  for  the  field  her  noble 
and  patriotic  sons. 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  49 


ACTION  OF  NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


FAJRT    II. 


THE  people  of  New  Hampshire,  in  common  with 
those  of  New  England,  and  all  the  free  States,  were 
aroused  to  their  utmost  by  news  of  the  assault  upon 
Fort  Sumter.  The  feeling  of  indignation  was  intense. 
The  flag  of  the  common  country  had  been  assaulted  by 
insurgents  in  a  State  that  claimed  the  right  to  secede 
from  the  Union  so  dear  to  every  loyal  citizen  of  the 
country.  A  war  had  been  commenced  upon  the  Gov 
ernment  of  the  United  States  by  South  Carolina,  and  it 
only  remained  for  the  loyal  North  to  accept  the  situa 
tion.  Party  lines  were  for  the  time  forgotten,  and  men, 
without  scarcely  an  exception,  were  ready  to  do  their 
utmost  to  protect  and  sustain  the  Government.  The 
Capital  of  the  Nation  was  in  danger  of  capture  by  the 
rebels,  and  troops  must  be  sent,  without  delay,  to  defend 
it  from  their  threatened  attacks. 

New  Hampshire  had  no  organized  militia  that  could 
be  called  into  active  service.  The  enrollment  required 
by  law  had  been  so  imperfect  that  no  fair  and  equal 


50  TEE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

draft  could  be  made  upon  her  citizens  liable  to  be  called 
into  active  service,  in  case  of  insurrectjpn  at  home  or 
invasion  from  abroad,  and  it  only  remained  for  the  Gov 
ernor  to  call  for  volunteers  to  fill  the  quota  of  the  State — 
one  regiment  of  780  officers  and  men — under  the  call  of 
the  President  for  seventy-five  thousand  troops  for  three 
months'  service. 

Immediately  upon  the  receipt  by  telegraph  of  Presi 
dent  Lincoln's  Proclamation,  Ichabod  Goodwin,  then 
Governor,  issued  the  following  order : 

STATE  OF  NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENT,         1 
Concord,  April  16,  1861.  J 

To  JOSEPH  C.  ABBOTT,  Adjutant  and  Inspector-General  of 
the  New  Hampshire  Militia  : 

SIR  :  The  President  of  the  United  States  having,  in 
pursuance  of  the  act  of  Congress  approved  February  28, 
1795,  called  upon  the  State  of  New  Hampshire  for  a 
regiment  of  militia,  consisting  of  ten  companies  of  in 
fantry,  to  be  held  in  readiness  to  be  mustered  into  the 
service  of  the  United  States  for  the  purpose  of  quelling 
insurrection  and  supporting  the  government  : 

I,  ICHABOD  GOODWIN,  Governor  of  New  Hampshire, 
command  you  to  make  proclamation,  calling  for  volun 
teers  from  the  enrolled  militia  of  this  State,  to  the  num 
ber  required,  and  to  issue  from  time  to  time  all  neces 
sary  orders  and  instructions  for  enrolling  and  holding 
in  readiness  to  be  mustered  into  the  service  of  said  vol 
unteer  corps,  agreeably  to  the  aforesaid  requisition. 

ICHABOD  GOODWIN, 

Governor  and  Commander-in-Chief. 
By  the  command  of  the  Governor, 

THOMAS  L.  TULLOCK,  Secretary  of  State. 


ACTION  OF  NEW  HAMPSHIRE.  51 

The   foregoing  was   succeeded  immediately  'by   the 
following : 


STATE  OF  NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

ADJUTANT  GENERAL'S  OFFK 
Concord,  April  16,  1861. 


GENERAL  ORDER, 

No.  6. 


In  pursuance  of  a  proclamation  by  the  President  of 
the  United  States,  the  Governor  of  this  State,  in  a  pro 
clamation  dated  at  Concord  this  day,  has  ordered  the 
enlistment  of  one  regiment  of  infantry  within  the  State 
of  New  Hampshire,  to  be  held  in  readiness  for  service 
whenever  called  for. 

The  regiment  will  consist  of  one  Colonel,  one  Lieu 
tenant-Colonel,  one  Major,  one  Adjutant,  one  Quarter 
master,  one  Quartermaster-Sergeant,  one  Paymaster,  one 
Surgeon,  one  Surgeon's  Mate,  one  Chaplain,  one  Ser 
geant-Major,  one  Drum-Major,  and  one  Fife-Major. 

Each  company  will  consist  of  one  Captain,  one  First 
Lieutenant,  one  Second  Lieutenant,  four  Sergeants,  four 
Corporals,  two  Musicians,  and  sixty-four  Privates. 

The  officers  of  the  volunteers  will  be  commissioned 
according  to  the  laws  of  the  State  of  New  Hampshire. 

None  under  the  rank  of  commissioned  officers  will  be 
received  who  are  under  the  age  of  eighteen  or  over  the 
age  of  forty-five. 

Volunteers  who  shall  be  accepted  will  be  uniformed, 
armed  and  equipped  at  the  expense  of  .the  State,  and 
their  pay  will  be  the  same  as  that  of  the  corresponding 
rank  in  the  army  of  the  United  States. 

Any  military  company  at  present  existing,  or  any 
number  of  citizens  desirous  of  associating  for  the  sup 
port  of  the  laws  and  the  defense  of  their  country,  or  any 


52  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

individual  desirous  of  entering  upon  the  service  of  the 
United  States,  are  requested  to  report  themselves  to  this 
Department  forthwith. 

By  order  of  His  Excellency,  the  Governor  and  Com- 
mander-in-Chief. 

JOSEPH  C.  ABBOTT, 

Adjutant  and  Inspector-  General. 

To  raise  the  regiment  called  for  from  NQW  Hampshire 
by  the  President's  proclamation,  in  the  shortest  possible 
time,  enlistment  papers  were  immediately  issued  by  the 
Adjutant-General  for  twenty-eight  stations,  in  different 
parts  of  the  State,  and  offices  were  opened  for  the  en 
listment  of  soldiers  for  three  months'  service.  Col. 
Henry  0.  Kent,  of  Lancaster,  Major  Frank  S.  Fiske, 
of  Keene,  and  Col.  Jeremiah  C.  Tilton,  of  Sanbornton, 
were  appointed  aids  to  the  Adjutant  General,  to  assist 
in  obtaining  the  requisite  number  of  men,  and  send 
them  to  rendezvous  at  Concord,  as  soon  as  practicable. 
Daily  reports  were  required  to  be  made  by  the  several 
enlisting  officers  to  the  Adjutant-General,  of  the  number 
of  men  enrolled  by  each,  with  other  needed  information. 
The  greatest  activity  and  enthusiasm  was  manifested  in 
every  part  of  the  State,  and  almost  every  farm,  work 
shop  and  business  establishment  within  her  borders,  sent 
forth  its  representative  to  the  field. 

While  the  men  wrere  engaged  in  the  work  of  raising 
soldiers,  the  women  organized  and  were  making  flannel 
shirts,  drawers  and  other  articles  for  the  comfort  of  the 
soldiers  in  the  field,  and  gathering  linen  and  winding 
bandages  for  hospitals.  Every  individual  felt  that  there 
was  a  duty  to  perform  in  the  emergency  in  which  the 
country  was  placed  by  the  action  of  South  Carolina  and 
other  seceded  States  of  the  old  Union.  Public  meetings 
were  called  in  every  considerable  town,  which  were 
largely  attended  by  men  and  women ;  patriotic  speeches 


THREE  MONTHS'   TROOPS.  53 

were  made  and  measures  taken  to  encourage  enlistments, 
and  funds  pledged  by  individuals  and  towns  to  assist  the 
families  of  those  who  should  go  to  the  field. 

It  appearing  by  reports  from  the  different  recruiting 
stations  that  men  enough  had  been  enlisted  to  fill  the 
regiment,  orders  were  issued  on  the  24th  of  April  to 
take  them  to  Concord,  where  a  camp  was  established, 
and  CQ!.  John  H.  Gage,  of  Nashua,  was  ordered  to  as 
sume  command.  The  camp  was  upon  the  Fair  Grounds 
of  the  Merrimack  County  Agricultural  Society,  about  a 
mile  east  from  the  State  House.  Col.  Gage  called  it 
"  Camp  Union,"  by  which  name  it  was  afterwards 
known. 

Men  were  brought  in  by  companies  and  squads  from 
every  part  of  the  State,  and  it  was  soon  found  that  more 
than  enough  had  assembled  to  fill  the  regiment  called 
for,  when  it  was  determined  by  the  State  authorities  to 
organize,  arm,  equip,  and  make  ready  for  the  field,  and 
hold  subject  to  orders  from  the  War  Department  at 
Washington,  two  regiments,  of  seven  hundred  and 
eighty  officers  and  men  each.  To  this  end,  after  a  par 
tial  organization  of  the  first  regiment,  the  residue  of 
the  men  were  sent  to  Portsmouth,  with  a  view  to  plac 
ing  a  portion  of  them  in  Fort  Constitution  to  garrison 
that  post,  which  was  deemed  of  importance  to  the  se 
curity  of  the  sea-coast  of  the  State.  Brigadier  General 
George  Stark,  of  Nashua,  was  ordered  to  Portsmouth  to 
take  charge  of  the  men  and  the  preliminary  organization 
of  the  second  regiment,  and  arrived  there  on  the  30th 
of  April.  Col.  Henry  0.  Kent,  of  Lancaster,  was  placed 
in  charge  of  the  Quartermaster  Department.  The  camp 
at  Portsmouth  was  named  "  Camp  Constitution." 

The  following  is  the  whole  number  of  men  enlisted 
for  three  months,  between  the  17th  of  April,  when  the 
first  papers  were  issued,  and  the  30th  of  the  same  month, 
with  the  places  where  they  were  enlisted  and  the  names 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 


of  enlisting  officers.  This  will  show  that  New  Hamp 
shire,  though  with  no  organized  militia  which  could  be 
placed  immediately  under  the  orders  of  the  War  Depart 
ment,  like  Massachusetts  and  some  of  the  other  States, 
was  not  behind  them  in  zeal  and  devotion  to  the  cause 
of  the  country: 


Towns. 


Concord, 

Salem, 

Bradford, 

Portsmouth, 

Dover, 

Manchester, 

Newport, 

New  London, 

Lancaster, 

Laconia, 

Claremont, 

Conway, 

Hampton, 

Peterborough, 

Littleton, 

Plymouth, 

Keene, 

West  Lebanon, 

Contoocookville, 

Nashua, 

North  Stratford, 

Exeter, 

Niagara  Company, 

Abbott  Guards, 

Cheshire  Light  Guards, 

Mechanics'  Phalanx, 

Granite  State  Guards, 

Milford  ComDany, 


Enlisting  Officers. 

E.  E.  Sturtevant. 
J.  D.  Drew, 
M.  W.  Tappan, 
W.  0.  Sides, 
G.  W.  Colbath, 
J.  L.  Kelley, 
I.  McL.  Barton, 
A.  J.  Sargent, 
I.  S.  M.  Gove, 
W.  II.  Wyman, 
W.  P.  Austin, 
Joshua  Chapman, 
C.  F.  Dunbar, 

E.  Weston, 
W.  H.  Rowell, 
J.  H.  Thompson, 
H.  C.  Handerson, 

F.  Comings, 

J.  N.  Patterson, 
E.  0.  Greenleaf, 
S.  E.  Chase, 
C.  H.  Bell, 
A.  S.  Edgerly, 
W.  H.  D.  Cochrane, 
T.  A.  Barker, 
J.  N.  Bruce, 
Ichabod  Pearl, 
George  Gillis, 


Whole  number, 


2004 


Soon  after  the  arrival  of  the  men  at  Portsmouth,  and 
before  the  organization  of  the  second  regiment  was  com 
pleted,  orders  were  received  by  the  Governor  from  the 


THREE  MONTHS'  TROOPS.  55 

"War  Department  to  hold  in  readiness  for  its  call  one 
regiment  only  of  three  months'  men ;  and  to  enlist,  or 
ganize,  arm,  equip,  and  make  ready  for  service  one 
regiment,  of  ten  hundred  and  forty-six  officers  and  men, 
for  three  years,  or  during  the  war. 

On  the  19th  of  May,  by  direction  of  the  Governor,  a 
general  order  was  issued,  directing  that  the  opportunity 
to  enlist  in  the  three  years'  regiment  should  be  offered 
first  to  the  three  months'  men  assembled  in  the  camp  at 
Portsmouth.  Enlistment  papers  were  accordingly  dis 
tributed  on  the  21st,  and  four  hundred  and  ninety-six 
of  those  men  who  had  enlisted  for  three  months,  im 
mediately  re-enlisted  for  three  years,  or  during  the  war, 
as  follows : 

From  Claremont  Company,  53 

"      Lancaster  Company,  44 

"      Conway  Company,  20 

"      Milford  Company,  21 

"      Keene,  two  companies,  90 

"      Laconia  Company,  37 

"      Littleton  Company,  34 

"      Portsmouth  Company,  70 

"      Manchester,  two  Companies,  71 

"      Concord  Company,  56 

Whole  number,  496 

The  men  thus  re-enlisted,  having  left  their  business, 
families  and  homes,  for  an  absence  of  three  months  only, 
were  given  furloughs  of  from  three  to  six  days,  to  enable 
them  to  make  arrangements  for  such  absence  as  their 
new  enlistment  involved.  The  remainder  of  the  men 
enlisted  for  three  months,  were  then  carefully  examined 
by  a  surgeon,  a  portion  of  them  discharged  for  disa 
bility,  others  at  their  own  request,  274  sent  to  Fort 
Constitution,  in  Portsmouth  harbor,  to  serve  out  their 
term  of  enlistment,  and  38  returned  to  Camp  Union, 
Concord. 

Orders  had  been  sent  to  different  recruiting  stations 


56  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

to  enlist  men  to  fill  up  the  three  years'  regiment,  and  on 
the  26th  of  May  they  began  to  arrive  aj  Camp  Constitu 
tion.  Between  the  26th  and  30th  the  following  reported 
to  Gen.  Stark: 

Dover  Volunteers,  Capt.  Rollins,  99 

Exeter  Volunteers,  Capt.  Smith,  58 

Hampton  Volunteers,  Capt.  Dunbar,  42 

Rifle  Rangers,  Manchester,  Capt.  Carr,  100 
Goodwin  Rifles,  Concord,  Capt.  Griffin,  90 
Contoocook  Volunteers,  Capt.  Patterson,  72 
Canaan  Volunteers,  Capt.  Smith,  14 

Peterborough  Volunteers,  Capt.  Weston,       50 

"Whole  number,  .      525 

Re-enlisted  men,  496 

1021 

The  regiment  was  soon  filled  to  its  maximum  number, 
1046,  by  enlistments,  and  the  work  of  organizing,  officer 
ing,  uniforming,  arming,  equipping,  drilling  and  mak 
ing  it  ready  for  orders  from  the  War  Department,  was 
prosecuted  with  commendable  vigor. 

When  the  men  were  being  enlisted  for  these  two 
regiments,  no  one  either  north  or  south,  however  well 
informed,  seemed  to  appreciate  in  the  smallest  degree 
the  magnitude*  of  the  war  that  had  been  begun  at  Fort 
Sumter.  Many,  and  indeed  most  men,  believed  that 
before  our  men  could  be  made  ready  for  marching 
orders  the  rebels  would  abandon  their  mad  schemes,  by 
the  operation  of  the  sober  second  thought,  return  to  their 
homes,  and  that  the  service  of  the  75,000  three  months' 
troops  called  for  by  the  President,  would  not  be  re 
quired  ;  and  hardly  any  one  believed  that  the  two  sec 
tions  of  the  country  would  met  in  deadly  conflict.  A 
few  weeks  only  were  required  to  prove  how  fallacious 
were  all  speculations  upon  the  subject,  and  how  little 
the  people  of  one  section  of  the  country  knew  of  the 
temper  and  disposition  of  the  people  of  the  other  section. 


THREE  MONTHS'  MEN.  57 

FIRST   REGIMENT. 


THE  men  rendezvoused  at  Concord  were  placed  in 
hastily  constructed  barracks,  given  plenty  of  clean  straw 
for  bedding,  and  made  as  comfortable  as  circumstances 
would  admit,  though  they  had  to  wait  some  days  for 
blankets  and  other  needed  articles,  with  which  they  were 
afterwards  supplied.  Their  sleeping  accommodations 
were  very  different  from  what  they  had  been  accustomed 
to  at  home.  They  submitted  with  good  grace  to  what 
seemed  an  imperative  necessity,  and  made  themselves 
merry  over  their  beds  and  sleeping  apartments.  One 
man  from  Newport,  who  had  been  a  stage-driver  for 
many  years,  and  was  somewhat  famous  in  that  vicinity 
as  a  careful,  skillful  and  jolly  whip,  sent  to  a  fellow 
stage-man  the  following  message  :  "  I  want  you  to  send 
me  a  fork  to  pitch  up  my  bedding." 

These  men  were  many  of  them  from  the  best  families 
in  the  State,  and  enlisted  out  of  motives  of  pure  patriot 
ism.  The  country  needed  their  services,  and  they  gave 
them  with  alacrity.  No  bounties  were  offered,  and  the 
pay  to  which  they  were  entitled  was  the  same  as  that  of 
private  soldiers  in  the  regular  army — eleven  dollars  per 
month. 

The  men  began  to  arrive  in  camp  on  the  24th  of  April, 
and  were  soon  organized  into  squads  and  companies, 
temporarily  for  the  purpose  of  drill,  and  men  designated 
to  instruct  them,  the  camp  being  under  the  command 
of  Col.  John  H.  Gage,  of  Nashua,  who  was  a  year,  or 
two  afterwards  killed  by  the  accidental  discharge  of  a 
gun,  while  out  hunting.  The  regiment  was  perma 
nently  organized  as  follows : 

Colonel,  Mason  W.  Tappan,  of  Bradford. 

Lieut.  Colonel,  Thomas  J.  Whipple,  of  Laconia. 


58  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Major,  Aaron  F.  Stevens,  of  Nashua. 
Adjutant,  Enoch  Q.  Fellows,  of  Sandwich. 
Quartermaster,  Richard  N.  Batchelder,  of  Manchester. 
Paymaster,  Moses  K.  Hazelton,  of  Bradford. 
Surgeon,  Alpheus  B.  Crosby,  of  Hanover. 
Asst.  Surgeon,  Henry  C.  Shaw,  of  Hanover. 
Chaplain,  Stephen  G.  Abbott,*  of  Bradford. 
Sergt.  Major,  George  Y.  Sawyer,  of  Nashua. 
Quartermaster  Sergt.,  Albert  Lull,  of  Milford. 
Fife  Major,  Francis  II.  Pike,  of  Manchester. 
Drum  Major,  William  Carr,  of  Concord. 

The  Company  officers  were  as  follows : 

Co.  A,  Captain,  Louis  Bell,  of  Farmington;  First 
Lieut,,  George  W.  Colbath,  of  Dover;  Second  Lieut., 
Oliver  M.  Clark,  of  Dover. 

Co.  B,  Captain,  Daniel  R.  Kenney,  of  Sandwich ;  First 
Lieut.,  Charles  W.  Sawyer,  of  Dover;  Second  Lieut., 
Joseph  "W.  Wallace,  of  Dover. 

Co.  C,  Captain,  John  L.  Kelley ;  First  Lieut.,  Martin 
Y.  B.  Richardson;  Second  Lieut.,  Charles  0.  Jennison, 
all  of  Manchester. 

Co.  D,  Captain,  Ira  McL.  Barton;  First  Lieut.,  Ed 
ward  Nettleton;  Second  Lieut,  Dexter  G.  Reed,  all  of 
Newport. 

Co.  E,  Captain,  Richard  0.  Greenleaf;  First  Lieut., 
William  F.  Greeley;  Second  Lieut.,  John  W.  Thomp 
son,  all  of  Nashua. 

Co.  F,  Captain,  Augustus  S.  Edgerly;  First  Lieut., 
George  W.  Handley ;  Second  Lieut,  George  W.  Whip- 
pie,  all  of  Nashua. 


*Most  of  the  material  facts  of  which  the  history  of  this  regiment  is  composed  have  been 
famished  by  Rev.  Stephen  G.  Abbott,  its  worthy  Chaplain.  In  some  part*  of  it  his  lan 
guage  is  used,  and  in  others  it  ia  the  author's,  as  the  case  seemed  to  require. 


THREE  MONTHS'  TROOPS.  59 

Co.  G,  Captain,  Andrew  J.  Sargent,  of  New  London; 
First  Lieut.,  Horace  T.  H.  Pierce,  of  Keene;  Second 
Lieut.,  Charles  H.  Drummer,  of  Keene. 

Co.  H,  Captain,  Jeremiah  D.  Drew,  of  Salem ;  First 
Lieut.,  John  M.  Clark,  of  Salem;  Second  Lieut.,  Israel 
L.  Drew,  of  Lawrence,  Mass. 

Co.  I,  Captain,  Edward  E.  Sturtevant;  First  Lieut., 
Henry  W.  Fuller;  Second  Lieut.,  Enoch  W.  Goss,  all 
of  Concord. 

Co.  K,  Captain,  Oilman  E.  Sleeper,  of  Salem;  First 
Lieut.,  Enoch  Q.  Fellows,  of  Sandwich;  Second  Lieut., 
Hollis  0.  Dudley,  of  Manchester. 

COLONEL  MASON  W.  TAPPAN. 

Colonel  Tappan  is  a  son  of  the  late  "Weare  Tappan, 
for  many  years  a  lawyer  at  Bradford,  and  died  in  1866. 
Mason  was  born  at  Newport,  Sullivan  County,  October 
20,  1817,  and  at  an  early  age  removed  with  his  family 
to  Bradford,  in  Merrimack  County,  where  he  has  since 
resided.  He  fitted  for  college,  studied  law  with  his 
father  and  Hon.  George  W.  Nesmith,  of  Franklin,  now 
one  of  the  judges  of  the  Supreme  Judicial  Court,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1841. 

Colonel  Tappan  acted  with  the  Free  Soil,  American 
and  Republican  parties,  each  in  their  turn.  Although 
the  town  of  Bradford  was  largely  democratic,  such  was 
his  personal  popularity  with  his  fellow-townsmen  that 
he  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  successively  in  1853, 
1854  and  1855,  and  was  one  of  the  most  prominent,  in 
dustrious  and  able  members  of  the  House.  He  was  a 
candidate  for  Speaker  of  the  House  in  1854,  and  not 
withstanding  there  was  a  democratic  majority  in  that 
body  of  about  twenty,  came  within  two  votes  of  an  elec 
tion.  The  same  year  he  was  nominated  by  the  Whigs, 
Free  Soilers,  Independent  Democrats  and  Americans  for 


60  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

member  of  Congress  from  the  Second  District,  and  was 
elected  in  March,  1855.  He  was  twi«e  re-elected,  and 
served  in  the  34th,  35th  and  36th  Congresses,  with 
marked  ability,  and  to  the  acceptance  of  his  constitu 
ents.  In  the  34th  and  35th  Congresses  he  served  upon 
the  Judiciary  Committee,  and  in  the  36th  was  chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Claims. 

In  July,  1856,  Col.  Tappan  made  an  able  speech,  the 
House  being  in  Committee  of  the  Whole  on  the  state  of 
the  Union,  upon  the  subject  of  the  extension  of  slavery 
into  Kansas,  which  was  listened  to  with  marked  atten 
tion.  The  following  is  its  closing  paragraph  : 

"In  conclusion,  Mr.  Chairman,  let  me  say  that  we 
seek  no  quarrel  with  our  brethren  of  the  South.  This 
is  an  issue  which  they  have  forced  upon  us,  and,  with 
God's  blessings,  we  will  me1f  it  as  becomes  worthy  de 
scendants  of  patriotic  sires  !  You  sometimes  tell  us 
that  you  want  to  be  let  alone.  That  is  precisely  what 
we  intend  to  do.  We  will  interfere  with  none  of  your 
rights.  Whatever  is  '  nominated  in  the  bond/  that  we 
will  yield.  In  turn,  is  it  too  much  for  us  to  make  the 
same  request  of  you — that  you  will  let  us  alone?  If 
Slavery  be  a  blessing,  to  you  shall  inure  all  its  benefits. 
If  it  be  a  curse,  do  not  ask  to  place  it  upon  our  soil — to 
involve  us  in  its  guilt.  We  desire  to  cultivate  the  rela 
tions  of  peace  and  of  fraternal  kindness  with  the  people 
of  the  South." 

In  March,  1858,  Col.  Tappan  delivered  another  able 
speech  in  the  House  upon  Slavery  Agitation,  Nullifica 
tion,  and  the  Lecompton  Constitution,  in  which  he  said 
he  wished  "  to  put  on  record  the  protest  of  New  Hamp 
shire  against  what  I  conceive  to  be  the  most  stupendous 
political  fraud  that  was  ever  before  attempted  to  be  per 
petrated  upon  any  people  !  " 

In  the  36th  Congress,  in  the  winter  of  1860-61,  Col. 
Tappan  was  placed  upon  the  celebrated  select  commit- 


THREE  MONTHS'  TROOPS.  61 

tee  of  thirty-three — one  from  each  State — to  whom  was 
referred  so  much  of  the  President's  annual  message  as 
related  to  the  then  disturbed  state  of  the  country,  and 
joined  with  C.  C.  Washburn,  of  Wisconsin,  in  a  minor 
ity  report.  The  majority  had  agreed  to  and  submitted 
a  report  to  the  House,  recommending  amendments  to 
the  Constitution  which  would  give  to  the  South  all  and 
more  than  they  had  claimed  for  their  peculiar  institu 
tion.  The  minority  report  was  an  able  document,  and 
concluded  with  recommending  the  adoption  by  the 
House  of  the  following  resolution,  which  was  the  same 
as  had  been  offered  in  the  Senate  by  Mr.  Clark,  of  ^"ew 
Hampshire : 

"  Resolved,  That  the  provisions  of  the  Constitution  are 
ample  for  the  preservation  of  the  Union,  and  the  pro 
tection  of  the  material  interests  of  the  country ;  that  it 
needs  to  be  obeyed  rather  than  amended ;  and  our  ex 
trication  from  present  difficulties  is  to  be  looked  for  in 
efforts  to  preserve  and  protect  the  public  property  and 
enforce  the  laws,  rather  than  in  new  guarantees  for  par 
ticular  interests,  or  compromises  or  concessions  to  un 
reasonable  demands." 

When  the  minority  report  was  submitted,  on  the  5th 
of  February,  1861,  Mr.  Tappan  made  a  speech  in  the 
House,  defending  in  an  eloquent  and  forcible  manner 
the  position  he  and  his  associate,  Mr.  Washburn,  had 
taken.  He  declared  it  as  his  belief  that  no  compromise 
measures  could  be  adopted  by  Congress  which  would 
appease  the  fury  of  the  South  or  be  productive  of  any 
good.  He  also  declared  his  faith  in  the  patriotism  of 
the  mass  of  the  people  of  the  country  and  in  the  Consti 
tution  to  carry  the  nation  safely  through  the  crisis  then 
pending.  These  positions  were  justified  by  subsequent 
events. 

Col.  Tappan  was  appointed  by  members  of  the  House 
of  Representatives  on  the  Vigilance  Committee  at 


62  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Washington,  the  latter  part  of  the  winter  of  1861,  wheu 
the  very  atmosphere  of  that  localitf  seemed  charged 
with  treason,  and  was  most  zealous  and  active  in  watch 
ing  the  movements  of  rebels  resident  and  temporarily 
there  plotting  the  destruction  of  the  Capital  and  our 
national  existence. 

On  the  call  of  President  Lincoln  for  75,000  volunteers 
for  three  months,  Col.  Tappan  was  one  of  the  first  men 
in  the  State  to  enlist.  When  the  First  Regiment  was 
being  organized,  he  was  regarded  by  almost  everybody 
who  knew  him  as  the  proper  person  to  take  command 
of  it,  and  was  accordingly  appointed  and  commissioned 
Colonel  by  Gov.  Goodwin.  As  a  commander  he  was 
patriotic,  brave,  thoughtful  of  and  kind  to  his  officers 
and  men,  and  respected  by  all.  He  returned  to  the 
State  with  his  regiment  at  the  expiration  of  its  term  of 
enlistment,  and  was  mustered  out  with  it.  Afterwards, 
when  Col.  Whipple  resigned  the  command  of  the  Fourth 
Regiment,  it  was  offered  by  Gov.  Berry  to  Col.  Tappan, 
but  he  declined  it  for  the  reason  that  it  would  be  unjust 
to  Lieut.  Col.  Bell  and  other  officers  of  the  regiment. 
He  did  not  again  enter  the  arm}7.  As  the  subsequent 
regiments  were  organized  the  command  of  them  was 
earnestly  sought  by  scores  of  good  and  patriotic  men, 
while  Col.  Tappan  modestly  waited  the  call  of  his  coun 
try. 

Since  the  close  of  the  36th  Congress,  when  his  third 
term  in  the  House  of  Representatives  expired,  Col.  Tap- 
pan  has  devoted  himself  assiduously  to  the  practice  of 
his  profession,  and  is  regarded  as  among  the  first  law 
yers  in  the  State,  both  as  counselor  and  advocate.  He 
has  taken  an  active  part  in  nearly  every  political  can 
vass  in  the  State  for  the  last  fifteen  years,  delivering 
many  eloquent  and  effective  speeches  upon  pending 
issues. 


THREE  MONTHS'  TROOPS.  63 

As  a  citizen,  a  neighbor  writes  of  him  :  "  Mr.  Tappan's 
kindness  to  the  poor  and  afflicted;  his  fidelity  as  a 
friend;  his  sensitiveness  of  heart,  and  his  honor  in  hia 
profession,  are  proverbial  among  his  most  intimate  ac 
quaintances." 

From  the,  1st  to  the  4th  of  May  the  First  Regiment 
was  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States. 
The  State  uniformed  and  equipped  the  officers,  and  sup 
plied  the  regiment  with  tents,  camp  equipage  of  almost 
every  description,  sixteen  thorough  built  four-horse 
baggage  wagons,  a  two-horse  ambulance,  and  excellent 
horses  and  harnesses  for  the  whole ;  medical  stores, 
surgical  instruments,  provisions,  etc.,  sufficient  to  en 
able  the  men  to  support  themselves  for  weeks,  if  neces 
sary. 

Thus  equipped  the  regiment  embarked  on  board  the 
cars  at  Concord,  on  the  morning  of  the  25th  of  May, 
bound  for  the  seat  of  war.  The  train  consisted  of  eigh 
teen  passenger  cars  and  the  same  number  of  frieght  cars. 
The  novelty  of  the  event,  together  with  the  anxious  and 
tender  solicitude  of  friends,  drew  together  a  great  crowd 
to  witness  the  departure.  The  masses  which  packed 
the  area,  swaying  to  and  fro  at  every  movement;  the 
groups  of  friends  with  hearts  wildly  beating  against 
each  other  as  they  exchanged  parting  embraces  and 
kisses ;  the  sobs  and  cries  that  bespoke  the  tender  af 
fection  of  mothers,  sisters,  wives  and  loved  ones ;  the 
deep  sympathy  that  came  welling  up  from  all  hearts 
and  betraying  itself  in  the  anxious  and  tearful  counte 
nance  ;  all  this  in  strange  contrast  with  the  boisterous 
shouting  and  laughing  of  the  soldiers — some  of  which 
might  be  traced  to  recklessness,  but  much  more  to  a 
desperate  attempt  to  maintain  their  courage  and  cheer 
fulness — together  with  the  rousing  cheers  of  the  multi 
tude  as  a  final  farewell,  were  prominent  features  in  the 


64  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

picture,  which  will  not  soon  fade  from  the  memory  ot 
those  who  witnessed  the  scene,  and  especially  those  who 
were  actors  in  it. 

The  progress  of  the  regiment  thence  onward  was  one 
continued  ovation  through  all  the  inhabited  portions  of 
the  route.  Every  house  displayed  its  flag ;  the  husband 
men  left  their  fields  to  give  them  words  of  cheer ;  in 
villages  and  thickly  settled  districts  the  roadsides  were 
lined  with  the  inhabitants — men,  women  and  children, 
vieing  with  each  other  in  their  sentiments  of  honor  and 
words  and  deeds  of  encouragement.  At  Worcester, 
Mass.,  the  citizens  provided  a  magnificent  entertain 
ment  in  Mechanics'  Hall,  spread  upon  tables  sufficient 
to  accommodate  the  entire  regiment.  This  favor  was 
most  opportune  and  was  gratefully  remembered  by  the 
soldiers  during  their  campaign.  Leaving  Worcester 
the  regiment  proceeded  by  the  Sound  route  to  New 
York,  arriving  there  on  Sunday  morning,  May  26th, 
and  enjoyed  the  hospitalities  of  the  city.  The  soldiers 
were  entertained  at  the  Arsenal,  and  a  sumptuous  din 
ner  was  provided  for  the  officers  at  the  Astor  House. 

The  Sons  of  New  Hampshire  in  New  York,  number 
ing  four  hundred  and  fifty,  met  at  the  Brandreth  House, 
at  half-past  seven  o'clock  in  the  morning,  and  organized 
by  choosing  Charles  L.  Frost,  chairman,  and  John  P. 
March,  Secretary,  and  marched  to  the  steamboat  wharf 
to  meet  the  regiment.  On  this  occasion  and  before  the 
arrival  of  the  boat,  impromtu  speeches  were  made  by 
Dr.  W.  M.  Chamberlain,  H.  B.  Perkins  and  Judge  Pea- 
body.  It  was  also  resolved  that  they  should  form  an 
association  for  the  relief  of  New  Hampshire  soldiers, 
and  that  the  families  of  the  troops  should  be  cared  for 
in  the  absence  of  their  protectors,  all  present  pledging 
themselves  to  carry  out  the  project  to  the  fullest  extent. 
A  committee,  styled  a  Committee  of  Aid  and  Corre 
spondence,  was  appointed,  and  consisted  of  the  follow- 


THREE  MONTHS'  TROOPS.  65 

ing  gentlemen :  Robert  Colby,  New  London ;  W.  M. 
Chamberlain,  Hanover;  John  P.  March,  Rochester; 
Charles  E.  Soule,  Exeter;  Levi  P.  Morton,  Bristol; 
George  E.  Mendum,  Portsmouth ;  L.  L.  Britton,  Or- 
ford;  George  II.  Moore,  Concord;  John  L.  Hanson, 
Dover.  The  steamers  arrived  between  nine  and  ten 
o'clock,  and  while  the  men  were  disembarking,  Fred 
A.  Briggs,  of  Claremout,  then  clerk  ut  the  LaFarge 
House,  was  raised  upon  some  cotton  bales  and  ordered 
to  lead  the  singing  of  "  America  "  and  "  Old  Hundred," 
which  he  did  with  spirit,  while  the  whole  Association 
sung  most  enthusiastically.  They  sung  and  cheered  un 
til  they  were  hoarse,  and  as  Col.  Tappan  passed  by  them 
at  the  head  of  his  troops  the  excitement  was  intense. 
A  procession  was  formed  under  the  marshalship  of  Sid 
ney  Webster,  and  the  entire  body  marched  to  the  Bran- 
dreth  House,  where  a  beautiful  silk  flag  was  presented 
to  the  regiment  by  Judge  Bonney,  in  the  following 
speech  : 

"FELLOW  CITIZENS  AND  SOLDIERS  OF  NEW  HAMP 
SHIRE  : — We,  natives  of  the  Granite  State,  desire  to 
welcome  you  to  the  metropolis.  It  is  not  our  place  to 
inquire  why  you  are  here.  We  all  know  that  in  time 
of  old,  when  the  liberty  of  the  country,  and  the  people 
was  in  danger,  New  Hampshire  sent  a  large  number  of 
men  to  the  support  of  the  government.  We  know  that 
when  the  Constitution  was  subsequently  in  danger,  and 
when  it  was  sought  to  be  violated  in  the  halls  of  the 
Legislature,  New  Hampshire  sentforth  expounders  ablest 
of  them  all.  And  now,  when  the  cry  has  gone  forth  that 
the  country  is  in  danger  and  the  Constitution  unsafe, 
New  Hampshire  comes  to  the  rescue  as  of  old,  and  says 
the  Union  and  the  Constitution  shall  be  maintained. 
(Cheers).  Soldiers,  you  are  going  to  fight  a  great  fight 
— fight  in  a  great  cause,  and  for  great  principles.  It  is 
to  be  determined  now  whether  man  is  capable  of  self- 


66  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

government,  and  whether  we  have  a  government  at  all. 
"We  know  that  when  you  meet  danger  you  will  meet  it 
as  your  forefathers  did — without  fear.  We  of  the  Gran 
ite  State  desire  to  present  you  with  this  banner,  to  be 
borne  in  the  struggle.  It  bears  no  strange  or  unusual 
device.  It  is  the  old  Stars  and  Stripes,  the  device  of 
our  fathers,  grown  broader  and  broader  every  year  as  a 
new  star  has  been  added  to  the  glorious  constellation. 
It  is  that  untarnished  flag  which  has  never  suffered  dis 
honor  or  humiliation,  and  which  was  only  lowered  at 
Sumter  by  the  odds  of  seven  thousand  men  against 
seventy.  To  your  hands  we  intrust  the  banner,  feeling 
secure  that  it  will  be  nobly  borne,  and  that  the  words 
of  General  Dix :  '  If  any  man  attempts  to  haul  down 
that  flag,  shoot  him  on  the  spot,'  will  ever  accompany 
it.  This  is  not  the  time  for  talking.  We  will  present 
you  with  the  flag,  and  bid  you  '  Onward — God  speed/ 
Those  whom  you  have  left  behind  you,  and  those  you 
see  around  you,  will  come  to  your  aid  if  you  ever 
should  call  for  assistance,  and  to  this  end  we  all  pledge 
ourselves." 

Colonel  Tappan  replied  in  a  neat  and  appropriate 
speech,  substantially  as  follows  : 

"  Sons  of  New  Hampshire  in  New  York,  I  have  not 
words  to  thank  you  for  the  kind  manner  in  which  you 
have  greeted  us.  It  is  but  natural  for  us,  who  have  re 
cently  left  our  homes  and  bid  adieu  to  all  the  ties  which 
bind  us  there,  to  receive  gratefully  the  kind  attentions 
which  have  been  manifested  during  our  travels.  In 
fact,  our  progress  all  along  the  route  has  been  a  con 
tinued  ovation.  These  manifestations  of  a  free  people 
show  how  plainly  is  the  determination  to  maintain  the 
Union  in  all  its  integrity.  But  none  of  these  manifes 
tations  are  more  grateful  than  the  one  to-day.  I  will 
take  this  beautiful  flag,  and  promise  that  you  will  never 


THREE  MONTHS'  TROOP&.  67 

have  occasion  to  regret  that  you  gave  it  to  us — that  it 
never  will  be  tarnished  by  this  regiment,  but  that  every 
man  will  rally  to  its  protection.  We  know  that  this 
may  be  no  holiday  affair ;  but  we  have  counted  the  cost. 
It  is,  as  you  say,  no  time  to  inquire  what  we  are  here 
for.  It  is  to  be  determined  whether  one  State,  or  seven 
States,  can  secede  and  break  up  the  most  glorious  gov 
ernment  ever  devised  by  man.  (Loud  cheers.)  That 
flag  shall  never  be  dishonored,  I  can  assure  you,  gentle 
men." 

The  flag  was  paid  for  by  subscription  from  the  friends 
of  New  Hampshire  men  in  New  York  City.  The 
amount  of  subscription  was  put  at  three  dollars,  and  no 
greater  sum  was  received  from  any  one  person. 

A  New  York  paper,  in  giving  an  account  of  the  pas 
sage  of  this  regiment  through  that  city,  said  :  "  Accom 
panying  the  troops  were  one  hundred  and  sixteen 
horses,  sixteen  baggage  wagons,  containing  tents  and 
provisions  for  thirty  days,  and  one  hospital  wagon. 
There  were  also  in  attendance  sixteen  nurses,  who  took 
dinner  at  the  Astor  House.  The  troops  were  dressed 
in  a  gray  uniform,  and  armed  with  Springfield  muskets 
of  1847  pattern.  In  point  of  equipage  no  body  of  sol 
diers  was  ever  better  provided  for ;  and  as  for  fighting 
material,  they  even  excelled  the  Sixty-Ninth  (Irish) 
regiment  of  this  State." 

The  burial  of  Col.  Ellsworth,  of  the  New  York  Fire 
Zouaves,  who  was  shot  at  the  Marshall  House,  Alexan 
dria,  Ya.,  on  the  24th,  when  taking  down  a  rebel  flag, 
occurred  on  this  day,  and  the  funeral  procession  was  so 
extended  as  to  baffle  repeated  attempts  to  pass  through 
the  city  to  Jersey  ferry,  and  the  regiment  was  obliged 
to  stand  on  the  street  until  its  entire  length  had  passed. 

The  regiment  proceeded  to  Baltimore  by  railroad,  ar 
riving  there  about  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of 
Monday,  the  27th  of  Mav.  This  was  the  great  point  of 


68  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

interest  to  all  as  the  scene  of  the  first  blood  shed  in  the 
rebellion.  The  men  disembarked  frorrf  the  cars  and 
were  kept  waiting  nearly  two  hours  for  the  baggage 
train.  Perfect  order  and  quiet  prevailed,  though  the 
streets  were  thronged  with  citizens.  Many  words  of 
cheer  were  quietly  spoken ;  water  and  refreshments 
were  distributed ;  one  large  flag  was  stretched  across 
the  street  and  many  small  ones  were  flying  from  the 
windows,  and  occasionally  a  lady  was  seen  waving  her 
handkerchief.  With  these  exceptions  the  calm  was  evi 
dently  that  of  a  spirit  under  the  restraint  of  fear.  The 
Manchester  Cornet  Band,  which  was  attached  to  the 
regiment,  played  the  first  national  air  in  that  city  after 
the  murderous  assault  upon  the  Massachusetts  Sixth. 
It  was  "Yankee  Doodle,"  and  they  played  it  with  a 
will,  the  men  of  the  regiment  seeming  to  enjoy  it  all 
the  more  for  the  evident  annoyance  it  occasioned  to  a 
large  portion  of  the  bystanders.  At  a  late  hour  the 
regiment  marched  through  the  city  to  the  Camden  Sta 
tion  and  took  the  cars  for  Washington.  A  crowd  was 
collected  at  the  depot,  and  a  few  faint  cheers  rose 
above  the  noise  and  confusion  of  the  departure. 

The  regiment  arrived  at  Washington  at  half-past  one 
o'clock  on  Tuesday  morning,  May  28.  Early  in  the 
morning  the  regiment  marched  up  Pennsylvania 
Avenue,  passing  the  President's  house,  and  on  to  Ival- 
orama,  about  two  miles  out  of  the  city,  and  went  into 
camp.  Immediately  a  special  messenger  arrived  from 
the  President,  complimenting  Col.  Tappan  as  having 
the  best  appointed  regiment  that  had  thus  far  come  in 
to  Washington.  During  the  day  numerous  philan 
thropic  ladies  and  gentlemen  and  sanitary  committees 
visited  the  camp  and  inquired  after  the  wants  of  the 
men,  proffering  services  for  their  relief,  and  seemed 
almost  incredulous  when  told  they  needed  nothing.  It 
was  a  novelty  for  a  regiment  to  appear  at  Washington 


THREE  MONTHS'   TROOPS.  69 

prepared  to  take  care  of  themselves,  so  hastily  had  the 
troops  left  their  homes  to  rush  to  the  defense  of  the  na 
tion  capital 

"When  in  camp  the  religious  services  consisted  uni 
formly  of  singing  by  the  regiment  and  reading  of  the 
scriptures  and  prayer  by  the  Chaplain,  immediately 
after  the  dress  parade.  On  Sunday  there  was  added  a 
short  address  by  the  Chaplain.  While  at  Kalorama, 
very  many  spectators  of  all  classes,  from  Washington, 
congregated  to  witness  these  ceremonies,  and  among 
them  were  often  seen  President  Lincoln  and  family. 
Just  before  the  religious  services  on  the  1st  of  June, 
firing  was  heard  in  the  direction  of  Alexandria,  and  an 
unofficial  messenger  communicated  the  intelligence  that 
an  engagement  was  in  progress,  and  the  First  New 
Hampshire  Regiment  was  to  be  called  out,  which  cre 
ated  no  little  excitement  among  the  men,  not  one  of 
whom  had  ever  been  under  fire,  and  the  worthy  Chap 
lain  had  caught  something  of  the  infection.  A  discon 
nected  portion  of  his  prayer  on  that  occasion  has  often 
been  published  in  such  a  way  as  to  do  that  gentleman 
great  injustice.  It  was  to  the  effect  "  That  if  God  could 
make  it  consistent  with  his  purposes  concerning  us  as  a 
people  and  a  nation,  blood-shed  and  violence  might  be 
averted;  but  if  otherwise,  his  purpose,  justice,  liberty 
and  peace  demanded  the  sacrifice,  that  He  would  give  to 
our  soldiers  a  brave  heart,  a  firm  nerve,  a  steady  eye, 
and  send  the  missile  straight  to  its  mark."  The  alarm 
proved  to  be  a  false  one  and  the  excitement  soon  sub 
sided. 

At  seven  o'clock  on  Monday  morning,  the  10th  of 
June,  the  regiment  broke  camp  and  joined  a  brigade 
commanded  by  Col.  Charles  P.  Stone,  and  marched  to 
Rockville,  nineteen  miles.  The  day  was  very  warm,  and 
some  of  the  men,  overcome  by  the  heat,  fell  out  by  the 
way,  but  were  helped  forward  in  the  wagons  and  by  ofE- 


70  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

cers  who  dismounted  and  placed  them  upon  their  horses, 
Col.  Tappan  and  the  others  often  giving  *ip  their  horsea 
to  weary  and  over-heated  privates.  The  regiment  went 
into  camp  upon  the  Montgomery  County  Fair  Grounds, 
a  beautiful  spot,  and  named  it  Camp  Lincoln.  Here 
they  made  the  acquaintance  of  the  New  York  Ninth,  in 
this  wise :  While  on  the  march  from  Kalorama  the 
Ninth  was  behind  the  New  Hampshire  First.  When 
they  halted  at  noon  for  rest  and  refreshment,  the  Ninth 
marched  first  and  passed  our  regiment,  at  which  our 
boys  were  a  little  piqued,  considering  it  a  breach  of 
etiquette.  They  occupied  the  north  slope  of  the  Fair 
Ground  and  our  regiment  the  south.  At  the  dress 
parade  the  next  day  the  Ninth  came  out  first  and  were 
looked  upon  in  mute  curiosity.  The  First  followed  and 
did  their  best,  while  the  Ninth  watched  them  with  as 
tonishment  at  their  proficiency  in  drill,  and  expressed 
approbation  by  frequent  cheers.  After  the  parade  was 
over  the  First  returned  to  the  parade  ground  and  began 
vociferously  to  cheer  the  Ninth,  which  compliment  was 
enthusiastically  returned,  and  for  ten  minutes  the  two 
were  pitted  against  each  other  in  the  exercise  of  the 
vocal  organs  upon  the  highest  possible  pitch,  when  sud 
denly  the  Ninth  vaulted  the  fence  which  separated  them 
and  rushed  to  the  area;  the  First  accepted  the  challenge, 
and  instantly  not  less  than  fifteen  hundred  soldiers  were 
shaking  hands,  embracing  each  other,  shaking  the  earth 
with  their  cheers  and  stamping  and  literally  filling  the 
air  with  their  caps.  Such  a  scene  of  sinking  all  preju 
dice  in  the  cordial  greetings  of  kindred  spirits  it  is  not 
the  privilege  of  men  often  to  witness.  The  most  inti 
mate  friendship  ever  after  prevailed  between  them,  at 
tracting  the  notice  of  the  entire  brigade. 

The  people  of  Rockville  were  struck  with  the  utmost 
consternation  at  the  appearance  of  our  troops,  supposing 
that  "  beauty  and  booty  "  was  their  sole  errand.  This 


THREE  MONTHS'  TROOPS.  71 

impression  was  soon  dissipated,  however,  by  the  kind 
and  orderly  behavior  of  the  men.  The  men  were  gen 
erally  very  well  behaved  and  respected  the  property  of 
the  inhabitants,  while  there  were  a  few  who  were  much 
inclined  to  find  something  good  to  eat,  without  so  much 
regard  to  the  superior  claims  of  the  owners.  A  stutter 
ing  soldier  entered  a  house  and  asked  the  good  lady  to 
sell  him  some  pie,  who  replied,  "  We  don't  sell  pies  to 
your  kind  of  soldiers."  He  coolly  drew  his  pistol,  laid 
it  on  the  table,  sat  down  beside  it  and  began,  Yankee 
fashion,  to  ask  many  indifferent  questions.  Finally  he 
inquired,  "  Ho-ow-ow  long  do-does  it  t-t-take  to  bu-bu- 
build  a-a  house  d-d-down  here?"  "Wall  'bout  three 
months,  I  reckon,  if  we  work  right  smart."  "  D-d-does 
it?  (looking  around  the  room),  it  wo-wo-wont  t-take 
three  ho-hours  t-t-to  p-p-pull  it  d-d-down."  His  crea 
ture  wants  were  soon  supplied,  and  after  offering  to  pay 
he  bowed  himself  out  with  a  grateful  "  t-t-thank  you 
ma-a-am." 

But  one  Union  flag  was  displayed  in  the  place — show 
ing  that  secession  was  the  prevailing  sentiment — and 
this  was  in  the  yard  of  Rev.  L.  S.  Russell,  rector  of  the 
Episcopal  church,  and  a  son  of  Major  Russell,  of  Boston, 
of  Revolutionary  note.  There  were  a  few  other  Union 
families  there,  and  many  that  professed  Union  for  the 
occasion.  Court  was  in  session,  and  one  of  the  soldiers 
took  a  small  flag,  went  into  the  second  story  of  the 
court  house,  and  reaching  out  of  a  window,  stuck  the 
staff  into  a  joint  of  the  bricks,  where  it  remained  until 
the  regiment  left.  It  was  the  occasion  of  much  angry 
talk  and  many  threats,  but  no  one  dared  to  touch  it. 

On  the  14th  of  June  the  regiment  started  on  the 
march  to  Poolsville.  It  was  reported  from  Washington 
that  Harper's  Ferry  was  evacuated  by  the  rebels,  and 
that  they  were  liable  to  come  down  upon  the  small 


72  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

bodies  of  troops  stationed  as  guards  along  the  river. 
The  march  was  apparently  a  perilous  «ne,  but  the  ut 
most  cheerfulness  was  manifested  by  the  men.  The 
regiment  bivouacked  for  the  night  at  Darnestown,  nine 
miles  from  Rockville,  and  arrived  at  Poolsville,  nine 
miles  further,  about  noon  of  the  15th.  The  real  object 
of  this  movement  proved  to  be  to  guard  the  river  against 
the  rebels  who  might  contemplate  crossing.  There  be 
ing  a  large  force  of  rebels  at  Leesburg,  Va.,  five  miles 
inland  from  Conrad  Ferry,  fears  were  entertained  that 
they  would  attempt  to  cross  at  that  point.  On  the 
morning  of  the  17th,  Companies  A,  C,  E,  G  and  I  were 
sent  there  under  command  of  Lieut.  Col.  Whipple. 
When  within  about  a  mile  of  the  Ferry  the  rebels 
opened  fire  upon  them  with  rifles,  and  soon  after  with 
six  Ib.  cannon,  while  the  detachment  of  the  First  Regi 
ment  had  nothing  but  Springfield  muskets.  They  con 
tinued  the  fire  at  intervals  for  an  hour.  In  the  afternoon 
the  enemy  opened  fire  again  with  rifles  and  cannon,  and 
thus  continued  from  time  to  time  through  that  day  and 
the  day  following.  On  the  evening  of  the  17th  Col. 
Stone  ordered  Capt.  Gardoer,  of  the  Pennsylvania  Rifle 
men,  with  twenty  of  his  company,  to  the  Ferry,  who 
joined  in  the  fight,  firing  simultaneously  with  the  boys 
of  the  First  Regiment  into  the  smoke  of  the  enemy,  the 
only  indication  of  their  exact  position.  Here  the  firing 
on  both  sides  ceased.  The  rebels  acknowledged  the 
loss  of  one  captain  and  two  privates  killed  and  about 
twelve  wounded.  None  of  our  men  were  hurt,  though 
several  very  narrowly  escaped. 

As  soon  as  it  was  ascertained  that  the  firing  was  in 
the  direction  of  the  Ferry,  Col.  Tappan  started  with  the 
other  five  companies  of  the  regiment  for  the  scene  of 
action,  soon  after  which  he  met  a  messenger  who  noti 
fied  him  of  the  engagement.  He  was  soon,  however, 
overtaken  by  an  order  from  Col.  Stone,  to  return  and 


THREE  MONTHS'   TROOPS.  73 

guard  the  camp  from  an  anticipated  attack  from  another 
direction.  There  was  some  difference  of  opinion  as  to 
the  propriety  of  sending  so  many  men  to  the  Ferry, 
which  was  Col.  Stone's  plan,  Col.  Tappan  being  of  opin 
ion  that  a  simple  picket  would  be  less  likely  to  invite 
an  attack,  which  was  not  the  object  in  view. 

An  incident  occurred  here  worthy  to  be  recorded  to 
the  memory  of  the  actress.  Mrs.  Dr.  Brace  was  sitting 
by  the  Chaplain's  tent  door  when  the  firing  was  first 
heard.  She  mounted  her  horse  and  rode  home,  and 
immediately  wrote  the  following  note  to  the  Captain  of 
a  company  of  infantry  belonging  to  Poolsville.  The 
Captain  was  Union,  but  most  of  his  men  were  secesh : 

"  CAPT.  FLETCHER  : — Do  you  fight  under  the  Stars  and 
Stripes  ?  If  so,  up  and  be  doing !  Virginia  is  firing  upon 
Maryland!  Shall  WE  stand  idly  by  and  let  Northern  men 
protect  our  homes  and  firesides  ? " 

A  Miss  Susan  Dawson,  nineteen  years  of  age,  of  Daw- 
sonville,  Ya.,  whose  widowed  mother's  house  was  ever 
a  soldier's  home,  was  one  day  on  a  visit  to  her  uncle's, 
at  Poolsville.  The  uncle  being  absent  a  secesh  came 
to  the  door  and  demanded  a  stand  of  arms  that  the 
uncle  was  known  to  have  in  his  possession.  Her  aunt 
being  a  timid  woman,  Susan  went  to  the  door  and  re 
fused  to  give  them  up.  He  first  attempted  to  intimi 
date  her  by  insolence  and  threats,  but  finding  her  proof 
against  this  kind  of  tactics,  he  asked  to  see  the  arms., 
when  she  replied  : — "  The  arms  belong  to  the  State  of 
Maryland,  and  in  due  time  will  be  returned  to  the  State 
authorities.  You  can  neither  have  them  nor  see  them, 
and  the  sooner  you  are  off  the  better."  He  left  without 
further  parley. 

These  are  perhaps  fair  samples  of  the  spirit  of  the 
true  Union  women  met  with  in  Maryland  during  the 


74  THE  QREA  T  REBELLION. 

first  few  months  of  the  rebellion.  Their  boldness  and 
decision  might  well  have  been  emulated  by  many  pro 
fessed  Union  men  at  the  North  during  those  days,  when 
doubt  and  indecision  gave  to  the  rebels  courage  and 
hope. 

The  following  correspondence,  showing  the  state  of 
feeling  in  Maryland  at  that  time,  is  worth  a  place  here  : 

"  DARNESTOWN,  June  19,  1861. 

"REV.  MR.  ABBOTT, — Dear  Sir: — I  learned  through 
my  friend,  E.  S.  Hayes,  that  you  had  passed  through 
Darnestown  en  route  for  the  D.  C.,  and  would  return  to 
day,  and  concluded  I  would  write  you  concerning  some 
information  I  received  on  my  return  from  Poolsville  on 
the  same  day  you  arrived  at  that  place.  Mr.  N.  Almutt, 
who  owns  the  farm  located  on  each  side  of  Seneca 
Creek,  which  you  crossed  en  route  to  Poolsville,  and 
one  of  our  strongest  Union  men,  who  has  been  voting 
with  the  democratic  party  and  owning  slaves,  and  is 
one  who  I  know  would  not  misrepresent  the  conduct 
of  any  one.  I  stopped  at  his  house  on  my  return,  and 
he  was  somewhat  desponding.  I  inquired  the  cause, 
and  his  reply  was :  He  had  enough  to  discourage  the 
hope  of  non-interference  on  the  part  of  the  troops  with 
our  slaves. 

"  As  your  regiment  was  passing  by  his  farm,  his  farm 
hands  were  plowing  corn  in  a  field  bordering  on  the 
road,  and  as  the  men  moved  up  the  road  he  fol 
lowed  along  with  the  regiment  as  far  as  his  house,  and 
saw  several  of  your  men  beckon  to  his  servants  in  the 
field  and  ask  them  if  they  did  not  want  to  be  free,  &c. 
Now,  my  dear  sir,  this  is  all  wrong,  and  ought  to  be 
stopped. 

"  God  knows  I  speak  from  the  best  motives  and  with 
a  view  to  strengthen  the  Union  feeling.  Break  down 


THREE  MONTHS'  TROOPS.  75 

the  idea  of  interference,  and  ultimately  save  our  country, 
and  render  your  lives  more  comfortable  and  pleasant 
while  absent  from  your  families. 

"  I  hope  you  will  call  the  Colonel's  attention  to  this 
fact,  and  oblige 

"  Your  respectful  friend  and  well-wisner, 
"  JOHN  L.  DUFIEF, 

"  Darnestown,  Md. 

"  N".  B.  May  God  in  his  mercy  avert  this  horrible 
war,  and  all  learn  to  respect  the  laws  and  the  Constitu 
tion,  and  continue  as  a  nation  unto  the  end  of  time,  a 
happy,  prosperous  and  united  people.  Hoping  you  and 
j  our  friends  may  return  to  your  families  safely, 

"Remain  yours,  &c., 

"  J.  L.  D. 
"  If  convenient  should  be  please  to  hear  from  you.    D." 

"POOLSVILLE,  Md.,  June  21,  1861. 

"  JOHN  L.  DUFIEF,  ESQ. — My  dear  sir  : — Your  favor  of 
the  19th  inst.,  was  duly  received  and  read  with  great 
interest.  I  admire  the  frankness  with  which  you  speak, 
and  confide  in  the  spirit  and  motive  by  which  you  are 
actuated ;  and  I  assure  you  that  in  my  reply,  the  same 
frankness,  spirit  and  motive  shall  be  sacredly  regarded. 

"  It  seems  that  your  friend's  despondency  is  predi 
cated  solely  on  the  fact  that  he  '  saw  several  of  our  men 
beckon  to  his  servants  in  the  field  and  ask  them  if  they 
did  not  want  to  be  free,'  &c.  i  This,'  you  say,  '  is  all 
wrong  and  ought  to  be  stopped.'  I  fully  believe  his 
statement  and  agree  with  you  in  your  conclusion ;  and 
I  assure  you  that  should  any  of  our  men  be  detected  in 
tampering  with  the  slaves  for  the  purpose  of  aiding 
them  to  escape,  they  would  meet  with  severe  and  mer 
ited  punishment.  We  came  here  for  no  such  purpose, 
and  no  such  conduct  is,  or  will  be  tolerated  under  any 


76  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

ordinary  circumstances.  Whether  or  not,  in  a  seceding 
state,  slaves — as  property — would  be  considered,  contra 
band  of  war  and  subject  to  confiscation,  is  a  question 
upon  which  I  have  consulted  no  one,  and  can  give  no 
opinion.  One  thing  is  certain,  whatever  may  be  the 
sentiment  of  a  part  of  our  regiment,  with  regard  to  the 
moral  right  of  slavery,  we  have  come  here  with  the  in 
tention  of  recognizing  the  fact  of  property  in  slaves  and 
of  respecting  the  rights  of  citizens  who  hold  such  prop 
erty.  Now,  my  dear  sir,  with  this  possible  exception  you 
and  your  friends  from  the  District  of  Columbia  to  the 
Gulf  of  Mexico  may  rest  in  the  utmost  security.  Not  a 
slave  will  be  permitted  to  go  one  mile  or  rod  with  us, 
from  his  master,  with  our  knowledge. 

"  Now  to  be  a  little  more  definite  with  regard  to  the 
case  you  mention,  let  me  say,  first,  that  we  have  nearly 
a  thousand  men  with  us,  the  first  enlistment  of  volun 
teers  ;  and  can  any  rational  man  expect  or  even  demand 
that  there  should  be  no  rogues  among  them  who  would 
do  such  a  thing  merely  for  mischief?  I  do  not  know  of 
one  and  yet  there  may  be,  and  if  so,  should  that  discour 
age  Union  men  here  ?  or  should  the  whole  regiment  be 
held  responsible  for  it,  and  their  motive  be  impugned 
for  it  ? 

"  Again.  If  you  and  your  friend  were  as  well  ac 
quainted  with  Yankee  character  as  I  am,  you  would  be 
more  amused  than  alarmed  at  such  questioning.  We 
are  constitutionally  and  hereditarily  addicted  to  asking 
questions,  and  the  propensity  to  gratify  curiosity  is  as 
irresistible  as  the  current  of  a  mighty  river.  Hence  the 
same  question  has  always  been  asked  by  northerners, 
both  pro-slavery  and  anti-slavery,  in  traveling  south.  It 
is  simply  a  wish  to  know  for  themselves  what  they  learn 
by  testimony.  I  feel  the  same  curiosity  myself,  though 
I  have  wholly  restrained  it,  on  account  of  the  extreme 
sensitiveness  of  the  people  just  at  this  time.  I  very 


THREE  MONTHS'  TROOPS.  77 

seriously  doubt  whether  a  man  in  our  company  had  any 
other  motive  in  the  questions  they  asked. 

"  I  thought  when  I  left  home,  and  every  day's  march 
and  every  day's  residence  here  confirm  the  opinion,  that 
a  more  intimate  social  acquaintance  of  the  people  North 
and  South  will  do  more  than  all  the  bayonets  in  the 
country  to  harmonize  feeling  and  effect  a  desirable  and 
permanent  peace  as  it  respects  the  masses.  When  they 
are  right,  all  is  right.  God  knows  that  such  a  peace  is 
the  one  great  desire  of  the  masses  of  the  North,  and  I 
doubt  not  the  same  is  true  of  the  South  also. 

"  Our  arms  are  not  taken  up  for  the  purpose  of '  inva 
sion,'  or  for  *  blotting  out  the  South,'  but  simply  to 
stand  by  and  defend  the  government  and  the  glorious 
old  flag,  which  have  been  assailed.  Let  us  now,  my 
dear  sir,  believe  each  other,  trust  each  other,  be  charit 
able  towards  each  other  and  stand  shoulder  to  shoulder 
in  the  cause  upon  the  success  of  which  depend  our  se 
curity,  our  prosperity  and  the  value  of  all  our  prized 
institutions.  Let  us  devoutly  pray  to  the  God  of  na 
tions  that  right  and  justice  may  prevail  and  peace  be 
speedily  restored. 

"  I  designed  to  say  in  another  connection  that  slaves 
are  daily  sent  into  camp  on  business  whose  masters 
have  repeatedly  expressed  the  utmost  confidence  in  our 
men.  And  slaves  are  all  the  time  at  work  in  a  field  ad 
joining  our  camp,  and  no  fears  are  expressed,  because, 
I  firmly  believe,  no  occasion  for  fear  is  given. 

"  Let  me  say  in  conclusion,  that  I  cannot  hold  myself 
bound  to  reply  to  letters  upon  this  subject,  because  we  do 
not  propose  any  such  interference  as  is  suggested;  but 
knowing  the  kind  spirit  in  which  you  write  I  am  very 
happy  to  respond,  and  shall  be  happy  to  acknowledge  any 
further  correspondence  with  you.  I  have  written  this  in 
great  haste,  that  it  may  go  by  a  messenger  about  leav- 


78  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

ing,  and  you  are  at  liberty  to  make  such  honorable  use 
of  it  as  you  please. 

"  Respectfully  your  friend  and  brother, 
"  S.  G.  ABBOTT, 
"  Chap.  1st  K  H.  Vol.  M." 

The  regiment  remained  at  Poolsville  twenty-one  days, 
and  guarded  about  fifteen  miles  of  the  river,  night  and 
day,  besides  doing  much  guard  and  picket  duty  in  other 
directions.  For  days  at  a  time  they  had  not  less  than 
twenty  miles  of  sentinels,  so  near  to  each  other  that  the 
discharge  of  a  musket  would  in  a  few  minutes  alarm 
every  man  in  the  regiraent. 

As  has  been  remarked,  the  men  of  this  regiment  gen 
erally  respected  the  rights  and  property  of  the  inhabit 
ants  in  the  vicinity  of  their  camp,  though  there  were 
occasional  complaints  made  to  the  Colonel  of  their 
depredations.  One  morning  a  citizen  entered  a  com 
plaint,  and  the  Colonel  soon  after  met  a  squad  of  the 
boys  who  he  suspected  might  have  been  concerned  in 
the  appropriation  of  certain  fowls  which  were  missing, 
and  told  them  with  apparent  seriousness  that  they  had 
got  themselves  into  trouble.  "  Why,"  said  one  of  them, 
"  what  is  the  trouble  ?  "  "  Mr.  A.  says  he  has  lost  eleven 
geese."  "  Eleven  geese !  did  he  say  any  thing  about 
his  pigs  ?  "  This  was  a  little  too  much  for  the  Colonel's 
gravity,  and  he  passed  on  with  a  snuff  and  a  laugh  that 
any  one  would  appreciate  who  has  seen  him.  and  nobody 
else  can. 

One  day  the  Staff  found  upon  the  dinner-table  a  roast 
pig,  of  which  they  all  ate  freely,  asking  no  questions. 
Soon  after  all  were  sick  except  the  Chaplain,  whose 
escape  the  others  jocosely  attributed  to  the  fact  that  he 
had  become  used  to  such  food ;  whereupon  he  retorted 
that  it  was  not  so,  but  because  he  was  not  aware  that 
the  pig  was  stolen,  while  they  were. 


THREE  MONTHS'  TROOPS.  79 

The  regiment  acquired  and  retained  the  reputation 
through  its  division  of  the  army  for  great  fearlessness 
and  daring,  and  passed  everywhere  by  the  sobriquet 
of  "  The  NQW  Hampshire  Wild  Cats."  It  was  no  un 
common  thing  for  them  to  meet  rebel  pickets  midway 
of  the  river  by  swimming  or  fording,  drink  each  other's 
health,  mutually  curse  the  war,  and  return  to  duty. 
H.  M.  Prescott,  of  Bristol,  swam  across  the  river,  un 
moored  a  boat,  and  pushed  it  before  him  till  he  thought 
it  safe  to  get  in.  He  was  hardly  seated  before  a  rebel 
ball  passed  between  his  arm  and  side,  glanced  upon  the 
side  of  the  boat,  spent  itself  in  the  stern,  and  rolled 
back  to  his  feet,  whereupon  he  jumped  into  the  water 
and  pushed  the  boat  across.  Such  incidents  were  not 
infrequent  during  this  encampment. 

On  the  3d  of  July  that  portion  of  the  regiment  which 
was  stationed  at  Conrad  Ferry,  broke  camp  and  marched 
eight  miles  to  the  mouth  of  the  Monocacy,  a  branch  of 
the  Potomac,  where  they  spent  the  Fourth.  That  part 
of  the  regiment  which  was  stationed  at  Edward's  Ferry, 
five  miles  below  Conrad,  arrived  at  Monocacy  on  the 
morning  of  the  5th,  just  in  season  to  join  the  advance 
before  marching  to  Point  of  Rocks,  a  dirty  little  secesh 
village,  six  miles  from  Monocacy.  The  day  before  their 
arrival  the  proprietor  of  the  St.  Charles  Hotel  had  re 
fused  Col.  Stone  entertainment,  whereupon  he  marched 
up  a  company  of  men,  took  military  possession  and 
run  the  hotel  on  his  own  account.  Here  the  men  saw 
the  cars  for  the  first  time  since  leaving  Washington. 

On  the  6th  of  July  a  detachment,  under  command  of 
Col.  Tappan,  moved  by  cars  to  Sandy  Hook,  twelve 
miles,  opposite  Harper's  Ferry,  and  in  the  night  orders 
were  received  to  send  all  the  baggage  that  could  be 
spared  to  Frederick,  leave  the  tents  behind  in  charge 
of  a  guard,  and  prepare  for  rapid  movements.  At  noon 


80  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

on  the  7th  the  reserve  was  sent  up  by  cars  to  Sandy 
Hook.  It  was  Col.  Stone's  design  to  *cross  the  river 
and  take  possession  of  Harper's  Ferry,  believing  that 
the  best  base  of  operations  for  that  department.  Be 
fore  the  movement  was  made,  however,  a  messenger 
was  sent  down  the  river  from  Gen.  Patterson  with 
orders  to  advance  to  Williamsport  and  join  him  in  the 
pursuit  of  Johnston. 

At  7  o'clock,  P.  M.,  they  marched  again,  keeping  the 
Maryland  side  of  the  river,  and  arrived  at  Sharpsburg, 
twelve  miles,  at  two  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  7th, 
and  at  Williamsport,  twelve  miles  further,  in  the  after 
noon,  immediately  forded  the  river,  and  trod  for  the 
first  time  the  sacred  soil  of  Virginia.  Here  they  again 
joined  the  New  York  Ninth  and  other  regiments  of  the 
brigade. 

At  four  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  8th  of  July  the 
entire  command  of  Col.  Stone  marched  for  Martinsburer, 

O  " 

twelve  miles,  arriving  there  at  noon,  and  joined  the 
command  of  Gen.  Patterson,  between  Williamsport 
and  Martin sburg.  Patterson  had  his  running  fight 
with  Johnston,  called  the  battle  of  Falling  Waters,  from 
a  small  but  very  rapid  brook  of  pure  cold  water.  The 
prostrate  fences,  torn  and  prostrate  trees,  riddled  and 
demolished  houses  and  fresh  graves  by  the  road  side, 
indicated  the  field  of  action.  A  rebel  ball  crashed 
into  the  corner  of  the  roof  of  a  house,  arid  through 
the  aperture  was  run  up  the  Union  flag. 

About  sixteen  thousand  troops  were  concentrated  here, 
and  it  was  the  design  to  march  the  following  day  in  pur 
suit  of  Johnston,  but  it  was  subsequently  determined 
to  postpone  the  march  until  further  orders,  though 
it  was  then  regarded  of  great  importance  to  prevent 
him  from  marching  from  Winchester  to  re-enforce  the 
army  at  Manassas.  Gen.  Patterson's  action  in  this 
matter  was  a  mystery,  and  after  a  thorough  investiga- 


THREE  MONTHS'  TROOPS.  81 

tion  of  the  circumstances  he  was  superseded  by  Gen. 
1ST.  P.  Banks,  of  Massachusetts. 

The  clothes  of  the  men  had  become  very  much  worn 
and  they  were  almost  shoeless.  What  new  pants  they 
had  were  distributed,  but  not  a  pair  of  shoes  could  be 
obtained.  Necessity  is  the  mother  of  invention.  Lieut. 
George  W.  Colbath,  of  Dover,  was  detailed  to  head  the 
force;  leather,  thread,  awls  and  hammers  were  ob 
tained  ;  pegs  were  made  with  knives,  and  soon  several 
shoemaker's  shops  were  extemporized  and  in  full  opera 
tion  in  the  grove  where  the  regiment  was  encamped; 
the  old  shoes  were  mended,  and  the  men's  feet  thus 
made  comfortable  for  the  time. 

The  boys  were  obliged  to  make  all  sorts  of  shifts  to 
cover  their  nakedness.  Three  of  them  got  a  sutler's 
sign,  painted  upon  cotton  cloth — "  Pies  and  Cakes," 
divided  it  into  three  parts,  and  patched  the  seats  of 
their  pantaloons  with  it.  Their  positions  were  together 
in  the  line,  and  when  on  parade  it  read  from  right  to 
left  of  the  company,  "  PIES  AND  CAKES,"  to  the  no  small 
amusement  of  the  regiment. 

Another  man  patched  the  seat  of  his  pantaloons  with 
the  discarded  covering  of  a  ham,  plainly  marked  in  cir 
cular  form,  "  SUGAR-CURED  HAMS,  FOR  FAMILY  USE." 

An  institution  of  the  regiment,  and  indeed  of  the 
army,  was  the  fife-major,  Francis  H.  Pike,  of  Man 
chester.  Any  attempt  to  describe  his  personal  appear 
ance  would  be  futile.  He  could  only  be  appreciated 
after  having  been  seen,  in  full  uniform,  baton  in  hand, 
at  the  head  of  the  regiment.  Those  who  never  saw 
him  thus  have  yet  to  see  a  fife-major.  He  had  left  his 
gaudy  uniform  at  Point  of  Rocks  and  had  on  only  a 
fatigue  cap  and  blouse.  Walking  up  to  the  hotel  door, 
where  a  guard  was  stationed  with  strict  orders  to  let 
none  pass  in  but  commissioned  officers,  he  was  sud- 


82  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

denly  brought  to  a  halt.  Drawing  himself  up  to  his 
full  height  and  looking  down  upon  tlie  sentinel  with 
the  utmost  indignation,  he  calmly,  but  with  great 
authority  asked — "Do  you  know  who  I  am,  sir?" 
The  sentinel  felt  the  majesty  of  his  speech  and  meekly 
inquired,  "  Are  you  an  officer?"  "What  do  I  look 
like,  sir?"  replied  the  indignant  fife-major.  "Pass," 
was  the  laconic  answer. 

On  Monday,  July  15,  at  five  o'clock  in  the  morning, 
the  regiment  with  the  rest  of  the  division  under  Gen. 
Patterson — consisting  of  twenty-seven  regiments  and 
six  hundred  wagons — were  on  the  march,  and  all  hearts 
were  fired  with  enthusiasm  when  they  found  themselves 
on  the  road  to  "Winchester.  The  rebels  were  scattered 
along  the  road  in  small  companies,  but  fled  on  the  ap 
proach  of  the  Union  army.  A  few  cannon  shots  were 
occasionally  exchanged,  but  no  one  was  injured.  They 
arrived  at  Bunker  Hill,  ten  miles  from  Martinsburg, 
about  two  o'clock,  P.  M.,  and  encamped  on  ground  just 
vacated  by  the  rebels,  a  small  force  of  whom  retreated 
from  Bunker  Hill  with  the  utmost  haste.  They  were 
now  within  fifteen  miles  of  Winchester,  and  were 
elated  with  the  expectation  of  being  led  next  morning 
to  that  place,  either  to  engage  the  enemy  or  to  inter 
cept  and  prevent  him  from  re-enforcing  the  army  at 
Manassas. 

The  day  was  passed  in  a  feeble  reconnoisance  in  the 
direction  of  Winchester,  with  no  results.  The  next 
morning,  the  17th,  at  day  light,  instead  of  advancing 
on  Winchester,  a  retreat  to  Charlestown,  twelve  miles, 
was  commenced.  It  now  became  quite  evident  that 
there  was  no  design  on  the  part  of  Gen.  Patterson  to 
meet  the  enemy.  The  army  marched  into  the  village 
of  Charlestown  about  noon,  taking  the  people  by  sur 
prise.  The  men  were  discouraged  and  demoralized. 


THREE  MONTHS'   TROOPS.  83 

They  had  several  times  expected  to  meet  the  rebels, 
and  had  as  often  been  disappointed,  which  they  charged 
upon  Gen.  Patterson. 

Charlestown  was  a  place  of  more  than  ordinary  inter 
est  to  the  troops  as  the  scene  of  John  Brown's  imprison 
ment,  trial  and  execution.  The  court  house,  jail  and 
the  site  of  the  gallows,  were  visited  by  thousands,  and 
anything  that  could  be  gathered  in  the  form  of  relics, 
was  carried  away. 

On  the  night  of  the  18th,  Capt.  Kelley's  company, 
while  on  picket,  captured  a  horse  and  carriage  with  two 
men.  They  also  arrested  two  negroes  at  different  times, 
who  proved  to  belong  to  the  same  master,  and  both 
told  the  same  story,  as  follows :  Their  master  was  in 
the  rebel  army ;  their  overseer,  who  lived  two  miles 
out  of  the  village,  was  captain  of  a  company  of  local 
militia.  On  the  approach  of  our  arrny  he  disbanded 
the  company;  secreted  their  arms  under  the  eaves  of 
the  Court  House  ;  hid  his  uniform,  and  went  home.  A 
report  was  made  in  the  morning  at  head-quarters  and  a 
search  was  ordered.  Lieut.  Nettleton,  of  Co.  D,  being 
that  day  Lieutenant  of  the  guard,  commenced  the  search 
in  the  attic,  but  found  nothing,  when  he  was  informed 
by  a  citizen  that  he  helped  bury  the  arms  in  the  cellar 
of  the  Court  House,  whereupon  Lieut.  Kettleton  set  a 
squad  of  the  Massachusetts  Twelfth  to  digging,  Capt. 
Barton  being  present  and  assisting.  Forty-three  stand 
of  arms  were  found,  which  were  carried  away  by  the 
Massachusetts  Twelfth,  who  claimed  the  credit  of  the 
discovery.  All  the  County  records,  stationery,  &c., 
were  found  here,  evidently  buried  in  great  haste.  Lieut. 
Nettleton,  with  a  squad  of  men,  surrounded  a  house  and 
arrested  a  rebel  Lieutenant  and  his  accomplices,  secur 
ing  their  arms. 

On  the  night  of  the  20th  the  regiment  received  the 
first  information  of  fighting  at  Manassas,  and  in  the 


84  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

night  received  orders  to  cook  one  day's  rations.  On 
the  morning  of  the  21st,  the  day  of  the  battle  of  Bull 
Hun,  the  division  marched  to  Harper's  Ferry,  six  miles, 
and  encamped  on  Bolivar  Hights.  Before  marching 
from  Charlestown,  Col.  Stone  gave  orders  to  his  com 
mand  that  any  man  stealing  from  the  citizens  should 
have  his  head  shaved  and  be  drummed  out  of  the  camp, 
as  the  least  punishment.  Said  he,  "  I  never  was  in  or 
saw  an  army  that  conducted  as  this  did  at  Bunker  Hill, 
the  New  Hampshire  First  excepted." 

Gen.  N.  P.  Banks  was  appointed  to  supersede  Gen. 
Patterson,  and  arrived  on  the  night  of  the  24th  and  as 
sumed  the  command,  much  to  the  gratification  of  offi 
cers  and  men,  all  of  whom  had  looked  upon  the  latter 
with  distrust  for  some  weeks.  The  change  of  cam- 
maiulers  inspired  the  men  with  new  spirit  and  confi 
dence  in  the  ultimate  success  of  the  cause  for  which 
they  had  been- called  from  the  peaceful  walks  of  life. 

On  the  28th  the  First  Regiment  moved  three  miles  to 
Sandy  Hook,  where  they  went  into  camp  and  remained 
until  the  2d  of  August,  when,  their  term  of  enlistment 
having  expired,  they  embarked  on  board  the  cars  for 
New  Hampshire.  They  were  paid,  mustered  out  of 
service  and  discharged  at  Concord  on  the  12th  of 
August,  1861. 

The  casualties  in  the  regiment  were  as  follows : 

Discharged  before  leaving  the  State,  3 

Discharged  by  reason  of  disability,  13 

Discharged  by  court-marshal,  2 

Deaths  from  different  causes,  4 

Captured  by  the  enemy,  5 

Transferred  to  2d  N.  II.  Regiment,  1 

Deserted,  7 

Total,  35 


THREE  MONTHS'  TR001S.  80 

Although  the  First  New  Hamsphire  Regiment  did 
not  have  the  privilege  of  inscribing  any  pitched  battles 
upon  their  banner — which  was  no  fault  of  their's — they 
yet  rendered  very  arduous  and  important  service  to 
the  country,  at  a  time  when  to  hesitate  was  to  be  lost, 
and  never  shirked  any  duty  which  they  were  called  to 
perform,  or  which  the  imperiled  country  required  at 
their  hands.  Many,  if  not  most,  of  the  men  of  this  sub 
sequently  re-enlisted  and.  served  in  other  New  Hamp 
shire  regiments  with  honor  and  distinction.  Lieut. 
Col.  Whipple  was  made  Colonel  of  the  Fourth;  Major 
Stevens  was  Colonel  of  the  Thirteenth;  Adjutant  Fd- 
lows  was  Colonel  of  the  Third,  and  also  of  the  Ninth ; 
Capt.  Bell  was  Colonel  of  the  Fourth  on  the  resignation 
of  Col.  Whipple;  Capt.  Barton  was  Lieut.  Colonel  of 
the  Heavy  Artillery ;  Quartermaster  Batchelder  served 
in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  as  Brigade  and  Division 
Quartermaster,  with  honor  to  the  State ;  Surgeon 
Crosby — who  unlike  many  surgeons  in  the  army  then 
and  subsequently,  knew  and  kindly,  carefully  and  faith 
fully  administered  to  the  needs  of  the  men,  and  will 
ever  be  remembered  with  great  respect — rendered  most 
valuable  service  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  Chap 
lain  Abbott,  than  whom  no  regiment  ever  had  a  more 
patriotic,  faithful  and  industrious  one,  returned  to  his 
high  calling  and  has  labored  consistently  for  the  salva 
tion  of  the  souls  of  men.  He  compiled  a  small  book, 
containing  thirty  or  forty  hymns,  for  the  use  of  his  regi 
ment,  which  was  the  first  one  of  its  kind  in  the  army. 
Capt.  Sturtevant  was  Major  of  the  Fifth  Regiment  and 
was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg ;  Capt.  Drew 
was  Lieut.  Colonel  of  the  Fourth ;  Lieut.  Sawyer  was 
Major  of  the  Fourth;  Lieut.  Fuller  was  Adjutant  of 
the  Fourth ;  Capt.  Kelley  was  afterwards  Brigade  Quar 
termaster  ;  Captains  Greenleaf  and  Sleeper,  and  Lieuts. 
Clough  and  Wallace  were  Captains  in  the  Fourth; 


86  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Lieut.  Israel  L.  Drew  was  First  Lieut,  in  the  Fourth, 
and  died  at  Annapolis;  Fife-Major  Pike  was  Principal 
Musician  in  the  Fourth.  Other  commissioned  and  non 
commissioned  officers  and  privates  served  in  different 
organizations,  with  the  ever  varying  fortunes  of  war. 

New  Hampshire  has  many  reasons  for  pride  in  its 
First  Regiment  and  the  officers  and  men  who  com 
posed  it. 


ACTION  OF  THE  STATE.  87 


ACTION  OF  THE  STATE. 


THE  annual  session  of  the  Legislature  commenced  at 
Concord  on  the  5th  of  June,  1861.  On  the  6th  Gov 
ernor  Goodwin  delivered  a  valedictory  address,  which 
contained  the  following  paragraphs  : 

"  Since  the  last  session  of  the  General  Court  a  revolu 
tion  against  the  progress  of  civilization  and  the  liberties 
of  the  people  has  been  attempted  in  our  country.  This 
revolution  has  been  for  years  in  preparation,  and  derives 
its  principal  strength  from  the  efforts  and  influence  of 
men  holding  place  under  the  General  Government,  who 
have  conspired  to  overthrow  that  Constitution  which  it 
was  their  solemn  and  imperative  duty  to  uphold.  This 
gigantic  conspiracy  against  liberty  and  law  developed 
during  the  past  winter  a  formidable  organization  for 
the  destruction  of  the  best  government  which  good 
men  ever  formed;  against  which  bad  men  ever  con 
spired;  and  that  our  government,  controlled  as  it  has 
been  to  a  great  extent  by  its  enemies,  has  not  been  en 
tirely  overthrown,  is  to  be  attributed  to  the  self-adjusting 
power  of  free  institutions,  and  the  virtues  and  energies 
of  a  free  people. 

"  While  it  was  yet  uncertain  how  far  this  rebellion 
would  extend,  and  with  an  earnest  desire  that  nothing 
which  honorable  men  could  either  ask  or  grant  should 
be  left  untried,  to  preserve  a  Union  consecrated  by  so 
many  hallowed  memories,  and  hitherto  attended  by 
such  unexampled  prosperity,  I,  in  compliance  with  the 
unanimous  recommendation  of  our  delegation  in  Con- 


88  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

gress,  and  in  accordance  with  my  own  views  of  duty, 
requested  the  Hon.  Amos  Tuck,  the  Bfen.  Levi  Cham 
berlain,  and  the  Hon.  Asa  Fowler  to  attend  as  Commis 
sioners  for  this  State,  the  Convention  which  assembled 
at  Washington  on  the  4th  of  February  last,  upon  the 
recommendation  of  the  State  of  Virginia. 

"  On  the  loth  of  April  last  I  received  by  telegraph, 
through  the  War  Department,  a  requisition  from  the 
President  of  the  United  States,  calling  for  one  regiment 
from  this  State  for  three  months'  service,  to  be  em 
ployed  in  suppressing  the  rebellion  against  the  laws  of 
the  General  Government. 

"  This  requisition  was  followed  by  an  intimation  that 
another  regiment  might  soon  be  required.  The  state 
of  our  militia  organization  was  such  that  I  could  not, 
by  a  military  order,  fulfill  the  constitutional  obligations 
of  the  State.  Upon  reflection,  I  came  to  the  conclusion 
that  I  could  meet  this  call  with  less  delay  and  less  ex 
pense  by  a  voluntary  enlistment,  than  by  any  other 
method,  and  this  course  was  adopted.  The  prompt  and 
liberal  manner  in  which  our  banks  and  citizens  placed 
a  large  amount  of  money  at  my  disposal,  removed  the 
necessity  of  convening  a  special  session  of  the  Legislature. 

"  So  unanimous  was  our  whole  population  in  resist 
ing  this  attempt  to  overthrow  the  Constitution  and  lib 
erties  of  the  people,  that  the  second  regiment  was 
filled  as  readily  as  the  first.  While  the  second  regi 
ment  was  organizing,  and  after  the  appointment  of  Col. 
T.  P.  Pierce,  of  Manchester,  to  its  command,  I  received 
information  from  the  War  Department  that  it  was  the 
desire  of  the  government  that  all  future  enlistments 
should  be  made  for  '  three  years,  or  during  the  war,' 
and  that  men  enlisted  for  three  months,  refusing  to  en 
list  for  the  war,  be  discharged.  In  accordance  with  this 

'  O 

suggestion  I  changed  the  term  of  enlistment,  and  over 
five  hundred  of  those  who  had  enlisted  for  three  months 


ACTION  OF  THE  STATE.  89 

re-enlisted  for  three  years,  and  the  entire  regiment  of 
one  thousand  and  forty-six  men  was  promptly  made  up. 

"  Col.  Pierce,  whom  I  esteem  a  valuable  officer,  in 
consequence  of  the  change  in  the  term  of  service,  hav 
ing  resigned  his  command,  the  Hon.  Oilman  Marston 
has  heen  appointed  to  his  place.  This  regiment  has 
also  been  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States 
by  Major  Eastman,  of  the  United  States  army,  and  is 
under  drill  at  Portsmouth.  It  will  leave  in  a  few  days  for 
Washington.  So  generously  have  our  patriotic  citizens 
responded  to  the  call  of  the  country,  that  many  of  the 
three  months  men,  left  at  Fort  Constitution,  and  others 
who  have  enlisted  for  three  years  but  are  not  required 
to  complete  the  second  regiment,  will  form  a  nucleus  for 
a  third  regiment,  the  enrollment  of  which  can  be  readily 
accomplished  if  required ;  otherwise  they  will  serve  to 
give  efficiency  to  the  re-organization  of  the  State  militia. 
A  portion  of  the  three  months  recruits  has  been  placed 
by  Maj.  Gen.  Wool,  at  my  suggestion,  in  Fort  Constitu 
tion,  for  the  defense  of  the  harbor  of  Portsmouth,  and 
by  authority  of  Gen.  Wool  and  the  Secretary'  of  the 
Navy,  I  have  put  that  fort  in  a  condition  of  defense. 

"  A  rifle  company,  composed  principally  of  Concord 
young  men,  of  high  character  and  sobriety,  under  com 
mand  of  Capt.  Griffin,  of  Concord,  were  desirous  of 
being  armed  with  Sharp's  rifles,  to  fit  them  as  skirm 
ishers  to  the  Second  Regiment.  The  citizens  of  Con 
cord,  together  with  many  members  of  the  company, 
subscribed  an  amount  sufficient  to  pay  for  these  rifles, 
provided  the  State  would  not  assume  the  expense,  and 
the  arms  have  been  furnished  with  the  above  under 
standing.  I  am  assured  that  the  United  States  will 
ultimately  pay  for  them.  It  is  for  you  to  decide 
whether  the  State  will  accept  the  responsibility  for  the 
present,  or  whether  it  will  rest  with  the  patriotic  sub 
scribers. 


90  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

"  I  communicate  herewith  a  circular  from  the  Hon. 
Simon  Cameron,  Secretary  of  War,  ^requesting  that 
the  several  States  will  keep  regiments  enlisted  and  un 
der  drill,  in  their  respective  States,  and  prepared  for 
service,  upon  call,  and  that  when  called  into  service  of 
the  United  States,  their  places  may  be  supplied  by  new 
enlistments." 

The  Peace  Conference,  referred  to  in  Gov.  Goodwin's 
address,  assembled  at  Washington  on  the  4th  of  Feb 
ruary,  1861 — one  month  before  the  inauguration  of 
President  Lincoln.  Twenty  states  were  represented, 
thirteen  of  which  were  free,  and  seven  were  slave  states. 
The  extreme  South  was  resolved  upon  breaking  up  the 
Government,  and  establishing  in  its  stead  a  slavehold- 
ing  oligarchy,  and  they  refused  to  take  any  part  in  the 
Peace  Conference,  notwithstanding  the  proposition  for 
it  came  from  the  slaveholding  State  of  Virginia.  Ex- 
President  John  Tyler,  of  Virginia  was  made  chairman. 

On  motion  of  James  Gurthrie,  of  Kentucky,  a  com 
mittee  of  one  from  each  State  was  appointed  by  the 
chair,  on  the  nomination  of  the  Commissioners  thereof, 
to  whom  was  referred  the  resolution  of  the  State  of  Vir 
ginia.  Hon.  Asa  Fowler  was  appointed  on  the  part 
of  New  Hampshire.  The  Conference  was  in  session 
twenty-one  days,  and  came  to  the  following  result, 
which  was  published  to  the  world  as  the  basis  for  the 
settlement  of  all  national  differences : 

1.  That  Congress  shall  never  interfere  with  slavery  in 
the  District  of  Columbia,  over  which,  by  the  Constitu 
tion,  Congress  held  exclusive  jurisdiction,  without  the 
consent  of  the  slaveholding  State  of  Maryland,  and  the 
consent  of  the  slaveholders  of  the  District. 

2.  That  Congress  shall  not  forbid  slaveholders  from 
bringing    their    slaves    to    Washington,    nor    abolish 


ACTION  OF  THE  STATE.  91 

slavery  in  any  of  the  dockyards,  fortresses,  or  territories 
under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  United  States,  where 
slavery  then  existed. 

3.  That  Congress  should  not  prohibit,  and  should  so 
amend  the  Constitution,  that  the  States  should  not  pro 
hibit,  the  transportation  of  slaves  from  and  through  any 
of  the  States  and  Territories,  where  slavery  then  ex 
isted  either  by  law  or  usage. 

The  only  concession  exacted  from  the  South  was,  that 
they  should  agree  to  the  suppression  of  the  slave  trade, 
which  was  prohibited  by  Congress  years  before  as  pi 
racy;  that  the  District  of  Columbia  should  not  be  used 
as  a  slave  market,  which  also  had  been  forbidden  by  a 
previous  compromise ;  and  that  slavery  should  be  pro 
hibited  in  all  the  territory  north  of  the  parallel  of  .36° 
30'  north  latitude. 

Eleven  states  voted  in  favor  and  seven  against  these 
peace  propositions,  while  two  were  divided  in  their  vote. 
They  were  reported  to  Congress,  and  adopted  in  the 
House  by  133  yeas  to  65  nays,  to  be  recommended  to 
the  people,  but  have  never  been  heard  of  since.  The 
South  meant  separation,  and  nothing  else,  and  acted 
consistently  with  that  idea. 

At  the  close  of  Gov.  Goodwin's  address,  Nathaniel  S. 
Berry,  of  Hebron,  having  been  elected  Governor  in 
March,  appeared,  accepted  the  office,  took  the  oaths 
prescribed  by  the  Constitution,  and  was  declared  by 
Herman  Foster,  of  Manchester,  President  of  the  Senate, 
Governor  for  the  ensuing  political  year.  He  delivered 
his  annual  address,  from  which  the  following,  relating 
to  the  rebellion,  is  extracted : 

"  The  seizure  of  forts,  arsenals,  mints  and  public 
property  of  the  Union,  and  attacks  on  its  flag,  and 
the  usurpation  of  powers  of  the  General  Government 
which  we  have  recently  witnessed,  are  high-handed  acts 


92  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

of  treason,  without  any  justification,  and  based  on  the 
most  groundless  and  frivolous  pretenses.  No  alegation 
or  excuse  has  been  given,  or  can  be  given,  to  justify  the 
enormity  of  the  offenses  committed.  On  this  ground 
our  people  stand  as  one  man. 

"  The  masses  of  the  citizens  of  the  different  States 
may  not  be  holden  responsible  for  these  acts  of  treason 
and  rebellion,  but  their  leaders  must  and  will  be  so 
holden  by  the  true  men  of  this  country  and  the  indig 
nant  sentiment  of  the  civilized  world.  The  crimes 
committed  against  us,  against  the  memory  and  labors 
of  our  fathers,  and  the  common  and  best  interests  of 
humanity,  we  cannot  excuse  or  tolerate. 

"  We  unite  in  the  sentiments  of  Washington,  of  Web 
ster,  and  of  Jackson,  as  to  the  infinite  moment  of  our 
National  Union  to  the  collective  and  universal  happi 
ness  of  the  American  people;  that  we  can  have  but 
6  one  country,  one  Constitution  and  one  destiny ; '  and 
that  by  every  hazard  and  by  every  sacrifice,  the  '  Union 
must  be  preserved.' 

"  With  the  country  divided  into  separate  govern 
ments,  having  long  lines  of  border  communications,  we 
should  be  subject  to  continued  strife;  we  could  not  live 
in  peace  as  independent  adjoining  communities.  The 
way  of  our  fathers  under  the  Constitution,  rigidly  ad 
hered  to  by  all  sections,  in  its  true  force  and  spirit,  is 
the  only  sure  way  of  national  prosperity. 

"  The  position  taken  by  our  government  in  the  recent 
correspondence  with  the  French  Minister,  is  the  only 
ground  upon  which  we  can  stand :  '  That  there  is  not 
now,  nor  has  there  been,  nor  will  there  be,  any,  the 
least  idea  existing  in  this  government  of  suffering  a  dis 
solution  of  this  Union  to  take  place  in  any  way  what 
ever.' 

"  Under  this  enunciation  of  principles,  the  open, 
deadly,  flagrant  war  which  is  now  waged  against  the 


~QJ}dJvGeo.  Z. "Ferin 


?  <  ^ 


NA r  HAN  IE  L   S .  B  E  R. H 
Governor  of  Xew  Hampshire  1861 


ACTION  OF  THE  STATE.  93 

government  of  the  United  States,  to  compel  acquies 
cence  in  the  dismemberment  of  the  Union,  will  cease 
and  come  to  an  end,  when  the  Constitution  is  main 
tained  and  enforced,  as  under  the  better  days  of  the 
Republic,  under  Washington  and  Adams,  Jefferson  and 
Jackson,  and  not  till  then.  But  in  this  view  of  our  condi 
tion  we  have  a  high  and  important  duty  to  discharge. 

"  Most  of  the  loyal  States  of  this  Union  have  already 
holclen  special  sessions  of  their  Legislatures,  to  act  on  the 
immediate  necessities  of  the  crisis.  The  regular  ses 
sion  of  our  Legislature  was  so  near  at  hand,  that  a 
special  session  was  not  deemed  essential  with  us ; 
especially  considering  the  prompt  and  efficient 
measures  taken  by  my  predecessor.  The  Legislature 
being  now  assembled,  there  is  a  pressing  necessity  for 
immediate  attention  to  those  measures  that  shall  aid 
the  General  Government  in  resisting  the  rebellion 
now  waged  against  our  institutions. 

"  £To  northern  State  has  placed  less  than  a  million  of 
dollars  at  the  command  of  the  General  Government,  in 
view  of  the  present  emergency  of  the  country,  and  I 
trust  New  Hampshire  will  not  be  behind  her  sister 
States  in  this  respect,  and  that  whatever  we  may  do 
may  be  done  with  perfect  unanimity. 

"  In  conclusion,  permit  me  to  recur  to  the  great 
struggle  with  treason  and  rebellion,  in  which  our  coun 
try  is  now  engaged.  It  is  a  rebellion  against  the  most 
beneficent  government  ever  established  upon  earth.  It 
threatens  with  extinguishment  our  Republic,  which  has 
been,  and  under  God  will  continue  to  be,  the  light  of 
nations.  In  open  defiance  of  the  great  principle  that 
the  final  supremacy  of  the  will  of  the  majority,  consti 
tutionally  expressed,  upon  which  the  stability  of  repub 
lican  governments  depend,  this  flagrant  rebellion  has 
been  commenced.  It  is  evidently  the  purpose  of  the 
rebel  leaders  to  substitute,  for  the  rule  of  the  majority, 


94  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

the  rule  of  the  minority,  with  the  natural  result  of 
anarchy  or  despotism. 

"  The  deep  and  holy  enthusiasm  with  which  the  peo 
ple  of  the  loyal  States  have  responded  to  the  call  of  the 
government  for  military  aid  to  put  down  the  rebellion 
and  crush  out  treason,  can  leave  no  douht  of  the  final 
result  of  the  struggle.  Never  in  the  history  of  the 
world  was  there  witnessed  a  prouder  spectacle  than  the 
loyal  patriotism  which  was  aroused  in  the  land  by  the 
guns  of  Sumter.  Party  spirit  was  hushed,  and  twenty 
millions  of  freemen,  with  one  accord,  joined  hands  in 
solemn  pledge  that  the  Union,  Constitution  and  Gov 
ernment  shall  be  maintained. 

"  The  result  of  the  conflict  will  be  the  convincing  of 
the  world  that  a  republican  government  can  and  will  be 
sustained.  It  may  be  that  our  country  must  be  shaken 
from  center  to  circumference  by  the  mighty  struggle ; 
that  liberty  must  be  again  baptized  in  blood;  but  the 
principles  upon  which  the  republic  was  founded  will  be 
vindicated  and  made  permanent ;  the  Constitution  will 
be  sustained ;  the  constitutional  rights  of  all  American 
citizens,  in  all  the  States,  will  receive  new  guarantees ; 
the  freedom  of  speech  and  of  the  press  every  where  in 
our  land  will  be  effectually  secured,  and  the  govern 
ment  will  come  forth  purified  and  strengthened. 

"  We  acknowledge  the  dependence  of  all  rulers  and 
states  on  Him  by  whom  all  government  is  ordained. 
We  cannot  believe  that  He  who  was  the  God  of  our 
fathers,  and  under  whose  protecting  care  our  country 
has  risen  from  feebleness  to  strength,  will  permit  the 
great  experiment  of  free  government  to  fail,  or  come 
short  of  the  ultimate  complete  security  of  our  greatness 
and  happiness  as  a  united  people." 

At  an  early  stage  of  the  session  a  bill  was  introduced 
in  the  Legislature  entitled  "  An  Act  to  aid  in  the  de- 


ACTION  OF  THE  STATE.  95 

fense  of  the  country,"  which,  after  much  discussion  and 
strenuous  opposition  from  a  portion  of  the  members, 
was  passed,  as  follows  : 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives, 
in  General  Court  convened  : 

SECTION  1.  All  payments  and  expenditures  made  by 
the  Governor  and  Council,  or  by  their  authority  an  I 
direction,  in  order  to  furnish  troops  from  this  State  for 
the  defense  of  the  United  States,  or  for  enlisting,  arm 
ing,  equipping,  disciplining,  maintaining  or  transport 
ing  said  troops,  or  in  any  way  connected  therewith,  are 
hereby  approved,  ratified  and  confirmed. 

SEC.  2.  In  order  to  answer  any  call  for  troops  from 
this  State  that  has  been  or  may  be  made  by  the  Presi 
dent  of  the  United  States,  or  by  his  sanction  and  au 
thority,  the  Governor,  with  the  advice  and  consent  of 
the  Council,  is  hereby  vested  with  full  power  and 
authority  to  take  such  measures  as  may  be  deemed  best, 
fbr  the  enlisting,  arming,  equipping,  disciplining,  main 
taining  and  transporting  such  military  force  of  this  State 
as  in  his  judgment  may  be  needed  for  defending  and 
maintaining,  in  its  full  integrity,  the  authority  of  the 
government  of  the  United  States,  and  the  constitution 
and  the  laws  thereof;  and  to  this  end  he  may,  with  the 
advice  and  consent  of  the  Council,  appoint  all  needful 
officers  and  agents,  and  may  fix  their  rank  and  pay; 
provided  that  at  no  one  time  more  than  two  regiments 
shall  be  enlisted  in  addition  to  those  that  shall  have 
been  already  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United 
States. 

SEC.  3.  The  Governor,  with  the  advice  and  consent 
of  the  Council,  is  hereby  authorized  to  pay  from  the 
money  appropriated  by  this  act,  any  of  the  troops  of 
this  State  which  have  been  or  may  be  mustered  into 
the  service  of  the  United  States,  during  the  whole  or  any 


96  THE  GREA  T  R  EBELLION. 

part  of  the  time  of  such  service;  and  the  Governor, 
with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Ccruncil,  is  hereby 
authorized  and  empowered  to  negotiate,  adjust  and  set 
tle  all  questions,  accounts,  matters  and  things,  between 
this  State  and  the  United  States,  in  any  way  arising 
from  or  growing  out  of  the  contracts  and  expenditures 
mentioned  in  this  act,  or  out  of  any  contracts  or  ex 
penditures  which  may  be  made  for  the  public  defense 
or  the  payment  of  troops. 

SEC.  4.  For  the  purpose  of  meeting  the  expenses 
already  incurred,  or  any  that  may  be  incurred  under  this 
act,  or  any  other  act  to  provide  for  the  defense  of  the 
country,  or  for  maintaining  the  military  force  of  this 
State,  while  engaged  therein,  the  Treasurer  of  this  State 
is  hereby  authorized,  under  the  sanction  of  the  Gov 
ernor,  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Council,  to 
issue  bonds  or  certificates  of  debt,  in  the  name  and  on 
behalf  of  this  State,  to  an  amount  not  exceeding  one 
million  dollars.  Said  bonds  shall  bear  interest  not  ex 
ceeding  six  per  cent,  per  annum,  payable  semi-annually, 
on  the  first  days  of  January  and  July,  in  each  year,  and 
may  be  issued  at  such  times  and  in  sums  of  such  amount 
as  shall  be  fixed  by  the  Governor  and  Council.  All 
such  bonds  shall  have  interest  warrants  or  coupons  at 
tached  thereto,  signed  by  the  Treasurer;  and  said  bonds 
and  coupons  shall  be  made  payable  at  the  Suffolk  Bank, 
Boston.  Said  bonds  or  certificates  of  debt  shall  be  re 
deemable  in  not  less  than  five  or  more  than  twenty 
years  from  the  first  day  of  July,  A.  D.  1861,  and  not 
more  than  one  hundred  thousand  dollars  shall  be  re 
deemable  in 'any  one  year.  Said  bonds  shall  be  counter 
signed  by  the  Governor,  and  shall  be  deemed  a  pledge 
of  the  faith  and  credit  of  the  State.  The  Secretary  of 
State  shall  keep  a  record  of  all  the  bonds  countersigned 
by  the  Governor,  in  which  shall  be  set  down  the  num 
ber  and  amount  of  each  bond  so  countersigned;  the  time 


ACTION  OF  THE  STATE.  97 

of  such  countersigning ;  the  time  when  such  bond  shall 
be  payable ;  the  name  of  the  person  to  whom  said  bond 
may  be  delivered,  and  the  date  of  such  delivery.  The 
Treasurer  may,  from  time  to  time,  under  the  direction 
of  the  Governor  and  Council,  dispose  of  so  much  of  the 
same  as  shall  be  required,  and  for  that  purpose  shall  ad 
vertise,  at  any  time,  for  proposals  for  so  much  as  may 
be  needed.  And  said  Treasurer  shall  keep  a  record  of 
each  bond  disposed  of  by  him,  which  shall  contain  the 
name  of  the  person  to  whom  each  bond  may  be  sold, 
and  the  number  thereof,  the  amount  received  by  him 
therefor,  the  date  of  such  sale,  and  the  time  of  the  pay 
ment  therefor. 

SEC.  5.  This  act  shall  be  in  force  from  and  after  its 
passage. 

Approved  July  3,  1861. 

This  act  passed  the  House  by  yeas  169,  nays  94 ;  and 
the  Senate  by  yeas  10,  nays  2. 

Harry  Bingham,  of  Littleton,  presented  in  the  House, 
a  protest  to  the  passage  of  this  act,  signed  by  himself 
and  ninety  other  members,  with  the  following  reasons 
therefor : 

1.  Because,  the  bill  compels  us  to  approve,  ratify  and 
confirm  "  All  payments  made  by  the  Governor  and 
Council,  or  by  their  authority  and  direction,  in  order  to 
furnish  troops  from  the  State  for  the  defense  of  the  United 
States,  or  for  enlisting,  arming,  equipping,  disciplining, 
maintaining  or  transporting  said  troops,  or  in  any  way 
connected  therewith;"  of  the  nature,  extent,  validity 
and  equity  of  which  we  know  so  little  as  to  be  entirely 
unable  to  form  any  definite  judgment  relative  thereto, 
and  because,  from  any  information  communicated  to 
this  House,  we  can  not  assure  ourselves  or  our  constitu 
ents  that  it  would  be  safe  and  proper  for  us  thus  to  ap 
prove,  ratify-  and  confirm. 


98  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

2.  Because,  by  the  provisions  of  this  bill,  the  power  to 
consider  and  determine  what  appropriations  are  neces 
sary,  and  what  disposition  has  been  and  shall  be  made 
of  the  money  of  the  people,  how  and  by  what  agents 
disbursed,  and  in  what  manner  accounted  for,  is  taken 
from  the  representatives  of  the  people,  to  whom  such 
power  constitutionally  belongs,  and  surrendered  to  the 
executive  branch  of  the  government. 

3.  Because  we  can   not  permit  transactions  of  any 
branch  of  the  government  to  be  sealed  up  from   the 
eyes  of  the  people,  or  to  be  placed  beyond  their  power 
to  examine,  inspect,  and  judge. 

4.  Because  we  can  not  regard  the  action  of  this  House, 
in  the  rejection  of  the  amendments  proposed  to  the  bill, 
as  other  than  the  assurance  that  the  present  war  may 
be  waged  by  unlawful  means,  for  conquest,  subjugation, 
national  consolidation,  and  the  extinguishment  of  State 
sovereignties,  and  we   are   unalterably  opposed  to  the 
attainment,  by  any  means,  of  such  objects. 

The  protestants  in  their  document  disavowed  all  con 
siderations  and  motives  of  a  partisan  character,  and 
claimed  to  act  only  for  the  rights  and  interests  of  the 
people,  as  guaranteed  by  the  Constitution. 

Another  act  was  passed  authorizing  cities  and  towns 
to  aid  the  families  of  volunteers,  and  for  other  purposes, 
as  follows : 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives,  in 
General  Court  convened,  as  follows  : 

SECTION  1.  That  any  city  or  town  may  raise  money 
by  taxation,  or  otherwise,  and,  if  necessary,  apply  the 
same  under  the  direction  of  the  mayor  and  aldermen  of 
such  city,  or  a  committee  by  them  appointed  for  that  pur 
pose,  or  of  the  selectmen  of  such  town,  or  a  committee 
chosen  at  any  meeting  duly  held  for  that  purpose,  for 
the  aid  of  the  wife,  and  of  the  children  Under  sixteen 


ACTION  OF  THE  STATE.  99 

years  of  age,  of  any  inhabitant  of  such  city  or  town 
who,  as  a  member  of  the  volunteer  or  enrolled  militia 
of  this  State,  may  have  been  mustered  into,  or  enlisted 
in  the  service  of  the  United  States,  and  for  each  parent 
01*  child  of  such  inhabitant,  who,  at  the  time  of  his  en 
listment,  was  dependent  on  him  for  support :  Provided, 
such  persons  are  indigent,  and  stand  in  need  of  such 
relief;  and  no  disabilities  of  any  kind  whatever  shall  be 
created  by  reason  of  aid  so  furnished  and  received. 

SEC.  2.  Any  city  or  town  may  raise  money,  by  vote, 
to  defray  any  expense  already  incurred,  or  to  carry  out 
and  fulfill  any  contract  heretofore  made  with  or  in  be 
half  of  any  of  its  inhabitants,  or  their  families  or  de 
pendents,  which  inhabitants  may  have  been  called  or 
enlisted  into  the  service  of  the  United  States;  but  all 
existing  contracts  between  any  town  or  city,  and  any 
of  its  inhabitants,  or  their  families  or  dependents,  shall 
terminate  in  ninety  days  from  the  date  of  such  contract, 
or  the  date  of  such  inhabitants'  enlistment,  if  subsequent 
to  such  contract  and  before  the  passage  of  this  act. 

SEC.  3.  Of  the  sums  paid  or  applied  by  any  city  or 
town  for  the  support  of  the  family  or  dependents  of  any 
inhabitant  who  imiy  be  actually  engaged  in  the  service 
of  the  United  States,  as  provided  in  the  first  section  of 
this  act,  there  shall  be  annually  reimbursed  from  the 
treasury  of  the  State,  to  such  city  or  town,  a  sum  not 
exceeding  one  dollar  per  week  for  the  wife,  and  one 
dollar  per  week  for  each  child  or  parent  of  such  inhabit 
ant,  who,  at  the  time  of  his  being  called  or  enlisting  in 
to  the  service  of  the  United  States,  was  dependent  upon 
him  for  support :  Provided,  that  the  whole  sum  so  reim 
bursed  shall  not  exceed  twelve  dollars  per  month  for  all 
the  persons  named  in  this  section  so  dependent  upon 
any  such  inhabitant. 

SEC.  4.  No  reimbursement  shall  be  allowed  from  the 
State  treasury  to  any  city  or  town,  as  provided  in  the 


100  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

preceding  section,  until  a  full  report,  certified  and 
sworn  to  by  a  majority  of  the  selectmen  or  committee 
of  such  town,  and  by  the  mayor  and  a  majority  of  the 
aldermen  of  such  city,  containing  a  statement  of  the 
names  and  service  of  the  inhabitants  of  such  city  or 
town,  whose  families  or  dependents  have  been  assisted, 
as  provided  in  the  first  section  of  this  act;  and  the 
names  of  the  persons  assisted,  and  the  relations  which 
such  persons  severally  bear  to  such  inhabitants  respec 
tively,  and  the  sums  paid  to  or  for  the  support  of  each 
person,  shall  have  been  made  to  the  Treasurer  of  the 
State,  and  carefully  examined  and  approved  by  him. 

SEC.  5.  A  statement,  certified  and  sworn  to  by  a  ma 
jority  of  the  board  of  selectmen  of  any  town,  or  by  the 
mayor  and  a  majority  of  the  aldermen  of  any  city,  shall 
be  made  to  the  State  Treasurer  on  or  before  the  first 
"Wednesday  of  June  annually,  of  the  full  amount  due 
such  town  or  city  for  aid  furnished  in  accordance  with 
the  provisions  of  this  act. 

SEC.  6.  This  act  shall  take  effect  upon  its  passage. 

Approved  July  4,  1861. 

The  following  resolutions  passed*  both  branches  of 
the  Legislature,  unanimously : 

Resolved  by  the  Senate  and  House  Representatives  of  the 
State  of  New  Hampshire  in  General  Court  convened :  That 
the  contest  now  existing  between  the  Government  and 
the  disloyal  people  that  have  commenced  an  unjustifiable 
and  treasonable  war  upon  its  constitutional  authority, 
should  be  regarded  by  all  loyal  men  not  as  a  sectional 
war,  not  an  anti-slavery  war,  nor  a  war  of  conquest  and 
subjugation,  but  simply  and  solely  a  war  for  the  main 
tenance  of  the  Government,  the  suppression  of  rebellion, 
and  the  preservation  of  the  magna  charta  of  our  liberty 
and  national  unity. 


ACTION  OF  THE  STATE.  101 

Resolved,  That  the  State  of  New  Hampshire  pledges 
her  resources  for  the  integrity  of  the  Union,  for  the 
support  of  the  Constitution,  and  for  the  enforcement  of 
the  laws  of  the  General  Government. 

Resolved,  That  the  Constitution  is  the  supreme  law  of 
the  land,  and  that  no  State  has  the  right  to  secede 
therefrom  and  dissolve  the  Union  which  that  Constitu 
tion  was  made  to  secure. 

Resolved,  That  the  duty  of  the  General  Government 
to  suppress  all  attempts  to  dissolve  the  Union  is  impera 
tive,  and  can  not  be  evaded. 

Resolved,  That  neither  the  President  nor  Congress 
can  constitutionally  entertain  any  proposition  which 
has  for  its  ohject  the  dismemberment  of  the  Govern 
ment  or  the  dissolution  of  the  Union. 

Resolved,  That  in  the  lan^uasre  of  Andrew  Jackson, 

O          O  ' 

"  The  Federal  Union  must  be  preserved." 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  the  State  be  directed 
to  send  copies  of  these  resolutions  to  the  President  of 
the  United  States,  the  presiding  officer  of  each  House 
of  Congress,  the  Governors  of  the  several  States,  and 
each  Senator  and  Representative  of  this  State  in  Con 
gress. 

Approved  July  4,  1861. 

Resolutions  were  unanimously  passed  by  the  Legisla 
ture  thanking  the  Sons  of  New  Hampshire  in  New  York 
and  Boston,  and  the  citizens  of  Worcester,  Mass.,  for 
their  attentions  to  the  First  and  Second  New  Hamp 
shire  Regiments. 

The  Executive  Council,  on  whom,  with  the  Governor, 
was  imposed  the  duty  of  enlisting,  arming,  equipping 
and  holding  subject  to  orders  from  the  War  Depart 
ment  troops  from  the  State,  were  R.  P.  J.  Tenney,  of 
Pittsfield ;  Daniel  Sawyer,  of  Alton ;  Moody  Currier, 
of  Manchester ;  Charles  F.  Brooks,  of  Westmoreland, 


102  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  Denison  R.  Burnham,  of  Plymoutli.  Allen  Tenney, 
of  Concord,  was  Secretary  of  State,  and*Peter  Sanborn, 
of  Concord,  State  Treasurer, — chosen  by  the  Legisla 
ture.  Joseph  C.  Abbott,  of  Manchester,  having  r*~ 
signed,  Ex-Governor  Anthony  Colby,  of  New  London, 
was  appointed  by  the  Governor  and  Council,  Adjutant 
and  Inspector-General,  in  June,  1861. 

Ladies  organized  sanitary  aid  societies  in  almost 
every  considerable  town  in  the  State,  and  furnished  the 
men  who  enlisted  with  flannel  underclothing  and  many 
other  articles  for  their  health  and  comfort,  not  supplied 
by  the  government;  and  sent  to  the  army  hospitals 
beds,  bedding,  clothing,  bandages,  wines,  jellies,  dried 
fruits,  and  indeed  every  thing  needed  for  the  sick  and 
wounded  soldiers.  They  continued  their  labors  and 
good  offices,  with  efficiency  and  system,  without  inter 
mission,  throughout  the  war,  and  did  much  to  add  to 
the  comfort  of  soldiers'  families  during  the  absence  of 
their  protectors  and  supporters. 


SECOND  SEQIMENT.  103 

SECOND  REGIMENT. 


AFTER  the  organization  of  the  First  Regiment,  the 
surplus  of  men  at  Camp  Union  were  sent  to  Camp  Con 
stitution,  Portsmouth,  for  the  purpose  of  forming  the 
Second  Regiment.  They  were  quartered  in  rope-walks 
and  adjacent  buildings,  which  had  been  converted  into 
comfortable  barracks,  in  the  southern  part  of  the  city. 
On  the  10th  of  May  nine  hundred  and  seventy-nine 
men — all  enlisted  for  three  months — had  arrived  at  camp 
and  were  being  drilled,  disciplined  and  made  acquain 
ted  with  the  duties  pertaining  to  a  soldier's  life,  by  Col. 
Thomas  P.  Pierce,  of  Manchester,  who  had  been  com 
missioned  Colonel  of  the  regiment,  when  an  order  came 
to  the  Governor  from  the  War  Department  to  send  no 
more  three  months  troops.  In  consequence  of  this 
change  in  the  term  of  service,  Col.  Pierce  resigned  on 
the  4th  of  June,  and  Hon.  Gilman  Marston,  of  Exeter, 
then  a  member  of  Congress  from  the  First  District,  was 
commissioned  Colonel  of  the  three  years  regiment,  and 
immediately  assumed  command. 

The  following  were  the  commissioned  officers  of  the 
regiment  during  its  whole  term  of  service,  and  their 
record  as  appears  upon  the  books  in  the  Adjutant  Gen 
eral's  office,  with  such  corrections  as  ctmld  be  obtained : 

FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

COLONELS — Thomas  P.  Pierce,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  June  4,  1861. 
Gilman  Marston,  of  Exeter. 

Wounded  July  21, 1861,  at  Bull  Run.  Promoted  to  Brigadier  General  U.  S. 
Volunteers,  April  17,  1863. 

Edward  L.  Bailey,  of  Manchester. 

Slightly  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863.     Mustered  out  June  29, 1864. 


104  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Joab  "N.  Patterson,  of  Hopkinton. 

Appointed  Brevet  Brig^  Gen.  U.  S.  Volunteers,  in  1&>5.    Mustered  out  as 
Colonel,  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonels — Francis  S.  Fiske,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  Oct.  23,  1862. 

Edward  L.  Bailey,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  April  18,  1863 

James  "W.  Carr,  of  Manchester. 

Slightly  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  2, 1863.     Mustered  out  June  21 , 1864. 

Joab  N.  Patterson,  of  Hopkinton. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  Jan.  10,  1865. 

John  D.  Cooper,  of  Concord. 

Died  of  disease,  at  Baltimore,  Oct.  30,  1865. 

Majors — Josiah  Stevens,  Jr.,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  July  25,  1862. 

Edward  L.  Bailey,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Col.  Oct.  23,  1862. 

James  W.  Carr,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  April  18,  1863. 

Samuel  P.  Sayles,  of  Dover. 

Severely  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  2, 1863.    Mustered  out  June  21, 1864. 

John  D.  Cooper,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  March  1,  1865. 

Levi  BT.  Converse,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Nov.  1, 1865,  but  not  mustered.    Mustered  out  as 
Major  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Adjutants — Samuel  G.  Langley,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  of  the  Fifth  Regiment  Oct.  26,  1861. 

Center  H.  Lawrence,  of  Fitchburg,  Mass. 

Appointed  A.  A.  Gen.  U.  S.  Vols.  Sept.  1,  1862. 

Albert  M.  Perkins,  of  Exeter. 

Promoted  to  Captain  June  18,  18C3. 

John  D.  Cooper,  of  Concord. 

Severely  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  2, 1863.    Pro.  to  Major  June  21, 1864. 

Edgar  B.  LeGro,  of  Somersworth. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  1,  1864. 

Charles  E.  Plaisted,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  1,  1865. 

Quartermasters — John  S.  Godfrey,  of  Hampton  Falls. 

Promoted  to  Captain  and  A.  Q.  M.  Vols.  Aug.  21,  1861. 

Francis  "W.  Perkins,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Capt.  and  A.  Q.  M.  Vols.  June  9,  1862. 

James  A.  Cook,  of  Cornish. 

Promoted  to  Captain  and  Com.  Sub.  U.  S.  Vols.  July  2,  1863.     Honorably 
discharged  for  disability,  Sept.  1864. 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  105 

Charles  H.  Shute,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

Abner  F.  Durgin,  of  Fisherville. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Surgeons — George  H.  Hubbard,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Oct.  1,  1861. 

James  M.  Merrow,  of  Bollinsford. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

William  P.  Stone,  of  Danbury. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Assistant  Surgeons — George  P.  Greeley,  of  Nashua. 

Resigned  June  3,  1861. 

James  M.  Merrow,  of  Rollinsford. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  Oct  2,  1861. 

Oscar  Worthley,  of  Stewartstown. 

Resigned  Sept.  17,  1862. 

"William  P.  Stone,  of  Danbury. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  July  6,  1864. 

"William  G.  Stark,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

"Willard  C.  Kempton,  of  Plainfield. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Chaplains — Henry  E.  Parker,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  July  14,  1862. 

George  S.  Barnes,  of  Seabrook. 

Resigned  April  25,  1863. 

John  "W.  Adams,  of  Salem. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Sergeant  Majors — George  "W.  Gordon,  of  Allenstown. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  July  29,  1861. 

Center  H.  Lawrence,  of  Fitchburg,  Mass. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant,  Oct.  26,  1861. 

Norton  E-.  Moore,  of  Gotfstown. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieutenant,  July  11, 1862. 

Henry  Hay  wood,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  25,  1862. 

Frank  C.  Wasley,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  18,  1863. 

Alvin  S.  Wiggin,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut,  June  18,  18G3. 

James  E.  Saunders,  of  Peterborough. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  May  11,  1864. 

Edgar  B.  LeGro,  of  Somersworth. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant,  July  1,  1864 


106  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Edward  Clark,  of  Hooksett. 

Promoted  to  Fir*t  Lieut.  Nov.  3,  1864. 

Edwin  Richardson,  of  Nelson. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  8,  1865. 

Charles  H.  Streeter,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  1,  1865. 

William  Williams,  of  Lebanon. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  July  26,  1865. 

James  Downey. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Quartermaster  Sergeants — F.  W.  Perkins'  of  Concord. 

Jfromoted  to  First  Lieut,  and  Quartermaster,  Aug.  21,  1861. 

Charles  II.  Shute,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Aug.  10,  1862. 

Joseph  II.  Wilkinson,  of  Fisherville. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Dec.  16,  1863. 

Abner  F.  Durgin,  of  Fisherville. 

Re-enlisted,  Jan.  1,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut,  and  Quartermaster, 
June  24,  1864. 

Frank  H.  Hervej,  of  Exeter. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  20, 1865. 

Richard  W.  Robinson,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Nov.  1,  1865. 

Commissary  Sergeants — James  A.  Cook,  of  Cornish. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut,  and  Quartermaster,  June  9,  1862. 

William  J.  Rahn,  of  Keene. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

Oliver  M.  Dame,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  20,  1865. 

Francis  E.  Paris,  of  Goffstown. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Hospital  Stewards — William  G.  Stark,  of  Manchester. 

Discharged  for  disability,  Jan.  22,  1863.     Re-enlisted  Jan.  1,  1864,     Pro 
moted  to  Asst.  Surgeon,  June  24,  1864. 

George  Bullen,  of  Manchester. 

Discharged  for  disability,  Feb.  17,  1865. 

William  Clifford,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Principal  Musicians — Daniel  W.  Newel],  of  Manchester. 

Discharge  for  disability,  Jan.  22,  1863. 

Stephen  J.  Smiley, 

Mustered  out  June  21, 1864. 

Nathaniel  M.  Ricker,  of  Portsmouth. 

Re-enlisted  Jan.  1,  1864.     Deserted  at  Warsaw,  Va.,  Sept,  30,  1865. 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  107 

Simeon  Partridge,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  June  18,  1865. 

Arthur  E.  Buckminster,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 
COMPANY   OFFICERS. 

Co.  A. — Captains — Tileston  A.  Barker,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  Sept.  1.  1862. 

Levi  !N".  Converse,  of  Keene. 

Lost  right  arm  at  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863.     Promoted  to  Major  May  8, 
1865. 

Edward  Clark,  of  Hooksett. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Henry  M.  Metcalf,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  Capt.  Aug.  13,  1862.     Killed  at  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863. 

Herbert  B.  Titus,  of  Chesterfield. 

Promoted  to  Major  9th  Reg.  June  14,  1862. 

Frederick  W.  Cobb,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  Aug.  31,  1862. 

Levi  1ST.  Converse,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  July  2,  1863. 

Silas  Hay  ward,  of  Fitzwilliam. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

Samuel  F.  Holbrook. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  April  1,  1865. 

Oliver  M.  Dame,  of  Portsmouth. 

Honorably  discharged,  Sept.  25,  1865. 

John  E.  Harcwell,  of  Chester. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts.  — Herbert  B.  Titus,  of  Chesterfield. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June,  1862. 

Frederick  W,  Cobb,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  1,  1862. 

Levi  1ST.  Converse,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  31,  1862. 

Silas  Hayward,  of  FitzwiiHam. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  2,  1863. 

Eobert  Miller. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

William  "Williams,  of  Lebanon. 

Dismissed,  Nov.  1, 1865. 

John  W.  Hammond,  of  Winchester. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out,  Dec.  19,  1865. 


108  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Co.  B. — Captains — Simon  G.  Griffin,  o£  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  6th  Regt.  Oct.  26,  1861. 

Abiel  W.  Colby,  of  Concord. 

Died  May  13,  1862. 

Joseph  A.  Hubbard,  of  Manchester. 

Killed  at  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863. 

William  H.  Smith,  of  Exeter. 

Died  of  wounds,  July  7,  1864 

George  T.  Carter,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Major,  Nov.  1,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Charles  W.  Walker,  of  Concord. 

Killed  on  cars  en  route  to  Washington,  June  31,  1861. 

Abiel  W.  Colby,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  Nov.  1,  1861. 

George  W.  Boyden,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  May  20,  1862. 

William  W.  Ballard,  of  Boscawen. 

Killed  at  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863. 

George  M.  Shute,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

Frank  W.  Morgan,  of  Hopkinton. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  April  1,  1865. 

Lewis  Wood,  of  Somersworth. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Abiel  W.  Colby,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  1,  1861. 

Charles  Holmes,  of  Hopkinton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  17th  U.  S.  Infantry,  Nov.  11,  1861. 

William  W.  Ballard,  of  Boscawen. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  11, 1862. 

John  D.  Cooper,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  1,  1862. 

George  M.  Shute,  of  Concord, 

Severely  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut. 
July  3,  1863. 

Rufus  L.  Bean,  of  Portsmouth. 

Transferred  to  Company  G. 

Thomas  Lees,  of  Durham. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

Benjamin  F.  Peters. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  24,  1865. 

James  Harvey,  of  New  Hampton. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  109 

Co.  C. — Captains — John  W.  Carr,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Major,  Oct.  23,  1862. 

John  F.  Ho1  man,  of  Somersworth. 

Resigned  June  18,  1863. 

George  "W,  Roberts,  of  Dover. 

Killed  at  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863. 

Hugh  R.  Richardson,  of  Lancaster. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

Edward  D.  Bean,  cf  Biddeford,  Me. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — James  H.  Platt,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  Aug.  10,  1862. 

George  "W.  Roberts,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  June  18,  1863. 

James  H.  Baker,  of  Farrnington. 

Transferred  to  Company  F. 

Silas  L.  Hay  ward,  of  Fitzwilliam. 

Transferred  to  Company  A. 

Frank  C.  Wasley,  of  Manchester. 

Severely  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  2, 1863.     Mustered  out  June  21, 1864. 

Edward  D.  Bean,  of  Biddeford,  Me. 

-Promoted  to  Captain,  Nov.  2,  1864. 

Milan  D.  Spaulding,  of  Keene. 

Honorably  discharged,  May  11,  1865. 

Frank  H.  Hervey,  of  Exeter. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  June  12,  1865. 

James  A.  Sanborn,  of  Portsmouth. 

Declined,  Aug.  4,  1865. 

Samuel  F.  Patterson,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out,  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — S.  0.  Burnham,  of  Pembroke. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  Aug.  25,  1862. 

Frank  C.  Wasley,  of  Manchester. 

Pramoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  18,  1863. 

"William  C.  Montgomery,  of  Hopkinton. 

Transferred  to  Company  H. 

Joseph  H.  Wilkinson. 

Mustered  out,  June  21,  1864. 

James  A.  Hutton,  of  Portsmouth. 

Mustered  out,  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Co.  D. — Captains — Hiram  Rollins,  of  Dover. 

Transferred  to  Company  K,  Aug.  1,  1861. 

Samuel  P.  Sayles,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Major,  April  18,  1863. 


110  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

George  E.  Sides,  of  Portsmouth. 

Transferred  to  Company  K. 

Albert  M.  Perkins,  of  Exeter. 

Severely  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  2, 1863.    Mustered  out  June  21, 1804. 

Edgar  B.  LeGro,  of  Somersworth. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Samuel  P.  Sayles,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Aug.  1,  1861 

Warren  H.  Parmenter,  of  Dover. 

Resigned  July  8,  1862. 

George  W.  Gordon,  of  Allenstown. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Sept.  1,  1862. 

Henry  Hayward,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  25,  1864. 

David  M.  Perkins,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864* 

George  W.  Nixon,  of  Pembroke. 

Dismissed  Jan.  7,  1865. 

Edward  Richardson,  of  Kelson. 

Honorably  discharged  May  11,  1865. 

Charles  E.  Jones,  of  Milton. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — W.  H.  Parmenter,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  1,  1861. 

George  "W.  Roberts,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  10,  1862. 

Charles  H.  Shute,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  18,  1863. 

Enoch  G.  Adams,  of  Durham. 

Promoted  to  Captain  U.  S.  Vols.  April  30,  1864. 

James  E.  Saunders,  of  Peterborough. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jnne  24,  1864. 

Edwin  Haines,  of  Lancaster  County,  Pa. 

Musteaed  out  Dec."  19,  1865 

Co.  E. — Captains — Leonard  Drown,  of  Ffsherville. 

Killed  at  Williamsburg,  May  5,  1862. 

William  H.  Smith,  of  Exeter. 

Transferred  to  Company  B. 

James  H.  Platt,  of  Manchester. 

Killed  May  16,  1864. 

Henry  Hayward,  of  Dover. 

Killed  at  Cold  Harbor,  June  3,  1864. 

James  E.  Saunders,  of  Peterborough. 

Honorably  discharged  May  30,  1864. 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  Ill 

Daniel  W.  Bohonon. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — William  H.  Smith,  of  Exeter. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Aug.  1,  1862. 

Isaac  E".  Vesper,  of  Fisherville. 

Resigned  May  6>  1863. 

Jacob  Hall,  of  Barrington. 

'Severely  wounded  at  Gettysburg  July  2, 1863.     Mustered  out  June  21, 1864. 

Charles  McGlaughlin,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  May  17,  1865. 

Charles  H.  Streeter,  of  Portsmouth. 

Honorably  discharged  Aug.  16,  1865. 

Benjamin  F.  Peters. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Ai  B.  Thompson,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain  U.  S.  Army  Aug.  7,  1861. 

Albert  M.  Perkins,  of  Exeter. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  Sept.  1,  1862 

"William  H.  Colcord,  of  Exeter. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  July  2,  1863 

John  W.  Lord,  of  Somersworth. 

Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863.     Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

James  H.  Andrews,  of  Portsmouth. 

Honorably  discharged  Oct.  20,  1865 

Charles  W.  Dimond,  of  Coutoocook. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Co.  F. — Captains — Thomas  Snow,  of  Somersworth. 

Resigned  Aug.  12,  1862 

Henry  M.  Metcalf,  of  Keene.  • 

Killed  at  Gettysburg  July  2,  1863 

David  Steele,  of  Antrim. 

Transferred  to  Company  G 

Harrison  D.  F.  Young,  of  Lancaster. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

Frank  W.  Morgan,  of  Hopkinton. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

.First  Lieuts. — J.  F.  Littlefield,  of  Somersworth. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Aug.  1,  1861 

Henry  M.  Metcalf,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Aug.  13,  1862. 

Hugh  R.  Richardson,  of  Lancaster. 

Severely  wounded  at  'Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863.     Promoted  to  Captain  July 
4.  1863. 


112  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Alvin  S.  Wiggin,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Company  I. 

James  H.  Baker,  of  Farmington. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

Henry  A.  Flint,  of  Farmington. 

Cashiered  Feb.  4,  1865. 

Oilman  T.  Gould,  of  Peterborough. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — H.  D.  F.  Young,  of  Lancaster. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  11,  1862. 

Norton  E.  Moore,  of  Goffstown. 

Died  Aug.  29,  1862. 

James  H.  Baker,  of  Farmington. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  18,  1863. 

Alvin  S.  Wiggin,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  4,  1863. 

James  H.  Swain. 

Wounded  May  9,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

Joseph  Lemmons,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Co.  G. — Captains — Ephraim  "Weston,  of  Hancock. 

Died  Dec.  9,  1861. 

Evarts  W.  Farr,  of  Littleton. 

Resigned  Sept.  4,  1862. 

James  H.  Platt,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Company  E. 

David  Steele,  of  Antrim. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

George  F.  Holbrook. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Evarts  "W.  Farr,  of  Littleton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  1,  1862. 

Sylvester  Rogers,  of  Nashua. 

Killed  at  Bull  Run,  Aug.  29,  1862. 

David  Steele,  of  Antrim. 

Severely  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863.     Promoted  to  Captain  July 
3,1863. 

George  M.  Shute,  of  Concord. 

Transferred  to  Company  B. 

Hiram  K  Ladd,  of  Haverhill. 

Mustered  out  June  21, 1864. 

James  E.  Saunders,  of  Peterborough. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  10,  1864. 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  113 

Charles  A.  Locke,  of  London. 

Honorably  discharged  May  11,  1865. 

James  "W".  Felt,  of  Winchester. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1866. 

Second  Lieuts. — Sylvester  Rogers,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1862. 

David  Steele,  of  Antrim. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  1, 1862. 

Edmund  Dascomb,  of  Greenfield. 

Died  of  wounds  July  13,  1863. 

John  McDonald,  of  Portsmouth, 

Transferred  to  Company  K. 

Rufus  L.  Bean,  of  Portsmouth. 

Dismissed  May  7,  1864. 

John  E.  Hart-well,  of  Chester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  20,  1865. 

Freeman  F.  Sanborn,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  1,  1865. 

Co.  H.— Captains— Ichabod  Pearl,  of  Great  Falls. 

Resigned  Aug.  12,  1861. 

Joshua  F.  Littlefield,  of  Somersworth. 

Transferred  to  Company  B,  May  23,  1862. 

Joab  N.  Patterson,  of  Hopkinton. 

Severely  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  3,  1863.     Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel 
June  21,  1864. 

Albert  J.  Hanson,  of  Great  Falls. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Joab  N.  Patterson,  of  Hopkinton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  23,  1862. 

Harrison  D.  F.  Young,  of  Lancaster. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Aug.  20,  1862. 

John  D.  Cooper,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  June  18,  1863. 

Andrew  G.  Bracy,  of  Somersworth. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

Albert  J.  Hanson,  of  Great  Falls. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  Nov.  3,  1864. 

Edward  Clark,  of  Hooksett. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  July  11,  1865. 

Henry  C.  Tyler,  of  Portsmouth. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — "Wm.  H.  Prescott,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain  U.  S.  Army,  Aug.  7,  1861. 

John  F.  Hoi  man,  of  Somersworth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  2,  1862, 


114  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

Andrew  G.  Bracy,  of  Somersworth. 

Promoted  to.Captain,  June  18,  1863. 

William  Montgomery,  of  Hopkinton. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

James  Thompson,  of  Portsmouth. 

Not  mustered.     Died  at  Warsaw,  Va.,  Nov.  10,  1865. 

George  C.  Stephens,  of  Jaffrey. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Co.  I. — Captains — Edward  L.  Bailey,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Major,  July  26,  1862. 

Joseph  A.  Hubbard,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Tompany  B,  Oct.  12,  1862. 

George  ~W.  Gordon,  of  Allenstown. 

Slightly  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  2, 1863.     Killed  at  Cold  Harbor,  June 
3,  1864. 

Thomas  E.  Marshall,  of  Mason. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — J.  A.  Hubbard,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  July  26,  1862 

Oscar  A.  Moar,  of  Manchester. 

Died  of  disease,  July  31,  1863. 

Hiram  K.  Ladd,  of  Have rh ill. 

Transferred  to  Company  G. 

Alvin  S.  Wiggin,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864 

Thomas  E.  Marshall,  of  Mason. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  April  27,  1865. 

Robert  C.  Sides,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant,  Nov.  1,  1865. 

Freeman  F.  Sanborn,  of  Portsmouth. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — J.  A.  Hubbard,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  29,  1861. 

George  W.  Gordon,  of  Allenstown. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  Sept.  1,  1862 

Charles  Yickery,  of  Manchester. 

Taken  prisoner  at  Gettysburg,  July  2,' 1863.     Died  of  wounds  July  10, 1863. 

Eobert  L.  Miller. 

Transferred  to  Company  A. 

David  M.  Perkins,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  25,  1864. 

George  T.  Carter,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  June  24,  1864. 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  115 

/  Richard  W.  Robinson,  of  Concord. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Co.  K. — Captains — "William  0.  Sides,  of  Portsmouth. 

Resigned  July,  1861. 

Hiram  Rollins,  of  Dover. 

Severely  -wounded  at  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861.     Honorably  discharged  on 
account  of  wounds,  Oct.  14,  1862. 

Samuel  0.  Burnham,  of  Pembroke. 

Transferred  to  Invalid  Corps,  Sept.,  1863. 

Albert  M.  Perkins,  of  Exeter. 

Transferred  to  Campany  D. 

George  E.  Sides,  of  Portsmouth. 

Slightly  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  2, 1863.     Mustered  out  Tune  21, 1864. 

James  I.  Locke,  of  Portsmouth. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — J.  S.  Godfrey,  of  Hampton  Falls. 

Appointed  Quartermaster,  June  4,  1861. 

Edwin  R.  Goodrich. 

Promoted  to  Commissary  of  Subsistence,  TT.  S.  Vols.  Sept.,  1861. 

John  S.  Sides,  of  Portsmouth. 

Resigned  Jan.  7,  1863. 

George  E.  Sides,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  April  18,  1863. 

Charles  H.  Shute,  of  Concord. 

Transferred  to  Company  D,  April  18,  1863. 

"William  IT.  Colcord,  of  Exeter. 

Wounded  at  Cold  Harbor,  June  5,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

James  I.  Locke,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  April,  1,  1865. 

Alexander  Erazer,  of  Bow. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  19,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — James  S.  Sides,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  1,  1861. 

George  E.  Sides,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  1,  1862. 

Charles  1ST.  Patch,  of  Portsmouth. 
Wounded  at  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863.     Died  of  wounds  July  10,  1863. 

John  S.  McDonald,  of  Portsmouth. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1864. 

George  H.  Coleman,  of  Piermont. 

Mustered  out  Deo.  19,  1865. 


116  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

GENERAL   GILMAN   MARSTON. 

Gen.  Gilman  Mars  ton  is  a  native  of  Orford,  and  the 
son  of  a  farmer.  He  comes  of  fighting  stock ;  of  his 
ancestors  more  than  one  took  the  field,  during  the 
early  hostilities  of  the  province,  and  his  grand-father, 
one  of  the  first  settlers  of  Orford,  served  with  much 
credit  as  a  captain,  in  the  old  French  war. 

His  boyhood  was  passed  upon  his  father's  farm, 
where  he  formed  a  practical  acquaintance  with  all  the 
operations  of  husbandry,  and  a  taste  for  agricultural 
pursuits,  which  has  never  left  him.  But  he  had  a  strong 
desire  for  a  collegiate  education,  and  with  true  New 
England  independence,  determined  that  he  would  ac 
quire  it,  without  imposing  any  burden  upon  his  father. 
By  employing  his  winters  in  school-teaching,  he  suc 
ceeded  in  his  purpose,  and  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College  in  1837.  The  next  year  and  a  half  he  was  in 
charge  of  an  academy  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  and  then 
pursued  the  study  of  the  law  in  the  office  of  Judge  Wil- 
cox,  in  Orford,  at  the  Dane  Law  School,  at  Cambridge, 
and  finally  in  the  office  of  Messrs.  Hubbard  and  Watts, 
in  Boston. 

In  1841  Mr.  Marston  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  at 
once  opened  an  office  in  Exeter,  where  he  has  since 
resided.  Going  there  without  acquaintance  or  capi 
tal,  it  required  no  small  degree  ojf  courage  and  reso 
lution  to  strive  for  a  position  in  a  bar  which  numbered 
among  its  members  such  men  as  Levi  Woodbury,  Icha- 
bod  Bartlett,  James  Bell  and  Daniel  M.  Christie.  To 
add  to  the  difficulties  which  Mr.  Marston  had  to  en 
counter,  he  was  soon  attacked  by  a  serious  illness,  which 
endangered  his  life,  and  disabled  him  for  business,  for 
a  considerable  time.  But  his  resolution  never  failed 
him,  and  in  spite  of  all  discouragements,  he  steadily 
made  his  way  in  the  confidence  of  the  community. 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  117 

Untiring  in  his  attention  to  his  professional  duties,  and 
entering  with  his  whole  heart  into  the  cause  of  his 
clients,  in  very  little  time  he  made  himself  known 
throughout  his  county  as  a  lawyer  of  energy  and  ability, 
and  business  flowed  in  upon  him  in  abundance. 

It  was  not  long  before  he  was  called  upon  to  make 
his  appearance  in  political  life.  In  1845  he  was  elected 
a  Representative  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  acquitted 
himself  so  much  to  the  satisfaction  of  his  constituents 
that  he  was  re-elected  in  each  of  the  two  succeeding 
years,  and  in  1850  was  chosen  a  member  of  the  Consti 
tutional  Convention. 

In  1859  he  was  elected  a  Representative  in  the  Con 
gress  of  the  United  States.  In  accepting  the  office  he 
relinquished  a  professional  practice  among  the  largest 
and  most  lucrative  in  the  State,  and  devoted  his  whole 
time  and  energies  to  the  duties  of  his  position.  He 
made  himself  familiar  with  every  subject  on  which  he 
was  called  upon  to  act,  and  did  what  he  thought  to  be 
right,  without  regard  to  the 'consequences  to  himself. 
Among  those  who  knew  him  best  he  sustained  the 
character  of  an  able,  fearless  and  upright  legislator. 

He  was  re-elected  to  Congress  in  1861;  but  he  had 
long  foreseen  the  crisis  which  was  approaching,  and 
had  resolved  upon  the  course  which  his  patriotic  feel 
ings  dictated.  During  the  trying  period  which  occurred 
between  the  inauguration  of  President  Lincoln  and  the 
arrival  of  troops,  Mr.  Marston  was  in  Washington,  and 
with  other  loyal  and  gallant  men,  enrolled  himself  in 
the  battalion  commanded  by  Cassius  M.  Clay,  for  the 
protection  of  the  President  and  the  defense  of  the  capi 
tal.  As  soon  as  "Washington  was  rendered  secure,  he 
returned  to  New  Hampshire  and  tendered  his  services 
to  the  Executive  of  the  State. 

The  First  New  Hampshire  Regiment  had  been  re 
cruited  for  three  months  only ;  and  it  was  determined 


118  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

to  enlist  the  Second  for  three  years;  £nd  to  the  com 
mand  of  this  choice,  and  soon  to  be  distinguished,  body 
of  men,  Mr.  Marston  was  at  once  appointed.  He  im 
mediately  entered  upon  the  duty  of  organizing  it  for 
the  field,  and  on  the  20th  of  June,  1861,  he  had  the  satis 
faction  of  conducting  it,  with  full  ranks,  to  Washington. 

One  month  later  Col.  Marston  led  his  gallant  command 
into  the  battle  of  Bull  Run.  In  the  hottest  of  the  fight 
he  was  wounded  by  a  musket  ball,  which  shattered  the 
bone  of  the  right  arm,  near  the  shoulder.  Retiring  to 
the  rear  just  long  enough  to  have  the  fractured  limb 
hastily  bound  up,  he  remounted  his  horse,  which  being 
led  by  an  orderly,  he  returned  at  once  to  his  regiment. 
"When  the  retreat  took  place,  he  was  conveyed  to  Wash 
ington,  in  a  state  of  great  exhaustion  arid  suffering,  in 
an  army  wagon.  Here  the  surgeons,  after  consultation, 
informed  the  Colonel,  that  to  save  his  life,  his  arm  must 
be  amputated  at  the  shoulder.  He  replied  that  he 
would  never  permit  it;  he  believed  the  arm  could  be 
saved,  and  he  would  live  or  die,  unmutilated.  His 
firmness  was  most  fortunate,  for  though  the  climate  of 
Washington  was  prostrating,  yet  when  he  returned  to 
breathe  his  native  air,  his  improvement  was  rapid,  and 
in  little  more  than  two  months  he  was  able  to  rejoin  his 
regiment,  with  the  wounded  arm  promising  to  be  nearly 
as  serviceable  as  ever.  The  time  of  his  convalescence 
he  improved  with  characteristic  diligence,  by  making 
himself  familiar  with  military  tactics,  and  the  duties  of 
his  position. 

From  this  time  till  the  Spring  of  1863,  the  history  of 
Col.  Marston  is  identified  with  that  of  his  regiment. 
During  the  whole  period  he  was  with  his  men,  leading 
them  in  every  engagement,  and  sharing  their  toils  and 
hardships.  In  the  trenches,  at  Yorktown ;  at  the  ex 
treme  front,  under  Hooker,  at  Williamsburg ;  amid  the 
miseries  of  Fair  Oaks;  during  the  terrific  battles  be- 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  119 

fore  Richmond;  at  the  overwhelming  repulse  of  the 
enemy  at  Malvern  Hill ;  in  the  second  Bull  Run  cam 
paign,  where  the  regiment  met  and  routed  successive 
lines  of  the  enemy  with  the  bayonet ;  and  at  the  attack 
on  Fredericksburg  under  Burnside,  Col.  Marston,  with 
his  brave  command,  won  unfading  laurels. 

"Within  this  period,  he  was  again  seriously  wounded, 
by  the  accidental  discharge  of  a  pistol,  in  the  hands  of 
a  lad  in  an  adjoining  tent.  In  the  various  events  of 
these  campaigns,  Col.  Marston  endeared  himself  to  his 
men  by  his  care  for  their  welfare  and  comfort,  by  his 
exact  justice,  and  above  all  by  requiring  from  them  no 
service  that  he  was  not  ready  to  bear  his  part  in  per 
forming. 

During  the  "Winter  of  1862-63,  while  the  active  opera 
tions  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  were  suspended,  he 
resumed  his  seat  in  Congress,  where  his  presence  was 
deemed  of  importance,  and  remained  there  during  the 
residue  of  his  term. 

In  the  Autumn  of  1862  he  had  received  the  appoint 
ment  of  Brigadier  General,  but  had  preferred  to  retain 
simply  the  command  of  his  regiment,  with  which  he 
desired  to  remain  so  long  as  its  organization  continued ; 
but  in  April,  1863,  he  was  induced  to  accept  the  higher 
commission,  on  being  placed  in  charge  of  the  district 
of  St.  Mary's,  a  post  of  importance,  embracing  an  ex 
tensive  camp  of  confederate  prisoners,  and  being  directly 
under  the  command  of  the  Secretary  of  War.  His  force 
consisted  of  the  Second,  Fifth  and  Twelfth  New  Hamp 
shire  regiments,  a  regiment  of  colored  troops,  one  full 
battery  of  artillery,  and  two  companies  of  United  States 
cavalry,  to  which  were  added  two  or  more  gunboats. 
The  prisoners  confined  at  Point  Lookout,  at  which 
Gen.  Marston's  head-quarters  were  established,  num 
bered  at  times  as  many  as  ten  thousand. 

The  duty  of  guarding  a  post  so   near  the  enemy's 


120  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

lines,  and  holding  out  so  strong  inducements  for  an 
attack,  was  an  arduous  and  responsible  one,  and  after 
an-  experience  of  nearly  a  year,  Gen.  Marston  was  not 
reluctant  to  exchange  it  for  a  command  in  the  field. 

In  April,  1864,  he  was  assigned  to  the  Eighteenth 
Corps,  then  in  the  Army  of  the  James;  his  brigade 
consisting  of  the  81st,  92d,  96th  and  139th  New  York 
regiments.  Early  in  May  they  were  placed  by  an  un 
expected  movement  up  the  James,  at  Bermuda  Hun 
dred.  In  the  affair  at  Kingsland  Creek  which  soon 
followed,  Gen.  Marston 's  command  were  sharply  en 
gaged  ;  and  subsequently  he  participated  in  the  attack 
at  Drury's  Bluif,  having  the  command  of  his  brigade  in 
conjunction  with  some  other  troops. 

The  Eighteenth  Corps,  after  retiring  from  Drury's 
Bluif,  were  ordered  to  Cold  Harbor,  where  Gen.  Marston 
with  his  command  bore  their  full  share  in  the  series  of 
struggles  to  dislodge  the  enemy  from  their  almost  im 
pregnable  position.  In  one  attack,  the  General's  brig 
ade  lost  in  killed  and  wounded,  within  the  space  of  half 
an  hour,  no  less  than  five  hundred  men. 

Gen.  Grant  having  resolved  on  a  flanking  movement 
sent  forward  the  Eighteenth  Corps  by  water,  and  on 
their  arrival  before  Petersburg  they  carried  the  enemy's 
works  in  front  by  assault,  in  which  Gen.  Marston  with 
his  command  took  part. 

He  was  soon  afterwards  placed  by  Gen.  Grant  in 
charge  of  a  considerable  force  stationed  at  various 
points  along  the*  James, — a  position  requiring  great 
vigilance  and  discretion ;  and  remained  their  until  the 
following  October,  when  he  was  assigned  to  the  com 
mand  of  a  division,  in  the  forces  under  Gen.  Butler. 
Here  Gen.  Marston  was  attacked  with  chills  and  fever, 
the  result  of  long  continued  exposure  during  some 
movements  in  the  swampy  region  near  Richmond,  and 
was  obliged  to  quit  the  army  on  sick  leave. 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  121 

On  his  arrival  in  Washington  he  received  intelligence 
that  he  had  again  been  tendered  the  nomination  for 
Congress,  and  at  the  following  March  election  he  was 
chosen  for  his  third  term.  Upon  the  fall  of  Richmond 
and  the  cessation  of  hostilities,  a  month  after,  he  re 
signed*  his  commission  in  the  army. 

Gen.  Marston  served  through  his  congressional  term, 
with  his  accustomed  fidelity,  and  then  returned  home 
to  Exeter,  where  he  now  resides,  engaged  in  the  active 
practice  of  his  profession. 

GENERAL   J.  N.  PATTERSON. 

Glen.  Patterson  was  born  at  Hopkinton,  January  2d, 
1835.  He  fitted  for  college  at  ISTew  Hampton,  entered 
Dartmouth  College  in  1856,  and  graduated  in  1860 — 
paying  his  own  way  by  teaching  school  winters.  He 
was  about  to  commence  the  study  of  a  profession  wThen 
the  war  broke  out.  Feeling  that  he  had  a  duty  to  his 
country  to  perform,  he  enlisted  as  a  private  on  the  22d 
of  April,  1861,  was  appointed  a  recruiting  officer, 
opened  an  office  at  Contoocookville,  enlisted  a  company 
of  seventy-two  men,  for  three  months'  service,  and  took 
them  to  Portsmouth  on  the  27th  of  May,  where  most 
of  the  men  re-enlisted  for  three  years.  He  was  com 
missioned  First  Lieutenant  of  Company  H,  on  the  4th 
of  June,  and  promoted  to  Captain  of  the  same  Company 
on  the  23d  of  May,  1862.  He  served  continually  with 
his  regiment  through  the  seven  days'  fight  before  Rich 
mond,  and  was  never  absent  from  his  command  on  a 
march,  in  a  skirmish  or  battle  during  the  four  and  a 
half  years  that  his  regiment  served.  He  was  in  twenty- 
four  engagements,  battles  and  skirmishes,  from  the  first 
Bull  Run  to  the  taking  of  Richmond,  April  3d,  1865. 

After  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  the  Second  Regiment 
was  sent  to  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  where  it  remained  un- 


122  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

til  April,  1864,  guarding  the  depot  of  rebel  prisoners. 
Capt.  Patterson  was  appointed  Provosf  Marshal  for  the 
district  of  St.  Mary's,  and  placed  in  charge  of  all  the 
prisoners,  by  Gen.  Marston.  He  was  appointed  acting 
Major  of  the  regiment  on  its  arrival  at  Yorktown — 
Major  Sayles  being  absent,  wounded.  After  the  battle 
of  Drury's  Bluff  the  regiment  went  to  Cold  Harbor 
with  the  Eighteenth  Army  Corps,  and  was  engaged  in 
that  battle.  The  three  years  for  which  the  men  en 
listed  had  now  expired,  and  those  who  did  not  re-enlist, 
with  all  the  commissioned  officers,  returned  to  New 
Hampshire  to  be  discharged.  Patterson  remained  in 
charge  of  the  veterans  and  recruits,  about  three  hun 
dred  in  all. 

On  the  recommendation  of  Gen.  Gilman  Marston, 
commanding  the  Brigade,  and  Major  Gen.  W.  F.  Smith, 
commanding  the  Eighteenth  Corps,  Capt.  Patterson  was 
appointed  Lieut.  Colonel,  June  21st,  1864.  He  was 
commissioned  Colonel  of  the  Second  Regiment  Jan. 
10th,  1865,  but  there  not  being  the  requisite  number 
of  men  he  could  not  be  mustered  until  June,  1865, 
when  about  three  hundred  men  from  the  Tenth,  Twelfth 
and  Thirteenth  Regiments  were  joined  with  those  of 
the  Second,  making  it  up  to  one  thousand  s-trong.  At 
this  time  many  regiments  were  mustered  out,  and  the 
three  brigades  in  the  Second  Division  were  consoli 
dated  into  two,  and  one  of  them  placed  in  command  of 
Col.  Patterson,  by  order  of  Gen.  Devens,  commanding 
the  Division. 

On  the  10th  of  July,  1865,  the  Second  Regiment  was 
ordered  to  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  and  Col.  Patterson  was 
assigned  to  the  command  of  the  sub-district  of  the 
Northern  Neck,  with  headquarters  at  Warsaw.  Here 
he  remained  until  December,  when  he  was  ordered 
with  his  regiment  to  City  Point,  to  be  mustered  out  of 
the  service.  In  September,  1864,  he  was  temporarily 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  123 

in  command  of  the  Third  Brigade,  Second  Division, 
Eighteenth  Army  Corps,  and  commanded  it  in  the 
action  of  Williamsburg  Road,  Oct.  27,  1864,  Col.  Pat 
terson  was  appointed  Brevet  Brig.  General,  to  date 
from  March  13,  1865,  for  "  bravery  in  battle  and  good 
conduct  throughout  the  war,"  and  most  worthily  was 
the  rank  bestowed. 

Gen.  Patterson  was  mustered  out  with  the  Second 
Regiment,  Dec.  19,  1865,  having  served  four  and  a  half 
years ;  returned  to  New  Hampshire ;  settled  at  Con 
cord;  married  Miss  Sarah  C.,  daughter  of  Rev.  Dr.  N. 
Bouton,  of  that  city,  in  March,  1867,  by  whom  he  has 
one  son ;  was  appointed  United  States  Marshal  for  the 
District  of  IsTew  Hampshire,  which  office  he  now  holds, 
and  discharges  his  duties,  as  he  did  all  in  the  army, 
most  creditably. 

COLONEL  EDWARD  L.  BAILEY. 

Col.  Bailey,  of  Manchester,  was  commissioned  Cap 
tain  of  Co.  I,  Second  Regiment,  June  4,  1861,  which 
position  he  filled  to  the  acceptance  of  men  under  and 
officers  over  him,  until  the  26th  of  July,  1862,  when  he 
was  promoted  to  Major.  On  the  23d  of  October  of  the 
same  year  he  was  promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel,  and  on 
the  18th  of  April,  1863,  to  Colonel  of  the  Regiment. 
He  was  slightly  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg, 
July  2, 1863.  He  returned  to  New  Hampshire  with  the 
Regiment  at  the  expiration  of  its  term  of  enlistment, 
and  was  mustered  out  of  service  June  29,  1864.  Col. 
Bailey  was  in  command  of  the  Regiment  during  the 
battle  of  Gettysburg,  and  Brigadier  General  Graham, 
under  whose  eye  it  fought,  conferred  a  well  merited 
compliment  upon  its  commander  for  the  cool,  gallant 
and  efficient  manner  in  which  he  handled  and  fought 
his  regiment  on  that  most  trying  occasion. 


124  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

MISS   HARRIET   P.  DAME.« 

No  history  of  the  Second  New  Hampshire  Regiment 
would  be  complete  without  it  contained  more  than  a 
passing  notice  of  Miss  Harriet  P.  Dame,  of  Concord. 
She  offered  her  services  before  the  regiment  left  the 
State,  and  though  not  quite  ready  to  go  to  "Washing 
ton  when  they  did,  she  soon  joined  them  there,  and 
was  ever  afterwards  regarded  as  one  of  its  most  brave, 
patriotic,  honored  and  beloved  members.  A  lady  writes 
the  author  asking  that  Miss  Dame  may  be  suitably  men 
tioned  here,  and  says  :  "  She  stepped  forth,  moved  with 
a  great  purpose,  and  offered  her  life  for  her  country. 
Such  true  heroism  is  unparalleled  and  unprecedented 
in  the  history  of  any  country.  She  was  more  than  the 
4  Florence  Nightingale  of  America,'  because  she  had 
not  the  secure  protection  of  hospital,  but  stood  with 
our  soldiers  beneath  the  rain  and  fire  of  bullets,  un 
daunted.  She  knew  no  fear,  and  thought  not  for  a 
moment  of  her  personal  safety,  for  God  had  called  her, 
and  she  felt  that  His  divine  protection  was  over  all." 

Words  are  too  poor  and  a  few  pages  too  circumscribed 
to  do  her  anything  like  justice.  Her  good  deeds  are  en 
shrined  in  the  memory  and  hearts  of  thousands  who,  but 
for  her  timely  and  tender  care,  would  be  numbered  with 
other  thousands  who,  for  want  of  it,  died  upon  the  field 
of  battle  from  wounds,  and  in  hospital  from  disease  in 
cident  to  the  exposures  and  hardships  of  war. 

Rev.  J.  W.  Adams,  Chaplain  of  the  Second  from  De 
cember,  1£63,  furnishes  the  following  beautiful  tribute 
to  Miss  Dame : 

My  personal  acquaintance  with  Miss  Dame  com 
menced  in  the  winter  of  1863,  when  I  received  my 
commission,  and  joined  the  renowned  "  Old  Second," 
at  Point  Lookout,  Md.  Even  then  her  praise  was  in  all 
the  New  England  Regiments.  Many  who  had  unex- 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  125 

pectedly  recovered  from  sickness  and  wounds,  had 
arisen  from  the  sufferer's  cot  to  call  her  blessed. 

The  exploits  of  heroic  men  were  not  related  with 
more  enthusiasm,  nor  with  half  the  satisfaction  with 
which  her  deeds  of  sympathy  were  rehearsed.  Her 
name  could  hardly  be  mentioned  in  a  New  Hampshire 
regiment  without  calling  forth  the  response,  "  I  owe 
my  life  to  Miss  Dame."  .  Though  nominally  connected 
with  my  regiment,  our  boys  were  not  permitted  the 
entire  monopoly  of  her  fame.  All  the  Granite  State 
regiments  in  the  armies  of  the  Potomac  and  James 
spoke  her  name  and  referred  to  her  acts  with  equal 
pride.  I  have  heard  them  tell  how  she  toiled  day  after 
day  on  the  bloody  field  of  Gettysburg,  sometimes,  dur 
ing  the  battle,  between  the  lines,  and  once  a  prisoner 
in  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  still  absorbed  and  self-for 
getful,  devoting  herself  to  the  relief  of  our  wounded 
men.  And  when  the  darkness  of  night,  and  the  ex 
haustion  of  her  energies  made  rest  imperative,  she 
would  pillow  her  head  upon  the  gory  field,  and  sleep 
amid  the  dead  and  wounded  scattered  around  her. 

During  the  winter  of  1863  she  had  charge  of  the  New 
Hampshire  Soldiers'  Relief  Rooms  in  Washington,  from 
which  she  frequently  went  forth  on  tours  of  inspection, 
that  she  might  the  more  judiciously  distribute  the  sub 
stantial  aid  and  comfort  directed  to  this  channel,  from 
the  good  people  at  home. 

When  the  Army  of  the  James  was  organized  for  the 
campaign  of  1864,  she  arranged  to  leave  her  charge  in 
Washington,  and  follow  its  destinies.  She  was  a  better 
general  than  McClellan,  for  she  always  managed  to  have 
a  good  stock  of  supplies,  and  was  ready  to  move  at  a 
moment's  notice.  She  also  had  the  rare  faculty  of  ar 
ranging  the  forces  under  her  charge,  and  of  leading  off 
in  the  execution  of  her  own  plans.  She  was  an  inces 
sant  worker  herself  and  kept  every  body  around  her  at 


126  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

work.  If  she  were  to  frame  a  ritual,  she.would  be  quite 
sure  to  have  in  it  something  like  this  :  "  From  empty 
titles  and  hollow  pretensions, — Good  Lord  deliver  us. 
From  kid-gloved  nurses  who  stand  by  the  bedside  of 
human  suffering,  merely  simpering,  my  good  fellow  I 
pity  you, — Good  Lord  deliver  us." 

During  the  sanguinary  conflict  at  Cold  Harbor,  she 
established  herself  at  White  House,  rendering  great  ser 
vice  to  our  soldiers,  who  suffered  severely.  It  was  here 
that  Capt.  Smith  died,  and  here  too,  a  few  days  after  the 
original  volunteers  of  the  Second  embarked  for  home  to 
be  mustered  out,  leaving  the  re-enlisted  veterans  and 
recruits  to  add  new  luster  to  the  fame  already  achieved 
by  this  noble  regiment.  Miss  Dame  remained  with  us, 
caring  for  our  sick  and  wounded,  until  we  all  swung 
around  in  front  of  Petersburg. 

In  the  Eighteenth  Army  Corps  field  hospital,  at 
Broadway  Landing,  she  could  be  seen  to  advantage — 
one  moment  distributing  garments,  comfort-bags,  cor 
dials,  &c.,  from  her  private  tent,  at  another  moving 
under  the  large  cooking  tent,  surrounded  with  delicate 
and  substantial  articles  of  diet,  and  the  large  kettles 
steaming  with  wholesome  and  palatable  food  in  a  state 
of  preparation.  This  tent  was  her  throne;  but  she  did 
not  sit  upon  it.  From  this  place  she  issued  her  orders, 
dispatched  her  messengers,  and  distributed  luxuries  to 
thousands.  Here  she  not  only  ruled  with  system,  but 
with  sleeves  rolled  up,  toiled  harder  than  any  of  her 
assistants. 

In  visiting  my  sick  men  in  the  hospital,  and  in  pro 
curing  such  articles  of  comfort  as  were  necessary  to 
keep  the  partially  indisposed  from  following  them,  I 
had  occasion  to  call  on  Miss  Dame  quite  frequently. 
Her  first  inquiries  would  generally  be — "  Well  Chap 
lain,  how  are  the  boys  at  the  front?  Are  any  of  them 
sick  ?  When  are  they  going  to  get  their  pay  ?  Is  there 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  127 

anything  I  can  send  them  that  will  do  them  good  ?" 
Many  a  can  of  condensed  milk,  beef  tea,  preserved 
fruit,  with  Jamaica  ginger,  blackberry  syrup,  farina, 
corn  starch,  and  under  garments  for  those  who  had 
none  to  change,  stockings,  mittens  &c.,  &c.,  have  I  re 
ceived  from  her  to  distribute  among  the  feeble  ones 
who  did  not  wish  to  leave  the  front,  and  who  had  not 
seen  the  paymaster  for  six  or  eight  months.  She  un 
derstood  the  importance  of  having  the  soldier  keep  up 
his  correspondence  with  home ;  and  the  destitute  never 
lacked  for  a  postage  stamp  to  forward  his  missive,  if  she 
could  supply  it. 

After  having  compassed  the  rebel  capital  on  all  sides 
during  her  three  years  of  active  service  on  the  field,  and 
in  the  hospital,  it  was  her  privilege  to  join  our  regiment 
soon  after  it  entered  the  city  of  Richmond.  And  right 
well  she  enjoyed  it,  for  a  more  patriotic  heart  than 
her's  never  beat.  But  even  now,  and  here,  her  minis 
trations  were  needed,  and  were  cheerfully  offered. 
When  the  excitement  of  war  had  passed  away  and  no 
longer  quickened  the  pulse  or  braced  the  nerve,  many 
of  our  men  found  themselves  victims  of  chronic  diseases 
and  broken-down  constitutions.  Many  a  soldier  who 
had  for  three  years  looked  wistfully  toward  home,  and 
now  confidently  expected  to  reach  it  in  a  few  weeks,  or 
months  at  most,  must  lie  down  upon  the  bed  of  sick 
ness,  and  turn  his  face  the  other  way  to  follow  the  beck 
of  Death,  who  was  still  busily  engaged  in  opening  graves 
in  the  distant  South.  From  her  headquarters  at  our 
regiment,  she  visited  our  own  men,  and  those  of  other 
regiments,  cheering  the  sick  and  desponding  by  her 
presence,  and  alleviating  distress  by  skillful  nursing, 
and  substantial  benefactions. 

On  the  10th  of  July,  1865,  our  regiment  was  sent  by  cars 
to  Fredericksburg.  Miss  Dame  accompanied  us.  Ow- 
ng  to  the  destruction  of  the  track,  we  were  left  as  night 


128  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

came  on,  two  miles  below  the  city.  The  sick  men  occu 
pied  one  freight  car,  Surgeon  Stone  and  myself  another, 
and  Miss  Dame,  among  piles  of  baggage,  made  her  home 
in  the  third.  .But  she  seemed  to  think  she  was  highly 
favored  to  have  a  rude  freight  car  so  much  to  herself, 
and  was  only  anxious  to  make  the  sick  ones  as  comfort 
able  as  possible.  One  man  she  sent  to  the  nearest  farm 
house  for  milk  and  other  things  that  were  needed,  and 
others  in  other  directions,  so  that  the  hospital  was  soon 
in  tolerable  running  order.  From  Fredericksburg  she 
went  to  Washington ;  and  soon  returned  with  fresh  sup 
plies,  to  resume  her  duties.  On  the  27th  of  July,  after 
the  headquarters  of  the  regiment  had  been  moved  to 
Warsaw  Court  House,  she  took  the  steamer  for  that 
place,  where  in  a  few  weeks  she  finished  the  prosecution 
of  her  mission  in  person. 

The  question  is  sometimes  asked,  "  Was  there  not 
something  indelicate  in  such  familiar  association  with 
society  composed  entirely  of  men  ?  And  did  she  not 
subject  herself  to  insult  from  the  rude  soldiery  ?  "  It  is 
wholly  gratuitous  to  say  that  the  military  authorities 
would  'have  shielded  her.  She  had  no  need  of  this. 
Her  devoted  spirit,  discreet  bearing,  and  holy  mission, 
were  all  the  protection  she  needed.  A  mother  could 
be  no  safer  with  her  children,  nor  a  sister  safer  with  her 
brothers,  than  was  Miss  Dame  among  the  New  Hamp 
shire  soldiers.  If  we  may  suppose  that  one  could  be 
so  thoughtless,  as  by  word  or  deed  to  offend,  a  single 
word  from  her  would  have  put  every  sword  and  bayo 
net  of  the  command  between  her  and  the  offender ;  and 
diminish  his  chances  of  life,  by  as  many  times  as  there 
were  men  in  the  command. 

Two  or  three  times  during  the  war,  her  tent,  with 
most  of  her  personal  effects,  was  destroyed  by  fire,  by 
which,  and  in  other  ways,  she  sustained  a  loss  of  hund 
reds  of  dollars. 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  129 

Of  hardships,  dangers,  and  losses,  she  never  com 
plained.  But  she  was  always  ready  to  complain  for  the 
needy,  and  of  those  who  were  recreant,  as  the  agents  of 
other's  charities. 

The  State  has  given  but  a  faint  expression  of  its  obli 
gations  to  this  most  practical  and  efficient  of  all  its  he 
roic  female  representatives  in  the  War  of  the  Rebellion. 
She  deserves  a  monument,  but  does  not  need  one.  Her 
noble  deeds  are  engraved  upon  the  memories  of 
thousands,  whose  children  and  children's  children  will 
rehearse  them  as  among  the  most  beautiful  that  adorn 
the  annals  of  our  military  history. 

The  Second  Regiment  left  Portsmouth  by  cars  on 
the  morning  of  the  20th  of  June,  1861.  and  arrived  in 
Boston  about  twelve  o'clock,  where  they  were  received 
at  the  Eastern  Railroad  station  by  an  association  of  the 
Sons  of  New  Hampshire,  to  the  number  of  about  four 
teen  hundred,  headed  by  the  Boston  Cadets,  and  accom 
panied  by  Gilmore's  Band,  all  under  the  mar»halship  of 
Col.  0.  A.  Brewster,  formerly  of  Hanover.  The  pro 
cession  marched  through  Blackstone,  Commercial,  State, 
Court,  Treinont  and  Winter  streets  to  Music  Ilau,  where 
a  sumptuous  collation  was  spread.  The  streets  all  along 
the  route  were  crowded  with  spectators,  who  cheered 
the  troops  at  every  step.  Haymarket  Square  was  a 
literal  sea  of  heads. 

Music  Hall  was  very  appropriately  and  tastefully  dec 
orated.  The  galleries  were  occupied  by  the  Sons  of 
New  Hampshire  and  the  floor  by  the  troops,  and  every 
seat  in  the  hall  was  filled.  Vociferous  cheers  were 
given  as  the  different  parties,  Governor  Berry  and 
suite,  and  Ex-Governor  Goodwin  of  New  Hampshire, 
Governor  Andrew,  of  Massachusetts,  the  Cadets,  and 
the  soldiers,  arrived  in  the  hall.  The  Marshal  called 
the  company  to  order,  and  after  a  blessing  was  invoked 


130  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

by  Eev.  Dr.  Quint,  then  of  Jamaica  Plains,  the  eating 
commenced,  at  the  conclusion  of  which  Hon.  Marshall 
P.  Wilder,  a  native  of  Kludge,  was  introduced  as  the 
representative  of  the  Sons  of  New  Hampshire.  He 
bade  the  regiment  a  hearty  welcome.  He  reminded 
them  of  the  revolutionary  renown  of  their  State,  and  of 
their  patriotic  Governor,  John  Xangdon,  who  pledged 
his  last  cent  for  the  good  of  the  country.  He  said  that 
war  was  a  terrible  crime ;  but  that  an  attack  upon  the 
integrity  of  the  Union  more  than  justified  it.  The  Stars 
and  Stripes  must  be  respected  south  as  well  as  north  of 
Mason  and  Dixon's  line,  and  concluded  by  eloquently 
reminding  Col.  Marstou  of  the  importance  of  his  trust. 

Col.  ^Marston  responded,  and  said  in  substance  that 
he  could  not  find  words  to  express  his  emotions  of  grat 
itude  at  the  cordiality  of  the  reception  tendered  hia  regi 
ment.  The  scenes  of  this  day  will  nerve  our  hearts  to 
do  all  that  man  can  do  for  the  honor  of  New  Hampshire, 
God  bless  her.  We  have  not  left  our  happy  and  peace 
ful  homes  for  a  war  of  conquest  or  oppression  of  any 
body.  We  have  taken  up  arms  to  preserve  the  freest 
and  best  government  against  the  most  causeless  rebel 
lion  ever  conceived.  And  we  will  do  it !  Wheiv  this 
war  commenced,  some  doubt  was  expressed  whether 
the  people  of  the  free  states,  having  always  been  en 
gaged  in  the  pursuits  of  peace,  would  be  able  to  defend 
the  Union ;  but  the  uprising  of  the  whole  North  had 
settled  that  point.  Massachusetts  had  been  the  first  in 
the  contest,  as  she  was  in  the  revolution.  Many  a  tear 
ful  eye  witnessed  the  march  of  the  gallant  Sixth  of  this 
State,  in  Washington,  through  Penns}7lvania  Avenue, 
hungry  and  fatigued,  after  the  scenes  in  Baltimore,  but 
as  gallant  and  unsubdued  a  set  of  men  as  ever  upheld 
the  honor  of  any  country.  He  said  the  Second  New 
Hampshire  Regiment  was  not  composed  of  military 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  131 

men,  but  civilians,  yet,  if  they  were  given  work  to  do, 
he  would  answer  for  them,  in  the  language  of  Colonel 
Miller,  "We'll  try,  sir."  Col.  Marston  was  frequently 
interrupted  during  his  remarks  by  the  most  enthusiastic 
cheers. 

The  regiment  left  Music  Hall  about  half-past  two,  and 
marched  to  the  Parade  Ground  upon  the  Common, 
where  they  were  reviewed  by  Gov.  Andrew  and  Staff, 
Gov.  Berry,  and  Ex-Gov.  Goodwin.  The  marching  was 
admirable,  better  than  that  of  any  regiment  that  had 
left  Boston  for  the  seat  of  war,  and  was  loudly  ap 
plauded. 

The  review  concluded,  the  regiment  marched  to  the 
Fall  River  Railroad  station,  where  they  embarked  on 
board  the  cars  for  New  York.  The  train  consisted  of 
twenty-two  cars,  drawn  by  two  heavy  locomotives.  At 
Fall  River  the  regiment  was  transferred  from  cars  to 
steamboats,  and  arrived  at  New  York  about  eleven 
o'clock,  A.  M.,  on  the  21st.  They  were  warmly  wel 
comed  by  the  Sons  of  New  Hampshire  in  that  city,  each 
of  whom  wore  an  appropriate  badge.  II.  B.  Perkins 
delivered  an  eloquent  welcoming  speech,  as  follows  : 

SONS  OF  NEW  HAMPSHIRE: — A  few  weeks  since  the 
Sons  of  New  Hampshire  resident  in  this  city,  received 
with  distinguished  honors,  the  First  New  Hampshire 
Regiment,  and  to-day  they  are  proud  to  recognize  you 
as  the  worthy  recipients  of  a  like  demonstration.  In 
the  name  then,  and  in  behalf  of  the  Sons  of  New  Hamp 
shire,  and  of  great  and 'loyal  New  York,  we  bid  you  a 
most  cordial  welcome.  It  has  been  very  truly  said, 
that  there  have  been  men  of  a  spirit  so  noble  that, 
in  serving  their  country,  they  had  in  view  no  motives 
of  a  selfish  character,  beyond,  indeed,  the  satisfaction 
of  having  done  so ;  and  the  time  is  not  far  distant, 
when  all  right  thinking  men  will  gladly  recognize  the 


132  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

brave  soldiers  who  are  now  so  heroically  defending  the 
honor  of  our  country's  flag,  as  belonging  to  their  class 
of  men ;  and  when  the  Davises  and  the  Beauregards  of 
the  South,  shall  be  remembered  as  only  they  may  be, 
whose  names  are  written  but  in  sand,  and  when  the 
braves  of  the  Crimea  and  the  heroes  of  the  Indies  shall 
live  only  in  brass  and  marble,  the  names  of  Scott,  of 
Ellsworth,  and  of  Butler,  will  be  inscribed  on  our  broad 
prairies-  -will  be  murmured  in  every  brook — will  be 
mirrored  in  every  lake — and  will  be  written  in  every 
valley  and  on  every  mountain  peak,  throughout  the 
length  and  breath  of  our  land. 

Soldiers,  yours  is  not  an  avenging,  a  devastating  mis 
sion.  You  go  forth  to  build  up  and  to  maintain  our 
beloved  Union — to  preserve  our  nationality,  and  to  save 
a  bold,  a  reckless,  and  now  a  wretched,  a  piratical  and 
rebellious  people  from  a  fate  worse,  I  may  almost  say, 
than  that  of  the  fabled  Ixion,  who,  for  the  murder  of 
his  own  sister,  was  doomed  to  be  perpetually  spun  upon 
a  wheel,  amid  hissing  serpents,  and  the  burning  lava- 
tide  of  hell. 

Soldiers  of  New  Hampshire  !  We,  who  were  born 
and  nurtured  amid  the  same  granite  hills  to  which  you 
have  just  bidden  adieu — we  whose  kindred  and  friends 
are  pillowed  on  her  rocky  bosom — we  are  proud  of  you 
to-day,  and  feel  that  the  spirit  of  Stark  and  Langdon 
still  lives  and  animates  your  bosoms.  Onward !  on 
ward  !  then,  shall  be  our  motto,  as  we  know  it  is  yours ; 
onward,  until  the  demon  of  treason  and  disunion  is 
crushed  from  our  land  (cheers),  and  Yankee  Doodle 
and  the  Star  Spangled  Banner  shall  again  thrill  the 
hearts  of  a  patriotic,  a  united,  an  invincible  people. 
(Cheers.) 

Charles  Soule  followed  Mr.  Perkins  in  a  brief  but 
eloquent  speech,  and  presented  an  elegant  silk  flag — 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  133 

the  same  under  which  the  regiment  fought  many  of  its 
hardest  battles.  It  is  now  deposited  in  the  rotunda  of 
the  State  House,  Concord,  riddled  with  rebel  bullets 
and  missiles  so  that  it  would  be  difficult  to  recognize 
it  as  the  same  beautiful  ensign  which  they  received 
from  the  hands  of  their  friends  in  New  York.  If  it  is 
tarnished  by  the  fire  and  smoke  of  battle,  and  its  folds 
torn  by  the  shot  and  shell  of  the  foes  of  the  country,  it 
never  suffered  dishonor.  The  speaker  reminded  the 
troops  of  the  axiom  that  a  consciousness  of  right  always 
engenders  strength,  and  asked  them  to  see  to  it  that 
every  traitor  at  the  South  shall  meet  with  a  traitor's 
doom. 

The  following  is  a  report,  published  in  a  New  York 
paper  at  the  time,  of  Col.  Marston's  reply : 

The  Colonel,  Gilman  Marston,  listened  to  the  ad 
dresses  on  horseback,  and  with  uncovered  head.  His 
horse  had  stood  meanwhile  with  little  or  no  manifesta 
tion  of  uneasiness,  but  when  his  rider's  voice  was 
raised  in  response,  the  animal  curvetted  about  consid 
erably  ;  the  Colonel,  nevertheless,  spoke  easily,  and 
with  as  much  dignity  as  his  peculiar  position  at  the 
time  permitted,  pausing  for  a  moment  and  reining  up 
his  horse  in  front  of  the  committeemen,  as  often  as  the 
impatient  steed  carried  him  beyond  the  formal  position 
he  had  at  first  taken.  During  the  delivery  of  his  reply, 
he  said  that  in  behalf  of  the  regiment  and  himself, 
he  presented  their  united  and  grateful  thanks  for  the 
kind  welcome  they  had  been  given,  and  the  gift  of  so 
beautiful  a  flag.  The  stars  and  stripes  had  always  been 
a  type  of  our  Union,  to  uphold  which  they  had  left  the 
comforts  of  home  to  undergo  the  deprivations  and  trials 
of  war ;  but  he  hoped  that,  by  the  blessing  of  God,  the 
Union  would  be  maintained  for  transmission  to  other 
generations.  He  accepted  the  flag  for  the  regiment, 


134  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  pledged  for  them  their  devotion  to  it,  and  their 
determination  to  uphold  it  with  all  their  strength. 

The  flag  was  then  carried  to  the  line,  the  Sons  of 
New  Hampshire  formed  into  sections  at  the  head  of 
the  regiment,  whose  band  struck  up  a  national  air, 
when  the  regimental  line  broke  into  platoons,  and  the 
whole  column  moved  up  Broadway  amid  the  applause 
and  cheers  of  the  thousands  of  spectators  who  crowded 
the  streets  and  admired  the  stalwart  appearance  and 
soldierly  bearing  of  the  men.  The  officers  dined  with 
the  committee  of  arrangements,  at  the  Everett  House, 
and  the  men  were  entertained  at  the  Arsenal.  In  the 
afternoon  the  regiment  departed  for  Washington,  by 
cars,  arrived  there  about  noon  on  the  23d,  and  went  into 
camp  at  Colorama  Hill,  about  a  mile  north  of  the  city. 

While  passing  through  New  Jersey,  Lieut.  Charles 
W.  Walker,  of  Co.  B,  fell  from  the  cars  and  was  so 
badly  injured  that  he  soon  died.  His  remains  .were 
sent  back  to  Concord  where  his  funeral  was  attended 
by  members  of  the  Legislature  and  a  large  concourse 
of  citizens. 

The  Second  was  brigaded  with  the  First  and  Second 
Rhode  Island  and  Seventy-first  New  York — all  excellent 
regiments.  Attached  to  the  brigade  was  the  Second 
Rhode  Island  Battery,  and  the  Seventy-first  New  York 
had  two  Dahlgren  howitzers,  manned  by  two  of  its  com 
panies.  Col.  Ambrose  E.  Burnside,  of  the  Second  Rhode 
Island,  was  in  command  of  the  brigade. 

THE  BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN. 

On  the  16th  of  July  the  regiment  started  on  its  first 
campaign,  with  full  ranks.  Men  who  for  weeks  had 
been  on  the  sick-list,  now  reported  themselves  for  duty, 
lest  they  should  be  left  behind  in  what  they  fondly  be 
lieved  would  be  the  death  blow  of  the  rebellion.  It  was 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  135 

a  very  hot  day,  and  many  of  the  men,  overcome  with 
heat,  fell  out  by  the  way.  The  brigade  bivouacked  for 
the  night  at  Bailey's  Cross  Roads.  The  next  day,  late 
in  the  afternoon,  they  entered  Fairfax  Court  House  with 
banners  flying  and  bands  playing,  and  the  brigade 
stacked  their  arms  on  the  village  green,  while  the  colors 
of  the  Second  were  displayed  from  the  cupola  of  the 
court  house.  Among  the  captures  made  here  was  a 
rebel  mail,  containing  on  paper  many  evidences  of 
Southern  prowess.  The  march  was  resumed  early  on 
the  morning  of  the  18th.  In  the  afternoon  the  roar  of 
cannon  and  musketry  was  heard,  and  several  wounded 
men  coming  back  created  the  most  intense  excitement, 
by  their  reports,  among  the  troops  at  the  rear.  The 
Second  went  into  camp  near  Centerville,  the  spirits  of 
the  men  being  at  fever  heat,  where  they  remained  until 
one  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  21st,  when  they  again 
moved  forward.  At  daylight  they  were  leading  Hunter's 
Division  on  the  way  to  Bull  Run.  At  half-past  nine 
o'clock  the  enemy  was  discovered  in  strong  force  ahead. 
Half  a  mile  further  on  the  Rhode  Island  regiment  filed 
into  the  fields  on  the  left,  while  the  Second  kept  on  up 
the  road.  They  had  just  entered  the  shade  of  a  wood 
when  a  cannon  ball  came  screaming  and  crashing 
through  the  trees  overhead,  followed  immediately  by 
others,  and  fierce  volleys  of  musketry.  The  excitement 
was  now  unbounded;  all  superfluous  baggage  was 
thrown  off,  and  a  rapid  movement  launched  the  regi 
ment  from  the  woods  upon  the  battle  field  of  Bull  Run, 
and  it  engaged  in  the  fight.  Col.  Marston  was  wounded 
in  the  shoulder  by  a  rifle  ball,  and  was  carried  to  the 
rear.  His  wound  was  hastily  bound  up,  he  returned 
to  the  field  to  lead  his  men,  and  was  received  by  them 
with  tumultuous  applause. 

The  fighting  was  of  the   most   desperate   character. 
Regiments  charged  the  enemy  gallantly  and  with  broken 


136  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

ranks  came  back  to  the  rear  to  re-form  and  again  advance. 
The  battle  continued  until  early  in  the  afternoon,  when 
the  firing  almost  ceased,  and  Gen.  McDowell  rode  down 
the  line  and  informed  the  soldiers  that  a  great  victory 
had  been  won,  which  drew  forth  much  cheering.  The 
troops  were  in  a  very  disorganized  condition.  Many 
regiments  could  not  muster  half  their  numbers,  while 
the  reserves  were  miles  away.  Rebel  re-enforcements 
were  brought  by  railroad  and  put  into  the  field,  to  wrest 
from  the  Union  army  its  dearly  bought  triumph.  At  the 
same  time  an  unaccountable  panic  seized  our  troops,  and 
while  the  frightened  rebels  were  making  rapid  progress 
towards  Manassas,  many  of  the  Union  army  were  flying 
towards  Washington.  The  Second  formed  upon  the  field 
in  good  order  to  meet  the  fresh  troops  of  the  enemy,  and 
it  was  sent  to  the  front  to  take  the  place  of  other  regi 
ments  which  were  falling  back  in  a  disorganized  condi 
tion.  It  filed  down  into  the  valley  where  it  was  exposed 
to  a  murderous  fire,  the  men  falling  at  every  step.  A 
halt  was  made  behind  a  ridge  for  the  purpose  of  re-form 
ing  the  ranks,  when  it  again  advanced  on  its  way  up  the 
hill,  and  came  into  position  facing  a  rebel  battery,  posted 
by  the  ruins  of  some  log  houses,  behind  which  a  body  of 
rebels  kept  up  an  incessant  fire  on  the  regiment,  which 
soon  caused  it  to  fall  back.  At  this  time  regiment  after 
regiment  of  Johnston's  men  came  from  the  woods,  and 
moving  in  solid  columns  against  the  broken  regiments 
of  the  Union  army,  swept  triumphantly  on,  the  whole 
force  opposing  them  joining  in  the  retreat  that  closed  the 
first  disaster  on  the  first  great  battle  field  of  the  war. 

The  Second,  with  the  rest  of  the  brigade,  continued  the 
retreat  until  "Washington  was  reached.  After  several 
days  the  loss  of  the  regiment  was  reported  to  be  seven 
killed,  fifty-six  wounded  and  forty-six  prisoners.  Of  the 
latter  many  were  supposed  to  have  died  upon  the  field, 
and  of  those  reported  killed  two  returned  after  a  long 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  137 

confinement  in  rebel  prisons.  Capt.  Hiram  Rollins  was 
severely  wounded  in  the  shoulder,  in  consequence  of 
which  he  resigned  Oct.  14,  1862. 

Early  in  August  the  Second  moved  to  Bladensburg, 
Md.,  about  four  miles  from  Washington,  and  with  the 
First  and  Eleventh  Massachusetts  and  Twenty-sixth  Penn 
sylvania,  formed  a  brigade  under  the  command  of  Gen. 
Joseph  Hooker.  Here  they  remained  about  two  months, 
drilling. and  learning  the  duties  of  military  life.  About 
the  middle  of  October,  Hooker's  brigade  was  ordered  to 
the  lower  Potomac,  where  the  rebels  had  established  a 
blockade  of  the  river.  Sickle's  Excelsior  brigade  ar 
rived,  and  with  Hooker's  formed  a  division,  of  which 
Gen.  Hooker  assumed  command,  leaving  his  brigade  in 
command  of  Col.  Cowdin,  of  the  First  Massachusetts 
regiment,  and  the  division  marched  to  Budd's  Ferry,  over 
the  roughest  of  roads.  They  went  into  winter  quarters, 
and  passed  the  next  few  months  in  building  corduroy 
roads,  erecting  comfortable  winter  quarters,  and  such 
amusements  as  camp  life  aiforded.  Early  in  the  winter 
Gen.  Patterson  arrived  with  the  Second  I^ew  Jersey 
brigade.  About  the  middle  of  February  Gen.  ISTaglee 
of  Pennsylvania,  an  accomplished  officer,  was  assigned 
to  the  command  of  the  First  Brigade.  By  reason  of  his 
strict  discipline  he  very  soon  became  unpopular  with  the 
men,  who  looked  upon  him  as  a  tryant.  He  thought  the 
guard  house  of  the  Second  Regiment  was  altogether  too 
comfortable  quarters  for  prisoners  confined  there,  and 
ordered  Col.  Marston  to  build  a  dungeon,  without  so 
much  as  a  crack  or  an  opening  anywhere,  so  that  it 
should  be  perfectly  dark.  The  dungeon  was  built,  and 
one  day  Gen.  Naglee  went  over  to  inspect  it,  accom 
panied  by  the  Colonel.  "  Where  is  the  entrance,"  said 
the  General,  "and  how  do  you  get  anybody  into  it?" 
"O!"  said  Col.  Marston,  "that  is  not  my  lookout.  I 
obeyed  orders  to  the  letter !  How  do  you  like  it  ? " 


138  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

The  General  made  no  reply.  The  dungeon  stood  just 
as  it  was  built  until  after  the  regiment  left  in  the  spring 
for  the  Peninsula. 

On  the  5th  of  April,  1862,  the  division  broke  camp, 
embarked  on  board  of  steamers  for  the  Peninsula, 
and  joined  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown.  About  this  time 
Gen.  Naglee  went  to  another  division,  and  his  place  was 
supplied  by  Gen.  Cuvier  Grover,  whom  all 'soon  learned 
to  respect  and  love.  This  was  a  period  of  hard  work, 
erecting  fortifications,  digging  parallels  and  constructing 
corduroy  roads  and  bridges.  The  parallels  which  "Wash 
ington  had  built  still  existed,  and  mementoes  of  the  rev 
olutionary  struggle  were  daily  dug  out  of  the  soil,  such 
as  bullets,  balls  and  bleaching  bones.  The  site  of  Corn- 
wallis'  surrender,  marked  by  a  granite  stone,  was  not 
accessible  then,  but  was  visited  by  thousands  after  the 
surrender  of  Yorktown. 

Early  on  the  morning  of  the  4th  of  May,  Yorktown 
was  abandoned  by  the  enemy,  and  in  an  hour  after  the 
evacuation  was  known  Hooker's  division  was  marching 
in  pursuit  of  them.  So  sudden  was  the  movement  that 
the  men  had  to  leave  without  rations,  and  were  almost 
without  food  for  two  days.  They  marched  straight 
through  the  deserted  town,  having  first  carefully  re 
moved  or  marked  the  position  of  the  torpedoes  with 
which  the  ground  was  thickly  planted,  and  which  had 
already  in  some  instances  exploded  and  frightfully  man 
gled  the  soldiers  who  stepped  upon  them.  Late  in  the 
afternoon  a  few  wounded  cavalrymen,  coming  to  the 
rear,  announced  that  the  rebels  were  a  little  distance 
ahead,  in  line  of  battle,  on  the  "Williamsburg  road.  The 
division,  after  a  short  halt  to  load  their  guns,  toiled 
on  into  the  darkness,  over  stumps  and  through 
swamps,  until  midnight,  when  the  men  threw  them 
selves  upon  the  ground  to  get  a  little  rest  for  the  com 
ing  contest. 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  139 

THE  BATTLE  OF  WILLIAMSBURG. 

At  an  early  hour,  on  the  morning  of  the  5th  of  May, 
amid  a  cold,  drizzling  rain,  the  march  was  resumed,  the 
men  picking  their  way  along  the  muddy  road  as  "best 
they  could.  Two  miles  brought  them  to  the  enemy's 
pickets,  who  greeted  them  with  a  few  shots,  and  dispo 
sitions  were  at  once  made  for  a  fight.  Company  B,  with 
Sharp's  rifles,  deployed  forward  as  skirmishers,  while 
the  brigade  formed  in  line  of  battle,  with  two  regiments 
on  each  side  of  the  road.  The  skirmishers  commenced 
an  advance,  followed  by  the  line,  engaging  the  ener 
my's  skirmishers,  struggling  through  a  heavy  abattis, 
until  the  edge  of  the  slashing  was  reached,  when  they 
took  cover  behind  the  fallen  trees  and  stumps.  In  front 
was  a  broad  undulating  plain,  and  the  spires  of  Will- 
iamsburg  were  seen  in  the  distance.  Between  was  a 
line  of  small  redoubts,  the  largest  called  Fort  Magruder, 
and  mounted  with  guns  commanding  the  road.  There 
was  also  a  line  of  rifle  pits  from  each  of  which  came  a 
fire  so  well  directed  that  several  of  our  men,  though 
well  covered,  were  hit.  For  three  hours  things  remained 
in  this  position,  our  troops  looking  for  re-enforcements. 
At  last  a  regular  battery  came  up  the  road  and  took 
position  in  front  of  the  line.  The  rebel  guns  at  once 
opened  upon  the  battery,  and  the  gunners  fled  without 
firing  a  shot,  amid  the  curses  of  the  whole  brigade,  from 
which  a  company  of  volunteer  artillerists  was  organized, 
under  direction  of  the  officers  of  the  battery,  and  worked 
the  guns  so  effectively  that  Fort  Magruder  was  soon 
silenced.  At  this  point  a  heavy  force  of  rebels  made  an 
advance  against  the  left  of  the  line,  which  had  been 
strengthened  by  the  arrival  of  the  rest  of  the  division, 
and  the  battle  commenced  in  earnest.  The  troops  on 
the  left  fought  bravely,  but  being  unsupported  gave 
way,  which  rendered  the  position  of  the  right  untenable, 


140  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  Grover's  brigade  fell  back  to  the  edge  of  the  woods. 
In  the  woods  a  skirmish  line  was  formed  and  a  fierce 
bushfight  ensued,  with  varied  results,  for  several  hours. 
During  this  fight  Capt.  Leonard  Drown,  of  Company  E, 
a  brave  and  noble  officer,  was  killed.  Lieut.  David 
Steele,  of  Company  G,  with  a  few  men  of  his  company, 
encountered  a  squad  of  rebels  of  twice  his  own  number. 
He  dashed  in  among  them,  swinging  his  sword,  and 
shouted  at  the  top  of  his  voice  :  "  Surrender,  you  d — d 
scoundrels,  or  I  will  blow  your  brains  out ! "  They  at 
once  threw  down  {heir  arms  and  were  made  prisoners. 

The  guns  at  Fort  Magruder,  being  relieved  from  the 
fire  of  our  batteries,  opened  again,  and  were  replied  to 
by  three  Napoleon  guns  on  our  side,  which  poured  a 
constant  fire  of  grape  and  canister  into  the  rebel  ranks. 
Heintzelman,  Hooker,  and  Grover  were  everywhere 
encouraging  the  men.  The  division  held  its  ground 
until  nearly  dark,  when  Kearney  arrived  with  his  di 
vision,  the  tide  of  battle  was  quickly  turned,  and  the  rebels 
were  driven  from  the  field  in  confusion.  The  loss  on 
the  Union  side,  in  this  battle,  was  put  down  at  fifteen 
hundred  and  seventy-five.  The  Second,  from  its  position 
and  manner  of  fighting,  suffered  less  than  those  regi 
ments  which,  in  dense  line  of  battle,  were  more  exposed 
to  the  enemy's  fire.  Its  loss  was  reported  as  eighteen 
killed,  sixty-six  wounded,  and  twenty-three  missing. 
Capt.  Evarts  "W.  Farr  lost  his  right  arm,  Lieut.  Samuel 
0.  Burnham  was  severly  wounded,  and  Capt.  Edward 
L.  Bailey  suffered  an  ugly  contusion. 

On  the  6th  the  Second  buried  their  dead  and  marked 
the  graves  the  best  they  could,  and  cared  for  the 
wounded.  The  brigade  moved  near  the  town,  and  Gen. 
Grover  was  appointed  military  governor.  They  per 
formed  provost  duty  there  for  some  time  while  the  rest  of 
the  army  moved  up  the  Peninsula.  The  public  build 
ings  were  filled  with  wounded  rebels,  who  were  well 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  141 

attended  and  cared  for  by  the  secessionists  of  the  place. 
The  brigade  was  finally  relieved  by  a  detachment  of 
cavalry,  and  in  its  turn  proceeded  up  the  Peninsula,  and 
joined  the  main  body  at  Bottom  Bridge,  where  the 
troops  were  waiting  the  order  to  advance.  A  day  or 
two  afterwards  they  moved  to  Poplar  Hill,  six  miles 
from  Fair  Oaks. 

THE  BATTLE  OF  FAIR  OAKS. 

The  battle  of  Fair  Oaks  commenced  on  the  last  day 
of  May,  1862.  On  the  second  day  of  the  fight  Gen. 
Hooker  took  the  two  other  brigades  of  his  division  and 
went  to  the  assistance  of  Gen.  Casey  in  that  fearful  bat 
tle.  Gen.  Grover's  brigade,  meantime,  lay  in  line  of 
battle,  with  the  bridges  of  the  intervening  stream  torn 
up,  and  artillery  guarding  the  passage,  expecting  an 
attack ;  but  the  defeat  of  the  rebels  by  Gen.  Sumner 
secured  them  from  all  danger.  On  the* 3d  of  June  the 
brigade  marched  to  Fair  Oaks  and  relieved  the  Excel 
sior  brigade  in  the  trenches,  where  they  remained 
twenty-four  hours  under  arms,  wet  and  shivering,  with 
out  fire,  surrounded  by  the  putrifying  corpses  of  men 
slain  in  the  recent  battle ;  the  enemy's  pickets,  a  few 
hundred  yards  in  front,  occasionally  firing,  which  now 
and  then  increased  almost  to  a  volley,  keeping  the  men 
continually  on  the  alert,  momentarily  expecting  a  charge. 
When  they  were  relieved  they  went  into  camp  a  short 
distance  to  the  rear.  The  warm  weather  in  a  few  days 
caused  a  horrible  stench  to  arise,  which  with  the  hard 
labor,  the  miasma  of  the  swamps  and  the  bad  water, 
soon  seriously  affected  the  health  of  the  men. 

The  Sixteenth  Massachusetts  Regiment  joined  the 
brigade  about  the  middle  of  June.  On  the  23d  five 
companies  of  the  Second,  with  a  portion  of  the  Six 
teenth  Massachusetts,  drove  in  the  rebel  pickets.  The 


142  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

rebels  met  the  attack  with  a  line  of  battle  and  re-es 
tablished  their  picket  line.  Two  days  later  the  whole 
division  went  out,  and  after  an  obstinate  fight  forced 
back  the  rebel  pickets  and  placed  the  Union  pickets  in 
their  line.  The  First  Massachusetts  opened  the  attack, 
and  were  followed  by  company  B,  of  the  Second,  which 
fought  desperately,  losing  twenty-two  killed  and 
wounded  out  of  forty-two  taken  into  the  fight,  The 
whole  regiment  afterward  went  in  and  lost  about 
seventy  men  during  the  day.  * 

On  the  26th  and  27th  of  June  were  fought,  on  the 
north  side  of  the  Chickahominy,  the  bloody  battles  of 
Mechanicsville  and  Games'  Hill,  which  resulted  in  with 
drawing  the  whole  army  to  the  south  side  of  the  river, 
and  was  the  beginning  of  the  memorable  "  Seven  Days' 
Fight,"  and  the  retreat  to  the  James  Eiver. 

THE  SEVEN  DAYS'  FIGHT. 

On  the  morning  of  the  28th  of  June  Gen.  Hooker's 
division  was  under  arms  and  on  the  retreat.  Every 
article  that  could  not  be  carried  was  burned  or  other 
wise  destroyed.  The  retreat  was  well  covered,  and  be 
fore  the .  next  morning  the  Union  forces  were  safely 
across  White  Oak  Swamp,  with  the  bridges  over  the 
creek  destroyed.  On  the  morning  of  the  29th  a  line  of 
battle  was  formed,  in  a  huge  semicircle  extending  from 
the  Swamp  to  Charles  City  Cross  Roads,  Hooker's  di 
vision  being  at  the  latter  place  with  a  strong  picket 
thrown  out  toward  Richmond,  while  the  enormous 
wagon  train  moved  on  toward  Harrison's  Landing. 
The  enemy  came  up  and  engaged  the  right  of  the  line 
during  the  forenoon,  but  it  was  not  until  three  o'clock 
in  the  afternoon  that  firing  commenced  on  Hooker's 
front,  when  a  fierce  battle  ensued.  The  Second  took  a 
position  in  rear  of  the  Massachusetts  Sixteenth,  and  the 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  143 

battle  went  011  till  night,  with  varied  fortune,  when  the 
Second  moved  further  to  the  right,  ready  for  an  attack. 
None  came,  however.  During  the  night  the  most  hide 
ous  groans  and  shrieks  were  heard,  from  the  wounded 
— mostly  rebels — between  the  two  contending  lines. 
Before  morning  the  army  was  again  in  motion  toward 
Malvern  Hill,  and  before  sunrise  was  in  position  for  the 
last  great  battle  of  the  retreat.  The  enemy  soon  ap 
peared.  Heintzelman's  corps  was  posted  on  the  left 
center,  and  as  soon  as  the  line  was  established  the  men 
went  to  work  throwing  up  intrenchments,  and  the 
Second  was  soon  sheltered  behind  a  nearly  bullet-proof 
wall  of  decayed  trees  and  broken  limbs.  An  attack 
was  made  and  the  battle  raged  furiously  along  the  right 
of  the  line.  Three  hundred  pieces  of  artillery,  including 
heavy  siege  guns,  and  those  of  one  or  two  gunboats  on 
the  river  to  the  left,  poured  a  tremendous  fire  into  the 
lines  of  the  advancing  rebels,  and  wherever  they  made 
desperate  endeavors  to  break  the  Union  lines  they  were 
terribly  repulsed.  While  the  boys  of  the  Second  were 
filling  the  chinks  in  their  breastworks,  and  making 
other  preparations  to  meet  an  attack,  the  Surgeon  said 
to  Col.  Marston,  "  Your  men  have  got  a  good  posi 
tion."  "  Yes ;  my  boys  are  great  on  intrenchments," 
replied  the  Colonel.  "Do  you  think  you  will  be  at 
tacked  ? "  "  Well,  we  may  be ;  they  are  at  it  pretty 
brisk  on  the  right."  "  How  many  men  would  it  take 
to  drive  you  out  of  here?"  "How  many?  Well,  six 
thousand  might,  possibly,  but  five  thousand  would  get 
killed  doing  it."  The  pluck  of  the  boys  would  have 
made  good  the  Colonel's  words,  had  there  been  occa 
sion  to  display  it.  The  position  of  the  Second  was  un- 
assailed,  and  the  regiment  witnessed-  one  of  the  most 
magnificent  battles  of  the  war. 

July  2d  the  army  moved  slowly  along  through  rain 
and  mud  towards  Harrison's  Landing,  leaving  the  enemy 


144  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

so  badly  cut  up  that  he  could  not  pursue.  On  the  morn 
ing  of  the  3d  a  rebel  light  battery  came  up  and  threw  a 
few  shells  into  the  camp  of  the  army;  but  it  was  cap 
tured  shortly  after,  by  a  force  sent  out  for  that  purpose. 
Arrived  at  Harrison's  Landing,  defensive  works  were 
constructed  in  a  few  days  that  would  defy  the  whole 
confederacy,  and  the  troops  enjoyed  a  season  of  rest. 

Gen.  Hooker  devised  a  plan  for  the  capture  of  Malvern 
Hill,  which  was  occupied  by  a  few  hundred  rebels. 
This  plan  being  approved  by  Gen.  McClellan,  on  the 
4th  of  August  the  expedition  set  out,  and  by  a  circuitous 
route  reached  Charles  City  Cross  Roads.  Silence  was 
enjoined  upon  the  men,  and  the  inhabitants  had  been 
put  under  guard  that  they  might  not  carry  the  news  to 
the  rebels,  and  thus,  without  noise  the  division  biv 
ouacked  for  the  night,  almost  within  pistol  shot  of  the 
enemy's  pickets.  At  early  dawn  the  movement  com 
menced,  and  but  for  the  failure  of  Gen.  Patterson  to 
take  possession  of  the  Richmond  road,  the  escape  of  the 
rebels  would  have  been  completely  cut  off.  As  it  was, 
they  all  got  away  but  about  a  hundred  men,  and  Hooker's 
division  occupied  Malvern  Hill.  A  large  force  was  sent 
from  Richmond  to  re-take  it,  and  Hooker  was  re-enforced 
by  the  divisions  of  Couch  and  Sedgwick ;  but  in  compli 
ance  with  orders,  two  days  afterward,  the  whole  force 
returned  to  Harrison's  Landing. 

On  the  16th  of  August  Harrison's  Landing  was  evacu 
ated.  The  division  reached  Yorktown  on  the  21st  and 
embarked  on  steamers  for  Alexandria,  arriving  there  on 
the  23d.  Thus  ended  the  famous  Peninsula  Campaign, 
in  which  Gen.  Hooker's  division  won  an  imperishable 
fame,  and  the  New  Hampshire  Second,  a  part  of  it,  had 
its  full  share  of  hard  marches  and  bloody  battles,  mak 
ing  for  itself  a  most  noble  record. 

While  at  Alexandria  the  Second  received  fifty  volun 
teer  recruits.  On  the  25th  of  August  the  division  was 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  145 

placed  on  freight  cars  and  sent  to  re-enforce  Gen.  Pope, 
and  went  into  camp  at  Cedar  Creek  the  next  day.  On 
the  27th  the  division  was  on  its  way  back  to  Manassas 
Junction.  The  rebels  were  found  in  line  of  battle  at 
Kettle  Run,  near  Bristoe  Station,  who,  after  a  short  bat 
tle,  retreated  toward  Manassas,  followed  by  Hooker. 
At  night  the  division  bivouacked  within  a  mile  of  the 
Junction,  where  the  light  of  the  fires  could  be  seen  with 
which  Gen.  Jackson  was  destroying  the  stores  he  had 
captured,  preparatory  to  evacuating  the  place. 

SECOND  BATTLE  OF  BULL  RUN. 

On  the  morning  of  the  28th  Reno's  division,  of  Burn- 
side's  corps,  came  up,  and  after  a  short  rest  moved  on  to 
Manassas,  which  the  rebels  had  left  for  Centerville. 
Hooker  advanced  and  bivouacked  for  the  night  at 
Blackburn's  Ford.  On  the  morning  of  the  29th  can 
nonading  was  heard  far  away  at  the  northwest,  indicat 
ing  that  Stonewall  Jackson  was  engaging  some  part  of 
the  Union  force.  Hooker  at  once  started  with  his  di 
vision  for  the  scene,  which  he  reached  about  noon. 
Grover's  brigade  was  temporarily  assigned  to  Sigel's 
command,  whose  position  was  in  the  center  of  the  line. 
The  scene  was  familiar  to  the  men,  for  it  was  the  old  bat 
tle  ground  of  the  first  Bull  Run,  where  many  of  them  had 
received  their  initiation  into  scenes  of  bloody  conflict. 

The  brigade  was  massed  near  the  village  of  Groveton, 
and  in  about  two  hours  was  ordered  to  charge  the 
enemy  in  the  woods.  The  first  line  of  rebels  lay  in  a 
railroad  cut,  and  with  the  Second  in  the  center  of  the 
line,  the  brigade  moved  forward  at  the  order,  steadily 
and  noiselessly.  Suddenly  the  rattling  of  thousands  of 
muskets  broke  the  stillness,  and  a  shower  of  bullets 
tore  through  the  air.  Gen.  G rover  gave  the  order  to 
"  charge  ! "  and  with  a  yell  every  man  dashed  forward. 


146  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

In  a  moment  the  railroad  was  carried,  and  the  rebels, 
who  had  delivered  their  volley  in  a  prostrate  position, 
were  taken  prisoners  before  they  had* time  to  rise.  The 
brigade  dashed  on  for  the  second  line,  which  rose  and 
received  them  with  a  volley,  but  instantly  the  Second 
was  in  their  midst,  and  the  line  broke  and  fled.  A 
third  line  of  rebels  still  remained,  and  the  regiment 
pressed  on,  when  the  line  seemed  about  to  break,  and 
the  victory  almost  gained.  The  regiments  on  the  right 
and  left  had  not  advanced  so  far,  owing  to  greater  ob 
structions  in  the  ground,  and  at  the  very  moment  when 
success  seemed  ready  to  crown  the  assault,  the  Second 
was  greeted  with  a  murderous  volley  from  either  flank, 
and  with  hardly  men  enough  remaining  to  form  a  skirm 
ish  line,  they  turned  and  started  for  the  railroad,  barely 
escaping  capture,  and  leaving  their  wounded  in  the 
hands  of  the  enemy.  Capt.  Joshua  F.  Littlefleld,  of 
Company  B,  a  brave  officer,  was  left  on  the  field  with 
several  wounds,  and  finally  died.  lie  had  received  the 
appointment  of  Lieut.  Colonel  of  the  Eleventh  Regi 
ment,  and  though  not  obliged  to  do  so,  chose  to  accom 
pany  the  regiment  and  partake  in  all  its  dangers  until 
he  left  it  for  his  new  position.  Lieut.  Sylvester  Rogers, 
of  Company  G,  was  wounded  in  the  knee  and  back,  and 
died  while  being  carried  from  the  field. 

Shattered  and  bleeding,  the  brigade  emerged  into  the 
field  whence  it  started,  and  was  hastily  re-formed  be 
hind  a  little  ridge,  to  await  the  counter  charge  which 
was  expected.  It  soon  came,  and  though  the  enemy 
was  received  with  a  well-directed  volley,  and  there  was 
a  well  sustained  fight  for  a  few  minutes,  yet  the  deci 
mated  ranks  could  not  withstand  the  overwhelming 
numbers  poured  against  them,  and  the  line  fell  back  to 
the  hill  on  which  our  batteries  were  posted.  With  ex 
ulting  cheers  the  rebels  followed,  but  one  of  the  Union 
batteries  poured  in  such  a  deadly  fire  of  grape  and 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  147 

canister,  that  the  cheers  soon  stopped,  and  the  line 
melted  away  as  if  the  ground  had  opened  to  swallow  it. 

The  remnant  of  the  brigade  was  now  gathered  to 
gether  by  the  side  of  Bull  Run  Creek,  and  an  estimate 
of  losses  was  made.  The  Second  entered  the  fight  with 
three  hundred  and  thirty-two  men.  Of  these  sixteen 
were  reported  killed,  eighty-seven  wounded,  and 
twenty-nine  missing.  Of  the  latter  by  far  the  greater 
number  were  never  heard  from.  Ten  out  of  twenty- 
one  commissioned  officers  were  killed  or  wounded. 
Besides  those  mentioned  above,  Lieut.  Norton  R. 
Moore,  of  Company  F,  was  killed;  Lieut.  John  F.  Hoi- 
man,  of  Company  II.  received  a  terrible  wound  in  the 
thigh;  Lieut.  John  D.  Cooper,  of  Company  H,  was  shot 
through  the  lungs,  and  Lieuts.  Ballard,  Roberts,  Steele, 
Young  and  Gordon,  were  wounded  more  or  less  se 
verely.  That  night  the  division  slept  just  in  the  rear 
of  the  Union  batteries,  on  the  identical  spot  where  the 
Second  had  formed  its  line  of  battle  in  1861. 

On  the  afternoon  of  the  30th,  the  battle  was  renewed 
against  that  part  of  the  line  held  by  McDowell,  and 
soon  extended  along  the  whole  line.  Hooker's  division 
was  called  up  to  repel  an  attack,  which  proved  to  be 
only  a  feint,  and  was  then,  ordered  to  "  the  other  hill." 
Every  thing  seemed  to  indicate  that  the  second  battle 
of  Bull  Run  was  like  the  first — a  rebel  victory. 

That  night  the  army  fell  back  to  Centerville,  in  good 
order.  On  the  1st  of  September  the  rebels  attempted 
to  get  possession  of  the  road  between  Centerville  and 
Fairfax,  and  the  divisions  of  Hooker,  Kearney  and 
Stevens  were  sent  to  the  threatened  point.  The  battle 
of  Chantilly  ensued,  and  the  rebels  were  driven  back ; 
but  Kearney  and  Stevens  were  both  killed.  In  this  bat 
tle  the  Second  had  no  more  active  part  than  to  cover  a 
road  over  which  the  Union  trains  were  crowding  to 
wards  Washington. 


148  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

t  \ 

Two  days  later  the  division  arrived  at  Alexandria, 
and  for  a  time  formed  a  portion  of  Gen.  Banks'  forces 
in  the  defenses  of  Washington,  while  the  rest  of  the 
army  was  engaged  in  the  movement  which  terminated 
so  gloriously  at  Antietam.  Gen.  Hooker  was  assigned 
to  the  command  of  McDowell's  Corps,  and  the  command 
of  the  division  devolved  upon  Gen.  Sickles.  Gen. 
Grover  left  the  brigade  for  a  more  important  command, 
about  the  same  time.  The  loss  of  both  Hooker  and 
Grover  was  deeply  regretted  by  the  division.  The 
camp  was  removed  to  Fairfax  Seminary,  and  until  the 
1st  of  November  the  picket  and  fatigue  duty  performed 
by  the  regiment  was  very  arduous.  At  this  time  the 
division  was  ordered  to  guard  the  railroad  from  Man- 
assas  to  Alexandria,  and  was  much  scattered.  The 
Second  was  in  comfortable  quarters  at  Centerville, 
with  but  light  duty  to  perform,  and  the  time  passed 
pleasantly. 

On  the  18th  of  November  the  division  started  for  Fal- 
mouth,  to  join  the  army  now  commanded  by  Gen. 
Burnside,  and  arrived  there  in  ten  days.  Gen.  Stone- 
man  commanded  the  corps,  and  a  new  division,  under 
Gen.  "Whipple,  had  been  added  to  it,  while  the  corps 
was  assigned  to  the  Central  Grand  Division  of  the  army 
commanded  by  Gen.  Hooker. 

THE  BATTLE  OF  FREDERICKSBURG. 

The  object  of  the  concentration  of  troops  at  Falmouth 
was  to  take  Fredericksburg,  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
Rappahannock  river.  Gen.  Burnside's  plan  of  attack 
was  laid  before  the  President,  Gen.  Halleck  and  the 
Secretary  of  War,  and  approved  by  them.  The  rebels 
expected  our  army  would  cross  at  a  different  point,  and 
therefore  this  one  was  not  as  strongly  guarded  as  it 
otherwise  would  have  been.  On  the  night  of  the  10th 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  149 

of  December  the  work  of  laying  pontoon  bridges  across 
the  river  was  commenced  and  two-thirds  completed, 
when  daylight  appeared  and  the  rebels  discovered  what 
was  going  on.  Their  sharpshooters  at  once  opened  upon 
our  engineer  party  from  the  houses,  and  the  men  fell 
dead  as  fast  as  they  took  their  stand  upon  the  boats. 
Attempts  were  made  to  dislodge  the  sharpshooters  by 
our  riflemen,  but  in  vain.  They  were  too  well  pro 
tected.  One  hundred  and  forty  pieces  of  our  artillery 
opened  from  the  Falmouth  side  of  the  river  upon  the 
part  of  the  town  from  which  the  sharpshooting  pro 
ceeded.  This  had  no  effect,  and  it  was  evident  that  the 
bridges  could  not  be  completed  until  they  were  in  some 
way  dislodged. 

The  Michigan  Seventh  volunteered  for  the  hazardous 
duty  of  crossing  the  river  in  boats  to  dislodge  the  rebel 
sharpshooters.  They  were  watched  by  thousands  as 
they  rowed  across  the  river,  and  many  of  the  men  were 
shot.  But  they  gained  the  shore,  gallantly  charged  up 
the  steep  slope,  drove  the  rebels  out  of  the  rifle  pits  and 
out  of  the  buildings  fronting  the  water.  The  Nine 
teenth  and  Twentieth  Massachusetts  followed  the  Mich 
igan  regiment,  and  they  together  held  the  ground  until 
the  bridges  were  completed.  While  this  was  going  on 
the  rebels  were  concentrating  their  forces  at  Fredericks- 
burg. 

In  the  afternoon  the  division  crossed  the  river  at  the 
lower  bridge  and  lay  in  the  streets  of  the  town.  On  the 
13th,  the  day  of  the  main  assault,  the  Second,  with  sev 
eral  other  regiments,  was  assigned  to  the  duty  of  guard 
ing  the  bridges  and  to  keep  men  from  crossing  the  river 
and  shirking  their  duty.  About  midnight  they  were 
relieved  and  joined  the  brigade  at  the  front,  within 
range  of  the  enemy's  pickets.  A  battery  was  brought 
up  and  commenced  shelling  the  brigade,  when  Company 
B,  with  its  Sharp's  rifles,  was  sent  to  shoot  the  gunners 


150  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  horses.  The  battery,  after  the  loss  of  a  few  men, 
retired. 

The  rebels  were  very  strongly  intrenched  upon  the 
bights  back  of  the  town,  and  many  abortive  attempts 
were  made  to  dislodge  them.  The  fighting  upon  the 
left  was  furious,  and  during  the  charge  made  by  one  of 
our  brigades  an  entire  North  Carolina  regiment  was 
taken  prisoners.  During  a  furious  artillery  duel,  in 
which  the  New  Hampshire  battery  was  hotly  engaged 
and  lost  several  men,  Gen.  Bayard,  the  youngest  gen 
eral  in  the  service,  was  killed. 

At  one  time  Gen.  Meade's  division  made  a  most  gal 
lant  charge,  reaching  the  very  crest  of  the  hill.  They 
drove  two  of  Hill's  brigades  back  upon  their  second  line 
of  defenses  and  captured  several  hundred  prisoners.  For 
a  time  it  seemed  as  if  the  battle  was  in  our  favor,  but  a 
large  body  of  rebel  infantry  came  rushing  down  from 
their  second  line  of  defenses  and  bore  our  brave  charg 
ing  lines  before  them.  The  day  was  lost,  and  thousands 
of  our  soldiers  lay  dead  upon  the  hills.  The  rebel  works 
were  still  unbroken  and  swarming  with  men.  The  bat 
tle  of  Fredericksburg  was  over.  During  this  contest 
about  a  dozen  of  the  men  of  the  Second  Regiment  were 
wounded,  but  none  fatally. 

The  next  afternoon  a  council  of  generals  was  held  at 
Gen.  Burnside's  headquarters,  and  after  much  discussion 
it  was  decided  to  retreat  across  the  river,  under  the  cover 
of  darkness.  Late  on  the  afternoon  of  the  15th  the  order 
to  re-cross  the  river  was  given,  which  was  accomplished 
during  the  night,  without  disaster.  The  night  was  so 
dark  and  rainy  that  the  movements  of  our  army  could 
not  be  seen,  and  so  windy  that  the  rumbling  of  our  trains 
could  not  be  heard  by  the  enemy. 

The  last  of  January  Gen.  Burnside  was  relieved  from 
the  command  of  the  army,  and  Gen.  Hooker  put  in 
his  place.  Grand  divisions  were  abolished,  and  corps 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  151 

badges  were  adopted;  that  of  the  Third  being  a  diamond 
or  lozenge,  with  red,  white  and  blue  colors  for  the  re 
spective  divisions,  in  their  order. 

On  the  26th  of  February  the  Second  Regiment  was 
ordered  to  report  to  Gen.  Wool,  commanding  the  de 
partment  of  the  East.  At  Boston  the  regiment  was 
most  heartily  welcomed  and  feasted  and  toasted  at  Fan- 
euil  Hall.  At  Manchester  the  men  met  a  most  warm 
and  gratifying  reception.  They  were  escorted  to  Smyth's 
Hall,  where  tables  were  profusely  spread  with  eatables. 
The  galleries  were  filled  with  ladies  and  friends  of  the 
men  in  the  regiment.  Mayor  Theodore  T.  Abbott  wel 
comed  the  regiment  in  a  feeling  and  appropriate  speech, 
which  was  responded  to  by  Lieut.  Colonel  Bailey.  After 
the  eating  had  been  finished  Hon.  Frederick  Smyth  was 
introduced  as  toast-master,  when  sentiments  and  short 
speeches,  by  men  of  the  regiment  and  citizens,  followed. 
The  next  day  the  regiment  was  received  at  Concord,  by 
a  grand  procession,  dinner  at  the  hotels  and  speeches  of 
welcome.  Gen.  "Wool  was  there  to  add  to  the  interest 
of  the  occasion. 

The  headquarters  of  the  regiment  were  established  at 
Concord,  while  Companies  D,  E  and  K,  were  sent  to 
Fort  Constitution,  Portsmouth  harbor.  The  men  were 
granted  furloughs  to  visit  their  homes,  many  of  whom 
did  not  return  until  long  after  their  time  had  expired. 
The  Seventeenth  regiment,  numbering  about  one  hund 
red  and  fifty  men,  was  consolidated  with  the  Second,  the 
officers  having  been  first  discharged.  Col.  Marston  was 
promoted  to  Brigadier  General,  and  Lieut.  Colonel 
Bailey,  Major  Carr  and  Capt.  Sayles  were  promoted  to 
fill  the  vacancies  consequent  on  this  promotion. 

On  the  25th  of  May,  1863,  the  regiment  left  the  State 
for  Washington,  arriving  there  011  the  28th, .where  it 
remained  until  the  llth  of  June,  when  it  moved  and 
joined  the  army  of  the  Potomac  at  Ilartwood  Church, 


152  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  was  assigned  to  the  Jersey  Brigade,  to  which  it  was 
attached  as  long  as  it  remained  with  the  army  of  the 
Potomac. 

THE  BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 

The  brigade  arrived  at  Emmettshurg  on  the  first  of 
July,  and  encamped  for  the  night,  having  heard  firing 
all  the  afternoon  in  the  direction  of  Gettysburg.  At 
two  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  3d,  the  brigade  set  off 
and  reached  the  scene  of  action  early  in  the  forenoon, 
and  joined  its  corps.  The  brigade  was  commanded  by 
Col.  Berlin.  It  moved  up  the  slope  into  the  open  field, 
when  a  rebel  battery  opened  upon  it  with  shell,  one  piece 
hitting  the  color-staff  of  the  Second  Regiment,  wound 
ing  several  of  the  color-guard.  The  brigade  was  with 
drawn  to  a  grove,  while  a  battery  went  into  position  and 
rapidly  replied  to  the  rebel  guns,  and  which  the  brigade 
was  ordered  to  support.  On  the  crest  of  the  ridge,  in  a 
peach  orchard,  was  a  battery  of  six  Napoleon  guns, 
which  kept  up  a  spirited  response  to  the  rebels  who 
were  pouring  shell  and  spherical  case  into  our  lines  with 
murderous  effect.  The  Second  was  ordered  to  report  to 
Gen.  Graham,  commanding  a  brigade  in  Gen.  Birney's 
division,  and  by  him  ordered  to  the  rear  of  this  battery 
as  a  support.  After  the  position  was  taken  the  roll  of 
the  Second  was  called,  and  only  eight  men  were  found 
absent  from  their  places.  The  regiment  was  exposed  to  a 
more  terrific  artillery  fire  than  it  ever  experienced  before 
or  since.  The  air  was  filled  with  the  missiles  of  death  and 
the  leaves  and  branches  of  the  peach  trees  were  shorn  as 
if  by  a  tornado.  The  brave  gunners  did  not  flinch, 
though  every  discharge  of  the  enemy's  guns  dealt  death 
to  their  ranks  or  mowed  down  the  ranks  of  the  support 
ing  regiment.  Some  shells  came  along  the  ground  so 
closely  as  to  wound  half  a  dozen  men  at  a  time.  Others 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  153 

exploded  as  they  struck  the  cartridge-hoxes,  and  the 
cartridges,  set  on  fire,  blew  up  like  so  many  Chinese 
crackers.  The  conflict  was  going  on  vigorously  from 
Round  Top,  on  the  left,  to  Cemetery  Hill,  on  the  right, 
increasing  in  strength  and  fury  toward  the  point  where 
the  rebels  were  striving  with  every  human  effort  to  turn 
our  left.  Thus  the  battle  proceeded  until  half-past  four 
in  the  afternoon,  when  this  battery  was  relieved  by  a 
regular  battery  of  rifled  guns,  which  was  served  with 
much  less  spirit  than  its  predecessor.  The  enemy's  fire 
at  once  increased,  their  infantry  began  to  show  them 
selves  from  behind  the  woods,  and  at  their  advance  our 
skirmishers  came  pouring  in.  So  threatening  was  the 
attack  that  the  Lieutenant  of  the  battery  spiked  his 
guns  in  expectation  of  their  capture.  At  this  point  Col. 
Bailey  asked  permission  to  charge  with  the  Second  and 
check  this  advance,  which  was  granted,  and  the  men 
sprang  to  their  feet  with  a  loud  shout,  passed  the  bat 
tery,  and  drove  the  advancing  enemy  back  to  their  lines, 
taking  up  a  position  on  the  Emmettsburg  road.  Here 
it  was  exposed  to  the  enemy's  artillery  at  short  range, 
and  to  the  fire  of  the  line  it  had  just  driven,  which  had 
taken  shelter  in  a  ravine.  Two  rebel  regiments  com 
menced  to  advance  by  the  flank  across  the  field  in  front, 
but  these  were  speedily  forced  to  flee  in  confusion.  A 
brigade  then  advanced  in  line  opposite  the  Sixty-third 
Pennsylvania,  which  was  formed  on  the  right  of  the 
Second,  and  no  fire  seemed  able  to  check  them.  Some 
of  Company  B's  men,  who  were  wounded,  took  a  posi 
tion  behind  an  old  farm  house  and  poured  a  lively  fire 
into  the  advancing  ranks,  aiming  especially  at  their 
colors.  Still  it  came  on  and  the  Sixty-third  gave  way. 
The  regiment  on  the  left  also  faced  about  and  retreated, 
upon  which  the  Second  was  in  its  turn  compelled  to 
retire.  The  ground  was  thickly  strewn  with  dead  and 
wounded  of  both  sides.  Gen.  Graham  was  wounded 


154  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

and  taken  prisoner,  and  Gen.  Sickles,  who  rode  up  amid 
the  terrific  storm,  had  his  leg  shattered  by  a  shell,  and 
was  carried  from  the  field. 

The  rebels  gained  a  temporary  advantage  at  this  point 
in  the  line.  The  Third  corps  had  been  overborne  by 
vastly  superior  numbers,  when  the  gallant  old  Sixth 
Corps,  out  of  breath  and  weary  with  a  long  march,  but 
fresh  in  courage  and  spirit,  made  its  appearance  and 
pressed  forward  to  take  the  place  of  the  shattered  and 
bleeding  Third.  The  rebel  force  was  hurled  back,  the 
lost  ground  recovered,  and  the  sun  went  down  on  the 
second  day  of  that  gallant  fight,  with  the  rebel  army 
beaten  at  every  point,  and  the  tide  of  secession  through 
out  the  country  at  its  ebb. 

When  the  Second  Regiment  rejoined  its  brigade  it 
was  but  a  sad  remnant  of  what  it  had  been  a  few  hours 
earlier,  when  its  roll  was  called,  just  before  entering  into 
the  fight.  Then  twenty-four  officers  and  three  hundred 
and  thirty  men  answered  to  their  names.  Of  this  num 
ber  nineteen  were  known  to  have  been  killed;  one 
hundred  and  thirty-six  were  wounded,  and  thirty-eight 
were  missing,  lying  dead  or  wounded  on  the  field,  or 
prisoners  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  making  a  total  of 
one  hundred  and  ninety-three,  out  of  three  hundred  and 
fifty-four,  or  about  three-fifths  of  the  number  engaged. 
All  of  the  field  officers  were  wounded;  Major  Sayles 
severely,  with  a  bullet  through  his  thigh,  and  left  in  the 
hands  of  the  enemy,  though  so  disabled  that  they  did 
not  carry  him  away;  Capt.  Metcalf  and  Lieut.  Roberts 
were  killed  ;  Lieuts.  Ballard  and  Dascomb  died  of  their 
wounds  within  a  few  days ;  Capt.  Hubbard  was  shot  in 
the  forehead  and  wandered  into  the  rebel  lines,  where 
he  die'd  and  was  buried  by  some  brother  Masons ;  Lieut. 
Yickery  was  badly  wounded,  remained  in  the  hands  of 
the  rebels  till  they  retreated,  arid  died  on  the  8th  of 
July;  Lieut.  Patch  was  wounded  in  the  abdomen,  and 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  155 

died  on  the  10th  of  July ;  Lieuts.  Perkins  and  Converse 
each  lost  an  arm,  and  eight  other  officers  were  more  or 
less  wounded. 

On  the  3d  there  was  hard  fighting  on  the  right, 
and  the  enemy  made  desperate  attempts  to  break  our 
lines  at  different  points;  but  the  Jersey  Brigade  lost  no 
men.  On  the  4th,  in  the  midst  of  a  drenching  rain,  the 
men  collected  and  brought  in  the  wounded  and  buried 
the  dead.  It  was  a  scene  which  will  not  soon  be  forgot 
ten  by  those  who  participated  in  or  witnessed  it. 

The  rebels  started  for  the  Potomac,  and  Gen.  Meade, 
who  was  appointed  to  the  command  of  the  army  on  the 
eve  of  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  followed  in  pursuit, 
bringing  the  enemy  to  bay  at  Williamsport,  before  they 
could  escape  across  the  river.  Our  cavalry  harassed 
the  retreating  column  of  the  enemy,  took  and  destroyed 
a  portion  of  their  pontoon  train  and  captured  several 
hundred  prisoners.  Gen.  Meade  ordered  a  charge  on 
the  evening  of  the  12th,  which  was  to  be  executed  the 
next  morning  at  daylight,  but  in  consequence  of  a  dense 
fog  it  was  delayed,  and  when  the  advance  was  finally 
commenced  the  enemy  had  made  good  their  retreat. 

On  the  17th  the  division  crossed  the  Potomac  at  Har 
per's  Ferry,  and  thence  followed  the  valley  east  of  the 
Blue  Ridge,  with  the  rest  of  the  army,  while  Lee  moved 
up  the  valley  of  the  Shenandoah.  On  the  26th  the 
Second  marched  to  Warrenton,  where  it  was  met  by 
Gen.  Marston,  who  had  full  authority  to  form  a  brigade 
of  the  Second,  Fifth  and  Twelfth  New  Hampshire  regi 
ments,  for  duty  at  Point  Lookout,  where  the  Govern 
ment  was  about  to  establish  a  general  depot  for  prisoners 
of  war.  On  the  2d  of  August  Gen.  Marston  formally 
assumed  command  of  the  district  of  St.  Mary's,  in  which 
Point  Lookout  was  included.  Twenty  men  from  the 
Second  and  Twelfth  were  detailed  as  mounted  scouts, 
whose  duty  was  to  scour  the  country,  look  out  for  con- 


156  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

traband  trade  and  prevent  communication  of  the  inhabit 
ants  with  the  enemy.  These  were  .pleasant  days  for 
the  three  !N"ew  Hampshire  Eegiments.  Capt.  J.  N". 
Patterson,  of  the  Second,  was  appointed  Provost  Mar 
shal  of  the  District,  and  Capt.  George  E.  Sides  was  an 
assistant  in  the  same  department,  having  immediate 
charge  of  the  camp. 

The  prisoners  were  divided  into  companies  of  a 
hundred  each,  with  one  of  their  number  selected  as  a 
sergeant  in  command.  They  had  comfortable  shelter, 
plenty  of  palatable  food  and  ample  accommodations  for 
cooking,  and  all  sanitary  measures  were  carefully  at 
tended  to.  Many  attempts  were  made  by  individuals 
to  escape,  and  in  February,  1864,  an  organized  con 
spiracy  to  overpower  the  guard  and  break  camp  was 
discovered  in  season  to  frustrate  it.  But  few  succeeded 
in  escaping.  Applications  to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance 
and  go  north  were  frequent.  Many  of  the  prisoners 
desired  to  enlist  in  our  army  and  navy,  and  two  regi 
ments  were  organized,  known  as  the  First  and  Second 
United  States  Volunteers,  and  officered  by  men  promoted 
from  the  Second  and  other  regiments  in  the  district. 
These  regiments  afterward  did  good  service  at  Norfolk, 
Ya.,  and  in  Colorado,  where  they  were  sent  against 
the  Indians.  Several  also  enlisted  in  the  Second,  and 
proved  as  brave  and  true  soldiers  as  any  who  ever 
served  under  its  colors. 

On  the  24th  of  February,  1864,  the  re-enlisted  vet 
erans  of  the  Second  left  Point  Lookout  for  JSTew  Hamp 
shire  on  furlough  for  twenty  days.  On  the  4th  of  April 
Gen.  Hinks  relieved  Gen.  Marston  in  command  of  the 
district,  and  on  the  7th  the  Second  started  again  for  the 
Peninsula  and  reached  Yorktown  the  next  day.  In 
three  days  over  a  hundred  of  the  substitutes,  who  joined 
the  regiment  at  Point  Lookout,  deserted,  a  majority  of 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  157 

whom  were  captured  and  two  of  them  tried,  and  shot 
on  the  15th.  This  prompt  action  effectually  checked 
desertions  from  the  Second. 

The  Second  and  .Twelfth  New  Hampshire  and  the 
One  Hundred  and  Forty-eighth  New  York  were  brig 
aded  together,  under  command  of  Gen.  Wistar,  and 
assigned  to  the  Eighteenth  Corps,  commanded  hy  Gen. 
W.  F.  Smith.  On  the  22d  of  April  the  brigade  moved 
to  "Williamsburg,  and  remained  there  until  the  4th  of 
May,  when  it  marched  to  James  River  and  embarked 
for  Bermuda  Hundred.  On  the  8th  of  May  a  general 
advance  \vas  made  toward  Petersburg,  and  a  consider 
able  portion  of  the  Richmond  and  Petersburg  Railroad 
was  destroyed.  In  this  expedition  the  Second  Regi 
ment  had  one  man  killed  and  six  wounded. 

On  the  12th  another  advance  was  made,  this  time  in 
the  direction  of  Fort  Darling.  The  rebels  were  steadily 
pressed  back  until  our  army  confronted  the  outworks  of 
the  Fort.  The  Tenth  Corps  charged  and  captured  the 
enemy's  works  upon  the  left,  while  the  riflemen  of  the 
Eighteenth  drove  the  rebels  from  those  upon  the  right, 
commanding  the  telegraph  pike  to  Richmond.  Gen. 
Hickman's  brigade  formed  the  extreme  right  of  the 
line,  and  to  its  left  was  Gen.  "Wistar's  brigade,  across 
the  pike,  where  a  battery  was  posted  upon  the  reverse 
side  of  the  captured  rebel  works.  Three  hundred 
yards  to  the  front  was  a  strong  rebel  fort  from  which 
floated  two  flags.  A  half  dozen  log  barracks  just  out 
side  were  occupied  by  rebel  sharpshooters,  who  were 
driven  from  their  cover  by  our  skirmishers,  who  kept 
up  such  a  fire  from  behind  the  logs  and  stumps,  close 
under  the  fort,  that  not  a  head  appeared  along  the  whole 
rebel  line.  On  the  14th  and  15th  the  Second  erected  a 
breastwork  of  logs,  in  front  of  which,  from  stump  to 
stump,  telegraph  wires  were  strung  just  high  enough 
to  trip  an  advancing  enemy.  Beauregard  had  concen- 


158  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

trated  his  troops  about  Fort  Darling.  On  the  morning 
of  the  16th  a  dense  fog  prevailed,  and  under  its  cover 
the  rebels  prepared  for  a  grand  charge  to  drive  back 
the  besiegers  of  the  fort.  Their  lines  were  silently 
formed  outside  the  works,  and  an  attack  was  made 
upon  the  extreme  right  to  turn  that  flank  of  our  army. 
There  were  several  companies,  composed  of  young  men, 
sent  from  Richmond  for  the  emergency,  who  were 
brought  directly  opposite  the  line  of  the  Second  Regi 
ment.  When  the  mass  of  the  charging  rebels  burst  into 
sight  they  were  met  by  a  volley  from  the  rifles  of  the 
regiment  which  had  a  terrible  effect  upon  the  ranks, 
while  those  who  were  left  to  advance  were  thrown  to 
the  ground,  line  after  line,  in  windrows,  by  the  telegraph 
wires  upon  the  stumps,  when  the  men  of  the  Second 
leaped  over  their  breastworks  and  used  their  rifles  with 
the  most  deadly  effect.  In  their  desperation  the  rebels 
renewed  the  attack,  with  the  same  results.  The  ground 
in  front  of  the  breastworks  of  the  regiment  was  literally 
coved  with  the  rebel  de-ad.  The  number  killed  in  front 
of  the  Second's  line  was  estimated  at  two  thousand, 
while  a  rebel  Lieutenant,  who  was  taken  prisoner,  ad 
mitted  it  to  be  eighteen  hundred,  and  said  that  the  wire 
arrangement  was  "  a  d — d  rascally  contrivance."  The 
Second  lost  but  four  men  killed  and  fourteen  wounded. 
Capt.  James  II.  Platt,  of  Company  E,  was  among  the 
killed. 

While  Gen.  Wistar's  brigade  was  repulsing  the  enemy 
so  handsomely,  a  strong  force  marched  clear  around  Gen. 
Hickman's  brigade,  and  suddenly  poured  in  a  volley 
from  the  rear.  The  brigade  was  very  badly  crushed, 
the  men  slaughtered,  and  the  General  wounded  and  taken 
prisoner.  The  right  was  thus  turned,  and  the  Second 
ordered  to  fall  back,  but  again  advanced  and  occupied 
fhe  breastworks  until  the  whole  line  was  withdrawn  and 
a  new  one  established  a  short  distance  to  the  rear.  The 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  159 

remainder  of  the  day  was  passed  in  skirmishing  with  the 
enemy,  and  at  night  the  army  withdrew  to  Bermuda 
Hundred,  was  placed  in  a  state  of  siege,  and  strong  for 
tifications  erected.  The  Tenth  Corps  were  almost  con 
stantly  fighting  with  the  enemy,  and  the  Eighteenth 
Corps  frequently  turned  out  and  formed  behind  their 
works.  On  the  20th  a  severe  fight  was  had  over  some 
of  our  advanced  rifle-pits,  in  which  the  rebel  Major  Gen. 
"Walker  was  severely  wounded  and  captured. 

On  the  27th  the  division  deserted  the  works,  crossed 
the  Appomattox  on  pontoon  bridges,  and  marched  to 
City  Point,  and  on  the  1st  of  June  joined  Gen.  Grant's 
great  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

BATTLE  OF  COLD  HARBOR. 

On  the  1st  of  June  the  division  of  which  the  Second 
Regiment  formed  a  part,  guarded  a  wagon  train  to  Gen. 
Grant's  headquarters,  and  immediately  pushed  on  to 
where  the  Sixth  Corps  was  skirmishing  with  the  enemy, 
about  a  mile  beyond.  The  division  was  marched  rapidly 
down  the  road,  and  precipitated  into  the  fight.  The 
Second,  though  not  actively  engaged,  was  under  a  heavy 
artillery  fire,  and  lost  several  men.  At  early  dawn  on 
the  2d,  the  division  advanced  through  the  works  behind 
which  it  had  lain,  and  formed  in  the  woods.  Wistar's 
brigade  was  closed  in  mass  by  battalions,  the  Second 
being  the  fifth  regiment  in  the  column,  and  the  Twelfth 
leading.  The  order  to  advance  was  given,  and  as  the 
brigade  emerged  from  the  wood  it  was  met  by  a  terrible 
fire  of  artillery  and  musketry.  The  column  dashed  for 
ward  half  the  distance,  when  the  Twelfth  halted.  The 
three  intervening  regiments  broke,  and  the  Second  was 
thrown  into  confusion.  The  lines  were  again  formed 
under  cover  of  the  woods,  and  the  men  threw  them 
selves  on  the  ground,  and  with  hands,  knives  and  bayo- 


160  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

nets,  threw  up  little  mounds  of  earth,  for  their  protection, 
which  were  afterward  elaborated  into  serviceable  rifle- 
pits.  Men  were  continually  being  wounded  under  the 
constant  fire  of  the  enemy.  Capt.  George  W.  Gordon 
was  struck  on  the  top  of  the  head,  and  died  an  hour 
afterward.  Capt.  William  H.  Smith  was  shot  through 
both  legs,  and  died  on  the  7th.  Lieut.  Henry  Hay  ward, 
while  using  the  rifle  of  one  of  his  men,  was  pierced 
through  the  neck  with  a  bullet,  and  lived  but  a  few  hours. 
Sergeant  Major  M.  L.  F.  Smith  was  shot  through  both 
thighs,  and  died  in  dreadful  agony.  The  entire  loss  of 
the  regiment  during  the  day  was  seventy,  and  of  these 
many  had  only  a  few  days  longer  to  serve.  This  was 
the  last  battle  of  the  original  Second  New  Hampshire, 
and  it  was  fierce  and  severe  enough  to  fitly  crown  three 
years  of  active  service. 

On  the  morning  of  the  8th  the  original  men  •  of  the 
regiment  who  had  not  re-enlisted  took  leave  of  their 
comrades  and  departed  for  New  Hampshire,  arriving  at 
Concord  on  the  17th,  and  were  mustered  out  of  service 
on  the  21st. 

About  two  hundred  and  fifty  men,  including  those 
who  had  re-enlisted,  and  the  recruits  who  had  joined 
the  regiment  since  its  first  organization,  with  Capt.  J. 
N.  Patterson  in  command,  remained  in  the  trenches  at 
Cold  Harbor.  There  were  still  upon  the  rolls  of  the 
regiment  six  hundred  and  sixty  names,  which,  though 
not  sufficient  to  admit  of  the  muster  of  a  Colonel,  al 
lowed  the  organization  of  ten  companies  to  be  retained. 
The  muster  of  the  other  regimental  officers,  and  the 
old  organization  and  numerical  designation  were  con 
tinued.  Capt.  J.  N.  Patterson  was  appointed  Lieut.  Col 
onel  and  Adjutant  John  D.  Cooper,  Major. 

On  the  9th  of  June  the  regiment  was  detached  from 
the  brigade  and  assigned  to  duty  at  the  Eighteenth 
Corps  headquarters.  On  the  12th  the  corps  broke 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  161 

camp  and  marched  to  White  House  Landing,  where 
the  Second  embarked  for  Broadway  Landing,  on  the 
Appomattox.  On  the  16th,  by  order  of  Gen.  Butler,  it 
reported  to  Gen.  Turner,  and  in  company  with  other 
troops  went  on  a  reconnoisance,  drove  in  the  enemy's 
pickets,  destroying  two  or  three  miles  of  the  track  of 
the  Petersburg  and  Richmond  railroad,  captured  and 
destroyed  the  camp  of  a  North  Carolina  brigade,  and 
marched  back  to  Bermuda  Hundred  without  loss. 

The  Second  Regiment  did  duty  at  the  corps  head 
quarters  until  the  13th  of  August,  when  it  was  assigned 
to  the  First  Brigade,  First  Division,  Eighteenth  Corps, 
Col.  Aaron  F.  Stevens,  Thirteenth  New  Hampshire, 
commanding,  and  was  stationed  in  the  trenches,  on  the 
right  of  the  line,  in  front  of  Petersburg,  where  it  was 
constantly  under  fire,  and  lost  men  every  day,  although 
there  was  no  serious  fighting. 

On  the  26th  of  August  the  Eighteenth  Corps  left 
Petersburg,  crossed  the  Appomattox  at  Point  of  Rocks, 
and  occupied  the  line  of  works,  the  Second  taking  its 
position  in  rear  of  Battery  Sawyer,  where  it  remained 
till  September  1st,  when  it  was  ordered  to  proceed  to 
"Wilson's  Landing,  on  the  James  River,  and  reported  to 
Gen.  Marston,  then  commanding  the  defenses  of  the 
James  from  City  Point  to  Fortress  Monroe.  Here  the 
regiment  made  many  excursions  into  the  enemy's  coun 
try,  and  destroyed  much  property  that  was  of  value  to 
the  Confederate  Government.  On  the  21st  Major 
Cooper,  with  one  hundred  men,  convoyed  by  a  gun 
boat,  went  up  the  Chickahominy  river,  and  destroyed 
a  steam  mill,  in  full  working  order.  The  detachment 
returned  the  next  day,  bringing  with  them  over  fifty 
thousand  feet  of  lumber.  Guerillas  occasionally  made 
their  appearance  and  fired  upon  the  party  from  the 
banks  of  the  river,  but  inflicted  no  injury.  On  the 
morning  of  the  27th,  at  three  o'clock,  Lieut.  Col.  Pat- 


162  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

terson,  with  the  Second,  fifty  men  of  the  Sixteenth 
New  York  Heavy  Artillery  and  twenty  colored  cavalry, 
left  Wilson's  Landing  on  board  a  large  barge,  towed  by 
the  gunboat  Mosswood,  proceeded  up  the  Chickahom- 
iny  to  Hogg  Neck,  on  the  left  bank  of  the  river,  where 
the  party  disembarked.  The  order  was  "  to  push  into 
the  country  four  or  five  miles,  and  sweep  down  to  Bar- 
nett's  Ferry,  near  the  mouth  of  the  river,  gathering 
such  horses,  mules,  cattle  and  sheep  as  might  be  useful 
to  the  army,  and  take  along  such  colored  men  and  their 
families  as  desired  to  come  into  our  lines."  Soon  after 
landing  a  colored  boy  was  found  who  was  perfectly  ac 
quainted  with  that  section  of  country,  and  he  was  taken 
along  as  guide.  The  force  marched  to  Centerville,  ten 
miles,  halted  for  dinner,  after  which  it  marched  to  Gum 
Springs,  James  City  County,  and  camped  for  the  night. 
The  next  morning  the  command  marched  in  the  direc 
tion  of  Barnett's  Ferry,  passing  several  fertile  farms, 
well  stocked  with  cattle  and  sheep,  of  which  they  col 
lected  and  drove  to  the  Ferry  one  hundred  and  fifty, 
and  embarked  for  Wilson's  Landing,  where  they  arrived 
in  the  evening,  without  loss  or  accident.  Gen.  Marstori 
complimented  the  command  very  highly  for  the  manner 
in  which  they  had  accomplished  the  objects  of  the  expe 
dition,  remarking  that  his  command  had  captured  their 
share  of  the  twenty-five  hundred  head  of  cattle  which 
were  stolen  a  few  days  before  by  Lee's  Cavalry,  below 
City  Point. 

On  the  1st  of  October  orders  were  received  to  proceed 
to  Aiken's  Landing,  on  the  north  side  of  the  James,  and 
report  to  Gen.  Weitzel,  commanding  the  Eighteenth 
Corps;  and  on  the  same  evening  the  regiment  em 
barked  under  command  of  Major  Cooper,  Gen.  Marston 
having  been  relieved  and  ordered  to  turn  over  his  com 
mand  to  the  most  experienced  officer,  and  Lieut.  Col. 
Patterson,  though  not  the  ranking  officer  present,  was 


SECOND  REGIMENT. 

ordered  to  remain  in  command  of  the  first  separate  brig 
ade.  On  arrival  at  Aiken's  Landing  the  regiment  was 
assigned  to  the  Third  Brigade  of  its  old  division.  On 
the  14th  Lieut.  Col.  Patterson  rejoined  the  regiment 
and  took  command  of  the  brigade.  On  the  27th  the 
Second  took  part  in  the  reconnoisance  made  by  the 
Eighteenth  Corps,  on  the  extreme  right  of  the  line,  near 
the  Williamsburg  road,  meeting  the  enemy  in  strong 
force,  when  some  heavy  skirmishing  took  place,  in 
which  the  Second  lost  a  few  men. 

About  the  middle  of  November  the  Army  of  the 
James  was  reorganized.  The  white  troops  of  the 
Tenth  and  Eighteenth  Corps  were  consolidated  and 
called  the  Twenty-fourth,  Major  Gen.  John  Gibbon  in 
command ;  and  all  the  colored  troops  of  the  two  corps 
were  designated  as  the  Twenty-fifth  Corps,  under  Major 
Gen.  Weitzel.  The  Second  was  assigned  to  the  Third 
Brigade,  Third  Division,  Twenty-fourth  Corps,  com 
manded  by  Col.  Guy  Y.  Henry,  of  the  Fortieth  Mas 
sachusetts.  The  brigade  went  into  comfortable  winter 
quarters,  with  plenty  of  wood  and  water,  and  remained 
there,  with  no  important  occurrence  except  an  occa 
sional  alarm  on  the  picket  line,  or  a  flank  movement 
of  the  enemy  on  the  right,  until  March  3d,  1865,  when 
the  brigade,  now  commanded  by  Brevet  Brig.  Gen. 
Roberts,  received  orders  to  report  to  Lieut.  Gen.  Grant, 
for  secret  service. 

During  the  winter  the  Second  received  two  detach 
ments  of  recruits,  Lieut.  Col.  Patterson  was  promoted 
to  Colonel,  and  Major  Cooper  to  Lieut.  Colonel,  and 
much  attention  had  been  paid  to  company,  regimental 
and  brigade  drill.  The  discipline  of  the  brigade  was 
such  that  it  was  acknowledged  to  be  the  best  in  the 
Army  of  the  James.  Weekly  inspections  were  insti 
tuted  by  the  corps  commander,  at  which  the  best  regi 
ment  was  excused  from  all  outside  duty  for  a  week,  and 


164  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

it  was  ordered  that  the  neatest  soldier  in  the  division 
should  receive  a  twenty  days'  furlough.  At  several  in 
spections  the  Second  was  announced  as  the  best  regi 
ment  in  the  brigade,  and  several  members  had  received 
furloughs  as  being  the  neatest  and  best  soldiers  in  the 
division. 

On  the  4th  of  March  the  brigade  left  its  pleasant, 
home-like  camp  with  many  regrets,  for  a  inarch  to  Deep 
Bottom  Landing,  there  to  await  transports  and  further 
orders.  The  march  was  six  miles,  through  mud  knee- 
deep  and  a  heavy  rain.  After  a  few  hours'  delay  the  brig 
ade  embarked  on  board  transports  and  about  noon  the 
next  day  arrived  at  Fortress  Monroe.  For  several  days 
after  its  arrival  at  Fortress  Monroe,  the  brigade  was 
engaged  in  raids  into  the  enemy's  country,  collecting 
cattle,  horses,  mules,  sheep,  tobacco  and  other  produc 
tions,  destroying  rebel  property  and  harassing  the 
enemy,  in  which  the  Second  bore  a  part,  without  meet 
ing  with  any  loss  of  men.  While  on  a  raid,  having 
landed  at  Point  Lookout,  a  special  messenger  arrived 
from  Gen.  Grant,  with  orders  to  the  officers  in  com 
mand  of  the  expedition  to  proceed  to  White  House 
Landing,  on  the  Pamunkey  river,  and  establish  there 
a  base  of  supplies  for  Sheridan's  army,  which  had  been 
traveling  over  the  enemy's  country  for  the  previous 
three  weeks,  and  was  then  on  its  way  to  the  left  of 
Gen.  Grant's  line.  The  command  arrived  at  White 
House  on  the  14th  of  March,  and  it  being  the  day  of 
the  New  Hampshire  election,  the  Second  voted  for 
members  of  Congress.  Sherman's  army  arrived  on 
the  18th,  men  and  horses  jaded  and  tired,  and  remained 
there  for  rest  until  the  24th. 

Orders  were  received  for  the  brigade  to  march  back 
to  the  camp  vacated  by  them  on  the  4th,  a  distance  of  fifty 
miles,  and  the  line  of  march  was  taken,  with  Sherman's 
army  in  advance.  The  old  camp  was  found  to  be  occu- 


SECOND  HEGIMENT.  165 

pied  by  a  portion  of  the  Twenty-fifth  Corps,  which  had 
been  withdrawn  from  the  front.  All  the  troops  in  the 
Army  of  the  James  being  ordered  by  Gen.  Grant  to  the 
left  of  the  line  at  Petersburg,  excepting  the  Third  Di 
vision,  Twenty-fourth  Corps,  and  one  division  of  the 
Twenty-fifth,  which  were  to  hold  the  lines,  and  to  advance 
upon  Richmond  the  moment  Lee's  lines  were  broken. 
The  Second,  being  in  the  Third  Division,  was  ordered 
to  occupy  Signal  Hill. 

On  the  1st  and  2d  of  April,  terrific  cannonading  could 
be  distinctly  heard  from  the  left,  one  continuous  roar  of 
artillery  for  hours,  from  which  it  was  evident  that  Grant 
would  no  longer  remain  idle  around  Petersburg,  and  the 
morning  of  the  3d  told  surely  of  his  success  on  the  left, 
and  of  wonderful  doings  in  front.  The  explosion  of  gun 
boats  and  arsenals  at  Richmond  was  distinctly  heard  by 
the  troops  on  the  north  of  the  James.  The  sun  had  for 
the  last  time  risen  upon  the  rebel  capital. 

The  division  immediately  broke  camp  and  started  for 
Richmond,  over  abandoned  rebel  lines  and  forts,  and  an 
uninterrupted  march  of  a  few  hours  found  the  Second 
on  the  outskirts  of  the  city,  black  with  smoke  and  cin 
ders  from  the  fire  then  raging  at  its  highest  fury.  The 
scene  was  wild  and  magnificent  beyond  description.  "  On 
to  Richmond  ! "  had  at  last  been  accomplished,  and  the 
fury  of  the  flames  that  morning  looked  as  though  there 
ought  never  to  be  but  ashes  remain  of  that  "  impregna 
ble  city,"  the  capital  of  the  so-called  "  Southern  Confed 
eracy." 

After  a  few  days  the  Second  moved  into  one  of  the 
forts  overlooking  the  city.  On  the  25th  the  brigade 
crossed  the  river  to  Manchester,  and  encamped  two 
miles  from  Richmond,  on  the  road  leading  to  the  Cum 
berland  coal  mines.  On  the  21st  of  June  the  Tenth, 
Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  New  Hampshire  regiments  were 
mustered  out  of  the  United  States  service  and  left  for 


166  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

home.  The  recruits,  whose  term  of  service  did  not  ex 
pire  prior  to  September  30th,  about  four  hundred,  were 
transferred  to  the  Second,  thus  making  the  aggregate 
of  the  regiment  nine  hundred  strong.  Lieut.  Col.  J.  N. 
Patterson  was  mustered  as  Colonel,  Major  John  D. 
Cooper  as  Lieut.  Colonel,  and  Capt.  Levi  N.  Converse 
as  Major.  About  one  half  of  the  regiments  of  the  Third 
Division  had  been  mustered  out  of  service,  and  the  re 
mainder  were  formed  into  two  independent  brigades, 
and  Col.  Patterson  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the 
Second  Brigade. 

On  the  10th  of  July  the  Division  was  broken  up,  and 
the  various  regiments  assigned  to  the  different  sub- 
districts  into  which  Virginia  had  been  divided.  Col. 
Patterson  was  assigned  to  Northern  Neck  division, 
which  embraced  King  George,  "Westmoreland,  Rich 
mond,  Northumberland  and  Lancaster  counties,  with 
headquarters  at  Warsaw.  Companies  A,  F,  and  H, 
were  left  at  Fredericksburg  as  provost  guard,  and  the 
other  seven  companies  went  to  Warsaw.  To  each  of 
the  counties  of  Col.  Patterson's  district  one  company 
was  sent,  the  commanding  officer  of  the  company  acting 
as  provost  marshal  of  the  county,  and  assistant  agent  of 
the  Freedman's  Bureau.  On  the  22d  of  August  another 
sub-district  was  consolidated  with  Col.  Patterson's,  and 
he  was  continued  as  commander  of  the  whole. 

On  the  30th  of  October,  Lieut.  Col.  John  D.  Cooper 
died  of  disease,  at  Baltimore,  Md.  He  was  one  of  the 
original  members  of  the  regiment,  having  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  the  Goodwin  Rifles,  afterwards  known  as 
Company  B,  at  Concord,  in  April,  1861.  He  rose  by 
merit  alone  to  the  rank  he  held  when  he  died.  He  was 
one  of  the  bravest  men  in  the  regiment,  and  enjoyed  the 
respect  and  confidence  of  all  its  members,  as  well  as  of 
a  large  circle  of  acquaintances  in  New  Hampshire. 

On  the  2d  of  December  the  Second  started  for  City 


SECOND  REGIMENT.  167 

Point  to  be  mustered  out  of  the  United  States  service, 
which  took  place  on  the  19th,  and  on  the  21st  started 
for  ISTew  Hampshire.  At  Nashua,  Manchester  and  other 
stations  on  their  route  the  men  were  greeted  with  long 
and  hearty  cheers.  They  reached  Concord  at  nine 
o'clock  on  the  evening  of  the  23d,  and  marched  to  the 
hotels  where  a  bounteous  repast  awaited  them.  On 
Monday,  the  25th,  a  formal  reception  was  given  the 
regiment  by  Governor  Frederick  Smyth,  and  they 
marched  through  the  principal  streets  of  the  city, 
escorted  by  the  State  Militia  and  the  Veterans,  who 
once  had  the  honor  of  serving  under  its  tattered  ban 
ners.  Arriving  opposite  the  State  House,  after  being 
reviewed  by  the  Governor,  speeches  were  made  by  Gov 
ernor  Smyth,  Ex-Governor  Gilmore,  Adjutant  Gen. 
Natt  Head,  Col.  Walter  Harriman,  and  Col.  Peter  San- 
born,  which  were  handsomely  and  feelingly  replied  to 
by  Col.  Patterson.  On  Tuesday  the  26th,  the  men  were 
paid  off  and  discharged.  ~No  New  Hampshire  Regiment 
was  so  long  in  the  service,  and  none  left  a  more  honor 
able  record  for  bravery  and  good  conduct  throughout 
the  war  than  the  Second. 

The  roll  of  the  Second  Regiment,  during  its  organiza 
tion,  contained  more  than  three  thousand  names.  Every 
regiment  but  two  from  the  State  was  supplied,  in  part, 
with  officers  from  its  ranks ;  and  more  than  thirty  regi 
ments  in  the  field  had  upon  their  rosters  names  of  men 
that  were  once,  identified  with  it.  It  marched  more  than 
six  thousand  miles,  participated  in  more  than  twenty 
pitched  battles,  and  lost  in  action  upwards  of  one  thou 
sand  men. 

t 

The  notice  of  the  Second  Regiment  should  not  be 
closed  without  a  mention  of  Miss  Harriet  P.  Dame. 
She  was  connected  with  it,  near  or  remote,  during  its 
whole  term  of  service.  Wherever  the  wounded,  sick 


168  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  suffering  were,  Miss  Dame  was  always  found,  doing 
cheerfully  her  utmost  for  their  relief.  Many  officers 
and  enlisted  men  owe  their  lives  to  Ifler  unremitting  care. 
Major  Sayles,  who  was  shot  through  the  leg  at  Gettys 
burg,  and  Captains  Perkins  and  Converse,  who  each 
lost  an  arm,  say  that  through  her  exertions  their  lives 
were  saved.  She  attended  as  kindly  and  carefully  to 
privates  who  needed  her  care,  as  to  officers  of  the 
highest  rank,  and  is  remembered  by  all  with  the  affec 
tion  due  a  mother  or  sister. 

Much  of  the  fame  enjoyed  by  this  regiment  is  due  to 
the  energy  and  zeal  of  General  Gilman  Marston.  Al 
though  he  was  promoted  to  Brigadier  General,  and  as 
signed  to  duty  away  from  the  regiment,  he  left  it  with 
regret  and  watched  its  fortunes  with  an  unusual  interest. 
A  very  strong  attachment  existed  between  him  and  his 
first  command,  from  the  commencement  to  the  close  of 
the  war. 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  169 

THIRD  REGIMENT. 


This  was  the  second  regiment  raised  in  the  State  un 
der  the  call  of  the  President  for  three  years  troops.  It 
was  recruited,  as  the  two  preceding  regiments  had  been, 
throughout  the  State,  though  Manchester  furnished 
three  companies.  On  the  31st  of  July,  1861,  an  order 
was  issued  by  the  Governor  offering  a  bounty  of  ten  dol 
lars  to  be  paid  to  each  man  who  had,  or  might  thereafter 
enlist  and  be  mustered  into  the  Third  Regiment.  The 
same  order  was  carried  into  effect  in  recruiting  for  other 
regiments  subsequently  enlisted. 

The  men  rendezvoused  at  Camp  Berry,  Concord,  early 
in  August,  and  between  the  22d  and  26th  the  companies 
were  all  mustered  into  the  United  States  service,  by  Ma 
jor  Seth  Eastman,  of  the  regular  army,  consisting  often 
hundred  and  forty-seven  officers  and  men,  including  a 
regimental  band  of  twenty-four  pieces,  under  the  leader 
ship  of  Gustavus  W.  Ingalls,  of  Concord. 

The  following  were  the  commissioned  officers  and  the 
non-commissioned  staff  of  the  regiment  during  its  term 
of  service,  and  their  record,  as  gathered  from  the  Adju 
tant  General's  books,  and  from  other  sources. 

FIELD   AND    STAFF   OFFICERS. 

COLONELS — Enoch  Q.  Fellows,  of  Sandwich. 

Resigned  June  26,  1862. 
John  II.  Jackson,  of  Portsmouth. 

Wounded  slightly  July  18,  1863.     Honorably  discharged  Feb.  24,  1864 

John  Bedel,  of  Bath. 

Parolled  as  prisoner  of  war,  Dec.  0,  1864.  Appointed  Brigadier  General  U. 
B.  Vols.,  by  Brevet,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services,  to  date  from  March 
13,  1865.  Mustered  out  as  Colonel,  July  20,  1865. 

Lieut,  Colonel — John  II.  Jackson,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Colonel,  June  27,  1862 


170  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

John  Bedel,  of  Bath. 

Wounded  July  10,  1863.  Captured  at  Fort  Wagner,  July  18,  1863.  Pro 
moted  to  Colonel  while  prisoner  of  war,  April  6,  1^64. 

Josiah  I.  Plimpton,  of  Milford. 

Killed  at  Deep  Run,  Va.,  Aug.  16,  1864. 

James  F.  Randlett,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Majors — John  Bedel,  of  Bath. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel,  June  27,  1862. 

Josiah  I.  Plimpton,  of  Milford. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel,  April  6,  1864. 

James  F.  Randlett,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  severely  May  14,  1864.     Promoted  to  Lieut.  Col.  Oct.  12,  1864. 

William  H.  Trickey,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Wounded  slightly  June  19,  1865.  Wounded  accidentally  April  4,  1865. 
Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Adjutants — Alfred  J.  Hill,  of  Portsmouth. 

Resigned  April  14,  1862. 

Alvin  H.  Libby,  of  Manchester. 

Killed  at  Fort  Wagner,  July  18,  1863. 

ElbHdge  J.  Copp,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  severely  May  13,  1864.  Wounded  severely  Aug.  16  1864.  Mus 
tered  out  Oct.  16,  1864. 

Samuel  N.  Jackson,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Quartermasters — Arthur  S.  Nesmith,  of  Franklin. 

Resigned  Nov.  15,  1862. 

John  R.  Haynes,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  and  A.  Q.  M.,  F.  S.  Vols.  Sept.  20,  1864. 

George  B.  Bingham,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Surgeons — Albert  A.  Moulton,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  Nov.  15,  1862. 

Andrew  J.  H.  Buzzell,  of  Dover. 

Appointed  Lieut.  Colonel  U.  S.  Vols.,  by  Brevet,  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
conduct  at  the  storming  of  Fort  Fisher,  N.  C.,  to  date  from  March  13,  1865. 
Died  of  disease  at  Wilmington,  N.  C.,  March  28,  1865. 

Frank  B.  Kimball,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Assistant  Surgeons — Benjamin  F.  Eaton,  of  Hanover. 

Resigned  Oct.  1,  1862 

Andrew  J.  H.  Buzzell,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon,  Nov.  17,  1862, 

Charles  A.  Burnham. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept.  22,  1864. 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  171 

Daniel  Farrar,  of  Troj. 

Resigned  May  4,  1863. 

Frank  B.  Kimball,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  April  20,  1865, 

George  W.  Manter,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Chaplain — Henry  Hill,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  26,  1864. 

Sergeant  Majors — Thomas  M.  Jackson,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Dec.  16,  1861. 

Elbridge  J.  Copp,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1863. 

"William  L.  Dodge,  of  Hampton. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Jan.  4,  1864. 

George  F.  Lord,  of  Newmarket. 

Resigned  warrant  and  transferred  to  Company  B,  March  10,  1864. 

John  H.  Thing,  of  Exeter. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1864. 

Marquis  L.  Holt,  <3f  Nelson. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  April  6,  1865 

Thomas  Smith. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865 

Quartermaster  Sergeants — C.  F.  Brainard,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Nov.  17,  1862 

Yarnum  H.  Hill,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  and  A.  Q.  M.  Vols.,  May  19,  1864. 

George  B,.  James,  of  Hampton. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Jan.  24,  1865. 

William  A.  Swallow,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  June  26,  1865. 

John  Clark,  of  Keene. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Commissary  Sergeants — George  H.  Miner. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  4,  1864. 

George  B.  Bingham,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  Regimental  Q.  M.,  Nov.  9^1864. 

Charles  H.  Berry,  of  Claremont. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Hospital  Stewards — Moody  Sawyer,  of  Concord. 

Discharged  for  disability  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  Sept  9,  1862. 

Perry  Kittredge,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1864. 

Albert  D.  Scovell,  of  Walpole. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865, 


172  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Principal  Musicians — Harrison  B.  "Wing,  of  Manchester- 
Discharged  for  disability  at  Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  Sept.  7,  1863. 

John  L.  Randall  of  Deerfield? 

Discharged  for  disability  May  10,  1862. 

Michael  E.  A.  Galvin,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1864. 

Thomas  McEnry,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1864. 
COMPANY  OFFICEKS. 

Co.  A. — Captains — Rufus  F.  Clark,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Dec.  14,  1863. 

Orrin  M.  Dearborn,  of  Hampton. 

Mustered  out  Feb.  11,  1865. 

James  Plaisted,  of  Portsmouth. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Alvin  H.«Libby,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant,  April  15,  1862. 

John  R.  Haynes,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Quartermaster,  Nov.  16,  1862. 

Daniel  J.  Flanders,  of  Nashua. 

Resigned  July  2,  1863. 

Ruthven  "W.  Houghton,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  June  4,  1864 

John  M.  Parker,  of  Fitzwilliam. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  31,  1864. 

Dustin  Marshall,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  severely  Jan.  15,  1865.     Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  R.  Haynes,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  15,  1862 

Daniel  J.  Flanders,  of  Nashua. 

Transferred  to  Company  E. 

Ruthven  W.  Houghton,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  15,  1863 

John  Kirwin,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  23,  1863. 

John  M.  Head,  of  Exeter. 

Honorablv  discharged  March  24,  1864. 

George  H.  Giddings,  of  Exeter. 

Wounded  slightly  Aug.  16,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  12,  1864 

Co.  B.— Captains-^Tohn  E.  Wilbur,  of  Exeter. 

Dismissed  May  11,  1863. 


THIRD  ZEGIMENT.  173 

Thomas  M.  Jackson,  of  Portsmouth. 

Resigned  Aug.  8,  1863. 

Henry  S.  Dow,  of  Lisbon. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  7,  1864. 

Roger  "W.  Woodbury,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Henry  H.  Ayer,  of  Fisherville. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Aug.  1,  1862. 

Andrew  J.  Fogg,  of  Exeter. 

Resigned  May  9,  1863. 

David  Wads  worth,  Jr.,  of  Nashua. 

Transferred  to  Company  F. 

John  Kirwin,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  May  24, 1864. 

William  L.  Dodge,  of  Hampton. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  16,  1864. 

Joseph  Ackerman,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  24,  1865 

John  S.  Bryant,  of  Exeter. 

Died  of  disease,  May  23,  1865. 

Thomas  Price,  of  Barnstead. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Andrew  J.  Fogg,  of  Exeter. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  17,  1862. 

Jonah  Libby,  Jr.,  of  Boston,  Mass. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  16,  1862. 

Charles  F.  Brainard,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  13,  1863. 

J.  Homer  Edgerly,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  2,  1864 

Roger  W.  Woodbury,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  4,  1864 

Michael  J.  Connolly,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  12,  1864 

Co.  C. — Captains — Michael  T.  Donohoe,  of  Manchester 

Promoted  to  Colonel  10th  Regt.  Aug.  6,  1862. 

Robert  H.  Allen,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  June  29,  1864 

William  H.  Trickey,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Wounded  slightly  Sept.  3,  1864.     Do.  Oct.  27,  1864.     Promoted  to  Major 
Jan.  7,  1865. 

Daniel  Eldredge,  of  Lebanon. 

Declined.     Honorably  discharged  June  22,  1865,  to  date  May  21,  1865,  to 
fcccept  appointment  in  Veteran  Reserve  Corps. 


174  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

.  Joseph  Ackerman,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865 

First  Lieuts. — Robert  H.  Allen,* of  Manchester. 

Wounded  slightly  June  16,  1862.     Promoted  to  Captain  June  21,  1862. 

Walter  Cody,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  severely  June  16,  1862.     Resigned  Nov.  15,  1862. 

Jonah  Libby,  Jr.,  of  Boston,  Mass. 

Transferred  to  Company  D. 

George  Stearns,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  3,  1864. 

Roger  "W.  Woodbury,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  28,  1864. 

Michael  P.  Donley,  of  New  Ipswich. 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  16,  1865. 

Marquis  L.  Holt,  of  Nelson. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865 

Second  Lieuts. — Walter  Cody,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  slightly  June  16,  1862.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  1,  1862. 

Joseph  J.  Donohoe,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  7,  1863. 

Joseph  W.  Ackerman,  of  Hampton. 

Resigned  July  28,  1863. 

Charles  S.  Hazen,  of  Milford. 

Transferred  to  Company  D. 

John  M.  Parker,  of  Fitzwilliam. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  6,  1864. 

John  H.  Hitchcock,  of  Richmond. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  24,  1864. 

Samuel  Robinson,  of  Rochester. 

Not  mustered.     Died  of  wounds  June  2,  1864. 

Michael  P.  Donley,  of  New  Ipswich. 

Wounded  severely  Aug.  16,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  28,  1864. 

Co.  D. — Captains — Charles  F.  D unbar,  of  Hampton. 

Resigned  June  20,  1862. 

Robert  H.  Allen,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Company  C. 

"William  II.  Maxwell,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  severely  June  16,  1864.     Mustered  out  Dec.  14,  1864. 

John  S.  James,  of  Hampton. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — W.  H.  Cornelius,  of  Portsmouth. 

Resigned  March  14,  1863. 

Ruthven  W.  Houghton,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Company  A. 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  175 

Jonah  Libby,  Jr.,  of  Boston,  Mass. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  2,  1864. 

J.  Homer  Edgerly,  of  Dover.. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  1,  1864. 

James  E.  McCoy,  of  Pelham. 

Wounded  Oct.  27,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  4,  1865. 

James  H.  Plaisted,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  20,  1865. 

William  E.  Hammett,  of  Manchester. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — 0.  M.  Dearborn,  of  Hampton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  27,  1862. 

John  M.  Head,  of  Exeter. 

Transferred  to  Company  A. 

Charles  S.  Hazen,  of  Milford. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  24,  1864. 

William  H.  Burbank,  of  Tarn  worth. 

Com.  revoked.     Transferred  to  Company  G,  by  order  of  War  Department. 

Co.  E. — Captains — Josiah  I.  Plimpton,  of  Milford. 

Promoted  to  Major  June  27,  1862. 

Richard  Ela,  of  Concord. 

Killed  at  Drury's  Bluff,  Va.,  May  13,  1864. 

Andrew  J.  Wadlia,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Wounded  severely  Aug.  16,  1864.     Discharged  on  account  of  wounds  Feb. 
10,  1865. 

Michael  P.  Donley,  of  ^NTew  Ipswich. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Richard  Ela,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  15,  1862. 

John  F.  Langley,  of  Nottingham. 

Resigned  July  3,  1862. 

Orrin  M.  Dearborn,  of  Hampton. 

Transferred  to  Company  H. 

William  H.  Trickey,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July^7,  1864. 

Daniel  Eldredge,  of  Lebanon. 

Wounded  severely  Aug.  16,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  4,  1865. 

Edwin  N".  Bowen,  of  Richmond. 

Transferred  to  Company  K. 

Walter  J.  Richards,  of  Manchester. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  July  20,  1866. 

Second  Lieuts. — Geo.  W.  Jackson,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  Dec.  16,  1861 


176  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Thomas  M.  Jackson,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  1,  1862. 

Daniel  I.  Flanders,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  16,  1862. 

David  Wadsworth,  Jr.,  of  Nashua. 

-  Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  13,  1863. 

Eugene  J.  Button,  of  Nashua. 

Transferred  to  Company  F. 

J.  Homer  Edgerly,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  2,  1864. 

John  H.  Tredick,  of  Portsmouth. 

Wounded  severely  June  16,  1864.     Died  of  wounds  July  6,  1864. 

(Jo.  F. — Captains — James  F.  Randlett,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Major  April  6,  1864. 

David  Wads  worth,  Jr.,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  slightly  May  16,  1864.     Discharged  for  disability  Sept.  24,  1864. 

J.  Homer  Edgerly,  of  Dover. 

Appointed  Major  U.  S.  Vols.  by  brevet,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct 
at  the  storming  of  Fort  Fisher,  N.  C.,  to  date  from  March  13, 1865.  Mustered 
out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Charles  S.  Burnham,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Captain  June  27,  1862. 

Henry  A.  Marsh,  of  Nashua. 

Resigned  Dec.  31,  1862. 

George  Stearns,  of  Nashua. 

Transferred  to  Company  C. 

David  Wadsworth,  Jr.,  of  Nashua 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  6,  1864. 

Charles  S.  Hazen,  of  Milford. 

Wounded  severely  May  13,  1864.     Honorably  discharged  Dec.  17,  1864. 

Fred.  H.  Tuttle,  of  Milton. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Henry  A.  Marsh,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  slightly  June  16,  1862.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  4,  1862. 

George  Stearns,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1863. 

Elbridge  J.  Copp,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  July  20,  1863. 

Eugene  J.  Button,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  3,  1864. 

William  L.  Dodge,  of  Hampton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  24,  1864. 

Joseph  Ackerman,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  Aug.  16,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  28,  1864. 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  177 

Walter  Hellish,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  6,  1865. 

James  Quinlan,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Co.  G. — Captains— Pierce  L.  Wiggin,  of  Ossipee. 

Resigned  April  14,  1862. 

Richard  Ela,  of  Concord. 

Transferred  to  Company  E. 

George  W.  Emrnons,  of  Lebanon. 

Resigned  Sept.  18,  1863. 

Jonah  Libby,  Jr.,  of  Boston,  Mass. 

Wounded  severely  June  11,  1864.     Discharged  on  account  of  wounds  Oct. 
19,  1864. 

Charles  A.  White,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — George  W.  Emmons,  of  Lebanon. 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  2,  1862. 

Henry  C.  Handerson,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  Captain  March  7,  1863. 

Joseph  J.  Donohoe,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  April  14,  1863. 

Leonard  F.  Place,  of  Rochester. 

Resigned  July  22,  1863. 

Andrew  J.  Wacllia,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  24,  1864. 

Charles  A.  White,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  severely  Aug.  16,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  9,  1864. 

Arlon  S.  Atherton,  of  Richmond, 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  15,  1865. 

George  R.  James,  of  Hampton. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Henry  C.  Handerson,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  2,  1862. 

Darius  K.  Scruton,  of  Salmon  Falls. 

Wounded  July  16,  1862.     Died  of  wounds  Aug.  8,  1862. 

Andrew  J.  Wadlia,  of  Wolfeborough, 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  14,  1863. 

Roger  W.  Woodbury,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Company  B. 

Simon  N".  Lamprey,  of  Exeter. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  5,  1864. 

William  Davis. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept.  4,  1864. 


178  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Co.  H. — Captains — Robert  C.  Dow,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  June  21,  1862. 

"Welbee  J.  Butterfield,  of  J)over. 

Transferred  to  Company  K. 

Henry  H.  Ayer,  of  Fisherville. 

Wounded  severely  Aug.  26,  1863.     Killed  at  Drury's  Bluff,  Va.,  \iay  16, 
1864. 

John  Kirwin,  of  Manchester 

Mustered  out  Nov.  11,  1864. 

James  E.  McCoy,  of  Pelham. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Wm.  H.  Maxwell,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  June  17,  1862. 

Andrew  J.  Fogg,  of  Exeter. 

Transferred  to  Company  B,  June  17,  1862. 

Thomas  M.  Jackson,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  13,  1863. 

Charles  F.  Brainard,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  Aug.  10,  1863. 

Orrin  M.  Dearborn,  of  Hampton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  15,  1863. 

Frank  L.  Merrill,  of  Manchester. 

Died  of  wounds  July  13,  1864. 

John  S.  James,  of  Hampton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  6,  1865. 

Walter  Mellish,  of  "Keene. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — J.  F.  Langley,  of  Nottingham. 

Promoted  to  "First  Lieut.  April  15,  1862. 

Joseph  C.  Wiggin,  of  Sandwich. 

Killed  Aug.  22,  1862. 
Henry  F.  Hopkins,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  April  17,  1863. 

Frank  L.  Morrill,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  24,  1864. 

James  E.  McCoy,  of  Pelham. 

Wounded  slightly  June  16,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  13,  1864. 

William  Hammett,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  20,  1865. 

Co.  I. — Captains — "Ralph  Carl  ton,  of  Farmington. 

Wounded  severely  June  16,  1862.     Died  of  wounds"  July  17,  1862. 

"William  H.  Maxwell,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Company  D. 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  179 

Charles  S.  Burnham  of  Nashua. 

Honorably  discharged  Dec.  6,  1863. 

Ruthven  W.  Houghton,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  Oct.  24,  1864. 

John  H.  Hitchcock,  of  Richmond.- 

Not  mustered.     Dismissed  March  3,  1865. 

Arlon  S.  Atherton,  of  Richmond. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — John  II.  Thompson,  of  Holderness. 

Died  of  disease  Aug.  27,  1862. 

Henry  S.  Dow,  of  Lisbon. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  1,  1864. 

Eugene  J.  Button,  of  Nashua, 

Killed  at  Drury's  Bluff,  Va.,  May  16,  1864. 

John  H.  Hitchcock,  of  Richmond. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  4,  1865. 

Jesse  C.  Pushee,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Samuel  M.  Smith,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  22,  1862. 

Leonard  F.  Place,  of  Rochester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  15,  1863. 

William  M.  Trickey,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1864. 

Charles  A.  White,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  24,  1864. 

John  S.  James,  of  Hampton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  28,  1864. 

James  M.  Chase,  of  Concord. 

Not  mustered.     Discharged  for  disability  July  7,  1865. 

Co.  K — Captains — Israel  B.  Littlefield,  of  Dover. 

Resigned  April  1,  1862. 

George  W.  Emmons,  of  Lebanon. 

Transferred  to  Company  G. 

Welbee  J.  Butterfield,  of  Dover. 

Resigned  March  6,  1863. 

Henry  C.  Handerson,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  Sept.  18,  1863. 

George  Stearns,  of  Nashua. 

*  Mustered  out  Oct.  31,  1864. 

George  H.  Giddings,  of  Exeter. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Welbee  J.  Butterfield,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Captain  June  22,  1862. 


180  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Samuel  M.  Smith,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  June  13,  1863. 

Andrew  J.  Wadlia,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Transferred  to  Company  G. 

Simon  N".  Lamprey,  of  Exeter. 

Killed  at  Deep  Run,  Va.,  Aug.  16,  1864. 

George  II.  Giddings,  of  Exeter. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  4,  1865. 

Edwin  N".  Bowen,  of  Richmond. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865 

Second  Lieuts. — William  II.  Miles,  Madbury. 

Resigned  Feb.  6,  1862 

Henry  S.  Dow,  of  Lisbon. 

Transferred  to  Company  I. 

Marshall  P.  Hawkins,  of  Fitzwilliam. 

Resigned  Nov.  28,  1863. 

Daniel  Eldredge,  of  Lebanon. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  7,  1864. 

Arlon  S.  Atherton,  of  Richmond. 

Wounded  and  captured  Aug.  16, 1864.  Released.  Promoted  to  First  Lieut. 
Nov.  9,  1864. 

I 

All  the  field  officers  had  had  experience  in  the  army, 
and  some  of  them  had  been  under  fire.  Col.  Fellows 
was  educated  at  West  Point  Military  Academy,  had 
held  several  commissions  in  the  State  Militia,  and  was 
Adjutant  of  the  First  Regiment.  Lieut.  Colonel  Jack 
son  served  as  Lieutenant  and  Captain  in  the  Mexican 
war,  was  in  several  battles,  and  had  held  commissions — 
the  highest  that  of  Colonel — in  the  State  Militia.  Ma- 

O 

jor  Bedel  also  served  in  the  Mexican  war,  having  en 
listed  as  a  private,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant, 
by  reason  of  meritorious  conduct.  They  brought  to 
their  positions  what  was  much  needed  at  that  time — 
knowledge  of  their  duties  in  field  and  camp.  The  regi 
ment  was  composed  of  £ood  men,  well  officered,  and 
the  State  expected  from  it  much  honor,  as  well  as  use 
fulness  to  the  service,  nor  was  it  in  any  way  disap 
pointed. 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  181 

COLONEL  JOHN  H.  JACKSON. 

Colonel  Jackson  is  a  son  of  John  A.  H.  Jackson,  of 
Portsmouth.  He  was  born  at  that  place  on  the  20th  of 
October,  1814.  He  was  appointed  Lieutenant  in  the 
First  Regiment  New  Hampshire  Militia,  in  1841,  and 
rose  step  by  step  to  be  Colonel  of  the  same  in  1848.  On 
the  9th  of  April,  1847,  he  was  appointed  First  Lieuten 
ant  of  the  Ninth  Regiment,  United  States  Army,  and 
accompanied  his  regiment  on  its  march  to  the  City  of 
Mexico,  being  in  all  the  battles  in  the  Valley  of  Mexico, 
and  was  brevetted  for  gallant  services  on  the  19th  and 
30th  of  August,  1847,  at  the  battles  of  Contreras  and 
Churubusco,  and  commissioned  Captain  Feb.  17,  1848. 
He  was  mustered  out  of  service  the  following  August. 
After  the  fall  of  Chepultepec,  the  Ninth  Regiment 
pressed  forward  to  the  Aqueduct,  under  a  shower  of 
shot  and  shells.  An  escapet-ball  hit  Lieut.  Jackson 
in  the  breast  and  glanced  off  to  the  ground.  It  struck 
a  Bible  he  carried  in  his  breast  pocket,  the  gift  of  a  sis 
ter  as  he  left  home.  The  Bible  was  deeply  but  obliquely 
indented  by  the  ball,  and  to  it  he  owed  the  preservation 
of  his  life.  Col.  Jackson  was  an  inspector  in  the  Boston 
Custom  House  from  1853  to  1861.  On  the  6th  of  Au 
gust  of  the  same  year  he  was  appointed  Lieut.  Colonel 
of  the  Third  Regiment,  and  Colonel  of  the  same  on  the 
resignation  of  Col.  Fellows,  in  June,  1862,  which  posi 
tion  he  held  until  Feb.  24, 1864,  when  he  was  honorably 
discharged.  His  life  in  the  war  of  the  rebellion,  from 
August,  1861,  to  the  date  of  his  discharge  forms  a  part 
of  the  history  of  the  Third  Regiment.  On  the  1st  of 
January,  1867,  Col.  Jackson  was  appointed  an  Inspector 
in  the  Boston  Custom  House,  which  position  he  now 
holds.  He  was  removed  by  Collector  Goodrich,  in  1861, 
and  by  him  re-appointed  to  the  same  position  in  1867, 
as  a  reward  for  services  rendered  the  country. 


182  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

GENERAL  JOHN  BEDEL. 

General  Bedel,  of  Bath,  is  a  son  of  G$n.  Moody  Bedel. 
He  was  born  on  the  8th  of  July,  1822,  at  Indian  Stream 
Territory,  what  is  now  Pittsburg.  He  was  educated  at 
Newbury,  Vermont,  Seminary,  read  law  with  Hon. 
Harry  Hibbard,  of  Bath,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Graf- 
ton  County  bar  in  1850.  He  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the 
Ninth  Regiment  United  States  Infantry,  ^farch  25, 1847, 
and  was  soon  promoted  to  First  Sergeant  of  Company 
H.  He  was  discharged  at  Vera  Cruz,  Aug.  8,  1847,  on 
account  of  disability.  Dec.  30,  1847,  he  was  appointed 
Second  Lieutenant  in  the  same  regiment,  and  served 
until  August,  1848,  when  he  was  honorably  discharged. 
For  some  years  subsequent  to  the  Mexican  war  he  was 
clerk  in  one  of  the  Departments  at  Washington.  Au 
gust  6,  1861,  he  was  appointed  Major  of  the  Third  Regi 
ment,  and  at  once  entered  upon  the  duties  of  his  position, 
with  great  energy  and  industry.  On  the  resignation  of 
Col.  Fellows,  in  June,  1862,  Major  Bedel  was  promoted 
to  Lieut.  Colonel ;  and  while  prisoner  of  war,  April  6, 
1864,  to  Colonel  of  the  same  regiment.  He  was  wounded 
by  a  solid  shot  at  Morris  Island,  on  the  10th  of  June, 
1863.  He  returned  to  duty  on  the  16th,  and  was  cap 
tured  far  in  advance  of  his  men,  in  the  night  assault  up 
on  Fort  Wagner,  Morris  Island,  July  18,  1863,  and  was 
not  paroled  until  Dec.  10,  1864 — remaining  in  the  hands 
of  the  enemy  nearly  seventeen  months — was  declared 
exchanged,  at  Annapolis,  Md.,  March  31,  1864,  and  re 
turned  to  his  regiment  at  Wilmington,  1ST.  C.,  as  Colonel, 
on  the  llth  of  April,  1865.  He  was  appointed  Briga 
dier  General  United  States  Volunteers,  by  Brevet,  "  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services,  to  date  from  March 
13,  1865."  He  served  with  distinction  through  the 
war,  and  was  mustered  out  with  his  regiment,  July 
20,  1865. 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  183 

When  taken  prisoner,  Gen.  Bedel  was  carried  to 
Richland  County  Jail  and  South  Carolina  Penitentiary, 
at  Columbus,  S.  C.  While  the  exposure  of  the  prisoners 
confined  here  to  the  elements  was  not  as  severe  as  those 
confined  at  Belle  Isle,  Andersonville  and  Salisbury,  they 
were  almost  continually  threatened  with  being  shot, 
hung,  or  exposed  on  the  ramparts  of  Fort  Sumter. 
The  prisoners  were  kept  in  close  confinement,  robbed, 
starved,  exposed  to  cold  without  fuel,  shot  at  and  shot 
into  for  attempting  to  escape,  and  then  put  in  irons  and 
solitary  confinement  for  months,  as  a  punishment.  Col. 
Bedel  was  put  in  solitary  confinement  and  so  kept  five 
months,  from  the  7th  of  March  to  the  7th  of  August, 
1864,  for  not  submitting  with  sufficient  docility  to  his 
treatment.  Capt.  Shadrach  T.  Harris,  of  the  East  Ten 
nessee  Cavalry,  was  kept  in  irons  twenty-six  months, 
but  they  did  not  dare  to  carry  their  threats  to  shoot  and 
hang  him  into  execution.  Col.  Bedel  probably  suffered 
no  more  than  others  who  were  confined  in  the  same 
prison,  and  perhaps  not  as  much  as  some ;  but  his  suf 
ferings  from  cold,  hunger,  solitude  and  threats  of  death 
in  every  shape,  and  his  feelings  when,  after  seventeen 
months  of  such  confinement,  he  was  paroled  and  sent 
into  our  lines,  may  be  more  easily  imagined  than  de 
scribed. 

When  the  war  was  over,  Gen.  Bedel  returned  to  his 
home,  in  Bath,  where  he  still  resides,  and  enjoys  the 
confidence  and  respect  of  a  large  circle  of  warm  friends 
and  acquaintances.  He  represented  his  town  in  the 
popular  branch  of  the  Legislature  in  1868  and  1869,  and 
was  the  candidate  of  the  democrats  for  Governor  in 
1869,  receiving  the  full  vote  of  his  party.  To  him,  as 
much  as  to  any  single  man,  belongs  the  credit  of  mak 
ing  the  Third  one  of  the  most  efficient,  brave  and  hon 
ored  regiment  that  went  from  New  Hampshire  during 
the  four  years'  war  of  the  rebellion. 


184  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

By  act  of  Congress  of  July  22d,  1861,  the  President 
was  authorized  to  call  for  volunteers,  not  to  exceed 
500,000  in  all.  He  gave  Gen.  T.  W.  Sherman  authority 
to  organize  a  secret  expeditionary  Corps.  The  Third 
New  Hampshire  Regiment  was  assigned  to  this  corps, 
and  was  the  first  in  the  field. 

On  the  3d  of  September,  1861,  the  Third  Regiment 
struck  tents  and  took  transportation  for  Camp  Winfield 
Scott,  on  Long  Island,  !N".  Y.,  with  ten  hundred  and 
thirty- one  officers  and  men,  fully  equipped  and  armed 
with  Enfield  rifled  muskets,  where  they  arrived  next 
day.  The  Band  was  full  and  excellent ;  the  camp  and 
garrison  equipage  abundant  and  substantial ;  the  trans 
portation — ninety  horses  and  twenty-five  wagons — of  a 
superior  quality,  hardly  surpassed  by  that  of  any  volun 
teer  regiment  which  took  the  field  during  the  rebellion; 
the  hospital  department  thoroughly  organized  and  sup 
plied  with  all  the  requisites  for  the  preservation  of  the 
health  of  the  troops ;  the  means  complete  for  preparing 
food  for  the  men  properly  and  speedily ;  nor  were  the 
means  of  mental  and  moral  culture  neglected.  The 
regiment  lacked  nothing  but  that  experience  which 
every  volunteer  organization  must  acquire  in  the  field 
before  it  is  fitted  for  active  campaigning. 

Camp  Winfield  Scott  was  designed  as  a  camp  of  in 
struction  for  the  corps  of  sixteen  or  more  regiments. 
The  Third  was  the  first  to  arrive  and  had  its  choice  of 
quarters.  In  it  were  many  officers  and  men  who  had 
previously  seen  service,  which  was  a  great  aid  in  disci 
plining  the  regiment  and  instructing  the  men  in  acquir 
ing  soldierly  habits. 

Late  on  the  14th  of  September  orders  were  received 
for  the  regiment  to  be  ready  in  fifteen  minutes  to  leave 
for  parts  unknown.  It  took  cars  accordingly,  leaving 
behind  all  but  arms  and  equipments,  and  at  midnight 
on  the  15th  was  landed  at  the  depot  in  Washington,  D. 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  185 

C.,  and  next  day  went  into  camp  near  the  Congres 
sional  burying  ground.  The  United  States  took  posses 
sion  of  the  tents,  horses,  wagons  and  camp  equipage,  and 
they  were  never  returned  to  the  regiment. 

While  at  Long  Island,  the  ladies  of  Hampton  Plains 
had  made  arrangements  to  present  the  regiment  with  a 
stand  of  national  colors,  as  a  compliment  to  its  discipline 
and  good  conduct,  and  a  delegation  of  gentlemen  was 
sent  with  it  to  Washington,  where  it  was  presented  by 
Dr.  Scudder,  in  behalf  of  the  ladies.  The  source 
from  whence  it  came  and  the  cause  of  its  presentation 
endeared  it  to  every  soldier  in  the  regiment,  and  its  rent, 
perforated  and  tattered  folds,  deposited  in  the  State 
House  at  Concord,  attest  with  what  gallantry  it  was 
borne  and  guarded  by  its  grateful  recipients. 

At  Washington  the  Third  Regiment  was  joined  by 
the  8th  Maine,  and  46th,  47th  and  48th  New  York,  and 
together  composed  the  First  Brigade  of  Sherman's 
Division.  The  President  visited  the  regiment  and  com 
plimented  it  in  very  high  terms  for  its  fine  appearance. 

On  the  4th  of  October  the  regiment  moved  to  An 
napolis,  Md.  While  there  Mrs.  Gen.  Veile,  presented 
it  with  a  stand  of  national  colors,  Gov.  Hicks,  of  Md., 
speaking  in  behalf  of  the  donor,  as  follows  : 

COL.  FELLOWS — Dear  Sir :  Allow  me  to  present  to  you 
and  your  command  this  rich  emblem — a  gift  from  the 
accomplished  and  patriotic  Mrs.  Brig.  Gen.  Yeile. 

Col.  Fellows  took  the  colors,  unfurled  them  to  the 
view  of  his  command,  and  the  large  number  of  specta 
tors,  military  and  civil,  who  had  been  invited  to  be  pres 
ent,  and  responded  as  follows  : 

Gov.  HICKS,  GENTLEMEN,  AND  FELLOW-SOLDIERS — The 
First  Regiment  New  Hampshire  Volunteers  (three  months' 
soldiers),  on  their  way  to  Washington  passing  through 
the  city  of  New  York,  were  met  by  a  delegation  of  Sons 


186  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

of  New  Hampshire,  residents  of  that  city,  and  presented 
a  beautiful  stand  of  colors.  I  had  the  honor  of  being  a 
member  of  that  regiment,  and  we  all  felt  very  proud  to 
receive  the  emblem  of  our  nationality  from  such  a  source. 
"We  carried  that  banner  with  pride  through  that  cam 
paign.  Being  honorably  discharged,  we  took  it  with  us 
up  to  our  home  among  the  old  granite  hills  of  New 
Hampshire.  Our  country  still  bleeding,  the  call  of  duty 
was  imperative,  and  this  regiment  was  immediately  or 
ganized  ;  and  on  our  way  to  the  seat  of  war,  we  en 
camped  a  few  days  at  Long  Island,  near  the  town  of 
Hempstead,  from  which  quiet  village  we  had  the  honor 
and  great  pleasure  of  receiving  a  beautiful  flag,  as  a  testi 
mony  of  respect,  from  the  ladies  residing  there.  What 
adds  still  more  to  the  importance  of  that  gift,  is  the  fact 
that  we*  did  not  stay  long  enough  to  have  the  flag  fin 
ished,  but  received  it  in  Washington,  through  a  dele 
gation  of  prominent  citizens,  headed  by  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Scudder. 

During  our  stay  in  the  city  of  "Washington  of  about 
two  weeks,  a  beautiful  and  accomplished  lady  in  the 
person  of  Mrs.  Brig.  Gen.  Yeile  appears  in  camp,  like 
a  bright  oasis  in  a  barren  desert,  remaining  with  her 
husband,  our  gallant  Brigadier,  long  enough  to  observe 
some  of  the  hardships  of  a  soldier's  life  and  appreciate 
his  sacrifices ;  then  quietly  leaving  her  husband  for  her 
beautiful  home  on  the  shore  of  Long  Island,  and  us  in 
forgetfulness  as  we  supposed ;  but  no,  though  far  away 
she  still  remembers,  and  as  a  token  of  that  remembrance 
and  of  respect,  sends  us  this  beautiful  flag, 

"  Oh,  long  may  it  wave 
O'er  the  land  of  the  free  and  the  home  of  the  brave." 

This  is  the  third  time  a  New  Hampshire  regiment  has 
received  a  flag  from  citizens  of  New  York.  One  from  a 
number  of  gentlemen,  one  from  a  small  society  of  ladies, 
and  this  magnificent  one  from  a  single  lady.  Fellow- 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  187 

soldiers,  what  mean  these  gifts?  I  will  tell  you.  It 
shows  that  you  have  made  a  favorable  impression  as  a 
regiment,  wherever  you  have  been,  and  now  the  ques 
tion  comes,  shall  we  maintain  the  reputation  we  have  ? 
I  answer  for  you,  we  will  try.  And  now,  sir,  in  behalf 
of  this  regiment,  I  beg  through  you,  to  thank  Mrs.  Yeile 
for  this  splendid  token  of  her  consideration ;  also  I  pray 
convey  to  her  the  assurance  that  with  God's  blessing 
we  will  return  with  this  flag  waving  triumphantly  over 
us,  or  die  beneath  its  folds. 

The  flag  cost  in  New  York  city  $300.00.  The  fringe 
is  of  gold,  very  heavy,  and  the  staff  trimmings  of  pure 
silver.  Upon  one  piece  is  engraven,  "  Presented  to  Col. 
Fellows'  regiment,  3d  K  H.,  by  Mrs.  Veile." 

This  flag  was  riddled  with  bullets  in  the  memorable 
battle  of  Deep  Run,  Aug.  16,  1-864.  It  was  followed  by 
a  band  of  as  valiant  men  as  ever  received  their  nations' 
ensign  from  the  hands  of  fair  ladies,  and  has  been  safely 
deposited  beside  the  other  war  worn,  battle  stained  flags 
of  the  regiment  in  the  State  House. 

On  the  18th  the  Third  Regiment  went  on  board  Gen. 
Sherman's  flagship  Atlantic,  and  left  the  harbor  on  the 
19th  for  Fortress  Monroe,  arriving  there,  the  next  day, 
where  they  remained  until  the  29th,  when  they  sailed 
for  Port  Royal,  and  after  experiencing  a  most  terrific 
gale,  made  that  harbor  on  the  4th  of  November.  After 
a  council  of  Gen.  Sherman  and  other  officers  it  was  de 
termined  not  to  land  any  troops  until  the  forts  on  each 
side  of  the  river  should  be  reduced  by  the  Navy.  On 
the  7th  the  bombardment  commenced  in  earnest,  was 
grand  beyond  description  and  the  rebels  were  com 
pletely  shelled  out.  The  Third  landed  on  the  9th,  went 
into  camp  in  a  cotton  and  corn  field,  and  in  clearing  a 
camp  and  drill  ground  burned  a  large  quantity  of  cot 
ton. 


188  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Colonel  Fellows  issued  the  following  Thanksgiving 
Proclamation.  At  the  dinner  sentiments  were  offered 
by  representatives  from  New  Hampshire,  and  responded 
to  with  spirit.  The  occasion  was  much  enjoyed  by  the 
regiment  and  others  who  participated  in  the  exercises  : 

HEADQUARTERS  3d  1ST.  H.  V.,        \ 
Hilton  Head,  S.  C.,  Nov.  28,  1861.  / 

According  to  the  custom  of  our  fathers  I  propose  to 
observe  this  day  after  New  England  fashion.  For  al 
though  we  are  now  in  South  Carolina,  we  can  not  for 
get  that  we  are  citizens  of  New  Hampshire. 

I  sincerely  congratulate  you,  fellow-soldiers,  on  your 
good  conduct  and  obedience  to  orders,  and  above  all  on 
your  reputation  as  a  regiment. 

Let  us  therefore,  on  account  of  the  innumerable  bless 
ings  by  which  we  have  been  and  are  still  surrounded,  offer 
up  our  hearts  in  thanksgiving  and  praise  to  that  Being 
who  orders  all  things  well.  And  may  the  time  soon 
come  when  we  can  bid  farewell  to  war's  dread  alarms 
and  return  to  the  quiet  pursuits  of  peaceful  life. 

You  will  be  excused  to-day  from  all  unnecessary  drill 
and  parade. 

E.  Q.  FELLOWS,  COLONEL. 

From  the  9th  of  November  to  the  10th  of  December, 
the  regiment  was  engaged  in  drilling,  doing  picket  and 
guard  duty  and  furnishing  working  details  on  the  en 
trenchments.  Dec.  31st,  the  47th  and  48th  New  York 
regiments  were  ordered  to  report  to  Gen.  Stevens  to 
take  part  in  an  expedition  against  the  enemy's  works 
at  Port  Koyal  Ferry,  on  the  Coosaw  River.  The  former 
regiment  having  but  one  field  officer,  Major  Bedel  was 
ordered  to  accompany  the  expedition.  The  object  was 
fully  accomplished  by  the  aid  of  gun  boats,  after  a  two 
days'  fight,  Jan.  1st  and  2d,  1862.  The  enemy's  works 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  189 

were  captured  and  dismantled,  one  fortification  gun  se 
cured,  and  all  buildings  used  as  quarters  burned.  The 
troops  engaged  received  the  thanks  of  the  General  com 
manding  the  department,  in  general  orders.  This  was 
the  first  real  engagement  of  the  land  forces  in  the  De 
partment  of  the  South. 

January  29th,  1862,  Capt.  Donohoe,  with  a  platoon  of 
forty  men  from  his  company,  was  ordered  to  report  on 
board  the  steamer  McClellan,  Gen.  Sherman's  flagship 
and  headquarters,  to  act  as  a  body  guard,  and  did  not 
return  to  the  regiment  until  about  the  first  of  February. 
The  48th  JSTew  York  having  gone  on  an  expedition  un 
der  Gen.  Yeile,  the  55th  Pennsylvania  regiment  was 
assigned  to  the  first  brigade.  During  the  month  of 
February  all  the  troops,  except  the  Third  ISTew  Hamp 
shire  arid  five  companies  of  the  8th  Maine  regiment, 
had  left  Hilton  Head  for  duty  elsewhere. 

March  18th,  Gen.  Sherman  having  left  for  Fernandina, 
Fla.,  Col.  Fellows,  being  in  command  of  the  Post,  or 
dered  Lieut.  Col.  Jackson  to  make  a  reconnoisance  in 
the  direction  of  Blulfton,  with  all  the  available  men  of 
the  regiment,  leaving  Major  Bedel,  much  to  his  dis 
pleasure,  in  command  of  the  camp.  The  regiment  was 
accompanied  by  two  field  pieces  and  a  detachment  of 
the  3d  Rhode  Island  Artillery.  About  three  o'clock  on 
the  morning  of  the  10th  they  took  water  transportation 
and  made  for  White  House  Point,  where  companies  A 
and  F  were  ordered  to  put  in  and  remain  quiet  until 
daylight,  while  the  balance  of  the  command  was  to  land 
at  another  point  further  on.  This  disposition  resulted 
in  the  capture  of  four  of  the  enemy's  pickets,  without 
firing  a  gun.  The  command  took  boats  and  proceeded 
to  Bull  Island.  On  the  22(1  the  largest  portion  of  the 
command  proceeded  to  Bluffton,  where  a  company  of 
rebel  cavalry  was  posted,  which  evacuated  the  place  at  the 
first  fire.  The  command  returned  to  camp  on  the  24th. 


190  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

On  the  night  of  the  28th  of  March  the  enemy  made 
a  demonstration  on  Edisto  Island,  surprised  the  55th 
Pennsylvania,  posted  there,  killed  two  and  captured 
twenty-three  of  the  regiment.  Major  Bedel,  happening 
to  be  at  Edisto,  volunteered  to  accompany  a  field  piece 
and  ninety  men  of  the  47th  New  York,  to  re-enforce 
Col.  White,  of  the  55th  Pennsylvania,  then  engaged 
with  the  enemy,  about  ten  miles  from  Col.  Moore's 
headquarters.  He  joined  Col.  White  in  season  to  aid 
him  in  forcing  the  enemy  to  retire  from  Edisto  and 
Little  Edisto  Islands,  and  reported  to  Col.  Moore  before 
midnight.  The  55th  Pennsylvania  afterward  abandoned 
its  post  and  retired  to  the  vicinity  of  the  47th  New 
York.  Gen.  Hunter,  who  had  just  relieved  Gen.  Sher 
man  in  the  command  of  the  Department,  ordered  the 
Third  New  Hampshire,  Col.  Fellows,  to  re-occupy  the 
abandoned  post  at  once.  The  regiment  left  Hilton  Head 
on  the  3d  of  April  by  steamer,  and  landed  on  Edisto 
the  same  night,  and  the  next  day  marched  across  the 
island  to  its  new  quarters.  Col.  Fellows  was  ranking 
officer,  in  command  of  the  Post,  and  did  not  accompany 
the  regiment.  Four  pieces  of  the  3d  Rhode  Island  Artil 
lery,  Capt.  Day,  joined  the  command.  Two  companies 
under  Major  Bedel,  with  one  piece  of  Capt.  Day's  bat 
tery,  were  stationed  about  a  mile  in  front  of  Regimental 
Headquarters,  toward  Jehossie  Island;  one  company, 
under  Capt.  Donohoe,  was  stationed  near  the  south 
Edisto  river;  one,  under  Capt.  Dow,  was  detailed  as 
provost  guard  at  Post  Headquarters,  and  other  com 
panies  were  variously  disposed  of  in  similar  duties  until 
the  1st  of  June,  Meantime  a  demonstration  was  made 
by  Major  Bedel,  about  the  10th  of  April,  on  the  enemy's 
pickets  at  Watt's  Cut,  but  with  strict  orders  not  to  bring 
on  an  engagement.  Two  or  three  days  afterward  a 
reconnoisance  in  force  was  made  by  Lieut.  Col.  Jackson 
at  the  same  point,  the  rebel  pickets  driven  in  and  their 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  191 

breastworks  leveled.  On  the  17th  a  simultaneous  ad 
vance  was  made  by  the  Third  'New  Hampshire  and 
Forty-seventh  New  York,  on  Jehossie  Island,  and  the 
enemy  driven  in.  Several  other  reconnoisances  were 
made  on  Jehossie  and  Bonny  Hall  islands. 

On  the  23d  of  April  Col.  Fellows  was  relieved  by 
Gen.  "Wright,  and  left  for  home  on  a  sixty  days'  fur 
lough.  He  resigned,  his  resignation  was  accepted  on 
the  26th  of  June,  and  he  did  not  return  to  the  regiment. 
On  the  27th  Lieut.  Col.  Jackson  was  promoted  to  Col 
onel,  Major  Bedel  to  Lieut.  Colonel,  and  Capt.  Josiah 
I.  Plimpton,  of  Co.  E,  to  Major. 

Soon  after  Gen.  Hunter  had  relieved  Gen.  Sherman 
of  the  command,  the  department  wras  divided  into  two 
parts,  the  northern  division,  in  which  the  Third  was 
serving  being  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Benham. 
The  regiment  was  brigaded  with  the  First  Massachu 
setts  Cavalry,  Third  Rhode  Island  Artillery,  and  Sor- 
rell's  New  York  Volunteer  Engineers,  which  was  known 
as  the  "  Division  Headquarters  Brigade,"  and  was  com 
manded  by  Col.  Robert  Williams,  of  the  First  Massachu 
setts  Cavalry,  he  being  the  ranking  officer.  On  the 
4th  of  May  seventeen  recruits  joined  the  regiment. 

On  the  1st  of  June  an  order  was  received  for  the 
Third,  and  Forty-seventh  New  York  to  report  before 
daylight  the  next  morning  at  Post  Headquarters,  ten 
miles  distant,  which  done  they  were  ordered  to  cross 
the  North  Edisto  river  to  John's  Island,  and  follow  Col. 
Williams,  whom  they  overtook  after  a  hard  march, 
through  rain  and  mud,  of  seven  miles.  On  the  morning 
of  the  4th  the  command  marched  for  Legareville,  twelve 
miles,  in  a  tremendous  storm  and  dense  darkness,  through 
mud  and  water  half-leg  deep.  Arrived  at  their  place  of 
destination  they  found  that  Gen.  Stevens,  who  went  by 
water,  had,  with  the  aid  of  gunboats,  already  driven  the 
rebels  from  some  of  their  batteries  and  effected  a  land- 


192  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

ing  on  James  Island,  having  taken  three  guns  and  dis 
abled  another. 

On  the  6th  the  command  crossed  to  James  Island,  and 
on  the  7th  was  sent  to  relieve  the  advanced  pickets. 
During  the  night  it  was  ordered  to  make  a  sudden  dash 
on  the  rebel  pickets  and  gain  any  information  practica 
ble  as  to  the  enemy's  strength  and  position.  Major  Be 
del  was  field  officer  of  the  day  in  command  of  the  pickets, 
and  was  directed  to  detail  one  company  to  go  forward  to 
a  house  occupied  by  the  rebels,  and  within  their  picket 
lines.  Capt.  Plimpton's  Company  E,  was  selected,  and 
at  once  went  forward  to  the  house,  the  enemy  retiring 
before  them.  At  a  concerted  signal  Companies  C,  D, 
and  K,  moved  forward  to  the  support  of  Company  E ; 
but  as  strong  works  and  many  mounted  guns  could  be 
seen,  further  advance  was  not  deemed  practicable.  In 
the  afternoon  the  experiment  was  repeated,  for  the  pur 
pose  of  drawing  the  enemy's  fire.  Capt.  Donohoe's 
Company  C,  moved  rapidly  forward  and  passed  the 
house,  supported  by  portions  of  the  regiment  and  a 
squad  of  Cavalry.  The  enemy  opened  fire,  from  his 
batteries,  and  as  the  Third  retired  he  followed  so  closely 
that  the  line  was  forced  back  some  distance.  The 
ground  was,  however,  retaken,  and  the  regiment  was 
soon  after  relieved  and  ordered  to  join  Col.  Williams' 
Brigade,  two  miles -further  to  the  left. 

On  the  10th  a  brisk  fight  took  place  between  the 
pickets  under  Col.  Guss,  of  the  79th  Pennsylvania,  and 
a  regiment  of  the  enemy,  which  advanced  too  far  in  re- 
connoitering  our  lines.  Major  Bedel  was  present  at  the 
picket  line  when  the  enemy  made  his  appearance,  vol 
unteered  to  act  as  aid  to  Col.  Guss,  and  participated  in 
the  fight,  and  himself  captured  four  prisoners,  including 
a  Captain  of  a  Georgia  Regiment,  with  his  sword,  belt, 
and  pistol,  and  captured  and  brought  in  seven  muskets. 
Col.  Williams  gave  him  permission  to  retain  the  Cap- 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  193 

tain's  arms  and  one  musket.  Fifteen  of  the  enemy 
were  killed  and  found  on  the  field,  seven  wounded  and 
taken  prisoners,  'two  of  whom  died,  and  it  was  reported 
that  sixty-five  others  were  wounded ;  while  the  loss  on 
our  side  was  three  killed  and  twelve  wounded. 

On  the  16th  of  June  the  Third  Kegiment  received  its 
first  baptism  in  blood.  Gen.  Benham  had  ordered 
an  advance  on  Secessionville,  about  two  miles  from 
camp.  Gen.  Stevens  commenced  the  attack  on  the 
"  Marsh  Battery "  before  daylight,  and  was  repulsed 
three  times  before  the  division  of  Gen.  Wright  was  en 
gaged.  A  battalion  of  the  Third  Rhode  Island  was  sent 
forward  as  skirmishers,  and  the  Third  New  Hampshire 
was  ordered  to  support  it  and  the  Ninety-seventh  Penn 
sylvania,  which  were  said  to  be  in  front.  On  coming 
within  rifle-shot  of  the  rebel  batteries  no  troops  were 
found  in  front,  and  the  regiment  was  therefore  halted. 
It  proved  that  the  two  regiments  mentioned  had  ob 
liqued  to  the  right,  and  came  *out  in  front  of  Stevens5 
division.  The  Third  was  thrown  forward  as  near  the 
enemy's  battery  as  a  marsh  and  creek  intervening  would 
admit,  and  opened  fire,  silencing  every  gun  in  the  bat 
tery  and  driving  the  enemy  out  with  so  hot  a  fire  that 
not  a  gun  could  be  loaded  or  discharged  for  an  hour. 
In  reaching  this  position  the  regiment  was  enfiladed  by 
a  field  battery  with  grape  and  canister.  A  fort  to  its 
left  and  rear  opened  with  shell  and  round  shot.  Mus 
ketry  from  the  rear  soon  followed,  and  finally  shells 
from  Gen.  Stevens'  battery,  and  from  gunboats  in  Stono 
river,  intended  for  the  enemy's  marsh  battery,  fell,  in 
stead,  into  the  ranks  of  the  Third.  Efforts  were  made 
to  secure  re-enforcements  to  the  regiment,  or  some  artil 
lery,  to  silence  the  enemy's  fire  in  the  rear,  but  without 
avail.  The  Third  lay  within  forty  yards  of  the  rebel 
fort,  and  would  have  crossed  the  stream,  had  it  been 
fordable,  and  easily  taken  the  works;  but  large  re-en- 


194  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

forcements  were  brought  in  from  Charleston,  by  the 
enemy,  and  the  guns  of  the  men  got  so  foul  as  in  many 
cases  to  be  useless ;  and  it  appearing  to  be  of  no  advan 
tage  to  hold  the  position  longer,  Lieut.  Col.  Jackson  gave 
the  order  to  retire,  which  was  accomplished  in  good  or 
der,  and  soon  after  the  regiment  returned  to  camp.  The 
brigade  commander,  Col.  Williams,  in  a  letter  to  Gov. 
Berry,  of  New  Hampshire,  said :  "  I  do  not  believe  it 
possible  for  men  to  have  acted  with  more  courage,  and 
I  desire  particularly  to  call  your  attention  to  the  marked 
gallantry  of  Lieut.  Col.  Jackson,  Major  Bedel,  and  Capt. 
Plimpton.  Their  conduct  was  even  noticed  by  the 
enemy,  as  it  was  afterward  stated  at  a  flag  of  truce." 
Capt.  Plimpton  was  acting  Major  at  this  time. 

The  regiment  went  into  the  fight  with  twenty-six  offi 
cers  and  five  hundred  and  ninety-seven  men,  of  whom 
one  hundred  and  four  were  killed  and  wounded.  Capt. 
Ralph  Carlton,  a  gallant  and  promising  officer,  was  hit 
in  both  legs  by  a  solid  shot,  and  died  the  same  day. 
Lieut.  I).  K.  Scruton  wras  wounded  in  the  hand  and  arm, 
and  died  of  his  wounds  on  the  8th  of  the  following  Au 
gust.  Lieut.  Walter  Cody  was  severely  -wounded  in  the 
thigh.  Lieut.  Henry  C.  Ilanderson  was  wounded  se 
verely,  and  Lieuts.  R.  H.  Allen  and  H.  A.  Marsh  slightly. 
Lieut.  S.  M.  Smith  had  his  shoulder  strap  shot  off,  and 
Lieut.  John  R.  Haynes  had  his  boot  leg  ripped  open 
with  a  musket  ball.  Col.  Jackson  mentioned,  as  partic 
ularly  deserving  notice,  besides  the  field  officers,  Cap 
tains  Donohoe,  Wilbur  and  Randlett,  Adjutant  Libby 
and  Sergeant  Major  Copp.  The  regiment  went  into  the 
battle  eagerly  and  retreated  reluctantly.  It  behaved  so 
well  as  to  command  respect,  and  received  the  commend 
ation  of  all.  It  won  a  name  for  valor  that  will  never  be 
forgotten  so  long  as  the  rebellion  is  remembered.  The 
failure  was  solely  for  want  of  good  generalship.  Upon 
the  return  of  Gen.  Hunter,  who  had  been  temporarily 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  195 

absent  from  the  Department,  Gen.  Benham  was  sent  to 
Washington  under  arrest. 

After  spending  a  fortnight  in  busy  preparation  for 
shelling  the  enemy  out  by  regular  approaches,  an  order 
was  received  to  evacuate  the  island.  The  regiment, 
except  Co.  C,  then  on  picket,  embarked  July  2d,  on 
steamer  Cosmopolitan,  and  landed  at  Hilton  Head  the 
next  day,  where  it  was  soon  joined  by  Co.  C.  Three 
men  deserted  from  Co.  II  to  the  enemy  on  the  6th  of 
August,  On  the  morning  of  the  21st  the  enemy  sur 
prised  Co.  H,  on  Pinkney  Island,  killed  Lieut.  Joseph 
C.  Wiggin,  commanding  the  company,  and  two  privates; 
wounded  three  privates,  two  of  whom  subsequently  died, 
and  captured  thirty-six  men  with  their  arms.  Disease, 
incident  to  the  climate,  prevailed  to  a  great  extent  and 
deaths  were  frequent.  Lieut.  John  II.  Thompson,  com 
missary  of  the  regiment,  died  on  the  27th  of  August, 
honored  and  lamented.  One  hundred  and  seven  re 
cruits  joined  the  regiment  from  the  13th  of  September 
to  the  21st  of  October,  about  which  time  Lieut.  Col. 
Jackson,  Major  Bedel  and  Capt.  Plimpton  received 
commissions  promoting  them  to  Colonel,  Lieut.  Colonel 
and  Major,  respectively,  dated  June  27,  1862.  Gen. 
Hunter  was  relieved  by  Gen.  0.  M.  Mitchell. 

The  regiment  under  Col.  Jackson,  accompanied  an 
expedition,  under  Gen.  Brannan,  up  Broad  river,  with 
the  design  of  burning  certain  bridges  on  the  railroad 
from  Charleston  to  Savannah,  and  participated  in  the 
battle  of  Pocotaligo,  on  the  22d  of  October,  having 
three  men  wounded.  On  this  expedition  Lieut.  Samuel 
M.  Smith,  with  twelve  men  of  his  company  and  eight 
oarsmen  from  a  gunboat,  landed  and  captured  a  rebel 
Lieutenant  and  three  men,  with  their  arms  and  equip 
ments,  and  three  horses.  The  main  object  of  the  expe 
dition  failed,  and  the  regiment  returned  to  camp  at 
Hilton  Head,  on  the  23d.  Yellow  fever  prevailed  to 


196  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

some  extent,  and  on  the  30th  Gen.  Mitchell  fell  a  vic 
tim,  and  was  succeeded  in  command  of  the  Department 
by  Gen.  Brannan,  until  the  return  of  «Gen.  Hunter,  in 
January,  1863. 

On  the  16th  of  February  a  movement  was  commenced 
against  Charleston.  Six  companies  of  the  Third  were 
advanced  on  Pinkney  Island,  and  intrenched  them 
selves.  On  the  3d  of  April,  an  expedition  having  been 
organized,  the  Third  embarked  on  board  steamers.  On 
the  7th  the  navy,  under  Commodore  Dupont,  com 
menced  a  bombardment  of  Fort  Sumter  and  other 
batteries  in  Charleston  harbor,  which  continued  from 
three  until  five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  which  was  all 
of  any  moment  that  was  done  against  Charleston  at  this 
time.  The  Third,  with  other  troops  of  the  expedition 
returned  to  their  old  camp  at  Hilton  Head,  left  on  the 
16th  of  February. 

On  the  3d  of  July,  the  regiment,  with  all  its  baggage, 
embarked  on  board  the  steamer  Boston,  sailed  for  Stono 
Inlet,  landed  on  Folly  Island  before  daylight  the  next 
morning,  and  went  into  camp.  On  the  evening  of  the 
9th,  the  rest  of  the  brigade  having  arrived,  the  Third 
and  other  regiments  embarked  in  small  boats,  intend 
ing  to  surprise  the  enemy's  batteries  and  capture  their 
garrison.  They  rowed  quietly  up  Folly  river,  and  at 
daybreak  next  morning  came  in  sight  of  the  enemy's 
works  on  Morris  Island.  Sunrise  was  the  signal  for  at 
tack  both  by  water  batteries  and  the  land  force.  As  the 
sun  appeared  our  batteries  opened  with  a  tremendous 
crash,  taking  the  enemy  entirely  by  surprise.  The 
shots  from  their  batteries  were  wild  and  uncertain :  and 
they  were  at  a  loss  whether  to  devote  their  attention  to 
the  monitors  on  one  side,  the  flotilla  of  boats  on  the 
other,  or  the  batteries  in  front.  A  detachment  of  the 
Seventh  Connecticut  was  sent  on  shore  to  reconnoiter, 
but  were  driven  back  to  their  boats.  The  battalion  of 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  197 

the  Seventh,  was  then  landed  at  another  point,  supported 
by  four  companies  of  the  Forty-eighth  New  York,  and 
the  Third  New  Hampshire,  and  the  enemy  was  driven 
from  his  rifle  pits  and  his  batteries  at  the  lower  end  of 
the  island,  making  no  stand  till  he  reached  Fort  Wag 
ner,  at  the  other  extreme.  Eleven  siege  guns  and  mor 
tars,  with  two  hundred  prisoners  were  captured.  In 
this  affair  the  Third  behaved  with  great  gallantry.  Its 
loss  was  nine  killed  and  thirty-one  wounded.  Lieut. 
Col.  Bedel  was  struck  while  in  front  of  the  regiment, 
by  a  partially  spent  shell  from  Fort  Wagner,  and  se 
verely  contused  in  the  legs  and  body,  but  insisted  upon 
remaining  in  the  field  until  it  was  decided  that  no 
further  advance  was  to  be  made  that  night,  when,  by 
order  of  Assistant  Surgeon  Kimball,  he  was  carried  to 
Folly  Island  with  the  other  wounded. 

On  the  morning  of  the  llth,  an  attack  was  ordered  on 
Fort  Wagner,  in  which  the  Third  was  part  of  the  re 
serve;  but  the  movement  was  not  made.  From  this 
time  until  the  15th,  the  regiment  held  an  advanced  posi 
tion,  under  a  continuous  shelling  from  Wagner,  Cum- 
mings  Point  and  Sumter.  On  the  12th  one  man  was 
killed  and  two  were  wounded.  On  the  15th  the  Third 
was  relieved.  On  the  16th  Lieut.  Colonel  Bedel,  though 
not  recovered  from  the  wound  received  on  the  10th,  re 
turned  to  duty  with  the  regiment. 

THE  CHARGE  ON  FORT  WAGNER. 

On  the  18th  of  July,  1863,  occurred  the  celebrated 
charge  on  Fort  Wagner.  The  Third  was  at  first  posted 
at  the  headquarters  of  General  Seymour,  the  division 
commander.  Just  at  night,  when  dispositions  were 
made  for  the  assault,  it  was  ordered  to  form  in  rear  of 
the  Sixth  Connecticut,  and  moved  to  the  flank  of  one 
the  batteries,  where  it  lay  down  to  escape  the  fire  of  the 


198  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

enemy.  The  Third  was  on  the  left  of  the  brigade.  In 
the  advance  a  small  creek  was  encountered,  which  at 
that  time  was  flooded  by  the  tide.  At  this  point  Col. 
Jackson  ordered  Lieut.  Col.  Bedel  to  go  ahead  and  see 
if  the  ground  was  practicable.  While  doing  so  the 
enemy  opened  with  artillery  and  small  arms  from  the 
fort  upon  the  advancing  column  with  terrible  effect, 
crowded  as  it  was  on  the  narrow  neck  of  sand  constitu 
ting  the  only  approach.  Many  of  the  Fifty-fourth  were 
cut  down  in  an  instant,  and  the  organization  of  the  regi 
ment  totally  annihilated.  The  Third  took  cover  under 
some  sand  knolls,  and  failed  to  follow  where  the  Lieut. 
Colonel  had  been  ordered  to  go,  and  when  he  turned  to 
communicate  the  fact  that  the  ground  was  passable  it 
was  nowhere  to  be  seen  by  him.  He,  discovering  a 
party  of  the  enemy  which  was  outside  the  fort,  hurrying 
toward  an  entrance  to  the  right  of  it,  mistook  them  for 
a  party  of  his  regiment,  or  at  least  a  portion  of  the  at 
tacking  column,  sought  to  join  them  in  the  anticipated 
capture  of  a  gun  near  the  flag-staff  which  was  particu 
larly  annoying  and  fatal  to  the  column  ;  but  upon  getting 
near  enough  to  distinguish  persons  in  the  dark,  found 
his  supposed  friends  to  be  enemies,  and  in  attempting 
to  flee  from  them  was  driven  into  the  creek,  captured 
and  taken  into  the  fort.  The  regiment  was  ordered  to 
halt  by  Col.  Jackson,  and  failed  to  advance  to  the  fort, 
and  was  finally  withdrawn  under  orders  from  Gen. 
Strong.  The  failure  was  attributable  to  no  soldier  in 
the  regiment.  Every  man  would  have  gallantly  fol 
lowed  any  commander  who  would  have  led  him.  The 
loss  to  the  regiment  was  fifty-five  killed,  wounded  and 
missing.  Among  the  killed  was  Adjutant  Libby,  one 
of  the  most  gallant  officers  of  the  regiment,  who  was 
serving  as  assistant  adjutant  general  on  General  Strong's 
staff.  Col.  Jackson,  Captains  Ayer  and  Jackson,  and 
Lieut.  Button  were  wounded.  • 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  199 

The  army  sat  down  before  Fort  "Wagner,  to  take  it  by 
regular  approaches.  This  required  one-third  of  the 
command  constantly  at  the  front ;  and  while  there  cas 
ualties  were  of  hourly  occurrence.  At  every  tour  of 
duty  the  Third  returned  with  the  number  of  its  effective 
men  reduced ;  yet  it  so  well  sustained  its  reputation  that 
it  was  one  of  the  three  regiments  selected  by  Gen.  Gill- 
more  "  to  be  at  all  hours  in  front  of  the  army."  Col. 
Jackson  was  ordered  to  New  Hampshire  on  the  21st  of 
July,  on  recruiting  service,  and  did  not  return  to  the 
regiment  until  the  20th  of  January,  1864.  Major  Plimp 
ton  was  on  detached  service,  Lieut.  Col.  Bedel  was  a 
prisoner  of  war,  and  Capt.  Randlett,  as  ranking  officer, 
was  in  command  of  the  regiment. 

On  the  6th  of  September  it  was  determined  to  try 
another  charge  on  Fort  Wagner,  and  Gen.  Terry  se 
lected  the  Third  New  Hampshire  to  lead  the  "  forlorn 
hope,"  under  command  of  Capt.  Randlett.  The  follow 
ing  account  of  the  affair  was  published  in  the  Detroit 
Tribune  from  an  army  correspondent,  and  is  vouched 
for  by  Chaplain  Hill,  as  true,  so  far  as  it  goes  : 

"  A  New  Hampshire  regiment  had  been  engaged,  in 
several  successive  battles,  very  bloody  and  very  desperate, 
and  in  each  engagement  had  been  distinguishing  them 
selves  more  and  more;  but  their  success  had  been  very 
dearly  bought  both  in  men  and  officers.  Just  before 
taps,  the  word  came  that  the  fort  they  had  been  invest 
ing  was  to  be  stormed  by  daybreak  the  next  morn 
ing,  and  they  were  invited  to  lead  the  '  forlorn  hope.' 
For  a  time  the  brain  of  the  Colonel  fairly  reeled  with 
anxiety.  The  post  of  honor  was  the  post  of  danger; 
but  in  view  of  all  circumstances,  would  it  be  right,  by 
the  acceptance  of  such  a  proposition,  to  involve  his  al 
ready  decimated  regiment  in  utter  annihilation  ?  He 
called  his  long  and  well-tried  chaplain  into  council  with 


200  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

him,  and  asked  what  was  to  be  done,  and  the  chaplain 
advised  him  to  let  the  men  decide  for  themselves. 

"  At  the  Colonel's  request  he  stated»to  the  regiment 
all  the  circumstances.  Not  one  in  twenty  probably 
would  be  left  alive  after  the  first  charge.  Scarcely  one 
of  the  entire  number  would  escape  death  except  as  they 
were  wounded  or  taken  prisoners.  No  one  would  be 
compelled  to  go  if  he  did  not  go  with  all  his  heart. 
Think  it  ov^er,  men,  calmly  and  deliberately,  and  come 
back  at  twelve  o'clock  and  let  us  known  your  answer. 
True  to  the  appointed  time,  they  all  returned.  '  All  ? ' 
said  I,  <  Yes,  sir,  att,  without  exception!'  and  all  of  them 
ready  for  service  or  for  sacrifice  ?  '  Now ! '  said  the 
chaplain,  '  go  to  your  tents  and  write  your  letters — set 
tle  all  your  worldly  business,  and  whatever  sins  you 
have  upon  your  consciences  unconfessed  and  unfor- 
given,  ask  God  to  forgive  them.  As  usual,  I  will  go 
with  you,  and  the  Lord  do  with  us  as  seemeth  Him 
good.' 

"The  hour  came;  the  assault  was  made;  on  these 
noble  spirits  rushed,  into  '  the  imminent  deadly  breach/ 
right  into. the  jaws  of  death.  But  like  Daniel  when  he 
was  thrown  into  the  lion's  den,  it  pleased  God  that  the 
lion's  mouth  should  be  shut.  Scarcely  an  hour  before, 
the  enemy  had  secretly  evacuated  the  fort,  and  the  for 
lorn  hope  entered  into  full  possession,  without  the  loss 
of  a  single  man." 

After  the  occupation  of  Forts  "Wagner  and  Gregg  by 
our  forces,  the  Third  was  detailed  for  provost  and  post 
duty.  From  the  25th  of  November  to  the  21st  of  De 
cember  two  hundred  and  seventy-eight  recruits  joined 
the  regiment.  Col.  Jackson  resigned  on  surgeon's  cer 
tificate  of  disability,  and  his  resignation  was  accepted 
on  the  24th  of  February,  1864.  Between  the  assault  on 
Fort  Wagner,  July  18th,  1863,  and  the  1st  of  March, 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  201 

1864,  the  loss  in  the  regiment  was  thirtj-two  killed  and 
wounded.  Captains  Ayer  and  Libby,  Jr.,  and  Lieuten 
ants  Houghton  and  Edgerly  were  among  the  wounded. 
Between  January  1st  and  March  2d,  two  hundred  and 
seventy  of  the  men  re-enlisted  as  veterans,  and  left  for 
home  on  thirty  days'  furlough,  under  Capt.  Randlett. 

On  the  1st  of  March  an  order  was  issued  that  the 
regiment  should  be  mounted,  under  the  designation  of 
the  "  Third  New  Hampshire  Mounted  Infantry."  On 
the  7th  of  the  same  month  horses  were  furnished,  the 
two  flank  companies  were  armed  with  Spencer  repeat 
ing  carbines,  and  on  the  1st  of  April  left  for  Jackson 
ville,  Florida,  under  Major  Plimpton.  On  arrival  there 
four  companies,  under  Capt.  Maxwell,  were  ordered  to 
open  communication  with  our  troops  at  Pilatka,  a  small 
town  seventy-five  miles  up  the  St.  Johns  river,  which 
they  accomplished,  and  returned  to  Jacksonville,  and 
found  the  regiment  dismounted.  On  the  6th  of  April, 
Lieut.  Col.  Bedel — who  was  still  a  prisoner  of  war — was 
promoted  to  Colonel,  Major  Plimpton  to  Lieut.  Col 
onel,  and  Capt.  Randlett  to  Major.  While  at  Jackson 
ville,  desertions  to  the  enemy  from  the  recently  arrived 
substitutes  became  quite  frequent,  and  Lieut.  Col. 
Plimpton  secretly  posted  a  line  of  pickets  outside  the 
usual  line,  and  about  midnight  they  seized  one  of  the 
deserters.  The  next  morning  he  was  tried  by  a  drum 
head  court  martial,  and  in  an  hour  he  was  shot.  This 
was  the  last  desertion  in  that  campaign. 

The  Tenth  Corps  was  assigned  to  the  Army  of  the 
James,  and  the  Third  was  ordered  to  report  to  Gen. 
Terry,  at  Gloucester  Point,  where  they  arrived  on  the 
29th  of  April,  and  were  met  there  by  the  Veteran  Vol 
unteers  of  the  regiment,  who  had  just  returned  from 
their  furlough  in  New  Hampshire.  The  Third,  now 
recruited  to  eight  hundred  men,  was  brigaded  with  the 
Seventh  New  Hampshire,  and  Sixth  and  Seventh  Con- 


202  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

necticut,  under  Gen.  Joseph  R.  Hawley,  and  were  as 
signed  to  the  First  Division  under  Gen.  Alfred  II. 
Terry,  and  the  Tenth  Corps,  commanded  by  General 
Gillmore. 

From  this  time  they  were  engaged  in  the  siege  of 
Petersburg,  until  the  9th  of  May,  when  early  on  that 
morning  the  regiment,  under  Lieut.  Col.  Plimpton, 
moved  out  of  camp  to  participate  in  a  general  advance 
on  that  place.  They  moved,  under  orders  from  Gen. 
Terry,  on  to  Brandon  Bridge,  about  two  miles  from 
Petersburg,  and  to  the  extreme  right  of  the  advancing 
forces.  A  detachment  of  cavalry  was  sent  with  the 
regiment  to  act  as  couriers  to  keep  up  communication. 
Lieut.  Col.  Plimpton's  instructions  were  to  hold  the  po 
sition,  and  to  allow  itt)  troops  to  cross  the  bridge;  to 
reconnoiter  the  position  of  the  enemy,  and  learn  the 
condition  of  the  bridge,  and  depth  of  water  in  the  rivet. 
The  regiment  arrived,  about  dark  within  five  hundred 
yards  of  the  bridge,  when  a  halt  was  ordered,  and  a 
line  of  battle  formed.  Capt.  Ela,  with  his  company, 
was  then  detached  as  skirmishers,  and  advanced  to 
within  about  one  hundred  yards  of  the  bridge,  when  he 
met  the  enemy  advancing.  A  fire  was  opened  almost 
simultaneously  on  both  sides,  grape  and  canister  shot 
from  the  opposite  shore  scattering  through  the  woods 
for  several  minutes,  when  the  firing  ceased.  Night 
coming  on  intensely  dark,  it  was  not  deemed  advisable 
to  advance  further,  and  pickets  were  posted  in  all  direc 
tions,  and  a  close  watch  was  kept  in  expectation  of  an 
advance  of  the  enemy.  During  the  night  the  whistling 
of  locomotives  and  rumbling  of  cars  could  be  distinctly 
heard  in  Petersburg,  bringing  troops  from  the  south  to 
the  defense  of  the  city. 

While  reconnoitering  the  next  morning,  the  enemy 
opened  with  grape  and  canister,  firing  but  a  few  rounds, 
however.  The  position  was  held  until  about  one  o'clock, 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  203 

p.  M.,  when  orders  were  received  from  Gen.  Gillmore 
to  retire  as  quickly  and  quietly  as  possible.  The  regj- 
ment  immediately  fell  back  about  two  miles,  reported 
to  Gen.  Terry,  and  rejoined  the  division.  At  this  part 
of  the  line  heavy  fighting  had  been  going  on  during  the 
forenoon.  A  corps  of  the  rebel  army  had  made  an  at 
tempt  to  flank  Gen.  Butler's  line  on  the  right,  and  Gen. 
Terry's  division,  holding  this  part  of  the  line,  had  suf 
fered  considerable  loss.  On  the  arrival  of  the  Third  both 
armies  were  under  a  flag  of  truce,  at  the  request  of  the 
enemy,  to  bury  the  dead.  Late  in  the  afternoon  the 
whole  army  withdrew  from  the  position,  and  returned 
to  camp  at  Bermuda  Hundred.  The  loss  of  the  Third 
in  this  move  was  four  wounded. 

BATTLE  OF  DRURY'S  BLUFF. 

On  the  12th  of  May  Gen.  Butler  commenced  an  ad 
vance  toward  Richmond  with  the  Tenth  and  Eighteenth 
Corps,  and  arrived  at  Drury's  Bluff  on  the  evening  of 
the  13th.  The  next  morning  the  corps  made  a  long 
detour  to  the  left,  crossing  the  railroad  and  moving  on 
to  Chester  Court  House.  An  outpost  of  the  enemy 
captured  here,  gave  information  that  the  rebels  were 
directly  in  front,  strongly  intrenched.  The  Third  was 
selected  to  lead  an  advance,  and  was  ordered  to  move 
to  the  left,  find  the  extreme  right  of  the  rebel  intrench- 
ments,  and  if  possible,  make  a  charge  upon  their  rear. 
The  regiment  advanced  on  the  double  quick,  passing 
the  remainder  of  the  brigade ;  then  making  a  short  turn 
to  the  left  through  the  woods,  soon  found  themselves  in 
an  open  field,  with  indications  of  the  enemy  in  front. 
Passing  an  abandoned  rifle  pit,  they  filed  into  a  belt  of 
woods  and  halted.  Capt.  Maxwell  was  then  ordered 
forward  with  his  company  as  skirmishers,  to  feel  the 
way.  Advancing  down  through  a  ravine  he  crossed  a 


204  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

stream,  the  bridge  over  which  was  destroyed — the  men 
passing  over  on  the  one  remaining  plank,  in  single  file. 
The  regiment  was  ordered  forward,  closely  following 
the  skirmishers.  As  it  afterward  appeared,  they  were 
then  inside  the  rebel  fortifications.  Advancing  left  in 
front,  the  left  wing  of  the  regiment  had  crossed  the 
stream,  and  filed  to  the  left,  preparatory  to  forming  a 
line  of  battle,  when  several  shots  were  fired ;  then  a  vol 
ley  came  crashing  through  the  woods,  and  a  line  of 
rebels  was  seen  through  the  trees  advancing  down  upon 
them.  Too  late  to  re-form,  the  lieutenant  colonel  or 
dered  in  a  loud,  ringing  voice,  "  Forward,  Third  New 
Hampshire,  CHARGE  ! "  The  left  wing  had  faced  to  the 
right,  and  charged  forward  with  a  well  known  yell. 
The  right  wing  moved  on  as  fast  as  possible  over  the 
stream,  in  great  confusion,  many  of  the  men  throwing 
themselves  into  the  muddy  water  waist  deep  and  wad 
ing  over.  The  Third  New  Hampshire  charged,  and 
though  all  organization  was  lost,  and  the  dead  and  the 
wounded  were  falling  on  every  side,  they  moved  on  up 
the  slope  unflinchingly.  Volley  after  volley  was  poured 
in  on  either  side,  till  it  was  one  continued  roll  of  mus 
ketry.  The  rebel  line  was  broken  and  gave  way, 
forced  back  into  and  outside  their  own  works.  Just  at 
this  juncture  the  First  Brigade  of  Gen.  Terry's  division 
charged  the  enemy  in  front,  and  the  victory  was  complete 
— forcing  the  enemy  from  their  line  of  works  on  to  Fort 
Darling — thus  securing  to  our  forces  the  whole  of  the 
first  line  of  the  outer  defenses  of  Richmond.  For  this 
victory  the  Third  New  Hampshire  paid  dearly,  and  when 
it  was  proved  by  subsequent  events  to  be  a  useless  vic- 
'tory,  it  was  indeed  found  a  bloody  and  terrible  sacrifice. 
The  fighting  lasted  but  twenty  minutes;  but  in  those 
twenty  minutes  more  than  two  hundred  of  New  Hamp 
shire's  bravest  and  best  fell  dead  or  wounded.  Among 
the  foremost  fell  the  gallant  Capt.  Richard  Ela,  while  in 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  205 

advance  of  his  men,  leading  them  in  the  charge.  He 
was  shpt  through  the  brain,  and  expired  almost  instantly. 
Among  the  wounded  were  Major  liandlett,  Adjutant 
E.  J.  Copp,  and  Lieut.  Hazen. 

The  enemy  kept  up  a  continual  and  harassing  fire, 
and  during  the  15th  and  16th  about  twenty-five  men 
were  killed  or  wounded.  Early  on  the  morning  of  the 
16th  the  army  was  advanced  to  the  extreme  front,  and 
the  Third,  with  the  rest,  were  ordered  to  prepare  for  a 
charge  upon  the  enemy's  lines.  Soon  heavy  firing  com 
menced  on  the  right.  The  enemy,  in  a  dense  fog,  had 
made  a  flank  movement  to  the  left,  and  attacked  the 
Eighteenth  Corps  in  the  rear.  The  Third,  with  a  part 
of  the  Tenth  Corps,  were  ordered  to  the  assistance  of 
the  Eighteenth,  when  the  firing  extended  along  the  line, 
and  the  attack  became  general.  Instead  of  a  charge,  a 
retreat  was  ordered,  and  the  whole  line  commenced  fall 
ing  back.  As  this  movement  commenced  the  enemy 
came  in  on  the  left  and  rear.  Gen.  Terry  rode  up  and 
called  for  the  Third  .N"ew  Hampshire,  and  said  to  Lieut. 
Col.  Plimpton — "  I  want  the  Third  IsTew  Hampshire  to 
charge  the  enemy  advancing  on  the  left."  The  charge 
was  made  and  the  enemy  were  routed  and  forced  back 
to  their  intrenchments.  The  retreat  was  continued,  and 
at  night  the  Army  of  the  James  were  in  their  intrench 
ments  at  Bermuda  Hundred.  The  Third  suffered  con 
siderable  loss  in  the  retreat.  Capt.  Ayer,  a  brave  and 
valuable  officer,  was  mortally  wounded  on  the  morning 
of  the  16th,  when  Lieut.  Button  took  command  of  the 
company,  and  soon  received  a  death  wound. 

The  Union  army  fell  back  several  miles,  and  built  a 
line  of  works  ey+encling  across  the  peninsula  from  the 
Appomattox  to  the  James.  The  Third  Regiment  was 
encamped  in  the  rear  of  a  battery,  where  it  was  con 
stantly  exposed  to  fire  from  the  rebel  artillery,  and  lived 
mainly  in  bomb-proof. 


206  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

On  the  2d  of  June  the  rebels  charged  a  portion  of  the 
line  held  by  the  Seventh  Connecticut,  and  drove-  them 
back  on  their  reserves.  The  Third  New  Hampshire  was 
ordered  to  retake  the  lost  ground,  which  was  speedily 
accomplished  by  a  gallant  charge  of  four  companies, 
commanded  by  Capt.  Maxwell.  They  captured  one 
hundred  and  fifty  prisoners,  and  lost  eight  men  killed 
and  wounded. 

On  the  15th  Gen.  Grant's  army  crossed  the  James 
river,  and,  joining  Gen.  Butler's  left,  advanced  on 
Petersburg.  To  meet  this  advance,  Beauregard  with 
drew  from  Butler's  front,  and  on  the  16th  a  reconnois- 
sance  was  made  by  the  latter's  whole  force.  Having 
nearly  reached  the  Petersburg  and  Richmond  turnpike, 
they  met  Picket's  Division  of  Lee's  army,  hastening  to 
the  assistance  of  Beauregard,  and  backed  by  the  whole 
army  of  Northern  Virginia.  Capt.  Maxwell,  with  two 
companies  deployed  as  skirmishers,  advanced  toward 
the  turnpike.  Having  repulsed  three  advances  of  the 
enemy,  our  forces  were  ordered  to  retire,  and  finally 
reached  their  old  line.  During  the  fight  the  Third  lost 
about  forty  in  killed  and  wounded.  Lieut.  Tredick  was 
mortally  wounded,  and  died  on  the  6th  of  July.  Cap 
tains  Maxwell  and  Libby,  and  Lieut.  McCoy  were  sev 
erally  wounded.  From  the  13th  of  May  to  the  19th  of 
June  inclusive,  out  of  eight  hundred  and  eighty-one, 
which  left  Gloucester  Point,  the  regiment  lost  in  killed, 
wounded  and  missing,  two  hundred  and  eighty-nine 
men. 

In  July  the  regiment  exchanged  their  Enfield  for 
Spencer  rifles,  a  very  effective  breach-loader  and  seven- 
shooter.  Thus  armed  the  troops  were  almost  invinci 
ble.  On  the  13 th  of  August  the  Tenth  Corps  moved 
across  the  James  river,  to  co-operate  with  the  Second 
Corps  in  an  advance  on  Richmond.  It  marched  to  Deep 
Bottom,  thence  through  works  occupied  bv  our  troops 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  207 

under  Gen.  Foster,  to  the  extreme  front,  where  a  line 
of  battle  was  formed,  the  Third  on  the  left  of  the  brig 
ade.  The  pickets  of  the  enemy  were  forced  back,  and 
the  brigade  advanced  to  an  open  field,  fronting  a  line  of 
rebel  earthworks,  and  here  formed  double  column  in 
mass,  to  support  a  light  battery,  the  Third  having  posi 
tion  on  the  right  of  the  Seventh  Connecticut.  This  po 
sition  was  held,  under  fire,  from  early  on  the  morning 
of  the  14th  until  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  when  the 
brigade  moved  to  the  right  about  one  hundred  yards, 
and  formed  a  line  of  battle.  Lieut.  Col.  Plimpton  was 
ordered  by  Gen.  Terry  to  hold  the  Third  Regiment  in 
readiness  to  charge  upon  an  advancing  line  of  the 
enemy.  This  position  was  held  until  ten  o'clock  in  the 
evening,  when  the  army  commenced  a  flank  movement 
to  the  right,  in  the  direction  of  Malvern  Hill,  and  biv- 
ouaced  for  the  night  near  New  Market  road  from  Deep 
Bottom.  The  next  day,  the  15th,  an  attack  was  made 
upon  the  enemy's  lines,  the  Third,  with  its  brigade  be 
ing  held  in  reserve,  where  it  was  for  three  hours  exposed 
to  the  fire  of  shot,  shell  and  canister  from  the  rebel  bat 
teries  posted  in  a  belt  of  woods. 

Early  on  the  morning  of  the  16th  the  right  wing  of 
the  regiment  was  advanced  as  skirmishers  through  an 
open  field  to  the  edge  of  a  swamp,  across  which  the 
enemy  were  strongly  intrenched.  Sharp  skirmishing 
ensued,  but  with  no  decisive  results,  till  about  noon, 
when  it  was  determined  to  storm  the  enemy's  position. 
At  the  order,  the  Third  with  its  brigade,  charged  on  the 
line  of  the  rebel  works,  which  they  carried,  taking  a 
large  number  of  prisoners.  From  here  another  charge 
was  made  through  an  open  field,  and  under  a  terrific 
fire  from  the  enemy.  This  charge  was  repulsed,  when 
three  counter-charges  were  made  by  the  rebels  in  the 
attempt  to  retake  the  first  line,  which  were  repulsed  by 
the  Union  troops.  The  Third  was  afterward  ordered  to 


208  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

retire.  The  loss  of  the  regiment  in  this  engagement 
was  very  severe.  Ten  officers  and  eighty-three  men 
were  killed,  wounded  or  missing.  Lieut.  Col.  Plimpton 
was  shot  through  the  heart  while  leading  the  last  charge. 
Lieut.  S.  N.  Lamprey  was  mortally  wounded  and  died 
in  a  few  hours.  Lieut.  C.  A.  White  was  wounded  and 
left  on  the  field,  but  afterward  returned  to  join  in  the 
fight,  and  had  hardly  reached  the  regiment  when  a  bul 
let  struck  his  arm,  passed  through  his  lungs  and  out 
at  the  left  side — a  distance  of  fifteen  inches — notwith 
standing  which  he  eventually  recovered.  Capt.  Wadlia 
and  Adjutant  Copp  were  severely  wounded.  Lieuten 
ants  Eldridge,  Ackerman,  Donley,  Giddings  and  Ather- 
ton  were  more  or  less  severely  wounded.  Lieut.  Atherton 
was  shot  through  the  lungs,  left  on  the  field  and  reported 
killed,  but  was  taken  prisoner  of  war,  soon  after  paroled, 
exchanged  and  rejoined  his  regiment.  The  behavior  of 
the  regiment  in  this  engagement  was  highly  commended 
on  all  hands,  and  its  record  never  stood  better  than  at 
the  close  of  this  bloody  battle.  Seven  days  more,  and 
the  term  of  enlistment  of  many  of  the  men  would  have 
expired,  yet  they  went  in  as  cheerfully  and  fought  as 
bravely  as  though  they  had  a  reputation  to  make  for 
themselves  which  would  follow  them  through  a  long 
campaign.  Entering  the  fight  with  less  than  two 
hundred  men,  it  captured  and  took  to  the  rear  about 
three  hundred  prisoners,  and  sustained  a  loss  of  nearly 
one-half  its  entire  strength. 

On  the  20th  of  August  the  regiment  returned  to  Ber 
muda  Hundred.  The  term  of  service  of  such  of  the 
original  members  as  had  not  re-enlisted  expired  on  the 
23d,  and  they  were  promptly  mustered  out  and  started 
on  their  way  home,  under  command  of  Capt.  R.  "W. 
Houghton,  and  accompanied  by  Chaplain  Hill,  both  well 
beloved  and  honored  officers,  bearing  with  them,  tat 
tered,  torn  and  pierced  by  many  rebel  balls,  the  beloved 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  209 

colors  presented  them  by  the  ladies  of  Hampstead,  with 
out  a  stain  of  dishonor  upon  it. 

On  the  24th  of  August  the  Tenth  Corps  crossed  the 
Appomattox,  and  went  on  duty  in  the  trenches  in  front 
of  Petersburg.  The  duty  was  severe  and  casualties  of 
daily  occurrence.  It  remained  here  until  the  28th  of 
September,  when  it  crossed  the  James  river,  and  the 
next  day  the  Third  participated  in  the  advance  on  Lau 
rel  Hill  and  Chapin's  Farm ;  and  the  same  afternoon 
took  part  in  the  reconnoissance  to  within  two  miles  of 
Richmond,  and  in  a  similar  movement  on  the  1st  of 
October.  Major  Randlett,  who  had  been  absent  on  leave 
and  on  detached  service,  since  he  was  wounded,  joined 
the  regiment  the  last  of  September. 

On  the  7th  of  October  the  enemy  made  a  vigorous  at 
tack  on  our  lines,  which  the  Third  successfully  repelled 
until  their  ammunition  was  exhaused,  captured  thirty 
prisoners  and  lost  twenty-five  killed  and  wounded.  On 
the  13th,  at  Darbytown  Road,  a  charge  was  ordered  to 
be  made  by  another  brigade,  and  the  Third  was  sent 
to  support  it.  The  brigade  broke  and  fled,  leaving  the 
regiment  alone,  where  it  retained  its  position  until  or 
dered  to  leave  the  field,  and  was  withdrawn  in  good  or 
der,  not  a  man  falling  from  the  ranks.  On  the  28th  and 
29th  another  attempt  was  made  to  dislodge  the  enemy 
from  Darbytown  and  Charles  City  Roads,  in  which  the 
Third  participated,  losing  seventeen  killed  and  wounded. 
Captain  Trickey  and  Lieut.  McCoy  were  among  the 
wounded. 

On  the  2d  of  ISTovember  the  Third,  with  other  regi 
ments,  embarked  on  steamers  for  New  York  City  to  pre 
serve  order  at  the  Presidential  election  there.  When 
the  election  was  over  the}7  returned  to  Bermuda 
Hundred,  having  been  absent  from  the  army  seventeen 
days.  On  this  expedition  the  men  suffered  severely 
from  cold  and  hunger — the  only  food  received  being 


210  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

short  rations  of  pork  and  hard  bread.  Major  Randlett 
was  promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  on  the  lith  of  October, 
and  Capt.  Trickey  to  Major  on  the  4th  of  January,  1865. 

On  the  15th  of  January,  1865,  the  Third  Regiment 
participated  in  the  successful  night  assault  upon  Fort 
Fisher.  The  garrison  flag  was  hauled  down  by  Capt. 
Edgerly,  of  the  Third,  and  given  to  Gen.  Terry,  and  by 
him  to  the  Secretary  of  War.  Shortly  afterward  a 
movement  was  made  upon  a  rebel  force  three  miles  to 
the  rear  of  Fort  Fisher,  in  which  the  Third  made  a 
charge  and  captured  about  sixty  prisoners.  In  these 
two  battles  the  regiment  lost  four  killed  and  ten 
wounded.  Major  Trickey  commanded  the  regiment 
from  the  20th  of  December,  1864,  to  the  17th  of  Feb 
ruary,  1865,  Lieut.  Col.  R-andlett  having  been  left  at 
Laurel  Hill  with  a  portion  of  the  regiment,  but  joined 
the  main  body  at  the  latter  date. 

On  the  19th  of  February  a  movement  was  commenced 
on  "Wilmington.  On  the  22d,  with  the  Third  deployed 
as  skirmishers,  the  army  entered  Wilmington,  which 
had  been  abandoned  by  the  enemy,  and,  having  passed 
through  the  city,  the  Third  kept  up  a  running  fight; 
drove  the  enemy  across  Smith's  Creek;  saved  the 
bridge  which  the  rebels  had  fired,  and  captured  a  pon 
toon  bridge  at  North  East  Ferry,  ten  miles  from  Wil 
mington.  Lieut.  Col.  Randlett  was  appointed  provost 
marshal  of  Wilmington,  and  nearly  half  of  the  regiment 
was  detailed  as  provost  guard.  The  remainder  were 
commanded  by  Major  Trickey,  until  the  return  of  Col. 
Bedel,  April  llth,  after  his  seventeen  months  of  severe 
imprisonment.  He  was  received  by  the  men  with  many 
demonstrations  of  joy  and  respect. 

While  at  Wilmington  Surgeon  A.  J.  H.  Buzzell  died 
of  disease,  March  28th  1865.  A  writer  said  of  him — 
"  A  nobler  man  never  lived ;  a  Christian  and  a  patriot, 
devoted  thoroughly  to  his  duties,  and  ambitious  to  serve 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  211 

the  best  interests  of  the  cause.  In  his  death  the  coun 
try  lost  a  true  man  and  soldier,  the  regiment  a  noble 
benefactor.  God  bless  his  memory,  will  be  the  prayer 
of  every  soldier  of  the  Third  New  Hampshire." 

In  May  a  new  stand  of  national  colors  was  received 
from  the  State,  on  which  was  inscribed  the  names  of 
the  battles  in  which  the  regiment  had  been  engaged. 
This  was  prized  as  an  evidence  of  the  gallantry,  valor, 
and  hard  service  of  the  regiment;  but  the  love  of  the 
old  flags,  which  had  been  proudly  borne  in  the  numer 
ous  battle  fields,  was  still  as  strong  as  ever  in  the  heart 
of  every  soldier  who  had  followed  and  fought  under 
their  tattered  and  riddled  folds. 

On  the  3d  of  June  Col.  Bedel  was  ordered  to  proceed 
with  the  regiment,  and  occupy  the  post  of  Golds- 
borough,  North  Carolina.  On  the  10th  and  llth  the 
Sixth  and  Seventh  Connecticut,  and  the  Seventh  New 
Hampshire  Regiments  arrived  at  the  Post  and  reported 
to  Col.  Bedel,  and  he  remained  in  command  of  the  Post 
till  the  return  of  Brevet  Brig.  Gen.  Abbott  from  New 
Hampshire,  on  the  5th  of  July. 

On  the  20th  of  July,  1865,  the  regiment  was  mustered 
out  of  the  service  of  the  United  States,  and  ordered  to 
New  Hampshire  for  final  discharge  and  payment.  It 
arrived  at  Concord  on  the  28th,  with  twenty-six  officers 
and  three  hundred  and  twenty-four  men.  Gov.  Fred 
erick  Smyth,  Adjutant  General  Natt  Head,  Col.  Peter 
Sanborn,  State  Treasurer,  and  Gen.  M.  T.  Donohoe, 
addressed  the  regiment  in  thrilling  speeches,  congratu 
lating  the  survivors  .on  their  safe  return,  and  paying  a 
just  tribute  to  the  memory  of  the  many  gallant  officers 
and  men  who  had  sacrificed  their  lives  in  their  country's 
cause.  Col.  Bedel — appointed  Brig.  Gen.  U.  S.  Volun 
teers  by  brevet,  July  22d,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
service,  to  rank  as  such  from  March  13,  1865  " — and 
Lieut.  Col.  Randlett  responded  for  the  regiment.  The 


212  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Hags  were  then  returned  to  the  Governor,  and  the  regi 
ment,  after  having  partaken  of  a  bountiful  repast,  gen 
erously  supplied,  marched  to  the  camp  ground  south  of 
the  city,  where  the  enlisted  men  were  discharged  and 
paid  off  on  the  2d  of  August,  and  the  officers  on  the  3d 
and  4th,  and  the  Third  New  Hampshire  Regiment  of 
Volunteers,  equally  distinguished  for  its  orderly  and 
(soldierly  conduct  in  its  final  discharged,  as  for  gallantry 
and  valor  in  its  many  hard  fought  battles,  ceased  to  ex 
ist  except  in  the  pages  of  history. 

During  the  four  years'  service  on  the  Atlantic  coast 
in  the  States  of  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Florida,  Vir 
ginia  and  North  Carolina,  the  Third  Regiment  was  en 
gaged  in  the  following  sieges,  battles,  reconnoissances, 
skirmishes,  &c. : 

1.  Port  Royal  Harbor,  S.  C.  November  7,  1861. 

2.  Elba  Island,  Ga.  March  7,  1862. 

3.  Bluffton,  S.  C.  March  16,  1862. 

4.  Jehossee,  S.  C.  April  10,  14  and  17,  1862. 

5.  James  Island,  S.  C.  June  8,  1862. 

6.  Secessionville,  S.  C.  June  16,  1862. 

7.  Pocotaligo,  S.  C.  October  22,  1862. 

8.  May  River,  Fla.  January  7,  1863. 

9.  Stono  Inlet,  S.  C.  April  7,  1863. 

10.  Morris  Island,  S.  C.  July  10,  1863. 

11.  Fort  Wagner,  S.  C.  July  18,  1863. 

12.  Siege  of  Wagner,  S.  C.        July  18  to  Sept.  7,  1863. 

13.  Siege  of  Sumter,  S.  C.  Sept.  7, 1863,  to  March  1,1864. 

14.  Pilatka,  Fla.  April  3,  1864. 

15.  Chester  Station,  Va.  May  9,  1864. 

16.  Drury's  Bluff,  Va.  May  13  to  16,  1864. 

17.  Bermunda  Hundred,  Va.  May  18,  1864. 

18.  Wier  Bottom  Church,  Va.  June  2,  1864. 

19.  Petersburg,  Va.  June  9,  1864. 

20.  Hatcher's ^Run,  Va.  June  16,  1864. 


THIRD  REGIMENT.  213 

21.  FlusselPs  Mills,  Va.  August  16,  1864. 

22.  Siege  of  Petersburg,  Ya.  Aug.  24,  to  Sept.  29,  1864. 

23.  New  Market  Heights,  Va.  September  29,  1864. 

24.  Demon'tion  towards  R'd.  Sept.  29,  and  Oct.  1,  1864. 

25.  New  Market  Road,  Va,  October  7,  1864. 

26.  Darbytown  Road,  Va.  October  13,  1864. 

27.  Charles  City  Road,  Va.  October  27,  1864. 

28.  Fort  Fisher,  N.  C.  January  15,  1865. 

29.  Sugar  Loaf  Hill,  N.  C.  February  11,  1865. 

30.  Wilmington,  Smith's  Creek,  and  North 

East  Ferry.  February  22,  1865. 

During  its  term  of  service  the  regiment  had  on  its 
rolls  1717  enlisted  men,  including  44  non-commissioned 
staff  and  band,  and  101  officers,  making  an  aggregate 
of  1818.  Of  these  190  were  killed  in  battle  or  died  of 
wounds;  137  died  of  disease;  196 — nearly  all  substi 
tutes — deserted ;  740  discharged — 300  by  expiration  of 
term  and  440  by  reason  of  disability,  &c.;  52  trans 
ferred;  6  rejected;  2  dismissed;  3  shot  for  desertion; 
6  missing  in  action,  and  not  known  whether  killed,  pris 
oners,  or  deserters.  Two  hundred  and  seventy  of  the 
regiment  re-enlisted  in  January  and  February,  1864, 
and  are  taken  into  account  but  once  in  the  aggregate 
of  1818.  The  casualties  in  wounded  and  prisoners  were 
487  wounded  and  91  prisoners.  Nearly  all  the  prisoners 
taken  subsequent  to  the  surprise  and  capture  of  Com 
pany  H,  on  Pinkney  Island,  August  21,  1862,  lan 
guished  and  died  of  starvation  in  southern  prisons. 

An  officer  of  the  regiment  wrote — "  To  the  excellent 
corps  of  Surgeons  and  Assistant  Surgeons  attached  to 
the  regiment,  from  its  organization  to  its  disbandrnent, 
may  be  attributed  the  small  number  of  deaths  in  the 
regiment.  Their  moral  and  temperate  habits,  their  in 
tegrity  as  gentlemen,  their  skill  as  Surgeons,  and  faith 
ful  and  prompt  attention  to  duty,  rendered  them 


214  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

conspicuous.  This  was  particularly  the  case  with  Sur 
geons  Buzzell  and  Kimball,  than  whom  gio  better  Sur 
geons  belonged  to  the  army." 

The  roll  of  honor  comprises  officers  killed  in  battle 
and  died  of  wounds,  as  follows :  Lieut.  Col.  PLIMPTON  ; 
Captains  CARLTON,  ELA  and  AYER;  Adjutant  LIBBY; 
First  Lieutenants  BUTTON  and  LAMPREY;  Second  Lieu 
tenants  SCRUTON,  "WlGGIN,  ROBINSON,  TREDICK  and  MOR- 

RILL.  Died  of  disease — Surgeon  BUZZELL,  First  Lieu 
tenant  THOMPSON,  and  Second  Lieutenant  BRYANT. 


FO URTH  REGIMENT.  215 

FOURTH  REGIMENT. 


The  Fourth  Regiment  rendezvoused  at  Manchester. 
After  the  organization  of  the  Third  there  were  two  hun 
dred  men  left  in  camp  at  Concord,  who  were  sent  to 
Manchester  as  the  nucleus  of  the  Fourth  Regiment. 
The  full  number  of  men  required  was  speedily  enlisted, 
sent  to  rendezvous,  and  the  regiment  was  mustered  into 
the  United  States  service  on  the  18th  of  September, 
1861.  Company  A  was  enlisted  at  Dover,  Company  B 
at  Nashua,  Company  D  at  Laconia,  Company  F  at 
Great  Falls,  Company  H  at  Salem,  and  Companies  C, 
E,  G,  I  and  K  at  Manchester,  though  many  of  the  men 
were  from  other  towns  in  the  State  than  those  named. 
The  following  were  the  field,  staff  and  company  officers, 
with  their  record,  from  the  organization  to  the  mus 
ter  out  of  the  regiment: 

FIELD  AND   STAFF   OFFICERS. 

COLONELS — Thomas  J.  "WTripple,  of  Laconia. 

Resigned  March  18,  1862. 

Louis  Bell,  of  Farmington. 

Killed  at  Fort  Fisher,  N.  C.,  Jan.  15,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonels — Louis  Bell,  of  Farmington. 

Promoted  to  Colonel,  May  16,  1862. 

Gilman  E.  Sleeper,  of  Salem. 

Discharged  Nov.  27,  1863. 

Jeremiah  D.  Drew,  of  Salem. 

Discharged  for  disability  Sept.  17,  1864. 

Frank  "W.  Parker,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1865. 

Majors — Jeremiah  D.  Drew,  of  Salem. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel,  Dec.  1,  1863. 


216  THE  G R F.A  T  R  r-.BEL LION. 

Charles  W.  Sawyer,  of  Dover. 

Woundel  May  16,  1864.     Died  of  wounds  June  22,  1864 

George  F.  Towle,  of  Portsmouth.* 

Mustered  out  August  23,  1865. 

Adjutants — Henry  W.  Fuller,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  October  29,  1862. 
Charles  A.  Carlton,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  A.  A.  Gen.  Vols.  July  18,  1864. 

Timothy  W.  Challis,  of  Laconia. 

Mustered  out  August  23,  1865. 

Quartermasters — John  L.  Kelley,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  A.  Q.  M  ,  U.  S.  Vols.  July  30,  1863. 

Albert  K.  Tilton,  of  Concord. 

Mu-tered  out  May  15,  1865. 

Surgeons — Josiah  C.  Eastman,  of  Ilampstead. 

Resigned  October  7,  1862. 

George  P.  Greely,  of  Nashua. 

Honorably  discharged  October  23,  1864. 

David  P.  Dearborn,  of  Weare. 

Mustered  out  August  23,  1865. 

First  Ass't  Surgeons — George  P.  Greeley,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  October  8,  1862. 

David  L.  M.  Comings,  of  Swanzev. 

Died  of  disease  at  Swanzey,  August  1,  1868. 

Charlea  C.  Beckley,  of  Plainiield. 

Honorably  discharged  March  26,  1864. 

David  P.  Dearborn,  of  Wcarc. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  Nov.  9,  1864. 

Second  Ass't  Surgeon — D.  L.  M.  Comings,  of  Swanzey. 

Promoted  to  First  Ass't  Surgeon,  Oct.  8,  1862. 

David  P.  Dearborn,  of  Weare. 

Promoted  to  First  Ass't  Surgeon,  May  2,  1864. 

James  P.  Walker. 

Discharged  for  disability,  Nov.  2,  1864. 

Henry  F.  Ward  well,  of  Gorhain. 

Mustered  out  August  23,  1865. 

Chaplains— Martin  W.  Willis,  of  Nashua. 

Discharged  for  disability  Jan.  27,  1862. 

Liberty  Billings,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  U.  S.  C.  T.  Nov.  4,  1862. 

"William  II.  Thomas,  of  Laconia. 

Honorably  discharged  June  28,  1864. 

Sergeant  Majors — Charles  L.  Brown,  of  Manchester. 

Vomoted  to  Second  Lieut.  March  22,  1862. 


FO  URTH  REGIMENT.  217 

William  B.  Stearns,  of  Amherst. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  March  14, 1863. 

William  Smith. 

Re-enlisted  Feb.  15,  1864.     Captured  at  Deep  Run,  Va.,  Aug.  16,  1864. 
Paroled  Feb.  24,  1865.     Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Charles  H.  Smithford,  of  Salem. 

Mustered  out  August  23,  1865. 

Quartermaster  Sergeants — Charles  J.  Kelley. 

Discharged  for  disability  Dec.  1,  1862, 

Volney  Piper,  of  Richmond. 

Discharged  for  disability  May  9,  1863. 

William  K.  Norton,  of  Concord. 

Re-enlisted  Feb.  20,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  21,  1864. 

Charles  H.  Moore,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  17,  1865. 

Edward  P.  Hall,  of  Groton. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1865. 

Commissary  Sergeants — Albert  K.  Tilton,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Aug.  15,  1862. 

John  C.  Dickerman. 

Died  at  Folly  Island,  S.  C.  Aug.  1,  1863. 

Benjamin  F.  Fogg,  of  Manchester. 

Re-enlisted  Feb.  18,  1864.     Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  March  1,  1865. 

Lewis  H.  Cheney,  of  Canterbury. 

Mustered  out  August  23,  1865 

Hospital  Stewards — Israel  T.  Hunt. 

Discharged  for  disability  July  12,  1862* 

William  H.  Piper,  of  Concord. 

Wounded  Jan.  16,  1865.     Mustered  out  August  23,  1865. 

Principal  Musicians — Francis  H.  Pike,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  16,  1862. 

Henry  J.  White. 

Discharged  for  disability  July  12,  1862. 

Elias  H.  Bryant,  of  Francestown. 

Mustered  out  October  10,  1864 

Jacob  E.  W.  Aspinwall,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  August  23,  1865. 

Albert  T.  Kent,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  August  23,  1865 
COMPANY    OFFICERS. 

Co.  A. — Captains — Charles  W.  Sawyer,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Major  Dec.  1,  1863. 


218  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

Isaac  W.  Hobbs,  of  Great  Falls. 

Wounded  July  18,  1864.     Mustered  out  Nov.  7,  1864. 

Matthew  Adams,  of  New  London. 

Mustered  out  August  23,  1865. 
First  Lieuts. — Joseph  G.  Wallace,  of  Dover. 

irromoted  to  Captain  May  17,  1862. 

Henry  W.  Locke,  of  Rochester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  C.  S.  U.  S.  Vols.  June  25,  1864. 

Timothy  W.  Challis,  of  Laconia. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  Nov.  9,  1864. 

Louis  McD.  Hussy,  of  Rochester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  17,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Henry  W.  Locke,  of  Rochester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  17,  1862. 

Amos  L.  Colburn,  of  Concord. 

Transferred  to  Co.  G  Nov.  5,  1862. 

Albert  H.  C.  Jewett,  of  Gilford. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  14,  1864. 

Henry  S.  Willey,  of  Farmin.ffton. 

Discharged  for  disability  Dec.  14,  1864. 

Stephen  T.  Hall,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  23,  1865. 

Co.  B. — Captains — Richard  0.  Greenleaf,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864. 

Frederick  A.  Kendall,  of  Concord. 

Honorably  discharged  Aug.  17,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — George  F.  Towle,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  17,  1862. 

Charles  A.  Carlton,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  Nov.  2,  1862. 

Frederick  A.  Kendall,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Sept.  12,  1864. 

Benjamin  R.  Wheeler,  of  Salem. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov   9,  1864. 

Leonard  A.  Gay,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Aug.  23,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Charles  A.  Carlton,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  17,  1862. 

Adelbert  White,  of  Nashua. 

Cashiered  Nov.  30,  1862. 

John  W.  Brewster,  of  Portsmouth. 

Wounded  Maj  20,  1864.     Discharged  for  disability  Sept.  14,  1864. 

Co.  C. — Captains-  -Oilman  E.  Sleeper,  of  Salem. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  May  16,  1862. 


FOURTH  REGIMENT.  219 

Joseph  G.  Wallace,  of  Dover. 

Wounded  severely  Oct.  22,  1862.      Wounded  May  15,  1864.     Discharged 
for  disability  Sept.  14,  1864. 

George  W.  Huckins,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Co.  K. 

Louis  McD.  Hussy,  of  Rochester. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — M.  Y.  B.  Richardson,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864. 

William  K.  Norton,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Fred.  A.  Kendall,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  15,  1862. 

Albert  K  Tilton,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Quartermaster,  Aug.  1,  1863. 

William  D.  Stearns,  of  Amherst. 

Wounded  May  20,  1864.     Discharged  for  disability  Sept.  14,  1864. 

Patrick  K.  Dowd,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  2,  1865. 

Co.  D. — Captains — William  Badger,  of  Laconia. 

Cashiered  June  4,  1864.     Disability  resulting  from  dismissal  removed  Jan. 
21,  1865,  by  G.  C.  M.,  orders  No.  20. 

John  H.  Roberts,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Chas.  O.  Jennison,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  April  30,  1862. 

David  0.  Burleigh,  of  Laconia. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  7,  1862. 

John  H.  Roberts,  of  Dover.     v 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  9,  1864. 

George  W.  Quimby,  of  Kingston. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  17,  1865 

Samuel  II.  Prescott,  of  Gilford. 

Mustered  out  August  23,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — David  0.  Burleigh,  of  Laconia. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  1,  1862. 

John  H.  Roberts,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  7,  1862. 

Timothy  W.  Challis,  of  Laconia. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  27,  1864. 

Henry  A.  Mann,  of  Pembroke. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  2,  1865. 

Co.  E. — Captains — Thompson  L.  Newell,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Dec.  16,  1862. 


220  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Frank  "W.  Parker,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  Aug.  16,  1864.     Promoted  to  Lieut.  ^Colonel  Jan.  3,  1865 

William  S.  Barker,  of  Londonderry. 

Discharged  by  special  order  No.  291,  War  Department,  Adjt.  Gen.'s  office, 
Washington,  D.  C.,  May  30,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Frank  W.  Parker,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  17,  1862. 

Andrew  J.  Edgerly,  of  Manchester. 

Dismissed  by  special  order  No.  119,  par.  34,  War  Department,  Adjutant 
General's  office,  Washington,  March  13,  1863. 

Albert  H.  C.  Jewett,  of  Gilford. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  26,  1864. 

Charles  M.  Whitney,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Aug.  23,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — A.  J.  Edgerly,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  January  17,  1862. 

Harvey  F.  Wiggin,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  25,  1862. 

Robert  A.  Seaver,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Jan.  24,  1863. 

Frank  B.  Hutchinson,  of  Manchester. 

Killed  at  Drury's  Bluff,  Va.,  May  15,  1864. 

Co.  F.— Captains— Orrin  Brown,  of  Great  Falls. 

Cashiered  Jan.  24,  1862. 

George  F.  Towle,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Major  Jan.  3,  1865. 

Clarence  L.  Chapman,  of  Somersworth.. 

Honorably  discharged  May  17,  1865. 

Eleazer  L.  Sarsons,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1865 

First  Lieuts.— Isaac  W.  Hobbs,  of  Great  Falls. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  1,  1863. 

Amos  L.  Colburn,  of  Concord. 

Wounded  Aug.  16,  1864.     Discharged  on  account  of  wounds  Nov.  1,  1864. 

Clarence  L.  Chapman,  of  Somersworth. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  17,  1865. 

Charles  H.  Moore,  of  Nashua. 

Honorably  discharged  May  15,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Charles  II.  Drummer,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  March  31,  1862. 

Charles  L.  Brown,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Co.  I  March  22,  1862. 

Benjamin  R.  Wheeler,  of  Salem. 

Wounded  May  16,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  12,  1864. 


FO  UR  TH  REGIMENT.  221 

Benjamin  F.  Fogg,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  2,  1865. 

Co.  G. — Captains — Michael  O.  Flvnn,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Oct.  2,  1862. 

William  W.  Mayne,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  severely  Oct.  22,  1862.     Dismissed  Jan.  4,  186-4.    Reinstated  Feb. 
10,  1864.     Discharged  for  disability  Sept.  14,  1864. 

Edward  Whitford,  of  Bedford. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Charles  W.  Hurd,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  March  21,  1862. 

William  W.  Mayne,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  3,  1862. 

Daniel  Gile,  of  Manchester. 

Captured  at  Deep  Run,  Va.,  Aug.  18,  1864.     Paroled.     Honorably  dis 
charged  April  28,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Wm.  W.  Mayne,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  22,  1862. 

David  P.  Dearborn,  of  Weare. 

Resigned  Nov.  4,  1862. 

Amos  L.  Colburn,  of  Concord. 

Transferred  to  Co.  K. 

James  F.  Gilpatrick,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  Aug  23,  1865. 

Co.  IL — Captains — Joseph  M.  Clough,  of  New  London. 

Wounded  July  30,  1864.     Mustered  out  Sept.  17,  1864. 

Abner  L.  Knowlton,  of  Sanbornton. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Israel  L.  Drew,  of  Lawrence,  Ms. 

Died  at  Annapolis,  Md.,  .NOV.  4,  1861. 

Hiram  C.  Tuttle,  of  Concord. 

Died  at  Concord,  Feb.  7,  1863. 

Henry  M.  Hicks,  of  Haverhill. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept.  14,  1864. 

Abner  L.  Knowlton,  of  Sanbornton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  17, 1865. 

Alfred  Marland,  of  Haver-de-Grace,  Md. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Hiram  C.  Tuttle,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  17,  1862. 

Norman  Burdick,  of  Milford. 

Discharged  Nov.  12,  1862. 

Henry  M.  Hicks,  of  Haverhill. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  8,  1863. 


222  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Matthew  Adams,  of  New  London. 

Wounded  July  30,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  21,  1864. 

John  Fullerton,  of  Bedford. 

Mustered  out  Aug=  23,  1865. 

Co.  I. — Captains — Nathan  li.  Brown,  of  Derry. 

Resigned  Oct.  6,  1862 

Davia  O.  Burleigh,  of  Loconia. 

Cashiered  June  4,  1804. 

George  F.  Quimby,  of  Kingston. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1865. 

First   Lieut*.— W.  S.  Pillsbury,  of  Londonderry. 

Resigned  Oct.  20,  1861. 

Daniel  Q.  Cole,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  Oct.  24,  1862. 

Henry  F.  Wigghi,  of  Dover. 

^  Promoted  to  Adjutant  Sept.  12,  1864. 

Edwin  Whitford,  of  Bedford. 

Promoted  to  Captain  March  1,  1865. 

Lorenzo  D.  Huntress,  of  Eftingham. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — True  Sanborn,  Jr.,  of  Chichester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  12,  1862. 

Benjamin  R.  Wheeler,  of  Salem. 

Transferred  to  Co.  F  June  12,  1862. 

Charles  L.  Brown,  of  Manchester. 

Died  of  disease  at  Folly  Island,  S.  C.,  June  3,  1863. 

Francis  H.  Davis,  of  Laconia. 

Wounded  May  16,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  9,  1864. 

Eben  Weed,  of  Haverhill. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  23,  1865. 

Co.  K.   -Captains — Jonathan  R.  Bagley,  of  Manchester. 

"Resigned  Jan.  13,  1862. 

Ephraim  C.  Currier,  of  Danville. 

Died  at  Beaufort,  S.  C.,  Aug.  12,  1862 

True  Sanborn,  Jr.,  of  Chichester. 

Discharged  for  disability  Nov.  2,  1864. 

George  W.  Huckins,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Ephraim  C.  Currier,  of  Danville. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  17,  1862. 

Charles  M.  Currier,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  June  11,  1862. 

True  Sanborn,  Jr.,  of  Chichester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Aug.  15,  1862, 


FO  UR  TH  REGIMENT.  223 

George  ~W.  Huckins,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  9,  1864. 

William  S.  Barker,  of  Londonderry. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  17,  1865. 

Joseph  Wingate,  of  Rochester. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  23,  1865. 

Second  Lieut.— Charles  X.  Tilton,  of  Sanbornton. 

Resigned  Jan.  16,  1862. 

George  "W.  Huckins,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  25,  1862. 

Amos  L.  Colburn,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  1,  1863. 

Stephen  J.  Wentworth,  of  Somersworth. 

Wounded  June  6,  1864.     Killed  at  Deep  Run,  Va.,  Aug.  16,  1864. 

All  the  Field  and  several  of  the  Company  officers  in 
the  Fourth  were  officers  in  the  First  Regiment,  and  had 
knowledge  of  the  duties  required  of  them.  Col.  Whip- 
pie  was  Lieut.  Colonel  of  the  First,  and  also  held  a 
commission  in  the  Mexican  war.  Lieut.  Colonel  Bell, 
Major  Drew,  Quartermaster  Kelley,  Capt.  Greenleaf, 
and  Capt.  Sleeper  were  Captains  in  the  First  Regiment, 
and  many  of  the  other  officers  and  soldiers  had  served 
three  months  in  that  regiment. 

COL.    THOMAS    J.    WHIPPLE. 

Col.  Whipple  was  born  at  Wentworth  on  the  30th  of 
January,  1816,  and  is  a  son  of  Dr.  Thomas  Whipple,  of 
that  town.  He  graduated  at  the  military  University  at 
Norwich,  Vermont,  under  the  instruction  of  Col.  Ran 
som,  who  was  killed  in  the  Mexican  War.  He  read  law 
with  Hon.  Josiah  Quincy,  of  Rumney,  and  after  being 
admitted  to  the  bar  commenced  practice  at  Meredith, 
now  Laconia.  In  April,  1847,  he  was  appointed  First 
Lieutenant  in  the  Ninth  United  States  Infantry,  and 
Adjutant  of  the  same  regiment  in  May  following.  He 
went  with  his  regiment  to  Vera  Cruz,  and  while  on  a 
visit  to  a  Catholic  cemetery  in  the  neighborhood  of  the 


224 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 


city,  in  company  with  private  R.  IT.  A.  Barnes,  of  his 
regiment,  was  taken  prisoner.     When  tieut.  Whipple 
and  his  companion  came  to  the  gate  of  the  cemetery 
they  were  confronted  by  three  Mexicans,  who  had  dis 
mounted  from  their  horses,  with  their  guns  pointed  at 
them.     Lieut,  Whipple  was  armed  with  a  sword,  and 
placed  himself  at  once  against  the  wall,  and  prepared 
for  a  defense.      Barnes,  who  was   unarmed,  made   the 
best  of  his  way  through   the  cemetery  to  the   camp. 
The  Mexicans  made  at  Whipple,  who  stoutly  defended 
himself.     One  of  them  hit  him  a  blow  upon  the  head, 
which  stunned  but  did  not  injure  him,  as  the  blow,  meet 
ing  a  parry,  struck  flatwise  upon  Whipple's  head.     Re- 
covering  himself  he  went  at  his  antagonists  again,  when 
they  retreated  a  few  paces  and  brought  their  guns  to 
bear  upon  him,  indicating  by  signs,  which  Lieut.  Whip- 
pie  well  understood,  that  if  he  did  not  surrender  they 
would    fire.      He   finally    surrendered,   and  was   taken 
away  upon  a  mustang,  while  his  own  horse  was  appro 
priated  by  ojie  of  his  captors.     Barnes  on  reaching  camp 
gave  the  alarm,  and  a  detachment  was  sent  out  in  search 
of  Whipple,  but  the  guerillas  had  escaped  with  their 
captive.     He  was  a  prisoner  several  months   and  was 
kindly  treated.     He  was  subsequently  exchanged,  join 
ed  his  regiment,  and  distinguished  himself  at  Atlixco, 
where  he  was   volunteer  Aid-de-camp    to   Brig.    Gen. 
Lane.     Adjutant  Whipple  resigned  in  February,  1848. 
and  resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  Laconia. 

Col.  Whipple  was  assistant  clerk  of  the  New  Hamp 
shire  House  of  Representatives  in  1848,  and  clerk  in 
1849,  '50,  '51,  and  52.  In  1849  he  was  appointed  Solic 
itor  for  Belknap  County,  which  office  he  held  four  years. 
When  the  war  of  the  rebellion  broke  out,  in  April  1861, 
Col.  Whipple  was  appointed  Lieut.  Colonel  of  the 
First  Regiment,  and  his  military  knowledge,  acquired 
both  at  Xorwich,  Yt.,  and  in  the  Mexican  war,  was  of 


FO URTH  REGIMENT.  225 

great  service  in  organizing  and  disciplining  the  regi 
ment.  He  was  mustered  out  with  his  regiment,  at  the 
end  of  its  term  of  enlistment,  August  9,  1861.  On 
the  20th  of  the  same  month  he  was  appointed  Colonel 
of  the  Fourth  Regiment,  and  resigned  in  March,  1862. 
His  courage  and  patriotism  as  an  officer  were  never  called 
in  question.  He  is  now  engaged  in  an  extensive  law 
practice  at  Laconia,  and  in  the  cultivation  of  a  fine 
farm.  He  is  a  gentleman  of  marked  ability  as  an  advo 
cate,  is  eminently  social  and  genial,  and  has  many 
warm  friends. 

GEN.    LOUIS   BELL. 

Louis  Bell  was  the  youngest  son  of  the  late  Gov. 
Samuel  Bell,  and  was  born  in  Chester,  March  8th,  1837. 
Among  his  older  brothers  were  Dr.  Luther  Y.  Bell,  long 
at  the  head  of  the  McLean  Asylum  for  the  Insane,  at 
Somerville,  Mass.,  Hon.  James  Bell,  a  distinguished 
lawyer  and  United  States  Senator,  and  Hon.  Samuel 
D.  Bell,  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Judicial  Court. 

After  completing  his  preparatory  studies  at  Berry 
and  at  Gilford,  he  entered  Brown  University,  at  Provi 
dence,  R.  I.,  where  he  graduated  at  the  age  of  eighteen 
years.  His  taste  and  aptitude  for  athletic  and  martial 
exercises  had  made  him  desirous  of  an  appointment  to 
the  Military  Academy  at  West  Point,  and,  at  a  later 
period,  of  a  commission  in  the  army ;  but  circumstan 
ces  prevented  the  accomplishment  of  either  of  these 
wishes.  The  same  inclination,  however,  led  him  to  di 
rect  his  reading  and  study  largely  to  military  subjects, 
a  circumstance  which  was  of  great  advantage  to  him  in 
his  subsequent  career. 

He  then  prepared  himself  for  the  legal  profession, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857,  establishing  himself 
in  Farmington.  His  ability  and  high  personal  charac- 


226  THE  GREAT  REBELLION 

ter  at  once  secured  him  friends  and  clients.  In  1859  he 
received  the  appointment  of  Justice  of  fche  Police  Court 
of  Farmington,  and  two  years  later,  that  of  Solicitor  of 
the  County  of  Strafford. 

The  breaking  out  of  the  rebellion  found  Mr.  Bell 
married,  and  fairly  established  in  business,  with  the 
most  flattering  professional  prospects  for  the  future. 
But  President  Lincoln's  call  for  volunteers  in  April,  1861, 
was  an  appeal  to  his  patriotism  and  military  spirit  which 
was  irresistible.  He  immediately  offered  his  services  to 
Gov.  Goodwin,  and  was  appointed  Captain  of  Company 
A  in  the  First  Regiment  of  New  Hampshire  Volunteers. 
The  organization  was  rapidly  completed,  and  the  regi 
ment  leaving  Concord  May  25,  1861,  proceeded  directly 
to  Washington.  During  their  three  months'  term  of 
service  they  were  stationed  on  the  line  of  the  Potomac, 
above  Washington,  and  engaged  chiefly  in  picket  duty, 
a  service  sufficiently  responsible  and  trying,  but  afford 
ing  few  incidents  worthy  of  special  mention.  Capt. 
Bell  discharged  his  duties  faithfully  and  creditably,  and 
returned  with  the  regiment  to  New  Hampshire,  thor 
oughly  acquainted  with  the  practical  part  of  a  soldier's 
life,  and  having  gained  the  respect  and  esteem  of  offi 
cers  and  men. 

The  Fourth  New  Hampshire  Regiment  was  then  about 
being  formed,  and  Capt.  Bell  was  immediately  commis 
sioned  as  its  Lieutenant  Colonel.  On  the  27th  of  Septem 
ber,  1861,  that  regiment  left  the  State,  and  constituted  a 
part  of  the  expedition  against  Port  Royal  and  Beaufort, 
S.  C.  At  the  latter  post  Gen.  T.  W.  Sherman  was  in 
command.  He  was  struck  with  the  efficiency  and  sol 
dierly  qualities  of  Lieut.  Col.  Bell,  and  made  him  his 
Inspector  General  and  chief  of  staff.  This  place  he 
continued  to  hold,  to  the  General's  entire  satisfaction, 
during  the  whole  period  of  Sherman's  stay  in  the 
department. 


FO  UR  TH  REGIMENT.  227 

In  the  discharge  of  this  duty,  he  was  in  December 
sent  hy  Gen.  Sherman,  in  a  light  steamer,  to  make  a 
reconnoissance  around  Port  Royal  Island.  He  succeeded 
in  unearthing  a  concealed  rebel  battery,  which  opened 
fire  upon  the  steamer,  with  the  effect  of  slightly  wound 
ing  Col.  Bell  and  one  of  his  men. 

Upon  the  resignation  of  Col.  "Whipple,  Col.  Bell  suc 
ceeded  in  March,  1862,  to  the  command  of  the  Fourth 
Regiment.  In  April  he  was  ordered  with  seven  compa 
nies  to  occupy  the  fortified  town  of  St.  Augustine,  Flo 
rida.  His  administration  of  affairs  there  was  extremely 
judicious  and  efficient.  The  position  being  much  ex 
posed,  its  works  were  put  into  a  thoroughly  defensible 
condition;  the  troops  were  admirably  organized  and 
trained,  and  the  civil  government  of  the  town  was  con 
ducted  in  a  manner  completely  satisfactory. 

In  October,  1862,  Col.  Bell  again  united  his  command 
at  Beaufort,  to  join  the  expedition  designed  to  cut  the 
railroad  between  Charleston  and  Savannah,  at  the  Poco- 
taligo  river.  Although  the  Fourth  Regiment  had  in 
detachments  seen  some  skirmishing,  this  was  their  first 
appearance  as  an  organization  in  any  serious  engage 
ment,  but  they  acquitted  themselves  with  much  credit, 
and  acted  as  rear-guard  on  the  retreat.  Their  loss  was 
about  thirty  men,  killed  and  wounded.  Col.  Bell,  who 
led  his  men  gallantly,  was  here  again  slightly  wounded 
by  a  splinter  from  a  shell. 

In  the  Spring  of  1863  began  the  series  of  operations 
against  Charleston  and  its  defenses.  The  Fourth  Regi 
ment  was  employed  the  greater  part  of  the  summer  on 
engineer  duty,  in  working  among  the  hot  sands  of  Folly 
and  Morris  Islands.  Here  Col.  Bell  had  an  opportunity 
to  put  in  practice  some  of  the  knowledge  which  he  had 
acquired  years  before,  while  intending  to  enter  the  mili 
tary  profession.  He  experimented,  with  a  good  degree 
of  success,  in  the  preparation  of  a  new  shell-fuse,  de- 


228  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

signed  to  obviate  some  of  the  difficulties  experienced  in 
mortar  practice,  and  of  a  "  Greek  fire,"«to  be  conveyed 
in  shells  for  the  purpose  of  producing  conflagrations. 

In  April,  1864,  Col.  Bell  was  ordered  with  his  regi 
ment,  to  report  to  Gen.  Butler,  to  join  the  Army  of  the 
James.  He  was  placed  in  command  of  a  brigade, 
consisting  of  the  Fourth  New  Hampshire,  Thirteenth 
Indiana,  Mnth  Maine,  One  Hundred  Seventeenth  New 
York,  and  Ninety-seventh  Pennsylvania  Regiments, 
with  which  he  took  part  in  the  affair  at  Swift  Creek,  in 
the  severe  engagement  at  Drury's  Bluff,  and  in  the 
series  of  struggles  on  the  17th,  20th  and  21st  of  May. 
He  also  held  the  left  of  the  line  in  the  battle  at  Cold 
Harbor,  and,  after  the  subsequent  flank  movement,  led 
his  brigade  to  the  assault  of  two  of  the  forts  before 
Petersburg,  which  he  carried  in  handsome  style,  being 
himself  among  the  first  to  enter  the  works. 

He  was  also  engaged  with  his  command  in  the  unfor 
tunate  "  Mine  "  assault,  and  conducted  himself  so  well 
that  he  was  one  of  the  few  general  officers  concerned 
who  escaped  without  censure,  in  the  report  of  the 
Board  that  investigated  the  affair. 

Of  both  the  expeditions  against  Fort  Fisher,  Col. 
Bell's  brigade  formed  a  part.  When  Gen.  Terry  was 
selected  to  undertake  the  second,  it  was  clear  to  every 
mind  that  there  was  to  be  no  failure,  whatever  the  cost 
of  success. 

In  the  final  assault  upon  the  works,  now  strengthened 
in  every  possible  way,  and  defended  with  desperation, 
Col.  Bell's  brigade  formed  the  third  line  of  attack.  At 
the  signal  for  their  advance,  they  pushed  forward  in 
admirable  order,  their  leader,  as  was  his  custom,  at 
their  head,  into  the  storm  of  fire.  The  Colonel  had  just 
congratulated  a  brother  officer  on  the  splendid  behavior 
of  the  men,  as  they  reached  the  ditch  in  front  of  the 
work,  and  a  bullet  from  the  rifle  of  a  sharpshooter,  on 


FO  UR  TH  REGIMENT.  229 

the  crest  of  the  parapet  above  them,  struck  him  in  the 
left  breast  and  passed  downward  through  his  body. 
He  fell,  mortally  wounded,  and  was  tenderly  borne  by 
his  comrades  to  the  rear.  But  he  would  not  leave  the 
field  till  he  could  see  the  colors  of  his  regiment  upon 
the  fort,  and  it  was  but  a  moment  before  his  dying 
wish  was  gratified,  and  the  tattered  ensign  of  the  Fourth 
was  planted  upon  the  ramparts  of  the  captured  strong 
hold. 

With  the  going  down  of  the  sun  his  life  ebbed  away, 
and  the  morning  saw  the  spirit  of  the  loyal,  chivalrous 
an'd  accomplished  soldier  winging  its  flight  from  earth. 

On  the  day  after  the  costly  purchase  of  the  national 
triumph,  the  Secretary  of  War  arrived  at  Fort  Fisher. 
By  command  of  President  Lincoln,  he  conferred  upon 
Col.  Bell  the  brevet  rank  of  Brigadier  General,  dating 
from  January  15th,  the  day  when  he  received  his  fatal 
wound. 

Such  is  a  brief  sketch  of  the  career  of  one  of  the 
noblest  men  who  laid  his  life  upon  the  altar  of  his 
country.  Strictly  conscientious  in  the  performance  of 
duty,  thoroughly  skilled  in  every  detail  of  his  position, 
tenderly  solicitous  for  the  safety  and  comfort  of  his  men, 
and  sharing  every  hardship  and  danger  with  them,  hon 
orable,  patriotic  and  eminent  for  prudence,  coolness  and 
courage,  he  was  universally  beloved  and  respected. 

The  Fourth  Regiment  left  Manchester  for  "Washing 
ton,  D.  C.,  on  the  27th  of  September,  receiving  the 
customary  hospitalities  and  attentions  on  the  way,  and 
arrived  there  on  the  30th.  They  went  into  camp  on  the 
Bladensburg  road,  about  a  mile  and  a  half  from  the 
city,  immediately  after  which  they  were  armed  with 
Belgium  rifles,  and  were  at  once  put  to  drilling.  The 
regiment  remained  here  until  the  9th  of  October,  when 
they  started  to  join  Gen.  Sherman's  Expeditionary 


230  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

Corps,  at  Annapolis,  Md.,  where  they  arrived  the  same 
day.  The  regiment  was  brigaded  witk  the  Sixth  and 
Seventh  Connecticut,  and  Ninth  Maine,  under  command 
of  Brig.  Gen.  H.  G.  Wright,  who  was  subsequently  the 
popular  commander  of  the  Sixth  Army  Corps. 

On  the  19th  the  regiment  embarked  on  board  the 
steamer  Baltic,  and  in  company  with  the  rest  of  the 
expedition,  sailed  for  Fortress  Monroe,  where  it  remain 
ed  until  the  29th,  awaiting  the  preparation  of  the  Navy, 
when  the  whole  land  and  naval  forces  sailed  under 
orders,  the  import  of  which  was  known  only  to  the  com 
mander  of  the  expedition.  The  Baltic  had  in  tow  the 
ship  Ocean  Express,  loaded  with  ammunition  and  ord 
nance.  On  the  30th  the  wind  became  strong  and  the 
sea  rough,  which  threatened  danger  to  the  less  staunch 
vessels  of  the  fleet.  About  two  o'clock  the  next  morn 
ing  the  Baltic  struck  on  Frying  Pan  Shoals  with  a  tre 
mendous  crash.  For  a  time  there  was  imminent  danger 
of  a  complete  shipwreck,  and  the  wildest  excitement 
prevailed  on  board  the  Baltic.  The  steamer  was  finally 
relieved  from  her  perilous  condition,  when  a  terrible 
gale  ensued,  which  continued  three  days.  On  arrival  at 
Port  Royal,  on  the  4th  of  November,  where  the  rest  of 
the  fleet  had  assembled,  it  was  ascertained  that  the 
vessels  Commodore  Perry  and  Governor  had  been  lost, 
though  every  person  on  board  had  been  almost  miracu 
lously  saved.  The  Baltic  was  ordered  to  put  to  sea, 
and  cruise  about  to  find  the  Ocean  Express,  which  was 
cut  loose  from  the  Baltic  when  she  struck  upon  Frying 
Pan  Shoals.  She  returned  the  next  day,  after  an  unsuc 
cessful  search.  During  the  storm  the  steamer  Union 
had  been  driven  ashore,  and  Quartermaster  Sergeant 
Kelley,  of  the  Fourth,  with  a  squad  of  men,  and  the 
crew  of  the  steamer,  were  made  prisoners. 

On  the  morning  of  the  7th  of  November  the  gunboats 
commenced  an  attack  on  the  rebel  works  at  Hilton 


FO URTH  REGIMENT.  231 

Head,  and  the  Wabash,  Pawnee  and  Sabine  opened 
their  terrible  broadsides  on  the  enemy's  batteries.  For 
five  hours  about  one  shell  per  second  fell  upon  each  of 
the  forts.  Fifteen  thousand  men  clustered  in  the  rig 
ging  and  around  the  masts  of  the  transports,  to  witness 
the  grand  spectacle.  The  fleet  gradually  neared  the 
shore,  and  the  rebel  gunners  replied  but  feebly  and  at 
intervals.  At  two  o'clock  no  response  was  received 
from  the  forts.  The  rebels  left  their  intrenchments, 
and  an  hour  later  the  stars  and  stripes  superseded  the 
rebel  flag  on  the  parapet,  while  the  troops  and  sailors 
rent  the  air  with  their  cheers.  After  nineteen  days  of 
confinement  on  shipboard,  the  Fourth  went  ashore  at 
Hilton  Head.  The  victory  of  the  Navy  was  complete 
and  glorious,  with  but  very  small  loss.  Nineteen  can 
non  were  captured  and  an  important  post  had  been 
taken. 

The  Fourth  passed  three  months  at  Hilton  Head,  at 
work  on  fortifications,  erecting  wharves  and  landing 
stores,  drilling  only  at  intervals.  At  inspection  one  day 
Col.  Whipple  rebuked  a  soldier  for  having  a  dirty  gun. 
"  I  know  my  gun  is  dirty,"  replied  the  man,  "  but  I've 
got  the  brightest  shovel  you  ever  saw,  Colonel."  The 
soldier's  wit  saved  him  from  punishment.  The  arduous 
duties  performed,  together  with  the  change  of  climate, 
told  upon  the  health  of  the  men,  and  funerals  were  of 
daily  occurrence. 

Early  in  January,  1862,  the  Chaplain,  M.  W.  Willis, 
was  discharged  on  account  of  ill  health.  On  the  21st, 
the  Fourth,  with  other  regiments,  sailed  from  Hilton 
Head  on  an  expedition  down  the  coast.  They  came 
to  an  anchorage  at  "Warsaw  Sound,  Georgia,  and  the 
troops  were  landed  on  Warsaw  Island,  a  marshy,  un 
healthy  spot,  and  remained  on  shore  and  on  board, 
awaiting  the  arrival  of  the  navy,  until  the  28th  of  Feb 
ruary,  when  the  exuedition  started  again,  and  the  next 


232  TEE  QREA  T  REBELLION. 

day  arrived  within  twelve  miles  of  Fernandina,  Florida. 
On  the  2d  of  March  it  was  ascertained  that  the  rebels 

• 

had  evacuated  the  place,  and  Fernandina  and  Bruns 
wick  were  occupied  by  our  troops,  the  Fourth  being 
encamped  in  the  town. 

On  the  8th  of  March  the  regiment,  except  Companies 
E  and  F,  which  were  left  at  Fernandina,  under  com 
mand  of  Capt.  Towle,  as  a  provost  guard,  embarked  on 
the  steamer  Boston,  and  in  company  with  six  gunboats 
proceeded  down  the  coast  and  anchored  for  the  night. 
The  next  morning  the  soldiers  were  distributed  among 
the  gunboats  as  sharpshooters.  One  boat  crossed  the 
bar  and  found  that  the  batteries  commanding  the  en 
trance  to  the  river,  which,  with  those  further  up,  were 
very  strong,  had  been  evacuated — the  enemy  leaving 
their  guns  and  every  thing  in  perfect  order,  without 
having  fired  a  shot.  The  fleet  proceeded  up  the  St. 
Johns  River,  and  found  that  the  rebels  were  burning 
lumber  and  saw  mills  along  its  banks,  most  of  which 
belonged  to  northern  men.  They  had  also  burned  two 
gunboats  which  were  being  built  at  Jacksonville.  On 
the  12th,  the  regiment,  except  Company  C,  which  was 
left  at  Mayport,  and  Company  I,  which  went  down  the 
river  with  the  Hurn,  reached  Jacksonville,  where  the 
inhabitants  generally  received  them  with  gladness. 
Some  of  the  inhabitants  had  left  however,  and  large 
quantities  of  furniture  and  personal  baggage  were  left 
in  their  hurry,  piled  up  ready  for  transportation. 

On  the  13th  an  advanced  picket  line  was  established, 
which  was  fired  on  the  next  day  by  scouts  in  the  woods, 
and  apprehending  an  attack,  the  supports  fell  back 
under  cover  of  the  gunboats,  and  barricaded  the  streets. 
"No  attack  was  made,  however.  On  the  15th  Company 
G,  having  found  a  quantity  of  rum  in  the  town,  imbibed 
it  very  freely,  got  drunk,  and  mutinied.  Companies  H 
K  charged  bayonets  on  them,  disarmed  and  ironed 


FO  UR TH  REGIMENT.  233 

the  leaders,  and  in  the  melee  one  member  of  Company 
G  was  killed.  On  the  17th  a  reconnoissance  was  made 
by  Company  H,  five  miles  into  the  country,  but  a 
deserted  camp  of  the  enemy  was  all  that  was  found. 
About  this  time,  Colonel  Whipple  having  resigned,  his 
resignation  was  accepted,  and  he  left  the  regiment  to 
the  regret  of  almost  every  officer  and  man.  He  was  an 
excellent  disciplinarian  and  an  accomplished  soldier. 
Lieut.  Colonel  Bell  was  promoted  to  Colonel,  and  Capt. 
Gilman  E.  Sleeper,  of  Company  C,  was  promoted  to 
Lieut,  Colonel.  While  at  Jacksonville  the  Fourth  per 
formed  much  arduous  duty.  A  skirmish  occurred  on 
picket  in  which  the  regiment  lost  two  men  killed,  three 
wounded,  and  four  taken  prisoners. 

On  the  8th  of  April  General  Hunter  ordered  the  place 
evacuated,  and  Col.  Bell  with  seven  companies,  was  sent 
to  garrison  St.  Augustine,  on  the  coast.  Companies  B, 
H  and  K,  under  command  of  Major  Drew,  embarked 
on  the  8th  of  June  for  James  Island,  South  Carolina, 
and  were  temporarily  assigned  to  the  brigade  com 
manded  by  Colonel  Welch,  of  the  Forty-fifth  Pennsylva 
nia,  and  took  part  in  several  skirmishes  and  the  engage 
ment  at  James  Island,  under  Gen.  Benham,  but  met 
with  no  loss.  On  the  12th  of  the  same  month  tbese 
three  companies  were  ordered  to  Beaufort,  South  Caro 
lina,  and  constituted  a  part  of  the  garrison  of  the  town 
during  the  summer.  The  seven  companies  stationed  at 
St.  Augustine  passed  the  summer  there  without  casual 
ties  or  incidents  worthy  of  note.  Fort  Marion  was 
put  in  good  repair  and  the  city  in  a  state  of  defense. 
In  September  they  were  relieved  by  the  Seventh  New 
Hampshire,  and  joined  the  detachment  at  Beaufort. 
General  Mitchell  assumed  command  of  the  Department, 
and  preparations  were  made  for  active  movements. 
The  Fourth  was  brigaded  with  the  Third  New  Hamp 
shire,  the  Sixth  Connecticut,  Forty-seventh  !N"ew  York, 


234  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  Henry's  Battery,  commanded  by  Brig.  Gen.  Bran- 
nan.  The  Fourth  participated  in  the  battle  of  Pocotal- 
igo,  an  account  of  which  is  given  in  the  history  of  the 
movements  of  the  Third  Regiment.  The  plan  was-  to 
capture  the  pickets  and  surprise  the  garrison,  while  a 
detachment  in  a  light  draught  boat  were  to  proceed  up 
the  river  and  burn  the  bridge.  This  plan  was  frustrated 
by  a  delay  on  the  part  of  the  gunboats,  which  gave  the 
rebels  time  to  obtain  re-enforcements.  The  troops  land 
ed  and  marched  four  miles,  when  the  Forty-seventh 
New  York  engaged  the  enemy.  Henry's  Battery  was 
thrown  forward,  supported  by  the  Fourth  New  Hamp 
shire,  which  came  under  a  heavy  artillery  fire  in  a  small 
cotton  field,  through  which  ran  the  road  to  the  bridge. 
The  regiment  formed  line  of  battle  and  advanced  to  a 
marsh  two  hundred  yards  wide,  on  the  opposite  side  of 
which  was  a  rebel  battery  which  hastily  retreated.  A 
sharp  running  skirmish  of  two  miles  ensued,  in  which 
a  caisson  and  several  prisoners  were  captured.  The 
line  was  met  by  a  raking  fire  from  the  defenses  of  the 
bridge,  four  hundred  yards  distant,  across  an  impassable 
marsh,  and  only  accessible  by  a  narrow  road.  Trains 
loaded  with  re-enforcements  were  distinctly  seen,  show 
ing  that  further  advance  with  the  small  force  was  im 
practicable.  A  heavy  fire  of  musketry  and  artillery  was 
opened  upon  both  sides  which  lasted  until  night,  when 
the  Union  troops  were  quietly  withdrawn — the  Fourth 
taking  the  rear  of  the  retreat.  In  this  engagement  the 
regiment  lost  three  men  killed  and  twenty-five  wound 
ed.  Colonel  Bell  was  struck  by  the  splinter  of  a  shell. 
Capt.  Wallace  and  Lieut.  Mayne  were  both  severely 
wounded  by  the  same  ball.  Not  a  man  flinched  from 
his  duty.  For  a  time  Col.  Bell  was  disabled  by  his 
wound,  and  the  regiment  was  commanded  by  Lieut.  Col. 
Sleeper.  Before  night,  however,  Col.  Bell  returned 
and  resumed  command.  The  expedition  failed  and  the 


FO  UR  TH  REGIMENT.  235 

regiment  returned  and  went  into  winter-quarters  at 
Beaufort,  South  Carolina,  where  they  remained  for  five 
months  doing  picket  duty  and  drilling.  Thanksgiving 
and  Christmas  were  observed  in  true  New  England 
fashion. 

During  the  year  that  had  elapsed  since  the  Fourth 
left  the  State,  many  changes  had  taken  place  in  its  or 
ganization.  One  colonel,  two  captains,  three  first  lieu 
tenants  and  two  second  lieutenants  had  resigned;  eleven 
officers  had  been  promoted,  and  eight  men  had  been 
promoted  to  officers  from  the  ranks.  One  captain  had 
been  dismissed ;  Capt.  Currier  and  Lieut.  Drew,  and 
twenty-four  men  had  died  of  disease ;  three  had  been 
drowned,  one  killed  by  the  enemy,  and  two  by  accident. 

The  spring  of  1863  opened  with  a  great  expedition 
against  Charleston.  On  the  4th  of  April  the  Fourth 
Regiment  received  marching  orders,  embarked  on  trans 
ports  and  proceeded  to  Hilton  Head,  where  it  was  brig 
aded  with  the  Third  and  five  companies  of  the  Seventh 
New  Hampshire,  and  Sixth  Connecticut.  The  brigade 
was  commanded  by  Col.  H.  S.  Putnam,  of  the  Seventh, 
and  the  division  by  Gen.  A.  H.  Terry.  The  troops  sail 
ed  from  Hilton  Head  to  Stono  Inlet,  and  remained  on 
board  awaitng  the  result  of  the  bombardment  of  Fort 
Sumter  by  the  navy.  The  navy  not  having  succeeded 
in  taking  the  fort,  the  troops  were  carried  back  to  Hil 
ton  Head  on  the  llth  of  April.  The  brigade  organiza 
tion  was  disbanded  and  the  regiment  went  into  camp. 

On  the  17th  of  April  a  new  brigade  was  organized, 
consisting  of  the  Third  and  Fourth  New  Hampshire, 
the  Sixth  Connecticut,  and  a  battalion  of  Sharpshooters, 
all  under  the  command  of  Col.  Louis  Bell,  of  the 
Fourth,  and  assigned  to  Gen.  Terry's  division.  On  the 
18th  another  expedition  against  Charleston  was  inaugu 
rated,  under  Gen.  Gillmore,  who  was  in  command  of 
the  Department.  The  troops  on  transports  arrived  at 


236  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

North  Edisto  River  on  the  19th,  and  had  another  time 
on  shipboard,  awaiting  the  arrival  of  the  navy.  On  the 
28th  it  was  decided  to  abandon  the  expedition,  and  the 
whole  force,  both  land  and  naval,  sailed  for  Stono  River, 
and  the  brigade  was  again  broken  up.  The  next  day 
the  Fourth  arrived  at  Stono  Inlet,  disembarked  on  Folly 
Island  and  reported  to  Gen.  Vogdes,  commanding  the 
United  States  forces  on  the  island.  The  regiment  en 
camped  within  two  miles  of  the  enemy's  works  on  Mor 
ris  Island,  in  a  thick  growth  of  pines,  from  whose  tops 
Charleston  harbor,  with  the  surrounding  forts  could  be 
plainly  seen.  During  several  weeks  the  time  was  occu 
pied  in  building  fortifications  and  picketing  the  northern 
extremity  of  the  island,  about  fifty  yards  from  the  rebel 
pickets,  across  a  little  inlet  on  Morris  Island.  The 
pickets  agreed  not  to  fire  on  each  other,  and  had  very 
agreeable  intercourse,  exchanged  tobacco,  coffee,  and 
newspapers,  sent  across  the  inlet  in  small  boats.  The 
ladies  occasionally  came  down  from  Charleston  to  take 
a  look  at  the  Yanks,  and  so  the  time  passed,  until  the 
first  of  June,  when  the  rebels,  to  save  the  cargo  of  a 
blockade  runner,  which  had  been  grounded  off  Light 
House  Inlet,  midway  between  the  two  islands,  opened 
a  heavy  fire  upon  the  Union  pickets,  who  built  breast 
works  of  such  light  materials  as  were  at  hand,  and 
screened  from  the  view  of  the  rebels  by  the  thick  bushes 
that  lined  the  shore,  and  a  dense  thicket  in  the  back 
ground,  constructed  masked  batteries,  unbeknown  to 
the  enemy,  who  supposed  the  sand  works  they  could 
see  were  only  protections  to  the  pickets,  and  neglected 
to  strengthen  their  fortifications,  which  might  have 
been  made  impregnable  to  any  direct  assault.  Thus 
the  attempt  to  save  the  cargo  of  the  blockade  runner 
led  to  the  capture  of  the  island. 

On  the  night  of  the  17th  of  June,  Company  B,  of  the 
Fourth  Regiment,  commenced  the  first  works   in  the 


FO  UR  TH  REGIMENT.  237 

last  long  siege  of  Charleston.  One  man  was  killed  by 
a  piece  of  shell.  For  twenty-one  nights,  and  nearly  as 
many  days,  the  regiment  constructed  masked  batteries, 
working  in  silence,  no  one  being  allowed  to  speak  above 
a  whisper.  On  the  morning  of  the  8th  of  July  the 
work  was  completed.  Forty-four  guns  and  mortars 
were  in  position,  the  magazine  filled,  and  the  embra 
sures  cleared.  Severe  labor  and  want  of  sleep  had  so 
exhausted  the  men  that  they  were  obliged  to  relinquish 
the  completion  of  the  work  they  had  so  faithfully  com 
menced,  to  fresh  troops,  drilled  for  the  purpose.  The 
Fourth  joined  Gen.  Terry's  command,  and  participated 
in  a  diversion  upon  James  Island.  On  the  morning  of 
the  10th  the  batteries  opened  simultaneously  upon  the 
enemy,  who  were  taken  completely  by  surprise.  A  rebel 
officer,  while  surveying  our  pickets  through  a  glass, 

suddenly  exclaimed  "By ,  the  Yanks  have  mounted 

a  gun  over  there."  At  that  moment  forty-four  "  peace 
makers  "  rained  iron  upon  him.  The  advance  was 
halted  by  the  guns  of  Fort  Wagner,  and  after  two  des 
perate  and  bloody  charges  it  was  determined  to  take 
that  formidable  work  by  regular  approaches.  On  the 
same  day  the  Fourth  Regiment  returned  from  James 
Island,  and  a  lodgment  having  been  effected  by  our 
forces  on  Morris  Island,  the  Fourth  was  selected,  for  its 
coolness  in  working  under  fire,  to  report  to  Major 
Brooks,  of  Gen.  Gillmore's  staff,  and  in  charge  of  siege 
works,  for  engineer  duty. 

The  approaches,  consisting  of  five  parallels,  connected 
by  "  covered  ways  "  or  "  zigzags,"  were  carried  for  five 
hundred  yards  over  a  sandy  strip  of  land,  not  three- 
fourths  as  wide  as  Fort  Wagner,  and  bounded  by  marsh 
and  ocean.  At  spring  tide  the  surf  filled  the  trenches. 
In  front  were  forts  Wagner,  Gregg  and  Sumter  ;  a  little 
to  the  right  of  Sumter  was  Fort  Moultrie,  and  to  the 
left  Fort  Johnson,  and  a  long  line  of  batteries  on  James 


238  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Island,  designated  by  the  men  after  'their  respective 
characters,  as  "Bull  of  the  Woods,". "Mud  Digger," 
"  Peanut  Battery,"  etc.  The  firp  of  all  these  forts  and 
batteries  was  concentrated  on  this  narrow  compass — the 
work-shop  of  thousands,  upon  which  mortars,  Colum- 
biads,  Blakeleys,  Armstrongs,  Brooks  and  Whitworths, 
and  shells  of  every  calaber  and  kind,  from  the  thirteen- 
inch  mortar  to  the  vindictive  Whitworth,  unceasingly 
fell.  Shout  "  Cover  "  to  any  survivor  of  that  terrible 
siege,  and  he  will  unwittingly  look  in  the  air  for  a  com 
ing  shell.  The  storm  of  iron  was  attended  by  a  contin 
ual  "  zeeb  "  of  bullets  from  Fort  Wagner.  On  the 
night  of  the  23d  of  July  the  Fourth  planted  chevaux-de- 
frise,  and  dug  a  trench  for  the  parallel.  In  this  terri 
ble  place,  on  the  hot  blistering  sand,  and  under  the  blaz 
ing  sun  of  South  Carolina,  or  in  the  murky  darkness  of 
night,  lighted  by  bursting  shells,  these  defenders  of  the 
Union  toiled  unflinchingly  for  forty-six  days.  Bodies 
of  the  dead  and  wounded  were  continually  being  carried 
from  the  trenches.  In  the  fierce  excitement  of  battle, 
it  is  comparatively  easy  to  face  death,  but  to  advance 
slowly,  day  after  day,  amid  the  dead  and  dying  is  far 
more  horrible  than  charging  the  cannon's  mouth.  Con 
stant  labor,  the  intense  heat,  and  brackish  water,  caused 
disease  which  disabled  more  than  half  the  number; 
and  indeed  those  who  stoutly  resisted  and  manfully  per 
formed  their  duties  became  almost  ghastly  thin. 

In  the  meantime  Fort  Sumter  was  rendered  a  huge, 
inoffensive  pile  of  brick  dust.  The  "  Swamp  Angel " 
tossed  shells  into  the  doomed  city,  and  a  sap  was  dug 
from  the  fifth  parallel  to  the  very  ditch  of  Fort  Wagner. 
On  the  morning  of  the  7th  of  September  the  line  was 
formed  for  a  final  charge,  when  the  news  came  that  the 
fort  was  evacuated.  For  once  the  shovel  had  triumphed 
over  the  bayonet.  Fort  Gregg  shared  the  same  fate, 
and  both  were  afterward  rebuilt  and  named  for  Gen- 


FOURTH  REGIMENT.  239 

eral  Strong  and  Colonel  Putnam,  both  of  whom  fell  in 
process  of  their  reduction.  The  cool  air  of  autumn 
brought  renewed  health,  and  the  winter  was  passed  in 
the  ordinary  routine  of  garrison  and  fatigue  duty  in  the 
various  forts  and  on  picket  duty  on  the  island. 

About  the  middle  of  January,  1864,  the  Fourth  was 
ordered  to  Beaufort,  (South  Carolina,  where  it  was  on 
garrison  duty,  and  where  the  work  of  re-enlisting  com 
menced  under  charge  of  Capt.  F.  W.  Parker.  In  a 
week  three  hundred  men  had  enlisted  anew  for  three 
years,  or  during  the  war. 

On  the  20th  of  February  the  regiment  embarked  on 
transports  and  proceeded  to  Hilton  Head,  and  thence  to 
Wilmington  Island,  up  the  Savannah  river,  and  landed 
on  "Wibmarsh  Island,  seven  or  eight  miles  from  Savan 
nah,  for  the  purpose  of  capturing  a  large  number  of 
negroes,  engaged,  under  the  direction  of  the  rebel 
troops,  in  erecting  fortifications  to  defend  the  approaches 
to  the  city.  The  force  consisted  of  the  Fourth  New 
Hampshire  and  Eighty-fifth  Pennsylvania,  under  com 
mand  of  Col.  Ho  well,  of  the  latter  regiment.  The  ex 
pedition  proved  a  failure,  the  troops  re-embarked,  and 
the  Fourth  was  ordered  to  proceed  at  once  to  Jackson 
ville,  Florida,  where  they  arrived  on  the  23d,  and  were 
at  once  put- at  work  erecting  defenses  for  the  city,  pre 
paratory  for  an  expected  attack  from  the  enemy,  which, 
however,  did  not  come.  On  the  26th  the  regiment 
again  embarked  and  sailed  for  Beaufort,  South  Caro 
lina,  where  they  arrived  the  next  day. 

The  number  of  re-enlisted  men  had  been  increased  to 
three  hundred  and  eighty-eight — the  largest  number 
re-enlisted  in  any  New  Hampshire  regiment — all  of 
whom  received  a  furlough  for  thirty  days,  and  under 
command  of  Colonel  Bell,  started  for  New  Hampshire, 
and  arrived  on  the  7th  of  March.  The  new  recruits 
and  the  original  men  of  the  regiment  who  did  not 


240  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

re-enlist,  to  the  number  of  over  two  hundred,  remained 
at  Beaufort,  under  command  of  Lieut. •Colonel  Drew. 
On  the  12th  of  April  this  detatchment  sailed  for 
Fortress  Monroe,  and  reported  to  General  Butler,  com 
manding  the  Department  of  Virginia  and  North  Carolina. 
They  were  ordered  to  Gloucester  Point,  York  River. 
During  the  month  the  veterans  returned,  and  the 
Fourth  was  brigaded  with  the  Eighth  Maine,  Fifty-fifth 
and  Mnety-seventh  Pennsylvania,  under  command  of 
Col.  R.  White,  of  the  Fifty-fifth,  General  Ames  com 
manding  the  division,  which  formed  a  part  of  the  Tenth 
Army  Corps,  in  the  Army  of  the  James. 

On  the  4th  day  of  May  this  army  started  on  trans 
ports  for  Bermuda  Hundred,  up  the  James  river,  where 
they  arrived  on  the  6th.  A  line  of  works  extending 
from  the  Appomattox  to  the  James,  six  miles  from  Ber 
muda  Hundred,  was  immediately  thrown  up.  On  the 
9th  an  advance  was  made,  and  Ames'  division  tore  up 
several  miles  of  the  Petersburg  and  Richmond  Railroad, 
and  then,  by  a  hasty  march,  joined  the  Eighteenth  Corps 
at  Swift  Creek,  where  the  enemy  in  force  were  attacked, 
and  after  a  sharp  fight,  driven  to  the  defenses  of  Peters 
burg,  on  the  Appomattox.  At  night  the  rebels  made 
a  charge,  but  were  severely  repulsed.  Next  morning, 
heavy  firing  was  heard  in  the  direction  of  Gen.  Terry's 
command,  stationed  at  Lempster  Hill,  to  repel  any 
advance  from  Richmond.  Ames'  Division  hurried  to 
the  scene  of  action,  but  did  not  arrive  until  after  the 
enemy  had  been  handsomely  repulsed.  After  one  day's 
rest  the  army  of  the  James  started  "  on  to  Richmond." 
Slight  skirmishing  occurred  on  the  first  day.  At  night 
a  heavy  rain  set  in,  and  the  troops  lay  down  to  rest  upon 
ground  where  the  rebel  General  Hoke  had  encamped  the 
night  before.  The  next  day  the  Fourth  advanced  along 
the  railroad,  the  Eighteenth  Corps  having  the  right 
and  the  Tenth  Corps  the  left.  A  few  hours  brought 


FO  UR  TH  REGIMENT.  241 

them  to  the  first  line  of  the  defenses  of  Richmond, 
when  skirmishing  at  once  commenced.  A  rattling  fire 
was  kept  up  until  nearly  night,  when  Terry's  Division, 
having  made  a  detour,  came  upon  the  rebel  fiank,  and 
the  Third  New  Hampshire,  supported  by  the  Seventh, 
made  a  desperate  and  bloody  charge.  The  Fourth  was 
ordered  to  charge  the  works  in  front,  and  forward  they 
went  with  a  rush,  over  fences  and  ditches,  and  planted 
the  flag  on  the  ramparts  which  the  enemy  had  hastily 
left.  Gen.  Gillmore  now  rode  up  amid  repeated  cheers. 
The  Eighteenth  Corps  captured  the  right  of  the  line 
the  same  evening,  and  thus  the  outer  line  of  defenses  was 
secured.  The  storm  which  had  not  ceased,  raged  with 
greater  fury  than  ever,  when  news  came  that  a  large 
cavalry  force  was  advancing  on  the  Union  line  of  com 
munication,  to  cut  off  their  supplies,  so  through  a 
drenching  rain,  deep  mud  and  intense  darkness,  the 
Fourth  hurried  to  guard  against  this  threatened  attack. 
At  Chesterfield  Court  House,  five  miles  from  the  start 
ing  point,  they  were  met  by  a  volley  from  the  enemy's 
carbines.  Two  companies  were  thrown  out  as  skirmish 
ers,  and  the  regiment  was  formed  in  hollow  square  to 
receive  cavalry,  and  there,  having  reached  the  point  to 
be  guarded  they  remained  all  night.  Early  next  morn 
ing  the  regiment  was  ordered  back  to  aid  in  taking  the 
second  line  of  the  enemy's  works  on  Drury's  Bluff. 

On  the  14th  day  of  May,  the  Fourth  supported  a 
battery,  under  a  provoking  fire,  and  at  night  relieved  a 
portion  of  the  skirmish  line  on  the  right  of  the  railroad. 
In  front,  between  them  and  the  rebel  lines,  for  a  distance 
of  five  hundred  yards,  was  a  thick  growth  of  under 
brush,  affording  fine  cover  for  the  enemy.  The  15th 
was  passed  in  continual  sharp-shooting,  and  at  night  a 
light  breastwork  was  thrown  up.  On  the  morning  of 
the  16th  a  dense  fog  covered  the  earth.  The  rapid  roll 
ing  of  a  heavy  fire  of  musketry  was  heard  on  the  right. 


242  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

The  enemy  were  reported  to  be  advancing  in  front,  and 
the  men  put  themselves  in  a  position  ef  defense  and 
calmly  awaited  the  foe.  Suddenly  a  line  of  rebels 
sprang  out  of  the  mist,  as  if  by  magic,  within  three 
rods  of  the  Union  line ;  but  they  as  quickly  disappeared, 
for  every  rifle  was  emptied  with  deadly  aim,  and  bayo 
nets  were  fixed  for  close  work.  The  enemy,  rallied  by 
their  officers,  whose  voices  could  be  distinctly  heard, 
advanced,  and  again  retreated,  with  ranks  fearfully 
shattered  by  another  volley.  The  Union  troops  were 
formed  in  one  line,  with  intervals  of  three  paces,  and 
had  there  been  the  least  flinching  the  line  would  have 
been  lost.  Besides  this  the  cartridges  were  nearly  ex 
pended.  The  fire  on  the  right  grew  heavier  and  nearer 
every  moment,  and  seemed  to  break  to  the  rear.  An 
order  from  General  Butler  for  the  whole  line  to  charge, 
put  the  troops  in  good  spirits;  they  vainly  suppos 
ing  that  affairs  were  prosperous,  when,  suddenly,  the 
troops  on  the  right  of  the  Fourth,  retreated  in  disorder. 
The  brigade,  however,  advanced  to  charge,  and  were 
quickly  met  by  a  counter  charge,  the  enemy  appearing  in 
overwhelming  numbers  in  front  and  in  rear  of  the  right 
flank,  within  a  few  yards,  virtually  making  prisoners 
of  a  portion  of  the  regiment;  but  the  men  could  not 
understand  it  in  that  light,  and  after  doing  all  that  men 
could  do,  they  retreated  under  a  perfect  hail  of  bullets, 
from  the  right,  left  and  front.  Many  fired  at  the  enemy 
within  a  few  feet  and  ran  from  under  their  bayonets. 
Corporal  Plumer,  of  Company  E,  shot  a  rebel  color- 
bearer  ten  paces  off.  A  bullet  pierced  Capt.  dough's 
hat,  and  when  he  took  it  off  a  shell  took  the  crown  out. 
The  air  seemed  filled  with  missiles  of  death.  Col. 
White,  commanding  the  brigade,  was  taken  prisoner, 
when  Col.  Bell  rallied  the  men  and  held  the  enemy  in 
check  until  a  line  could  be  formed  sufficient  to  cover 
the  retreat. 


FO  UR TH  REGIMENT.  243 

The  Fourth  lost  one  hundred  and  forty-two  men  in 
this  action,  in  killed,  wounded  and  missing.  Major 
Sawyer  received  a  bullet  wound  in  the  shoulder,  of 
which  he  died  at  home  on  the  23d  of  June.  He  was 
a  brave  officer  and  a  most  worthy  man,  respected  and 
beloved  by  all  who  knew  him.  Lieut.  Frank  B.  Hutch- 
inson,  of  Company  E,  was  last  seen  firing  his  revolver 
within  a  few  feet  of  the  enemy.  He  knew  no  fear  and 
shirked  no  duty.  Capt.  Wallace,  of  Co.  C,  was  again 
severely  wounded.  The  regiment  marched  back  to  Ber 
muda  Hundred  with  sadly  diminished  ranks.  On  the 
21st  a  severe  skirmish  took  place,  in  which  Lieuts. 
Brewster  of  Company  B,  and  Stearns  of  Company  C, 
were  badly  wounded.  Several  enlisted  men  were  also 
more  or  less  severely  wounded,  and  twenty  were 
taken  prisoners. 

On  the  28th  of  May  the  division  left  Bermuda  Hun 
dred  on  transports,  with  orders  to  report  to  Gen.  W.  F. 
Smith,  commanding  the  Eighteenth  Corps,  which  was 
ordered  to  report  to  Gen.  Meade,  commanding  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac.  They  landed  at  White  House, 
on  the  Pamunkey  river,  and  there  marched  to  Cold 
Harbor,  on  the  3d  of  June,  where  they  arrived  the 
morning  after  the  battle.  Eight  days  of  living  and 
fighting  in  the  trenches  followed,  when  on  the  12th  the 
Eighteenth  Corps  was  ordered  back  to  White  House,  and 
the  next  day  went  on  boats  down  the  Pamunkey  and 
York  rivers  and  up  the  James  to  Bermuda  Hundred. 

On  the  16th  of  June  the  Corps  crossed  the  Appomat- 
tox  at  Broadway  Landing,  and  marched  directly  to  the 
defenses  of  Petersburg.  The  outworks  were  hand 
somely  taken  by  colored  troops,  and  a  heavy  line  of 
earthworks  developed,  extending  from  the  river  over  an 
interval  and  along  the  bluff,  two  miles  from  the  city. 
The  corps  was  formed  in  line,  the  colored  troops  on 
the  left,  and  the  division  temporarily  commanded  by 


244  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Gen.  Brooks  next.  It  lay  under  fire  until  five  o'clock 
in  the  afternoon,  then  made  a  charge  and  captured  the 
works.  Col.  Bell's  brigade  took  one  hundred  and 
twenty-five  prisoners  and  several  pieces  of  artillery. 
Gen.  Smith  rode  up  and  complimented  the  men  for 
their  gallantry.  From  the  16th  of  June,  until  the  sur 
render  of  Lee  in  April  of  the  succeeding  year,  Gen. 
Grant's  shattered  but  unflinching  army,  stretching 
along  from  the  Appomattox  to  a  point  beyond  the 
"Weldon  Railroad,  fought  many  bloody  battles  and  en 
dured  untold  hardships. 

The  brigade  returned  to  Bermuda  Hundred  on  the 
18th,  but  was  ordered  back  to  the  lines  before  Peters 
burg,  arriving  there  on  the  23d.  For  thirty-six  days 
Col.  Bell's  brigade  remained  in  one  position,  on  the  left 
of  what  was  afterward  named  Fort  Stedman,  and  join 
ed  the  Ninth  Corps.  The  advance  picket  trench  was 
within  two  rods  of  the  enemy,  the  main  line  being  a 
short  distance  in  the  rear.  An  attempt  to  capture  the 
enemy's  advance  trench  was  made  on  the  30th  of  June. 
Col.  Bell  opened  a  furious  fire  from  the  picket  line, 
while  another  brigade  was  to  charge.  There  was  a 
blunder  somewhere,  and  the  result  was  a  heavy  loss  and 
nothing  gained.  The  regiment  lost  fifty  men  in  killed 
and  wounded,  while  performing  ordinary  trench  duty. 
This  was  one  of  the  darkest  times  during  the  rebellion — 
thousands  of  noble  men  lost,  and  not  a  complete  vic 
tory  gained.  Only  once  was  there  a  cessation  of  fire. 
One  morning  the  "Yanks"  and  "Johnnies"  simultane 
ously  dropped  their  rifles,  and  in  a  minute  were  together 
swapping  coffee  for  tobacco,  and  pleasantly  chatting 
together. 

The  regiment  took  part  in  the  famous  battle  of  the 
"  Mine,"  on  the  30th  of  July.  The  previous  night  the 
Division,  under  command  of  Gen.  Turner,  was  quietly 
withdrawn  from  the  front  and  massed  in  rear  of  and 


FO  UR  TH  REGIMENT.  245 

near  the  covered  way  leading  to  the  Mine.  About  half- 
past  four  o'clock  in  the  morning  the  earth  was  shaken 
by  the  explosion,  and  the  artillery  immediately  opened. 
It  was  a  grand  commencement,  and  seemed,  as  a  man 
remarked,  "  like  forty-four  Fourths  of  July  rolled  into 
one."  The  crater  of  the  blown  up  fort  was  quickly 
taken  by  a  part  of  the  Mnth  Corps,  in  which  was  the 
Sixth,  Kinth  and  Eleventh  ISTew  Hampshire.  Col.  Bell's 
brigade  advanced  on  the  right  and  took  a  position  under 
a  terrible  enfilading  fire  from  a  battery  just  across  a 
ravine,  on  a  knoll.  Men  were  literally  mowed  down, 
and  lay  dead  as  if  in  ranks.  A  sharp  fire  upon  the  rebel 
gunners  saved  them  from  greater  loss.  A  division  of 
colored  troops  was  ordered  up,  but  they  had  never  been 
under  a  heavy  fire  before,  and  acted  very  much  like 
other  raw  troops.  The  plan  was  to  charge  immediately, 
but  something  was  wrong,  and  the  troops  suffered  for 
the  blunder.  The  air  seemed  filled  with  bursting  shells, 
the  hiss  of  canister,  and  the  shriek  of  raking  grape. 
The  heat  was  intense,  and  many  men  fell  from  sun 
stroke.  The  rebels  made  an  advance  in  strong  force, 
the  negroes  became  panic  stricken,  and  instead  of  re 
treating,  mixed  up  in  awful  confusion.  They  formed  a 
breastwork  for  the  rebels,  for  to  fire  was  to  hit  them, 
and  to  advance  was  impossible.  It  seemed  an  easy  thing 
to  beat  back  the  rebels  if  the  negroes  had  been  out  of 
the  way.  This  delay  gave  the  enemy  the  advantage, 
and  so  the  Fourth  retreated  to  the  intrenched  line.  Col. 
Bell  reformed  his  brigade,  planted  the  colors  on  the 
earthworks,  and  held  the  line  until  relieved,  at  four 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  by  Gen.  Stevens'  brigade.  The 
regiment  lost  fifty  out  of  two  hundred  men,  in  killed 
and  wounded.  Capt.  Clough,  commanding  the  regi 
ment,  was  wounded  when  the  retreat  commenced,  and 
Capt.  Parker  took  command.  That  night  the  regiment 
took  its  old  Dosition  in  the  trench,  and  the  next  day 


246  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

marched  to  Bermuda  Hundred,  under  a  burning  sun, 
from  which  the  tired  soldiers  suffered  very  much.  Here 
the  regiment  had  twelve  days  of  rest,  except  their  turn 
on  picket. 

Another  movement  was  to  be  made  north  of  the 
James,  simultaneously  with  one  on  the  "Weldon  Railroad. 
The  Tenth  Corps  crossed  the  river  in  the  night  of  the 
13th  of  August,  and  at  break  of  day  the  leading  brigade 
took  the  enemy's  outer  line  of  works.  The  negroes 
handsomely  redeemed  their  reputation,  which  had  suf 
fered  at  the  Mine,  by  making  a  successful  charge.  The 
Fourth  was  engaged  all  day  in  skirmishing.  The  next 
day  a  movement  was  made  to  get  in  rear  of  the  enemy's 
line  at  Malvern  Hill,  which  was  accomplished  by  Grant's 
well  known  flanking  operations.  One  brigade  was 
kept  closely  skirmishing  with  the  enemy,  while  another 
moved  around  to  the  right.  A  sorry  accident  closed 
the  incidents  of  the  day.  Tirn  Reardon,  a  tall  Milesian, 
of  Company  G,  mistaking  the  position  of  our  forces, 
rode  into  the  enemy's  lines  with  sixteen  canteens  of 
whisky;  "a  drop  of  comfort"  for  the  Johnnies,  but  a 
sad  mistake  for  poor  Tim  and  his  expectant  comrades. 
During  the  night,  while  guarding  one  of  the  main  thor 
oughfares  leading  to  Richmond,  Lieut.  Stephen  J.  Went- 
worth,  of  Company  K,  a  brave  young  officer,  fell  while 
leading  his  company  forward  as  skirmishers,  in  a  sharp 
encounter  with  the  enemy  who  made  their  appearance 
in  a  thick  wood. 

On  the  morning  of  the  16th  Gen.  Terry's  Division,  in 
a  gallant  charge,  took  a  strong  line  of  works  in  the  rear 
of  Malvern  Hill.  The  enemy  advanced  in  strong  force 
and  attempted  to  recapture  the  line.  The  division 
slowly  withdrew  behind  the  breastworks,  but  with  heavy 
loss.  The  enemy  closely  followed,  and  charged  fiercely 
on  the  line  of  works,  but  were  sent  quickly  back  with 
broken  ranks.  Several  officers  in  command  of  the  brig- 


FO  UR TH  REGIMENT.  247 

ade,  were  wounded,  and  Capt.  Parker,  of  the  Fourth, 
succeeded  to  the  command,  and  while  the  forward  move 
ment  was  being  made,  directed  the  change  of  position ; 
but  in  his  turn  was  disabled  by  a  severe  wound  in  the 
neck,  just  as  the  enemy  were  repulsed.  A  second 
charge  was  made  by  the  rebels  with  more  success.  The 
Fourth  lost  in  the  action  forty-five  men  killed  and 
wounded.  Capt.  Hobbs,  of  Company  A,  took  command 
of  the  regiment,  and  the  Tenth  Corps  shortly  withdrew 
to  Bermuda  Hundred.  A  captain  was  in  command  of 
the  brigade,  and  only  one  captain  was  left  for  duty  in 
the  Fourth  Regiment. 

After  a  few  days  of  rest  the  Second  Division  was 
again  moved  to  the  front  of  Petersburg,  and  took  posi 
tion  under  the  constant  dropping  of  iron  and  lead  from 
the  rebel  lines.  The  time  of  enlistment  of  the  original 
men  expired  on  the  18th  of  September,  when  Lieut. 
Col.  Drew,  several  other  officers,  and  one  hundred  and 
seventy-four  enlisted  men  took  their  departure  for  New 
Hampshire.  Of  the  three  hundred  and  eighty-eight 
who  re-enlisted  in  February,  and  over  seven  hundred 
recruits,  only  a  small  number  remained  fit  for  duty, 
and  at  the  attack  on  Fort  Gilmer,  on  the  29th  of  Sep 
tember,  only  forty  men  could  be  mustered  for  the  fight. 
This  was  one  of  the  most  bloody  battles  in  which  the 
regiment  was  ever  engaged.  Until  near  the  middle  of 
December  the  Fourth  was  engaged  in  picket  and  trench 
dut}-  north  of  the  James, 

On  the  12th  of  December,  an  expedition  against  Fort 
Fisher  having  been  planned,  a  fleet  with  a  large  num 
ber  of  troops  on  board,  left  Hampton  Roads,  and  landed 
on  the  24th.  After  a  careful  survey  Gen.  "Weitzel  decid 
ed  that  the  fort  was  impregnable  by  direct  assault,  and 
the  expeditionary  corps  returned  to  their  former  position 
north  of  the  James,  and  went  into  winter  quarters  near 
the  picket  line.  A  second  expeditionary  corps  against 


248  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Fort  Fisher  was  organized,  in  which.  Gen.  Terry  was 
to  command,  and  Gen.  Ames  was  to  do  the  hard  fight 
ing,  composed  of  troops  who  had  shown  valor  under 
the  most  trying  circumstances.  Every  man  of  the 
Fourth  Regiment,  capable  of  doing  duty,  was  brought 
into  the  ranks,  and  the  regiment  was  commanded  by 
Capt.  John  H.  Roberts.  On  the  13th  of  January,  1865, 
the  fleet  moved  into  line  and  opened  fire.  The  troops 
were  landed  through  a  heavy  surf  on  a  hard  beach, 
about  five  miles  north  of  the  fort.  Gen.  Paine's  di 
vision  and  Gen.  Abbott's  brigade  were  sent  to  prevent 
an  advance  from  the  enemy  above.  Gen.  Ames  formed 
his  division  across  the  narrow  tongue  of  land  which 
separates  Cape  Fear  river  from  the  ocean,  and  moved 
forward  about  two  miles  toward  the  fort,  where  he 
threw  up  a  hasty  line  of  works  and  made  a  careful 
reconnoissance.  The  bombardment,  scarcely  paralleled 
in  history,  which  paved  Fort  Fisher  with  iron,  con 
tinued  without  cessation  till  three  o'clock  on  the  after 
noon  of  the  15th.  This  was  one  of  the  very  strongest 
of  the  rebel  works,  and  it  was  to  be  determined  whether 
or  not  it  could  be  taken  ;  and  this  little  veteran  division, 
consisting  of  men  from  New  Hampshire,  N"ew  Tork, 
Pennsylvania  and  Indiana,  led  by  Gen.  Ames,  had 
this  momentous  question  entrusted  to  their  hands.  It 
was  a  duty  to  make  the  stoutest  heart  quail.  A  force 
of  marines  at  first  charged  the  sea-face  of  the  fort,  and 
were  repulsed  after  a  gallant  fight.  Just  at  the  instant 
when  the  rebel  garrison  were  crowding  to  the  sea-face, 
exultant  with  their  victory,  and  pouring  their  fire  into 
the  retreating  marines,  Gen.  Curtis'  brigade  dashed 
forward  upon  the  angle  near  Cape  Fear  river,  closely 
followed  by  Pennypaeker's  and  Bell's  brigades.  The 
movement  was  successful.  The  gate  and  one  mound 
were  gamed,  though  the  road  to  the  former  lay  over  a 
broken  bridge,  enfiladed  and  crossed  by  a  murderous 


FO  UR  TH  REGIMENT.  249 

fire.  Gallantly  leading  his  brigade,  Col.  Bell  had  almost 
gained  the  bridge,  when  a  shot  struck  him,  and  he  fell 
mortally  wounded.  A  moment  later  and  the  tattered 
colors  of  his  regiment  were  planted  on  the  first  mound 
of  the  fort.  Thus  fell  the  Colonel  of  the  Fourth  New 
Hampshire,  dearly  beloved  and  deeply  mourned  by  his 
brigade.  Dignified,  yet  genial;  brave,  yet  cautious; 
never  sacrificing  lives  uselessly;  ever  ready  to  share 
danger  and  hardship  with  his  men;  no  influence  or 
peril  could  deter  him  from  doing  his  duty,  or  shake 
a  resolution  once  formed. 

The  gate  and  captured  mound  formed  the  base  of 
operations  against  the  rest  of  the  fort,  though  to  any 
but  iron  nerved  men  it  would  have  proved  but  a  slen 
der  foothold ;  for  the  rebels  still  had  the  advantage  of 
superior  numbers — twelve  mounds  to  one,  and  Fort 
Buchanan  below,  to  rake  the  inside  of  the  work. 
Admiral  Porter  kept  up  a  continued  and  harassing 
fire.  The  division  fought  with  the  greatest  desperation. 
The  fire  of  the  enemy  was  well  directed  and  incessant. 
The  contest  continued  till  after  ten  o'clock  in  the 
evening,  and  nine  of  the  traverses  were  taken.  The 
men  were  almost  exhausted  and  the  ranks  were  fear 
fully  decimated.  The  enemy's  fire  had  almost  ceased 
when  Gen.  Abbott's  brigade  entered  the  fort,  and  the 
remainder  of  the  rebels  soon  after  surrendered.  The 
fierce  and  prolonged  struggle  was  over,  and  victory  was 
proclaimed  by  a  blaze  of  rockets  from  the  fleet  and  the 
triumphant  cheers  of  the  men  on  shore.  Instances  of 
individual  gallantry  in  the  Fourth  Regiment  were 
numerous,  and  many  of  them  will  never  be  known  to 
the  world.  Capt.  Roberts,  who  had  been  in  every 
battle,  siege  and  march  of  the  regiment,  was  very 
active  and  efficient  throughout  the  fight.  Adjutant 
Challis  was  disabled  in  the  first  of  the  fight  by  a  piece 
of  shell,  but  recovered  in  time  to  assist  in  taking  the 


250  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

fifth  traverse,  in  which  were  rallied  the  colors  of  seven 
different  regiments  within  the  space  of  a  few  feet. 
There  was  a  terrible  conflict  to  gain  ftie  seventh,  and 
quite  a  number  of  attempts  had  failed,  when  Adjutant 
Challis  collected  thirty-five  men  from  the  several  regi 
ments  of  the  division,  and  charged  directly  upon  the 
rebel  garrison.  The  fight  was  short,  desperate  and 
successful.  Color  Sergeant  Plumer,  who  had  planted 
the  flag  on  the  first  mound,  now,  in  advance  of  all, 
placed  the  broken  standard  on  the  eighth  mound,  so 
near  the  rebel  flag  that  the  stars  and  stripes  actually 
flapped  against  the  southern  cross.  About  this  time 
he  fell  badly  wounded.  Capt.  Huckins,  of  Company  K, 
was  specially  complimented  for  his  coolness  and  efficien 
cy  while  acting  upon  the  staff  of  Gen.  Ames,  who  was 
the  leader  and  guide  of  every  movement  of  the  contest. 
That  night,  as  all  that  were  left  of  the  Fourth  Xew 
Hampshire  were  sleeping  over  a  magazine,  it  suddenly 
exploded,  thus  adding  to  the  already  long  list  of 
casualties. 

The  regiment  remained  at  Fort  Fisher  until  the  llth 
of  February,  when  the  advance  on  Wilmington  was 
commenced.  Capt.  Parker,  who  had  been  wounded 
at  Deep  Bottom,  had  been  commissioned  Lieutenant 
Colonel,  and  having  recovered  from  his  wound,  returned 
to  the  regiment  and  assumed  command.  The  rebel 
forces  under  Gen.  Hoke  were  stationed  at  Sugar  Loaf 
Battery,  about  two  miles  from  the  Union  picket  line. 
A  night  expedition,  planned  to  get  into  their  rear, 
failed.  Ames'  division  was  ordered  to  Smithfield,  on 
the  opposite  side  of  Cape  Fear  river,  where  they  joined 
Gen.  Cox's  division  of  the  Twenty-third  Corps,  and  by 
a  rapid  movement  on  the  night  of  the  18th,  invested 
Fort  Anderson,  just  in  time  to  find  it  evacuated,  and 
the  garrison  of  three  thousand  men  gone.  They  were 
pursued  and  fled  beyond  Wilmington,  leaving  the  city 


FO  UR  TH  REGIMENT.  251 

in  the  possession  of  the  Union  army.  Here  the  regiment 
had  a  period  of  needed  rest.  On  the  10th  of  March 
the  Tenth  Corps  marched  to  join  Gen.  Sherman  on 
information  that  he  had  arrived  at  Fayetteville.  Sher 
man's  whole  army  passed  the  Corps  at  Cox's  Bridge, 
fresh  from  their  battle  and  victory  at  Averysboro. 
After  a  short  rest  the  Tenth  Corps  was  detailed  to  open 
and  guard  the  railroad  from  Wilmington  .to  Golds- 
borough.  The  Fourth  was  stationed  along  the  road 
between  Wilmington  and  Little  Washington.  Supplies 
having  been  forwarded  to  the  main  army,  the  whole 
force  once  more  pushed  on  to  finish  the  enemy.  Lieut. 
Col.  Parker  and  Adjutant  Challis  were  captured  when 
a  short  distance  outside  the  picket  line,  by  a  squad  of 
Wheeler's  cavalry;  thus  being  afforded  the  pleasure 
of  seeing  the  rebel  army  collapse,  when  the  news  was 
received  of  Lee's  surrender. 

Through  the  exertions  of  Gov.  Frederick  Smyth,  the 
Fourth  was  mustered  out,  and  arrived  home  on  the 
27th  of  August.  The  city  of  Manchester  gave  them  a 
grand  reception.  Gov.  Smith  welcomed  the  regiment 
in  an  eloquent  speech. 

One  hundred  and  forty  veterans  returned  with  the 
regiment.  Fifty  were  mustered  out  in  hospitals. 
During  the  four  years  1394  men  were  members  of 
the  Fourth.  Of  these  282  were  killed  in  action  or  died 
of  disease ;  340  were  discharged  for  disability  occasion 
ed  by  wounds  or  disease,  and  57  died  in  rebel  prisons. 
Thus  after  four  years  of  arduous  and  honorable  service, 
the  Fourth  Regiment  ceased  to  exist  as  an  organization, 
and  its  members  returned  to  their  peaceful  avocations. 


252  THE  GREAT  REBELLION 

FIFTH  REGIMENT. 


The  Fifth  Regiment  was  raised  under  the  same  call 
and  paid  the  same  bounty  as  the  Third  and  Fourth.  It 
rendezvoused  and  was  mustered  into  the  United  States 
service  at  Concord,  its  muster  being  completed  on  the 
26th  of  October,  1861,  and  reported  ready  for  active  ser 
vice.  The  whole  organization  numbered  ten  hundred 
and  ten,  including  a  good  band  and  a  corps  of  buglers, 
attached  to  each  company,  and  it  left  the  State  for  the 
seat  of  war,  on  the  29th  of  October.  The  colors  were 
presented  by  Gov.  Berry,  and  received  by  Col.  Cross 
with  appropriate  and  earnest  speeches.  Previous  to  the 
day  of  departure  the  men  were  given  three  days  fur 
lough,  in  which  to  visit  their  homes  and  friends,  and  to 
many  of  them  it  was,  alas,  their  last  visit.  The  following 
were  the  field,  staff  and  company  officers  of  the  regi 
ment,  and  their  record,  during  its  term  of  service  : 

FIELD   AND    STAFF   OFFICERS. 

COLONELS — Edward  E.  Cross,  of  Lancaster. 

Killed  at  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863. 

Charles  E..Hapgood,  of  Amherst. 

Wounded  July  16,  1864.     Honorably  discharged  Oct.  14,  1864. 

Richard  E.  Cross,  of  Lancaster. 

Revoked  April  29,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonels — Samuel  G.  Langley,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Dec.  1,  18G2. 

Charles  E.  Hapgood,  of  Amherst. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  July  3,  1863. 

Richard  E.  Cross,  of  Lancaster. 

Cashiered  Aug.  4,  1864.     Disability  resulting  from  dismissal  removed,  Jan. 
16,  1865.     Appointed  Colonel  Feb.  21,  1865. 

James  E.  Larkin,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  12,  1864 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  253 

Welcome  A.  Crafts,  of  Milan. 

Appointed  Colonel  U.  S.  V.  by  brevet,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct 
during  the  war,  to  date  from  March  13,  1865.  Mustered  out  as  Lieut.  Colonel 
June  28,  1865. 

Majors — William  W.  Cook,  of  Derry. 

Resigned  July  17,  1862. 

Edward  E.  Sturtevant,  of  Concord. 

Killed  at  Fredericksburg  Dec.  13,  1862. 

James  E.  Larkin,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Sept.  6,  186*1. 

"Welcome  A.  Crafts,  of  Milan. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Oct.  28,  1864. 

Thomas  L.  Livermore,  of  Milford. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  18th  N.  H.  Regt.  Jan.  17, 1865. 

Adjutants — Charles  Dodd,  of  Boston,  Mass. 

Resigned  June  13,  1863. 

Elias  H.  Marston,  of  North  Hampton. 

Mustered  out  October  22,  1864. 

James  W.  Flood. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

Quartermasters — Edward  M.  Webber,  of  Somersworth. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  25,  1864. 

Owen  T.  Cummings,  of  Enfield. 

Declined  March  15,  1864. 

Surgeons — Luther  M.  Knight,  of  Franklin. 

Resigned  May  28,  1863. 

John  W.  Buckman,  of  Lancaster. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  26,  1864. 

William  Child,  of  Bath. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

Ass't  Surgeons — John  W.  Buckman,  of  Lancaster. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  June  1,  1863. 

William  Child,  of  Bath. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  Oct.  28,  1864. 

Charles  M.  Trask,  of  Stewartstown. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  27,  1864. 

D.  A.  Robinson,  of  Milan. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

Chaplains — Elijah  R.  Wilkins,  of  Lisbon. 

Resigned  June  18,  1862. 

Milo  M.  Ransom,  of  Lisbon. 

Resigned  Jan.  27,  1863. 

Silas  F.  Dean,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 


254  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Sergeant  Majors — Daniel  K.  Cross,  of  Hanover. 

Promoted  to  Seconji  Lieut.  Feb.  23,  1862. 

George  A.  Gay,  of  Newmarket. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Sept.  11,  1862 

Charles  F.  Liscomb,  of  Lebanon. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Oct.  1,  1862. 

Lee  C.  Sears,  of  ISTew  York  City. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Dec.  14,  1862. 

Charles  A.  Hale. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  March  1,  1863. 

Elias  H.  Marston,  of  North  Hampton. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  July  1,  1863. 

Mason  W.  Humphrey,  of  Water bnry,  Vt. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Oct.  2,  1863. 

Benjamin  S.  Wilson,  of  Hillsborough. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  1st.  U.  S.  Vols.,  Oct.  28,  1863. 

Edward  Lussoy. 

Died  of  wounds. 

Eufus  K  Pearl. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865 

Quartermaster  Sergeants — John  A.  Duren,  of  Keene. 

irromoted  to  Second  Lieut.  April  21,  1863. 

Owen  T.  Cummings,  of  Enfield. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  29,  1864. 

Albert  Gill. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

Commissary  Sergeants — I.  W.  Hammond,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  28,  1864. 

Levi  Johnson,  of  Claremont. 

Discharged  by  order  of  War  Department,  May  30,  1865. 

Jonas  Adams. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

Hospital  Stewards — Charles  M.  Trask,  of  Stewartstown. 

Promoted  to  Assistant  Surgeon  June  1,  1863. 

Edwin  A.  Knight, 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

Principal  Musicians — Daniel  Johnson. 

Not  officially  accounted  for. 

Ephraim  McDaniel. 

Discharged  for  disability  Oct.  31,  1862. 

Addison  W.  Heath. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  29,  1864. 

Enoch  Clement. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  255 

Alfred  A.  Libby. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

Leader  of  Band — Addison  Adams,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  8,  1862. 
COMPANY   OFFICERS. 

Co.  A. — Captains — Edward  E.  Sturtevant,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Major  July  30,  1862. 

James  E.  Larkin,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Major  July  3,  1863. 

O'Neill  R.  Twitchell,  of  Dummer. 

Mustered  out -June  28,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — James  E.  Larkin,  of  'Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  31,  1862. 

John  W.  Bean,  of  Dan  bury. 

Prumoted  to  Captain  Dec.  16,  1862. 

Charles  E.  Liscomb,  of  Lebanon. 

Died  Jan.  5,  1864. 

John  W.  Crosby,  of  Milford. 

Honorably  discharged  July  24,  1864. 

Warren  Ryder. 

Killed  April  7,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Stephen  E.  Twombly,  of  Milton. 

Resigned  May  10,  1862. 

Albert  G.  Cummings,  of  Enfield. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  Nov.  10,  1862. 

"William  0.  Lyford,  of  Laoonia. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  2,  1863. 

Ruel  G.  Austin,  of  Claremont. 

Died  July  27,  1863. 

George  L.  Hersom,  of  Milton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  2, 1864. 

Co.  B. — Captains — Edmund  Brown,  of  Lancaster. 

Discharged  Feb.  2, 1862. 

Thomas  J.  Rice,  of  Boston,  Mass. 

Resigned  Sept.  10, 1862. 

Welcome  A.  Crafts,  of  Milan. 

Promoted  to  Major,  Sept.  6,  1864. 

Henry  S.  Hilliard,  of  Stewartstown. 

Captured  April  7,  1865.     Re-captured  April  10,  1865.     Mustered  out  June 
28, 1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Welcome  A.  Crafts,  of  Milan. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Sept  11,  1862. 


256  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

John  S.  Kicker,  of  Milton. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  Dec.  18, 1862. 

Augustus  D.  Sanborn,  of  Franklin. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  Feb.  1,  1864. 

George  R.  Shapleigb,  of  Rollinsford. 

Killed  in  action  June  16,  1864. 

Cbarles  Jenkins. 

Discharged  for  disability,  Feb.  18,  1865. 

Jobn  G.  Simonds. 

Discharged  for  disability,  May,  15,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — R.  R.  Somes,  of  Laconia. 

Promoted  to  First.  Lieut.  Feb.  16,  1862. 

James  "W.  Parks,  of  New  York  City. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  8,  1862. 

O'Neill  R.  Twitchell,  of  Dummer. 

Promoned  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  18,  1862. 

Robert  S.  Dame,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  3,  1863. 

John  A.  Duren  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  1,  1863. 

Henry  S.  Hilliard,  of  Stewartstown. 

Dismissed  Oct.  10,  1864.     Disability  resulting  from  dismissal  removed  Dec. 
13,  1864. 

Elijah  F.  Harden. 

Mustered  out,  June  28,  1865. 

Co.  C. — Captains — James  B.  Perry,  of  Lebanon. 

Killed  at  Fredericksburg,  Dec.  13,  1862. 

John  S.  Bicker  of  Milton. 

Promoted  to  Major,  March  15,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Nathan  H.  Randlett,  of  Lebanon. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  Sept.  8,  1862. 

James  W.  Parks,  of  New  York  City. 

Resigned  Jan.' 13,  1863. 

Everett  S.  Fitch,  of  Lebanon. 

Wounded  June  3,  1863.     Promoted  to  Captain,  July  1,  1864. 

George  S.  Gove,  of  Raymond. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  12,  1864. 

Ira  T.  Bronson. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Wm.  A.  Moore,  of  Littleton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.,  Feb.  1,  1862. 

John  W.  Lawrence,  of  Claremont. 

Resigned  Oct.  23,  1862. 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  257 

Everett  S.  Fitch,  of  Lebanon. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  1,  1863. 

Mason  "W".  Humphrey,  of  Waterbury,  Yt. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  1,  1864. 

John  W.  Spaulding,  of  Claremont. 

Wounded  June  3,  1864.     Honorably  discharged  Nov.  5,  1864. 

George  Yazier. 

Revoked  June  2,  1863. 

Co.  D. — Captains — John  Murray,  of  Newcastle. 

Killed  at  Fredericksburg  Dec.  13,  1862. 

Samuel  S.  Quinn,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  Feb.  17,  1863. 

George  F.  Goodwin,  of  Lebanon,  Me. 

Killed  at  Cold  Harbor,  June  3,  1864. 

Everett  S.  Fitch,  of  Lebanon. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  12,  1864. 

First  Lieuts.— Geo.  W.  Balloch,  of  Great  Falls. 

Promoted  to  Captain  and  C.  S.  Vols.,  July  21,  1862.     Breveted  Colonel 
July  22,  1865,  to  date  from  March  13,  1865. 

Daniel  K.  Cross,  of  Hanover. 

Transferred  to  Co.  G. 

Samuel  S.  Quinn,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  Dec.  17,  1862. 

Nathaniel  F.  Low,  of  Randolph. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  30,  1864. 

Thomas  Waburton. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Samuel  F.  Varney,  of  Rochester. 

Resigned  April  13,  1862. 

John  S.  Ricker,  of  Milton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  11,  1862. 

George  A.  Gay,  of  Newmarket. 

Killed  at  Antietam,  Sept.  17,  1862. 

Charles  F.  Liscomb,  of  Lebanon. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  19,  1862. 

Nathaniel  F.  Low,  of  Randolph. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  1,  1863. 

George  R.  Shapleigh,  of  Rollinsford. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  1,  1864. 

"William  Whittaker,  of  Stoddard. 

Discharged  Nov.  10,  1864. 

Co.  E. — Captains — Ira  McL.  Barton,  of  Newport. 

Resigned  Sept.  6,  1862. 


258  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Nathan  II.  Eandlett,  of  Lebanon. 

Honorably  discharged  March  2,  1863. 

Thomas  L.  Livermore,  of  ftilford. 

Promoted  to  Major  Oct.  28,  1864 

John  R.  McCrillis. 

Discharged  for  disability  May  4,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Thomas  J.  Rice,  of  Boston,  Mass. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  16,  1862. 
William  A.  Moore,  of  Littleton. 

Transferred  to  Co.  F  May  11,  1862. 

Dexter  G.  Reed,  of  Newport. 

Resigned  Nov.  6,  1862. 

Sumner  F.  Hurd.  of  Newport 

Resigned  May  2,  1863. 

Charles  A.  Hale,  of  Lebanon. 

Honorably  discharged  Aug.  11,  1864. 

Charles  E.  Ellerback. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Dexter  GT.  Reed,  of  Newport. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  11,  1862. 
Sumner  F.  Ilurd,  of  Newport. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  10,  1862. 

George  Nettleton,  of  Clareniont. 

Killed  at  Fredericksburg,  Dec.  13,  1862. 

William  McGee,  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  16,  1863. 

Sampson  W.  Townsend,  of  Wakefield. 

Wounded  July  3,  1864.     Honorably  discharged  Sept.  6,  1864. 

Co.  F. — Captains — Horace  T.  II.  Pierce,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  Jan.  29,  1863. 

Albert  G.  Cummings,  of  Enlield. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864. 

Charles  A.  Hale,  of  Lebanon. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

First  Lieuts.— Moses  W.  Rand,  of  Gorham. 

Resigned  April  26,  1862. 

William  A.  Moore,  of  Littleton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  10,  18G2. 

Albert  G.  Cummings,  of  Entield. 

Promoted  to  Captain  March  1,  1863. 

Joseph  B.  Fay,  of  Amherst, 

Mustered  out  Oct.  28,  1864. 

George  F.  Guppy,  of  Rochester.  , 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  1,  1865. 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  259 

Second  Lieuts. — Samuel  S.  Quinn,  of  Keene. 

Promote,!  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  1,  1862. 

George  F.  Goodwin,  of  Lebanon,  Me. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  1 7,  1862. 

Lee  C.  Sears. 

Died  Jan.  11,  1863. 

Joseph  B.  Fay,  of  Amherst. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  3,  1868. 

George  Vose,  of  Amherst. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  29,  1864. 

Oo.  G. — Captains — Charles  H.  Long,  of  Claremont. 

Resigned  Nov.  6,  1862. 

Jacob  "W.  Keller,  of  Claremont. 

Honorably  discharged  Jan.  26,  1864 

Augustus  D.  Sanboru,  of  Franklin. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  30,  1864 
"William  Collins. 

Wounded  severely  April  7,  1865.     Died  of  wounds  April  29,  1865 

First  Lieuts. — Jacob  W.  Keller,  of  Claremont. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  26,  1862. 

Samuel  S.  Quinn,  of  Keene. 

Promote  1  to  Captain  Dec.  17,  1862. 

Daniel  K.  Cross,  of  Hanover. 

Honorably  discharged  Nov.  15,  1863. 

Mason  W.  Humphrey,  of  AVaterbury  Yt. 

Killed "at  Cold  Harbor,  June  3,  1864. 

Rodney  H.  Ramsey,  of  Charlestown. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Charles  O.  Ballou,  of  Claremont. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  18,  1862. 

Daniel  K.  Cross,  of  Hanover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut,  Aug.  1,  1862. 

Samuel  B.  Little,  of  Claremont. 

Wounded  at  Fredericksburg  Dec.  13,  1 802.     Died  of  wounds  Dec.  24,  1862. 

John  W.  Crosby,  of  Milford. 

Promoted  to  First  Lient.  Jan.  6,  1864. 

Daniel  Libby,  of  Tuftonborough. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  30,  1864. 

Issachar  W.  Smith. 

Discharged  by  order  of  War  Department,  May  29, 1865. 

Co.  H. — Captains — Richard  R.  Davis,  of  AVolfeborou°'h. 

Resigned  July  25,  1862. 

William  A.  Moore,  of  Littleton. 

Killed  at  Fredericksburg,  Dec.  13,  1862. 


260 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 


Jauvrin  W.  Graves,  of  Tuftonborough. 

Honorably  discharged  Dec.  9,  1864. 

Jonathan  C.  S.  Twitchell. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1866. 

First  Lieuts.— Richard  E.  Cross,  of  Lancaster. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  17,  1862. 

Jauvrin  W.  Graves,  of  Tufionboroujjh. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  14,  1862. 

William  0.  Lyford,  of  Laconia. 

Honorably  discharged  Nov.  6,  1863. 

William  McGee,  of  Philade'lpliia,  Pa. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

Theron  A.  Farr. 

Mustered  out  June  28, 1865. 

Second  Lieuts.—J.  W.  Graves,  of  Tuftonborough. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  17,  1862! 

Henry  B.  Randall,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Resigned  Sept.  6,  1862. 

Charles  W.  Bean,  of  ^orthwood. 

Died  of  wounds  Oct.  10,  1862. 

Augustus  D.  Sanborn,  of  Franklin. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  20,  1862. 

Charles  A.  Hale,  of  Lebanon. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  2,  1863. 

Wendell  R.  Cook,  of  Clarernont. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  15,  1864. 

Benjamin  Howe. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

Co.  I. — Captains — Charles  E.  Hapgood,  of  Amherst. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Dec.  14, 1862. 

John  W.  Bean,  of  Danbury. 

Wounded  June  3,  1864.     Honorably  discharged  Sept  20,  1864. 

Augustus  J.  Hoitt,  of  Northwood. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. -—Elijah  W.  Johnson,  of  Canaan. 

Resigned  Jan.  24,  1862. 

Rinaldo  R.  Somes,  of  Laconia, 

Resigned  June  10,  1862. 

Francis  W.  Butler,  of  Bennington. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  15,  1862. 

O'Neill  R.  Twitchell,  of  Dummer. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  1,  1863. 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  261 

John  A.  Duren,  of  Keene. 

Taken  prisoner  at  Cold  Harbor,  June  3,  1864.     Released.  Mustered  out 
March  16,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  W.  Bean,  of  Danbury. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  31,  1862. 

George  W.  George,  of  Amherst. 

Honorably  discharged  March  7,  1863. 

George  C.  Flanders,  of  Danbury. 

Discharged  July  20,  1863. 

Arthur  H.  Perkins,  of  Danbury. 

Mustered  out  Nov.  6,  1864 

Isaac  L.  Gardiner, 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  5,  1865 

Co.  X. — Captains — Richard  Welch,  of  Plaistow. 

Discharged  by  War  Department  Feb.  15,  1862 

Richard  E.  Cross,  of  Lancaster. 

Promoted  to  Major  Dec.  14,  1862 

Francis  W.  Butler,  of  Bennington. 

Died  of  wounds,  July  30,  1864. 

Asel  B.  Griggs. 

Honorably  discharged  June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — James  B.  David,  of  Amherst. 

Discharged  by  War  Department  Feb.  15,  1862. 

Charles  0.  Ballon,  of  Claremont. 

Killed  at  Fredericksburg,  Dec.  13,  1862. 

Thomas  L.  Livermore,  of  Milford. 

Promoted  to  Captain  March  3,  1863. 

Robert  S.  Dame,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864. 

James  E.  Follansbee. 

Wounded  April  7,  1865.     Not  officially  accounted  for. 

Second  Lieuts. — F.  W.  Butler,  of  Bennington. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  10,  1862. 

Thomas  L.  Livermore,  of  Milford. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  14,  1862. 

Thomas  H.  "Walker,  of  Durham. 

Resigned  June  11,  1863. 

George  S.  Gove,  of  Raymond. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  1, 1864. 

Robert  H.  Chase,  of  Claremont. 

Killed  at  Ream's  Station,  Oct  6,  1864. 

"Warren  H.  Fletcher,  of  Claremont. 

Mustered  out  June  28,  1865. 


262  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 


COLONEL  EDWARD  E.  CROSg. 

Colonel  Cross  was  born  at  Lancaster  on  the  22d  of 
April,  1832.  His  father,  Hon.  Ephraim  Cross,  was  once 
a  State  Senator,  and  his  mother  was  a  daughter  of  Hon. 
Richard  C.  Everett,  of  Lancaster,  who  had  been  an 
Associate  Justice  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas. 
With  such  education  as  he  could  acquire  at  the  public 
schools  and  an  academy,  at  the  age  of  fifteen  years  Col. 
Cross  entered  the  printing  office  of  the  Coos  County 
Democrat,  published  by  Hon.  James  M.  Rix,  where  he 
remained  two  years,  when  he  went  to  Canada,  to  assist 
his  father  in  steamboat-building,  and  visited  the  cities 
and  other  places  of  interest  in  British  America.  When 
twenty  years  old  he  went  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  was 
for  a  time  employed  as  a  reporter  in  the  Atlas  office, 
and  was  afterward  local  editor  of  the  Cincinnati  Daily 
Times.  He  was  for  two  sessions  of  Congress  special 
correspondent  of  that  paper  at  Washington,  during 
which  time  he  also  wrote  spicy  letters  for  the  New 
York  Herald  and  other  influential  journals,  in  all  of 
which  he  displayed  considerable  ability  as  a  political 
and  general  writer.  "While  at  Washington  he  was 
appointed  Adjutant  of  an  Ohio  regiment  of  infantry 
raised  for  service  in  Utah,  but  for  some  reason  the 
regiment  was  not  mustered  into  service.  In  1857  Col. 
Cross  traveled  extensively  in  the  United  States  and 
Canada,  and  contributed  a  series  of  interesting  letters 
to  the  newspaper  press. 

Afterward  he  journeyed  to  the  "Plains"  of  the  far 
West,  to  the  wild  Indian  region  of  northern  Minnesota, 
and  the  country  of  the  Yellow  Medicine  River  and  the 
Upper  Missouri.  While  visiting  the  latter  places  he 
was  associated  with  a  party  of  trappers  and  buffalo  hun 
ters,  during  which  they  had  several  encounters  with  the 


* 


£nS  %  GE  Perme  N.Yorls- 


C  Q  L    E  D  WAR  D  E  .  C  R  O 
5th  NH.V 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  263 

Sioux  and  Cheyenne  Indians.  During  these  travels  Col. 
.Cross  wrote  letters  for  different  newspapers  and  pre 
pared  several  illustrated  articles  upon  travel  for  popular 
magazines.  He  also  wrote  many  sketches  and  gems  of 
poetry  over  the  signature  of  "  Richard  Everett,"  which 
were  quite  generally  admired.  In  1858,  with  a  small 
party,  he  started  for  Arazona,  with  a  view  to  establish 
ing  a  mining  company  in  that  then  newly  organized  ter 
ritory.  They  took  with  them  the  first  steam  engine  and 
printing  press  transported  across  the  Rocky  Mountains. 
Their  journey  was  seventeen  hundred  miles  in  length, 
extending  through  northern  Texas  via  El  Paso  del 
R"orte  and  La  Mesilla,  and  requiring  six  months  for  its 
accomplishment.  A  great  portion  of  the  way  lay  through 
the  wild  and  romantic  regions  of  the  Camanche  and 
Apache  Indians.  These  tribes  were  then  very  hostile 
to  the  whites,  and  the  little  company  of  pioneers  were 
in  constant  danger  of  attack.  At  one  time  Col.  Cross, 
with  five  of  his  companions  followed  a  warlike  band  of 
Apaches  for  fourteen  days,  two  of  whom  were  killed 
and  several  wounded.  In  these  skirmishes  he  won  the 
reputation  of  an  intrepid  Indian  scouter  and  fighter. 
On  one  occasion  the  party  were  three  days  without 
food  and  thirty  hours  without  water.  Finally,  rendered 
almost  insane  by  hunger,  they  came  out  on  New  Year's 
day  at  the  overland  mail  station  at  Apache  Pass  in 
Arizona.  The  expedition  was  not  successful  on  account 
of  the  limited  number  of  whites  in  the  territory  and  the 
frequent  inroads  of  hostile  tribes  of  Indians.  A  paper 
was  established  called  the  "Arizonian,"  while  editing 
which  Col.  Cross  had  difficulty  with  a  Lieut.  Mowry, 
and  by  Lira  was  challenged.  This  was  the  general  mode 
of  settling  personal  difficulties  in  that  country,  and  Col. 
Cross  did  not  feel  that  he  could  decline  the  challenge 
and  retain  the  respect  and  confidence  of  the  people 
among  whom  he  was  settled.  They  fought  with  rifles 


264  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

at  thirty  paces.  At  the  first  fire  Mowry's  ball  grazed 
Col.  Cross'  right  cheek,  while  the  ball  of  the  latter 
passed  through  the  Lieutenant's  coat.  *At  the  second 
round  Mowry's  rifle  missed  fire,  and  he  claimed  the  priv 
ilege  of  shooting  at  his  opponent  unarmed.  The  affair 
now  assumed  a  most  serious  character,  but  Col.  Cross, 
nothing  daunted,  threw  down  his  weapon  and  coolly 
folding  his  arms  stood  up  to  receive  the  fire  of  his  oppo 
nent.  Mowry,  astonished  and  impressed  at  the  noble 
conduct  of  his  adversary,  dropped  his  rifle  and  exclaimed, 
"  I  can't  fire  at  such  a  man  as  that."  Thus  the  unfor 
tunate  difficulty  happily  terminated.  This  event  secured 
for  Col.  Cross  the  reputation  of  a  man  of  the  highest 
nerve  and  bravery. 

The  state  of  society  at  Arazona  was  at  that  time 
devoid  of  law  and  order.  Lynch  courts  were  of  fre 
quent  occurrance,  and  Col.  Cross  was  often  called  to 
preside  over  them.  He  twice  crossed  the  "  Plains " 
and  visited  the  Atlantic  States,  and  took  out-  another 
mining  company  from  St.  Louis,  Missouri.  The 
national  troops  were  withdrawn  from  the  territory  of 
Arazona  and  the  Indians  became  very  troublesome. 
Several  expeditions  were  sent  out  against  them,  which 
Col.  Cross  invariably  commanded.  While  he  was  ab 
sent  on  a  march  against  the  Apaches,  a  portion  of  the 
tribe  attacked  the  mining  company  from  St.  Louis  and 
murdered  nearly  every  member  of  the  party.  During 
his  residence  in  Arazona,  Col.  Cross  took  great  pains 
to  examine  the  country,  and  collect  full  and  valuable 
notes  of  the  mineral  and  vegetable  resources  of  the 
territory.  His  notes  upon  the  character  and  habits  of 
the  roving  tribes  of  the  "  far  West "  were  very  exten 
sive,  faithfully  and  carefully  prepared,  and  included 
five  vocabularies  of  Indian  tongues.  Soon  after  the 
destruction  of  the  St.  Louis  mining  company,  Col. 
Cross  left  Arazona  and  crossed  over  the  border  into 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  265 

Mexico,  and  was  appointed  by  the  military  authorities 
of  that  country  a  "  Chef  de  Battalion  "  in  the  ranks 
of  the  Liberal  Party.  When  Fort  Sumter  was  fired 
upon  he  was  stationed  at  El  Fuerte  in  command  of  a 
large  garrison.  He  at  once  resigned  his  position  and 
made  his  way  home,  arriving  in  2s"ew  York  on  the  18th 
of  August,  1861.  Arriving  at  Concord  he  offered  his 
services  to  Governor  Berry,  and  was  commissioned 
Colonel  of  the  Fifth  Regiment  of  Volunteer  Infantry 
on  the  27th  of  September,  and  left  the  State  with  his 
regiment,  which  had  been  enlisted,  organized  and  made 
ready  for  the  field  under  his  own  most  active  personal 
supervision,  on  the  29th  of  October.  £To  regiment  went 
to  the  seat  of  war  from  iSTew  Hampshire  during  the 
four  years'  struggle  that  promised  greater  usefulness 
to  the  Union  cause  than  did  what  was  soon  designated 
and  known  throughout  the  army  as  the  "  Fighting 
Fifth,"  and  none  more  nobly  and  fully  realized  all  that 
was  expected  of  it,  and  none  from  this  or  any  other 
State  has  a  prouder  record  to  give  to  history.  Its  deeds 
of  valor  will  be  known  and  remembered  as  long  as  the 
great  rebellion  itself  is  remembered.  In  a  communica 
tion  to  Senator  Hale,  of  ^"ew  Hampshire,  Gen.  Hancock 
remarked :  "  The  conduct  of  this  regiment  has  been 
heroic :  in  the  most  important  battles  it  has  been  highly 
distinguished.  To  Col.  Cross  much  of  this  honor  is 
due ;  he  has  faithfully  disciplined  his  Regiment,  given 
it  the  highest  tone,  and  always  led  it  in  battle.  One 
of  the  most  distinguished  Generals  in  the  army  re 
marked  that  "the  Fifth  Regiment  never  changed  its 
position  under  fire,  except  towards  the  enemy."  On 
the  morning  of  the  battle  of  Autietam,  after  the  regi 
ment  had  crossed  the  Creek,  they  were  halted  and  Col. 
Cross  addressing  them  said :  "  Soldiers,  the  rebel  army 
is  in  front;  the  Potomac  is  in  their  rear.  We  must 
whip  the  enemy  this  day  or  we  shall  all  be  disgraced  and 


266  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

ruined.  I  expect  every  officer  and  soldier  to  do  his  duty 
like  a  man.  ~No  one  must  leave  the  ranks  unless  badly 
wounded.  If  I  fall  leave  me  on  the  field  until  the 
fight  is  over.  Stand  firm  and  fire  low."  The  regiment 
went  immediately  into  the  battle  and  fought  with  bra 
very  seldom  excelled.  Col.  Cross  was  struck  by  two 
pieces  of  shell;  one  over  the  right  eye,  and  one  on 
the  left  cheek,  and  his  hat  was  knocked  off,  but  with 
his  wounds  bleeding  and  a  red  silk  handkerchief  around 
his  head  he  pushed  forward,  and  the  most  desperate 
fighting  ensued.  On  this  occasion  the  Fifth  Regiment 
saved  Richardson's  division  from  being  outflanked. 
In  a  private  letter  written  on  the  battle  field,  Col.  Cross 
said  :  "  My  brave  boys,  knowing  that  all  depended  upon 
promptly  checking  the  rebels,  raised  the  wild  Indian 
yell  and  poured  an  awful  volley  into  their  ranks.  Their 
center  regiment  was  literally  smashed  to  pieces,  and 
before  they  could  rally  their  forces,  several  regiments 
hastened  to  my  assistance.  Then  came  the  most  terrific 
fighting.  I  had  been  in  seven  battles  before,  but  they 
were  nothing  in  comparison  with  Antietam.  We  shot 
down  the  rebel  color-bearers  as  fast  as  they  could  get 
up,  killed  their  officers,  broke  their  ranks  and  piled 
them  in  heaps  among  the  tall  corn.  I  never  felt  better 
in  my  life,  and  if  the  rebels  didn't  hear  the  Apache 
•war  whoop  that  day  it  was  not  my  fault,  for  I  yelled  it 
until  I  was  hoarse.  My  men  fought  nobly,  gloriously ; 
never  wavered,  never  shrank.  Not  a  man  but  the 
wounded  and  dead  fell  out.  My  officers  also  conducted 
themselves  like  heroes.  As  for  myself  I  was  hit  five 
times  but  not  seriously  injured." 

At  the  disastrous  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  on  the 
13th  of  December,  1862,  the  Fifth  Regiment  was  again 
in  the  thickest  of  the  fight,  and  lost  in  killed  and 
wounded  many  of  its  best  officers  and  bravest  men. 
Col.  Cross  was  again  wounded  by  a  piece  of  shell  which 


•FIFTH  REGIMENT.  267 

struck  near  the  heart  and  he  fell  insensible.  He  was 
brought  to  his  senses  by  another  fragment  of  a  shell 
which  struck  him  on  the  left  leg,  below  the  knee.  He 
attempted  to  crawl  along,  but  a  shell  struck  the  steel 
scabbard  of  his  saber,  split  it  open  and  knocked  him 
flat.  In  a  letter  describing  the  situation,  Col.  Cross 
afterward  wrote  :  "  Dizzy  and  faint,  I  had  sense  enough 
to  lay  myself  out  decently,  '  feet  to  the  foe.'  Two  lines 
passed  over  me,  but  soon  they  swayed  back,  trampling 
on  the  dead  and  dying.  Halting  about  thirty  yards  in 
the  rear,  one  line  laid  down  and  commenced  firing. 
Imagine  the  situation.  Right  between  two  fires  of  bul 
lets  and  shells — for  our  own  artillery  fire  from  over  the 
river  was  mostly  too  short,  and  did  great  damage  to  our 
own  troops — I  lay  on  the  field  four  hours — the  most 
awful  moments  of  my  life.  As  the  balls  from  our  lines 
hissed  over  me  within  a  foot  from  my  head,  I  covered 
my  face  with  both  hands,  and  counted  rapidly  from  one 
to  one  hundred,  expecting  every  moment  my  brains 
would  spatter  the  ground.  But  they  didn't.  My  guardi 
an  angels — if  there  be  such  personages — or  my  destiny 
saved  me.  The  end  of  my  days  was  reserved  for 
another,  and  I  hope  a  more  fortunate  occasion.  For  if 
I  am  to  die  on  the  battle-field,  I  pray  that  it  may  be 
with  the  cheers  of  victory  in  my  ears.  When  it  became 
dark,  some  of  my  men  found  me  and  I  was  carried  to 
the  hospital." 

The  Fifth  Regiment  was  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg, 
on  the  2d  and  3d  of  July,  1863,  and  it  was  there  that 
Col.  Cross  was  mortally  wounded.  He  was  in  command 
of  a  brigade,  as  he  had  been  in  several  other  hardly 
contested  battles.  At  about  six  o'clock  in  the  afternoon 
of  the  2d,  while  rallying  his  brigade  in  the  most  gallant 
manner,  in  the  streets  of  the  town,  a  minnie  ball  entered 
the  abdomen  and  came  out  near  the  spine,  and  after 
much  suffering,  during  which  he  was  fully  conscious,  at 


268  TEE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

twelve  o'clock  he  died.  His  last  words  were;  "I  did 
hope  I  would  live  to  see  peace  and  our  Country  restored. 
Thank  Heaven,  I  have  done  my  duty.  I  think  the  hoys 
will  miss  me.  Oh !  welcome  death  !  Say  farewell  to 
all."  His  remains  were  carried  to  his  native  town, 
Lancaster,  where  they  were  buried,  the  ceremonies 
being  conducted  by  North  Star  Lodge  of  Free  Masons. 
His  funeral  wTas  attended  by  a  very  large  concourse  of 
citizens,  most  of  whom  had  known  the  deceased  from 
boyhood. 

COLONEL  CHARLES  E.  HAPGOOD. 

Colonel  Hapgood  was  born  in  Shrewsbury,  Worcester 
-  County,  Massachusetts,  December  11, 1830.  He  is  a  son 
of  Jacob  and  Elizabeth  ( Eager )  Hapgood.  His  father 
was  for  thirty-five  years  a  celebrated  gun  manufacturer, 
at  Shrewsbury,  and  had  sales  rooms  in  Boston.  Col. 
Hapgood  was  educated  at  the  high  school  in  his  native 
town,  and  learned  the  trade  of  gun  maker,  with  his 
father.  In  1851  he  went  to  Worcester,  Mass.,  and  was 
for  seven  years  employed  in  one  of  the  largest  produce 
commission  houses  in  that  city.  In  1854  he  married 
Mary  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Charles  E.  Miles,  of 
Worcester.  In  1858,  he  removed  to  Amherst,  Hills- 
borough  County,  New  Hampshire,  and  in  company  with 
II.  E.  Abbott,  of  Worcester,  bought  out  the  store  of 
C.  B.  Tuttle,  and  entered  into  business  there  under  the 
firm  of  Hapgood  &  Abbott,  wrhich  he  continued  until 
September,  1861,  when  he  disposed  of  his  interest  in 
the  firm  to  his  partner,  with  a  view  of  entering  the 
army.  He  once  enlisted  as  a  private,  but  for  some  rea 
son  was  not  mustered.  On  the  19th  of  October,  1861, 
he  was  commissioned  Captain  of  Company  I,  in  the 
Fifth  Regiment  New  Hampshire  Volunteers,  and  was 
continually  with  his  regiment,  sharing  its  hard  marches, 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  269 

bloody  battles  and  fatigue  duty  until  July  9,  1862,  at 
which  time,  having  contracted  a  fever,  in  the  campaign 
before  Richmond,  he  was  given  leave  of  absence  on 
surgeon's  certificate.  Subsequently,  and  before  the 
expiration  of  his  leave,  Capt.  Hapgpod  was  ordered  on 
recruiting  service  in  New  Hampshire,  and  was  stationed 
at  Concord  and  other  places.  On  the  14th  of  December, 
1862,  immediately  after  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  in 
which  the  Fifth  Regiment  suffered  so  severely  in  the 
loss  of  officers  and  men,  Captain  Hapgood  was  promoted 
to  Lieutenant  Colonel,  and  at  his  own  urgent  request 
was  ordered  to  join  his  regiment,  which  he  did  on  the 
3d  of  February,  1863.  He  commanded  the  regiment  in 
the  campaign  to  Chancellorsville  and  in  the  great  fight 
at  Gettysburg,  on  the  2d  and  3d  of  July,  1863.  On  the 
3d  of  July  1863,  he  was  promoted  to  Colonel  of  his 
regiment,  in  place  of  Colonel  Cross,  killed  in  battle. 
He  was  continuously  with  his  regiment  until  June  16, 
1864,  when  he  was  severely  wounded  at  the  battle  of 
Petersburg.  After  he  had  partially  recovered  from  his 
wound,  Col.  Hapgood  was  ordered  to  Philadelphia, 
August  18,  1864,  by  the  War  Department,  as  President 
of  the  Board  of  Inspection  of  Military  Hospitals  in  the 
State  of  Pennsylvania.  He  remained  on  this  duty  until 
October  17,  1864,  when  he  was  mustered  out  by  order 
of  the  War  Department,  by  reason  of  expiration  of  his 
term  of  service. 

Col.  Hapgood  returned  to  New  Hampshire  after  being 
mustered  out  of  service,  in  a  feeble  state  of  health,  from 
his  wound  and  the  fatiguing  duty  of  his  three  years' 
service  with  one  of  the  most  active  regiments  in  the 
army.  He  was  offered  and  urged  to  accept  the  command 
of  other  regiments,  and  also  honorable  and  responsible 
positions  on  the  staff*  of  different  Major  Generals,  all  of 
which,  from  his  enfeebled  state  of  health,  and  for  other 
reasons,  he  felt  it  his  duty  to  decline.  Soon  after  his 


270  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

return  home  he  removed  to  Boston  and  entered  as  a 
partner  into  a  substantial  mercantile  firm,  and  is  now 
doing  an  extensive  and  successful  business  as  a  wool 
commission  merchant  in  that  city,  under  the  firm  name 
of  Charles  E.  Hapgood  &  Co. 

Feeling  that  his  country  needed  him  in  her  time  of 
peril,  when  the  constitution  and  laws  were  set  at  defiance, 
and  the  Union  itself  was  threatened  with  destruction  by 
misguided  men  at  the  South,  Col.  Hapgood  entered  the 
military  service  with  the  most  unselfish  and  patriotic 
motives  and  sentiments,  and  performed  every  duty  from 
first  to  last  faithfully  and  religiously.  As  a  Christian 
gentleman  he  enjoyed  the  unbounded  respect  and  confi 
dence  of  the  men  under  and  officers  over  him.  As  an 
officer  he  was  brave,  discreet,  mindful  of  the  comfort  of 
the  men  in  the  field,  and  watchful  and  tender  of  sick 
and  wounded  in  hospital,  and  set  an  example  to  all  of 
sobriety  and  probity  worthy  of  imitation. 

MAJOR   EDWARD    E.    STURTEVANT. 

The  following  biographical  notice  of  Major  Sturte- 
vant  is  taken  from  the  Adjutant  General's  Eeport  of 
1865,  and  is  eminently  deserved,  just  and  true:  In  the 
Spring  of  1861,  when  the  nation  called  for  the  services 
of  her  sons,  Major  Edward  E.  Sturtevant  was  the  first 
man  from  New  Hampshire  to  enlist  in  our  second  war 
for  independence ;  and  was  also  the  first  man  in  this 
State  to  receive  authority  to  recruit  under  the  President's 
call  for  seventy-five  thousand  three  months'  men.  His 
biographical  record  is  brief,  but  honorable  in  the  highest 
degree.  He  was  born  in  Keene,  August  7,  1826.  His 
parents,  George  W.  and  Fanny  "W.  Sturtevant  are  now 
living.  The  deceased  was  bred  to  the  occupation  of  a 
printer  in  his  native  town  ;  but  removed  to  Concord 
soon  after  completing  his  apprenticeship,  and  found 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  271 

employment  in  the  office  of  the  New  Hampshire  Courier, 
then  in  charge  of  John  C.  Wilson,  Esq.,  in  whom  he 
found  a  generous  and  faithful  friend.  He  was  subse 
quently  employed  in  the  office  of  the  Statesman,  and  at 
a  later  period  upon  the  columns  of  the  Washington 
Union,  and  the  Richmond  Dispatch,  everywhere  estab 
lishing  a  good  name  as  a  practical  printer. 

He  was  naturally,  however,  of  too  active  and  venture 
some  a  spirit  to  be  content  with  any  sedentary  employ 
ment,  and  in  1855  he  accepted  an  appointment  as  one 
of  the  police  force  for  the  city  of  Concord,  in  which 
capacity  he  won  an  enviable  reputation  for  shrewdness, 
fidelity  and  pluck.  He  held  this  position  until  the 
inauguration  of  civil  war.  Dropping  without  a  mo 
ment's  hesitation  the  pursuits  of  civil  life,  he  was  imme 
diately  appointed  a  recruiting  officer,  and  in  a  few  days, 
by  his  own  personal  influence  and  example,  he  enlisted 
two  hundred  and  twenty-six  men  and  received  a  com 
mission  as  Captain  in  the  First  Regiment  of  New  Hamp 
shire  Volunteer  Infantry. 

Major  Sturtevant  was  influenced  in  taking  up  arms, 
mainly  by  a  correct  and  thorough  appreciation  of  the 
great  principles  which  were  at  issue.  He  had,  however, 
a  natural  fondness  and  aptitude  for  military  life.  In 
former  years  he  marched  at  the  head  of  the  militia  of 
the  State  capital,  where  he  was  often  especially  com 
mended  for  the  drill  and  discipline  of  his  command. 
But  Major  Sturtevant  was  no  holiday  soldier.  He  had 
little  fondness  for  parade  and  show.  His  spirit  chafed 
at  the  inactivity  which  characterized  the  bloodless  cam 
paign  of  the  First  New  Hampshire,  and  immediately  on 
the  expiration  of  his  first  term  of  service,  he  was  ready 
again  to  take  the  field.  He  felt  that  he  had  enlisted  for 
the  war.  In  all  his  letters  to  his  friends,  he  manifested 
no  weariness  nor  impatience  in  the  service  to  which  he. 
had  devoted  his  energies — no  thought  of  turning  hi? 


272  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

back  to  the  enemy  till  death  or  victory  released  him 
from  personal  obligation  to  his  beloved  country. 

On  the  organization  of  the  "Fighting  Fifth" — an 
honorable  epithet  which  the  deceased  did  his  full  share 
to  win  and  maintain — he  was  commissioned  as  Captain 
of  Company  A.  During  the  protracted  and  harassing 
fatigue-duty  of  this  gallant  regiment,  on  every  toilsome 
march,  in  every  battle  and  skirmish,  up  to  the  hour  of 
his  death,  Major  Sturtevant  was  with  his  command. 
Could  his  nameless  grave  be  identified,  it  could  wear  no 
fitter,  no  prouder  inscription  than  "  the  Rappahannock, 
Yorktown,  Fair  Oaks,  Peach  Orchard,  Savage's  Station, 
White  Oak  Swamp,  Charles  City  Cross  Roads,  Malvern 
Hill,  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Charlestown,  Freder- 
icksburgh." 

During  the  "  seven  days  fight,"  he  was  in  command 
of  his  regiment,  and  handled  his  men  with  conspicuous 
skill  and  gallantry.  Upon  the  resignation  of  Major 
Cook,  in  July,  1862,  he  received  merited  promotion,  and 
still  further  distinction  awaited  him  at  the  hour  of  his 
untimely  death.  No  m*ivi  more  richly  deserved  it.  In 
point  of  courage,  personal  endurance  and  capacity  for 
securing  at  once  the  obedience  and  affection  of  his  men, 
he  had  no  superior  in  his  regiment.  On  the  skirmish 
line  and  on  dangerous  picket  duty,  he  especially  distin 
guished  himself.  While  his  regiment  was  building  the 
"  Grape  Vine  Bridge"  over  the  Chickahominy,  Major 
Sturtevant's  company  alone  covered  their  important 
undertaking.  Again,  in  the  brief  lull  during  the  battle 
of  Fair  Oaks,  his  command  was  nearest  the  enemy. 
From  South  Mountain  to  Antietam,  and  again  in  Mc- 
Clellan's  advance  on  Charlestown,  he  led  the  skirmish 
line.  He  loved  this  dangerous  service.  The  excitement, 
the  freedom  from  restraint,  appealed  irresistibly  to  his 
adventurous  spirit;  and  his  shrewdness,  fertility  in 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  273 

resources  and  strong  hold  on  the  affections  of  his  men 

O 

abundantly  fitted  him  for  the  position. 

He  entered  upon  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  acting 
as  Lieut.  Colonel,  with  sad  presentiments  and  yet  with 
cheerful  alacrity.  The  event  justified  his  mournful 
expectations.  The  Fifth  left  scores  of  her  bravest  and 
best  men  on  that  blood-stained  field;  but  none  braver, 
none  more  imbued  with  generous  impulses  and  manly 
devotion  than  Major  Edward  E.  Sturtevant.  The  man 
ner  of  his  death — the  place  of  his  burial  is  unknown. 
We  know  only  that  he  was  seen  on  that  fatal  field  at 
dark,  severely  wounded  by  a  minnie  ball ;  that  he  was 
buried  where  he  would  have  chosen  to  be  interred — on 
the  field  where  he  fell,  among  the  nameless  heroes  whose 
interests  he  had  ever  made  his  own.  As  has  well 
been  said,  "  a  braver  man  or  more  faithful  friend,  never 
yielded  up  his  spirit  amidst  the  clangor  of  arms  and  the 
wail  of  the  dying.  Peace  to  his  memory." 

All  the  field  officers  of  the  Fifth  Regiment  were  men 
of  military  experience  and  skill.  Col.  Cross  had  seen 
service  in  fighting  the  Indians  in  Arazona  and  the  far 
West,  and  had  recently  returned  from  an  important 
military  command  in  Mexico.  Lieut.  Colonel  Langley 
had  been  promoted  from  Adjutant  of  the  Second  Regi 
ment,  with  which  he  was  in  the  first  Bull  Run  battle ; 
and  Major  Cook  had  held  important  commissions  in  the 
Volunteer  Militia  of  Massachusetts,  and  was  an  accom 
plished  officer.  The  other  officers  of  the  staff  .and  line 
had  been  selected  for  their  peculiar  qualifications  for  the 
positions  in  which  they  were  placed.  Thus  organized 
the  regiment  gave  promise  of  efficiency  in  the  discharge 
of  any  duty  that  might  be  put  upon  it  in  the  great  war 
in  which  the  country  was  engaged. 

The  regiment  left  Concord  on  the  29th  of  October, 
and  arrived  at  Bladensburg,  Md.,  on  the  31st,  and  went 


274  THE  ORE  A  T  REBELLION. 

into  camp.  On  the  3d  of  November,  in  the  midst  of  a 
rain,  with  roads  in  a  very  bad  condition,  the  regiment 
formed  a  portion  of  Gen.  Howard's  Brigade  ordered  to 
Lowor  Marlborough,  Md.  They  marched  a  distance  of 
about  fifty  miles  in  two  days,  and  after  one  day  of  rest, 
marched  back  over  the  same  ground,  and  again  went 
into  camp  at  Bladensburg. 

On  the  27th  of  November  the  regiment  marched 
across  Long  Bridge  into  Virginia,  with  Howard's  Brig 
ade,  and  was  assigned  to  General  Sumner's  Division, 
and  went  into  camp  near  Alexandria,  at  a  place  which 
was  afterward  known  as  Camp  California.  Here  the 
regiment  went  into  winter  quarters,  where  they  remain 
ed  until  the  10th  of  March.  The  regiment  soon  com 
menced  doing  picket  and  out-post  duty  at  the  front, 
and  established  the  first  line  of  pickets  fronting  the 
enemy  at  Fairfax  Court  House.  The  men  were  thor 
oughly  drilled  in  regimental  and  brigade  drill  and  in 
bayonet  exercise.  The  commissioned  officers  were 
also  thoroughly  instructed  in  the  practical  part  of  their 
duties.  Schools  were  established  by  the  Colonel  and 
Lieutenant  Colonel  for  the  theoretical  instruction  of 
officers  and  sergeants,  during  the  winter  evenings.  A 
"common  school"  for  such  boys  in  the  regiment  as 
needed  instruction  in  the  elementary  branches,  was  also 
put  in  operation — the  necessary  books  being  donated  bv 
the  Sanitary  Commission. 

Through  the  winter  the  regiment  furnished  heavy 
details  to  build  roads,  repair  bridges  and  cut  timber. 
Measles  and  mumps  prevailed  to  an  extraordinary 
extent,  yet  from  six  to  eight  hundred  men  were  all  the 
time  fit  for  duty,  which  was  more  than  any  other  regi 
ment  in  the  entire  Division  could  turn  out. 

On  the  10th  of  March  the  Fifth  Regiment  formed  the 
advance  guard  of  Sumner's  Division,  when  it  moved 
from  Camp  California  on  Manassas,  Major  Cook  com- 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  275 

manding  the  skirmish  line.  The  march  to  "Warrenton 
was  a  severe  one  and  very  trying  to  the  men,  the  weather 
being  cold,  much  of  the  time  rainy,  and  the  roads  in 
the  most  despicable  condition,  and  almost  impassable 
for  the  men,  to  say  nothing  of  baggage  trains.  They 
had  no  tents,  wagons  or  cooking  utensils.  These  hard 
ships  were  endured  for  thirty-one  days,  and  yet  there 
were  but  very  few  men  in  the  regiment  not  fit  for  duty. 
On  the  28th  of  March  Gen.  Howard  commanded  a 
reconnoissance  in  force  from  "Warrenton  Junction  to  the 
Rappahannock  River,  eight  miles,  for  the  purpose  of 
forcing  the  enemy  to  cross  the  river  and  burn  the  rail 
road  bridge.  The  Fifth  formed  the  advance,  Lieut. 
Colonel  Lan^ley  commanding:  the  skirmish  line.  The 

O        J  £3 

enemy  were  driven  all  day,  the  bridge  and  railroad 
depot  burned,  and  the  rebel  forces  shelled  out  of  their 
position.  Here  the  regiment  first  came  under  fire — the 
skirmish  line  from  the  enemy's  riflemen,  and  the  main 
body  from  shot  and  shell.  The  behavior  of  the  Fifth  on 
this  expedition  and  its  important  service,  gained  great 
praise  from  the  commander  of  the  forces. 

On  the  4th  of  April  the  regiment  embarked  at  Alex 
andria  for  the  Peninsula,  without  having  returned  to 
Camp  California  for  tents  and  regimental  property.  On 
reaching  Ship  Point  the  men  were  obliged  to  wade  from 
the  vessel  to  the  shore,  and  camp  on  the  wet  ground, 
without  tents.  The  regiment  detailed  daily  about  three 
hundred  men  to  work  making  corduroy  road  through 
a  swamp,  and  building  bridges,  in  which  the  men 
showed  such  good  qualities  as  to  be  highly  compli 
mented  by  the  Geneial  in  command.  When  the  siege 
of  Yorktown  commenced  the  Fifth  was  sent  to  join  the 
Engineer's  Brigade,  under  General  Woodbury,  with 
which  they  performed  much  heavy  work.  They  built 
a  tower  one  hundred  feet  high  and  forty  feet  base,  of 
heavy  timber,  for  an  observatory  at  General  Headquar- 


276  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

ters  which  was  about  completed  when  the  enemy  evacu 
ated  Yorktown.  .   -     9 

The  next  day  after  the  evacuation  of  Yorktown  the 
regiment  marched  for  Williamsburg.  They  started  just 
at  dark,  in  the  midst  of  a  severe  rainstorm,  the  roads 
being  in  the  worst  possible  condition.  A  halt  was  not 
made  until  near  morning,  when  the  tired  men  dropped 
down  in  the  mud  to  sleep.  News  came  that  the  battle 
had  been  won,  that  the  enemy  were  in  retreat,  and  the 
regiment  marched  back  to  Yorktown,  whence  on  the 
llth  of  May  they  embarked  on  the  steamer  C.  Vander- 
bilt,  and  were  carried  up  York  river  to  West  Point,  and 
from  thence  marched  to  the  Chickahominy  river  and 
went  into  camp.  Here  amid  the  pestilential  vapors  and 
miasma  of  the  swamps  many  of  the  men  grew  sick,  and 
several  died.  On  the  28th  Col.  Cross  was  ordered  to 
construct  a  bridge  across  the  Chickahominy  swamp  and 
river,  capable  of  bearing  artillery  and  wagons.  A  Min 
nesota  regiment  had  commenced  the  work  on  the  previ 
ous  day,  but  had  been  ordered  away.  The  swamp  was 
flooded  from  one  to  four  feet  deep  with  water,  and 
nearly  half  a  mile  wide.  On  one  border  was  the  chan 
nel  of  the  stream,  over  thirty  yards  wide  and  quite  deep. 
The  swamp  was  a  mass  of  huge  trees,  vines,  brushwood, 
and  old  wrecks  of  trees  and  shrubbery.  The  labor  was 
vigorously  begun,  and  with  some  assistance  from  small 
detachments  from  two  New  York  regiments,  the  bridge 
was  built.  It  was  supported  by  piers  composed  of  heavy 
logs,  and  seventy  rods  in  length.  It  was  completed 
before  dark  on  the  30th — -just  in  time  for  Sumner's  Corps 
to  cross  the  next  day,  in  season  for  Sedgwick's  Division 
to  check  the  enemy.  It  was  afterward  known  as 
"  Grape-vine  bridge,"  and  was  the  only  one  on  the  river 
above  Bottom's  bridge  which  successfully  resisted  the 
current  swollen  by  rains;  and  on  the  31st  of  Mav  it 
bore,  in  their  passage  across,  its  builders,  as  they  hurried 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  277 

to  the  field  of  Fair  Oaks.  During  the  night  the  enemy 
were  discovered  within  three  hundred  yards,  and  the 
regiment  took  several  prisoners.  At  daylight  Col.  Cross 
captured  a  rebel  courier  with  important  dispatches. 

On  the  morning  of  the  1st  of  June  two  or  three  hun 
dred  rebels  were  discovered  close  to  the  right  flank, 
whom  the  skirmish  line  of  the  Fifth  drove  out  on  the 
run, — and  thus  opened  the  great  battle  of  Fair  Oaks,  on 
the  1st  of  June,  1862.  Kichardson's  division  moved 
forward  to  engage  the  enemy,  and  the  lines  meeting, 
the  most  terrible  conflict  ensued ;  one  after  another  all 
the  other  regiments  of  the  division  became  engaged, 
and  still  the  enemy  held  his  position,  until,  at  last,  word 
came  to  Col.  Cross  that  General  Howard  was  wounded, 
and  he  was  in  command  of  the  brigade,  and  the  Fifth 
was  wanted.  The  Colonel  formed  his  line  squarely  in 
rear  of  the  spot  where  the  fight  was  hottest,  and  as 
the  line  engaged  in  front  retired,  moved  it  forward 
through  a  swamp,  over  the  rebel  skirmish  line,  into  a 
thick  pine  wood,  where  the  rebel  line  lay,  waiting  for 
a  new  line  to  demolish.  The  Fifth  immediately  opened 
fire  upon  the  enemy,  and  from  eight  hundred  rifles 
death  sped  to  the  rebel  ranks.  The  intensity  of  the 
musketry  exceeded  that  of  any  the  regiment  ever 
heard  afterward,  and  for  twenty  minutes,  the  bullets 
flew  through  the  woods,  when  they  missed  the  human 
marks,  splintering  and  severing  the  trees  and  branches 
for  hundreds  of  yards.  Col.  Cross  was  wounded  in  the 
thigh,  and  Major  Cook  was  struck  by  a  bullet  in  the 
leg,  and  one  hundred  and  eighty-six  had  been  killed 
and  wounded,  when  the  rebels  gave  way  and  left  the 
Fifth  in  possession  of  the  field.  The  dead  of  the  Fifth 
lay  within  thirty  yards  of  the  rebel  dead.  Thus  ended 
the  battle  of  Fair  Oaks,  with  twenty  minutes'  work 
of  our  regiment.  The  Fifth  fired  the  first  and  last 
shot  in  this  great  battle,  and  suffered  as  much  loss  as 


278  THE  ORE  A  T  REBELLION. 

any  regiment  upon  the  field.  Now  under  command  of 
Lieut.  Col.  Langley,  the  regiment  went  into  the  trenches 
before  Richmond,  where  it  remained  for  a  month,  and 
afterward  retreated  with  the  rest  of  the  army  to  Har 
rison's  Landing,  fighting  and  skirmishing  at  Savage 
Station,  Peach  Orchard,  White  Oak  Swamp,  Charles 
City,  and  Malvern  Hill,  in  all  of  which  the  regiment 
lost  over  one  hundred  officers  and  men.  Lieut.  Colonel 
Langley  heing  sick,  the  regiment  was  commanded  most 
of  the  time  by  Capt.  Sturtevant,  and  behaved  well  on 
all  occasions. 

From  Harrison's  Landing  the  Fifth  marched  to  New 
port  News,  where  Col.  Cross  joined  them  and  assumed 
command.  The  regiment  soon  sailed  to  Alexandria, 
landed,  and  marched  to  its  old  locality,  Camp  Califor 
nia,  where  it  arrived  on  the  night  of  the  28th  of  August. 
On  the  29th  the  Fifth  marched  to  Arlington  Heights, 
where  the  men,  ragged  and  battered,  and  many  without 
shoes  or  blankets,  hoped  as  they  pitched  their  tents  in 
sight  of  Washington,  to  be  permitted  to  rest  and  be 
clothed;  bat  on  the  30th,  the  sounds  of  artillery  being 
heard  in  the  direction  of  Manassas,  hurried  orders  were 
received  in  the  afternoon,  to  leave  all  tents  and  blankets, 
and  march,  to  re-enforce  Gen.  Pope.  They  marched 
twenty-three  miles  with  only  one  halt,  and  then  laid 
down  in  the  rain,  on  wet  ground  to  rest.  Some  of  the 
men  had  no  shoes,  and  their  feet  were  blistered  and 
bleeding.  The  next  day  they  were  marched  to  the 
front,  and  formed  the  skirmish  line  in  face  of  the  ene 
my  ;  which  position  they  held  until  the  entire  army 
moved  away,  when  they  fell  back  and  joined  the  main 
body  at  Fairfax  Court  House,  being  the  last  regiment 
that  left  Centerville.  From  this  place  the  regiment 
marched  to  within  a  short  distance  of  Chain  Bridge, 
twenty-six  miles,  without  a  single  straggler.  The  next 
day  they  marched  into  Maryland  and  camped  at  Ten- 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  279 

allvtown,  whore  a  few  shoes  and  some  clothing  were 
obtained  for  the  men.  On  the  4th  of  September  the 
regiment  marched  to  Frederick,  Md.  After  marching 
through  Frederick  they  camped  near  the  battle-ground 
of  South  Mountain  but  were  held  in  reserve  during 
the  battle. 

BATTLE    OF   AXTIETAM. 

On  the  15th  of  September  Richardson's  Division,  of 
which  the  ^Te\v  Hampshire  Fifth  Regiment  formed  a 
part,  crossed  the  South  Mountain,  in  pursuit  of  the 
enemy.  The  Fifth  was  ordered  to  the  front  and  deploy 
ed  as  skirmishers.  In  this  position  they  drove  in  the 
cavalry  of  the  enemy  and  discovered  the  rebel  line  of 
battle  beyond  Antietam  river.  In  the  pursuit  the  regi 
ment  captured  over  sixty  prisoners,  and  Col.  Cross  said 
the}-  might  have  taken  more,  but  he  could  not  spare  the 
men  to  pursue  them.  AH  the  remainder  of  the  day 
and  until  late  at  night,  the  Fifth  engaged  the  enemy's 
sharpshooters,  driving  them  from  a  strong  position. 
When  relieved  the  men  were  nearly  exhausted.  The 
next  day  four  companies  were  sent  to  hold  the  enemy's 
riflemen  in  check,  and  prevent  their  burning  an  impor 
tant  bridge  over  the  Antietam  river,  while  other  compa 
nies  were  sent  to  destroy  obstructions  in  the  river.  On 
the  17th,  the  day  of  the  great  battle,  the  Fifth  went 
into  the  fight  with  three  hundred  rifles  and  nineteen 
commissioned  officers.  The  regiment  behaved  nobly, 
and  in  the  language  of  the  official  report  "was  entitled 
to  the  sole  credit  of  discovering  and  defeating  the 
attempt  of  the  enemy  to  turn  the  left  flank  of  Richard 
son's  Division.  They  captured  the  large  state  colors  of 
the  Fourth  North  Carolina  Regiment  in  this  fight,  and 
by  permission  of  the  War  Department,  it  is  now  depos 
ited  in  onr  own  State.  It  was  seized  by  Corporal 
Nettleton,  of  Claremont,  who  although  wounded, 


280  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

brought  them  off  the  field.  For  this  act  of  bravery  he 
was  promoted  to  Lieutenant,  and  was  mortally  wounded 
at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  on  the  13th  of  Decem 
ber,  and  died  of  his  wounds  a  few  days  afterward. 
During  the  battle  the  Fifth,  being  hardly  pressed  and 
affairs  assuming  a  desperate  character,  Col.  Cross,  his 
face  streaming  with  blood  from  wounds  in  his  forehead, 
and  blackened  with  powder,  and  his  head  bound  round 
with  a  red  handkerchief,  hurrying  to  every  part  of  the 
line,  bade  the  men  "put  on  the  war  paint,"  by  rubbing 
the  torn  ends  of  the  cartridges  over  their  faces ;  and 
then  calling  for  the  "  war- whoop,"  he  raised  his  own 
voice  into  the  battle  cry,  and  was  followed  by  every 
man,  until  the  sound  rose  above  that  of  artillery  and 
musketry,  carrying  defiance  to  foe  and  encouragement 
to  friend.  The  men  plied  the  rammers,  and  fired  as  fast 
as  possible,  and  "fire!"  "fire!"  "fire  faster!"  rang  along 
the  line  from  the  officers.  Men  became  almost  frantic ; 
guns  could  not  be  loaded  fast  enough;  those  of  the 
wounded  were  seized  and  even  the  arms  were  taken 
from  the  hands  of  the  rebel  dead  and  discharged  at  the 
heads  of  their  living  comrades.  A  rebel  standard  bearer 
waved  his  flag  defiantly  within  a  few  yards.  "  Shoot  the 
man  with  the  flag !"  shouted  twenty  voices,  and  he  was 
leveled  to  the  dust  with  his  flag.  Still  they  pressed  on, 
and  more  desperate  grew  the  chances,  when  Col.  Mc- 
Kean,  of  the  Eighty-first  Pennsylvania,  seeing  the  situa 
tion  of  the  Fifth,  brought  his  regiment  from  the  right, 
of  his  own  accord,  and  forming  in  a  line  with  the  Fifth, 
opened  a  roaring  fire  of  "  buck  and  ball,"  on  the  enemy, 
which,  with  the  unceasing  fire  of  the  Fifth,  speedily  drove 
the  enemy  off.  Soon  after  the  Fifth,  being  sadly  cut  up 
and  very  tired,  was  relieved,  and  placed  in  a  position 
further  to  the  left,  behind  the  crest.  During  the  after 
noon  the  regiment  lay  under  severe  artillery  fire,  which 
the  enemy  continued  on  the  left  of  the  line,  during 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  281 

which  its  beloved  commander,  General  Richardson,  was 
mortally  wounded  while  directing  the  fire  of  a  battery. 
He  had  been  among  the  bravest  of  the  brave,  and  had 
charged  on  foot,  sword  in  hand,  with  the  front  line. 
He  was  succeeded  by  General  Hancock,  who  of  all 
others,  perhaps,  could  best  fill  his  place.  The  battle 
raged  from  the  right  of  the  line  to  the  left,  where  Burn- 
side  was  engaged,  at  intervals,  until  night;  but  the 
Fifth  was  not  again  called  on.  On  the  18th  it  was  only 
employed  in  skirmishing.  A  detachment  of  recruits 
fresh  from  New  Hampshire,  arrived  on  the  field,  and 
Col.  Cross  caused  them  to  arm  themselves  from  the 
slain.  On  the  19th  the  rebels  had  retreated. 

In  this  battle  over  one  hundred  thousand  men  and 
five  hundred  pieces  of  artillery  had  been  engaged  on 
both  sides,  with  a  loss  to  the  enemy  of  near  fifteen 
thousand  men,  a  number  of  guns  and  colors,  and  a  loss 
on  the  Union  side  of  twelve  thousand  four  hundred  and 
sixty  men,  and  not  a  gun  or  color.  From  three  hundred 
and  nineteen  officers  and  men  of  the  Fifth,  who  went 
into  the  fight,  one  hundred  and  eight  had  been  killed 
and  wounded.  Among  the  killed  was  Second  Lieut. 
George  A.  Gay,  a  gallant  young  officer,  lately  promoted 
for  meritorious  conduct.  Among  the  wounded  was 
Second  Lieut.  Charles  W.  Bean,  a  young  officer  of  great 
promise,  who  died  of  his  wounds  soon  after.  Gen. 
McClellan,  in  his  report  of  operations,  highly  compli 
mented  Col.  Cross  and  his  regiment,  by  a  personal 
notice.  It  was  in  this  battle  that  the  regiment  earned 
the  title  of  "  The  Fighting  Fifth." 

On  the  21st  Gen.  Hancock's  Division  encamped  on 
Boliver  Heights,  and  during  the  rest  of  September  and 
nearly  all  of  October,  the  Fifth  remained  inactive,  with 
the  exception  of  marching  on  one  reconnoissance  to 
Charlestown,  Ya.,  in  which  it  came  under  fire  for  a  few 
minutes.  The  time  was  employed  in  drill  and  picket 


282  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

duty,  and  the  regiment  was  once  more  fully  clothed  and 
equipped.  Major  Cook  resigned  on  account  of  wounds, 
and  Capt.  Sturtevant  of  Company  A,  was  promoted  to 
Major,  his  commission  dating  from  July  3,  1862. 

The  Fifth  had  now  been  in  the  service  a  year,  and  a 
most  eventful  year  it  had  been  During  the  }-ear  the 
regiment  had  received  one  hundred  and  forty-six  re 
cruits,  making  the  total  strength  for  that  period  eleven 
hundred  and  fifty-six.  Two  officers  had  been  killed  and 
seventeen  wounded.  Sixty  men  had  lost  their  lives  in 
battle ;  two  hundred  and  forty  had  been  wounded,  and 
sixteen  were  missing,  making  the  whole  loss  in  battle 
three  hundred  and  thirty-five.  Sixty-nine  died  of  disease, 
twelve  officers  resigned,  four  were  dismissed,  one  hun 
dred  and  thirty-five  men  were  discharged,  and  fifty-one 
had  deserted.  Of  the  eleven  hundred  and  fifty-six  who 
had  belonged  to  the  regiment  during  the  year,  four  hun 
dred  and  fortyrnine  had  been  lost  in  various  ways ;  and 
of  the  seven  hundred  and  seven  remaining  on  the  rolls 
but  three  hundred  and  twenty-three  were  present  for 
duty. 

On  the  29th  of  October  the  march  was  taken  up,  and 
the  division  moved  across  the  Shenandoah  and  down 
the  Loudon  Valley.  On  the  3d  of  November  the  Fifth 
Regiment  came  under  fire  at  Snicker's  Gap,  and  about 
the  14th  the  tents  were  pitched  at  Falmouth.  Log  huts 
were  built  and  covered  with  tents,  and  the  regiment 
once  more  went  into  winter  quarters. 

BATTLE   OF   FREDERICKSBURO. 

On  the  llth  of  December  the  Second  Corps  was 
massed  opposite  Fredericksburg,  and  a  portion  of  it 
effected  a  crossing  under  a  severe  fire  from  the  enemy's 
infantry  among  the  houses  in  the  city.  On  the  12th 
the  whole  Corps  had  crossed  on  pontoon  bridges,  which 
had  been  thrown  over  the  Rappahannock  river,  in  the 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  283 

face  of  the  fire  of  sharpshooters  and  infantry.  On  the 
morning  of  the  13th  commenced  the  great  battle  of 
Fredericksburg,  which  proved  so  disastrous  to  our 
troops  under  Gen.  Burnside,  and  in  which  the  Fifth 
New  Hampshire  Regiment  lost  many  of  its  bravest  and 
best  men.  Hancock's  Division  charged  across  the  plain 
toward  the  heights  where  the  rebels  were  strongly 
intrenched,  under  a  destructive  fire,  while  our  artil 
lery  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  river  were  throwing 
shell  and  solid  shot  into  the  tow^n.  The  advantage  was 
with  the  rebels  from  the  first;  for  their  batteries, 
securely  covered  by  works  on  the  heights,  poured  the 
most  accurate  and  rapid  fire  through  the  advancing 
lines  on  the  plain — the  shots  often  flying  into  the  streets 
of  the  city,  or  striking  the  houses  and  scattering  the 
bricks,  spread  death  into  the  ranks,  long  before  they 
were  within  musket  shot;  while  there  were  no  batteries 
opposed  which  could  silence  them.  The  infantry,  be 
hind  a  stone  wall,  could  not  be  materially  harmed  by 
our  bullets  or  shells,  and  the  only  hope  of  success  on 
our  side  was  to  reach  and  dislodge  them  with  the  bayo 
net.  Vainly  did  the  brave  men  of  Hancock's  Division 
strive  to  accomplish  this  work,  but  its  ranks  melted 
away ;  the  colors  were  repeatedly  leveled,  and  the  offi 
cers  were  stricken  down,  until  but  the  shattered  rem 
nants  of  its  battalions,  unable  to  close  their  ranks  or 
re-form  their  lines,  defiantly  and  desperately  lay  down 
in  the  position  they  had  attained,  and  there  their  colors 
waved  until  night's  pitying  shades  fell  over  the  field 
and  obscured  the  unwavering  marks  of  shot,  shell  and 
bullets.  The  Fifth  was  in  the  front  line,  and  sustained 
the  full  fury  of  the  fire.  A  shell  burst  in  front  of  Col. 
Cross,  and  he  fell,  apparently  lifeless.  Major  Sturte- 
vant  was  mortally  wounded,  and  died  upon  the  field. 
The  regiment  swept  on  in  the  stern  ardor  to  win  the 
fight.  In  Major  Sturtevant  the  regiment  lost  an  honest, 


284  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

earnest  patriot  and  soldier,  and  one  who  would  share 
Jiis  blanket  and  his  last  crust  with  A  fellow  soldier. 
The  colors  of  the  regiment  were  shot  down  again  and 
again  ;  alternately  upraised  by  a  sergeant,  a  corporal, 
a  private,  or  an  officer ;  and  in  their  heroic  efforts  to 
keep  the  line  closed  and  advancing,  and  the  colors  up, 
fell  three  captains — the  valiant  Murray,  the  noble  Perry, 
and  the  young  and  courageous  Moore.  Lieut.  Nettleton, 
who  was  promoted  at  Antietam,  was  mortally  wounded, 
and  Lieut.  Little,  returning  from  home,  where  he  had 
been  recovering  from  wounds,  arrived  on  that  fatal  day, 
just  as  the  regiment  was  moving  forward,  and  hurried 
to  join  his  company  only  to  receive  a  mortal  wound. 
The  survivors  of  the  regiment  reached  a  corn-field, 
within  a  few  rods  of  the  enemy,  and  these — a  mere 
skirmish  line — held  their  ground  ;  and  among  the  fore 
most  Lieut.  Ballou,  an  accomplished  gentleman  and 
brave  officer,  met  his  death.  When  night  came  the 
regiment  moved  to  the  city,  without  one  hundred  and 
eighty-six  officers  and  men  who  had  marched  out  in 
the  morning  to  fall  victims  to  a  most  unfortunate  blun 
der.  Col.  Cross  was  carried  from  the  field,  and  subse 
quently  recovered  from  his  wounds  to  die  upon  the 
field  of  Gettysburg. 

After  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  and  under  cover 
of  darkness,  the  division  recrossed  the  river  and  went 
into  camp  at  Falmouth,  and  the  Fifth  Regiment  employ 
ed  the  succeeding  months  in  picket  duty,  drill  and 
recruiting  its  shattered  strength.  Col.  Cross,  after  an 
absence  of  several  weeks  returned  to  the  regiment  with 
a  set  of  new  colors,  to  replace  the  old  ones  which  were 
sent  home.  Returning  officers  and  men  raised  the 
number  to  near  two  hundred,  and  the  regiment,  which 
had  resembled  a  company  after  the  Fredericksburg 
battle,  started  on  the  spring  campaign  of  1863  with  the 
fiemblanco  of  a  battalion. 


FIFTH  REaiMENT.  285 

Captain  Charles  E.  Hapgood  was  promoted  to  Lieut. 
Colonel,  December  14,  1862,  in  place  of  Lieut.  Colonel 
Langley,  resigned,  and  Captain  Richard  E.  Cross  was 
j.iomoted  to  Major  on  the  same  date,  in  place  of  Major 
Sturtevant,  killed  in  battle.  Early  in  January,  1863, 
Gen.  Hooker  succeeded  Gen.  Burnside  in  the  command 
of  the  army,  and  reorganization  and  refitting  were  the 
order  of  the  day. 

In  the  latter  part  of  April,  1863,  the  Fifth  Regiment 
was  moved  up  the  Rappahannock  river,  and  distributed 
at  the  houses  through  the  country  in  the  vicinity  of 
Banks'  Ford,  for  the  purpose  of  preventing  communica 
tion  between  the  people  and  the  enemy  during  the 
movements  of  the  army  preliminary  to  its  passage 
across  the  river.  The  Fifth  occupied  twenty-seven 
houses. 

On  the  first  of  May  the  Fifth,  with  two  other  regi 
ments,  which  had  been  performing  similar  duty,  marched 
under  the  command  of  Col.  Cross  as  a  provisional  brig 
ade,  arriving  on  the  field  during  the  progress  of  the 
action  at  the  Chancellorsville  House,  and  was  at  once 
placed  in  the  line  of  battle.  -At  night  they  slept  upon 
their  arms,  and  the  next  morning  the  Fifth  supported  a 
battery,  the  men  lying  between  the  guns.  Later  in  the 
day  a  skirmish  line  under  command  of  Colonel  Miles,  of 
the  Sixty-first  New  York  Regiment  in  which  a  detail 
of  the  Fifth  was  posted,  performed  the  extraordinary 
feat  of  repelling  an  attack  of  the  enemy  in  column ; 
and  toward  evening,  when  the  Eleventh  Corps  was 
routed  by  the  enemy,  and  sent  flying  across  the  plain, 
sixty  of  the  fugitives  were  caught  by  the  Fifth,  and 
retained  in  the  ranks,  and  some  of  them  were  afterward 
killed  or  wounded.  During  the  afternoon  of  the  3d  the 
army  retired  to  a  position  nearer  the  river,  and  during 
its  movements  to  Col.  Cross  was  given  the  arduous  and 
desperate  duty  of  holding  the  enemy  in  check  at  the 


286  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Chancellorsville  House,  until  it  was  accomplished.  The 
enemy  approached  on  the  front,  the  flai*k  and  the  rear, 
and  threatened  to  envelope  the  small  brigade  which  was 
in  his  path ;  hut  under  a  severe  fire  it  held  its  ground 
steadfastly,  wheeling  or  facing  to  each  point,  as  it  was 
assailed.  A  battery  which  was  left  with  the  brigade, 
having  lost  its  officers  and  nearly  all  its  men  and  horses, 
was  silenced  by  the  severe  fire  of  the  enemy,  when  Col. 
Cross  himself  sighted  and  fired  a  piece  at  the  approach 
ing  enemy,  and  was  about  to  man  the  battery  by  men 
from  the  Fifth,  when  his  brigade  was  ordered  to  follow 
the  army,  and  the  battery  was  brought  away  by  hand. 
The  enemy  closed  rapidly  on  the  retiring  column,  and 
for  some  time  shot  and  shell  crashed  through  with 
destructive  effect.  A  short  distance  to  the  rear  a  new 
line  was  taken  up,  where,  in  hastily  constructed  earth 
works,  the  army  remained  until  the  5th,  when  it  re- 
crossed  the  Rappahannock,  and  although  withdrawn,  it 
has  never  acknowledged  itself  whipped  in  that  battle. 
The  Fifth  lost  nearly  forty  officers  and  men.  Another 
stay  of  a  month  was  made  at  Falmouth,  the  time  being 
employed  in  preparing  for  the  summer  campaign,  which 
opened  in  June. 

On  the  9th  of  June  a  detail  of  a  hundred  and  thirty 
men  from  the  Fifth  Regiment  formed  a  part  of  the 
picket  force  of  infantry  which  accompanied  the  cavalry 
of  the  army  on  a  reconnoissance  in  force  across  the 
Rappahannock.  Colonel  Cross  commanded  the  detail 
from  the  Second  Corps,  which  arrived  at  Kelley's  Ford 
in  the  evening.  Instructions  were  issued  for  the  infantry 
to  cross  and  drive  the  enemy  away  on  the  other  side,  to 
protect  the  crossing  of  the  cavalry.  The  passage  was 
effected  in  canvas  boats  before  light  on  the  next  morn 
ing,  by  Col.  Cross'  command,  and  the  enemy  were 
driven  away  by  a  skirmish  line. 

The  cavalry  crossed  and  pushed  for  Brandy  Station, 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  287 

when  there  speedily  ensued  one  of  the  memorable  cav 
alry  battles  of  the  war.  Col.  Cross'  command  rejoined 
its  corps  in  a  few  days,  and  with  it  moved  up  to  Thor 
oughfare  Gap,  and  from  thence  across  the  Potomac  at 
Edward's  Ferry,  through  Poolsville,  Md.,  to  Frederick 
City.  Gen.  Couch  was  relieved  and  Gen.  Hancock 
assumed  command  of  the  Corps,  which  placed  Gen. 
Caldwell  in  command  of  the  division  and  Col.  Cross  in 
command  of  the  brigade — the  command  of  the  regiment 
devolved  upon  Lieut.  Colonel  Hapgood.  On  the  29th 
the  regiment  marched  thirty-two  miles,  and  on  the  1st 
of  July  reached  the  field  of  Gettysburg. 

BATTLE    OF    GETTYSBURG. 

On  the  morning  of  the  2d  of  July,  the  brigade  took 
position  in  the  line,  on  that  well  remembered  crest,  in 
open  field,  where  it  remained  until  five  o'clock  in  the 
afternoon,  when  it  moved  toward  Round  Top.  The 
Fifth,  detached  from  the  brigade  for  a  short  time  to 
hold  a  road,  rejoined  it  at  six  o'clock,  to  enter  at  once 
into  the  fight  which  raged  on  the  right  of  Round  Top. 
The  whole  of  Gen.  Caldwell's  division  became  engaged 
in  a  very  sanguinary  conflict,  in  which  the  rebels  strove 
to  drive  the  line  back,  and  thereby  envelope  the  left 
flank  of  the  army.  The  Fifth  stood  its  ground  unflinch 
ingly,  and  Col.  Cross,  ever  solicitous  for  its  good 
conduct,  came  from  the  center  of  the  brigade  to  its 
front,  and  there  encouraging  his  men,  he  fell  mortally 
wounded  by  a  bullet  in  the  abdomen,  and  was  carried 
off  the  field.  The  regiment  fired  away  all  its  ammunition 
but  five  rounds,  and  then  being  relieved,  was  among  the 
last  to  leave  the  field.  It  was  immeditely  placed  in  sup 
port  of  a  battery,  where  it  remained  until  about  nine 
o'clock  in  the  evening,  when  it  rejoined  the  brigade, 
and  resumed  its  position  of  the  morning. 


288  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

On  the  morning  of  the  3d  the  regiment  constructed 
a  line  of  rude  intrfiflchments,  and  in  tftem  lay  under 
the  tremendous  artillery  fire  of  the  day  from  the 
enemy's  batteries,  and  during  the  attack  of  their  in 
fantry,  which  was  so  terribly  repulsed.  Its  skirmishers 
took  thirty  prisoners,  and  the  regiment  was  first  to 
discover  the  retreat  of  the  enemy.  On  the  5th  the 
regiment  marched  from  the  field,  leaving  four  officers 
and  eighty-two  men  killed  and  wounded,  out  of  twelve 
officers  and  one  hundred  and  sixty-five  men  who  went 
into  the  fight.  What  remained  of  the  Fifth  marched 
down  the  London  Valley  to  Warrenton,  and  then  it  was 
ordered  to  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  on  the  26th ;  but  at 
"Washington  the  destination  was  changed  to  Concord, 
IS.  H.,  where  it  reported  at  draft  rendezvous,  on  the  3d 
of  August.  During  a  stay  at  Concord  of  nearly  three 
months  the  regiment  was  recruited  to  the  minimum 
strength,  and  Lieut.  Colonel  Hapgood  was  promoted 
to  Colonel,  Major  Cross  to  Lieut.  Colonel,  and  Captain 
Larkin,  of  Company  A,  to  Major.  The  regiment  again 
left  the  State  for  the  seat  of  war  early  in  November, 
reached  Point  Lookout  on  the  13th,  and  was  placed 
under  command  of  Brigadier  General  Gilman  Marston, 
in  company'with  the  Second  and  Twelfth  New  Hamp 
shire  Regiments,  and  employed  in  guarding  rebel 
prisoners  confined  at  that  place. 

On  the  27th  of  May,  1864,  the  regiment  again  marched 
for  the  field,  and  joined  the  brigade  commanded  by 
Col.  Miles,  in  the  Second  Army  Corps,  on  the  1st  of 
June.  The  army  was  then  in  the  midst  of  that  grand 
campaign  from  the  Rapidan  to  the  James,  and  on  the 
night  of  the  arrival,  the  Fifth  marched  with  its  Corps 
and  reached  Cold  Harbor  in  the  evening  of  the  next 
day,  and  threw  up  a  line  of  breastworks.  In  the  general 
assault  on  the  enemy's  works  on  the  3d,  the  Fifth 
moved  forward  about  half  a  mile,  under  a  severe  fire, 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  289 

at  the  double  quick,  but  refrained  from  firing  a  shot 
until  it  had  carried  the  works  in  its  front  and  captured 
one  gun  and  a  number  of  prisoners.  The  pursuit  of 
the  enemy  followed  at  once,  and  continued  for  three 
hundred  yards,  when  the  regiment  alone  met  a  fresh 
line  of  the  enemy,  and  engaged  it  at  short  range.  A 
fierce  struggle  followed,  in  which  the  only  hope  of  vic 
tory  was  based  upon  the  probability  of  the  seasonable 
arrival  of  supports,  as  the  enemy  brought  an  overpower 
ing  force  to  bear  upon  the  regiment ;  but  those  on  the 
flank  had  failed  to  break  through  the  rebel  lines,  and 
the  enemy  remaining  in  their  front  turned  fiercely  on 
its  flank,  and,  aided  by  those  who  had  surrendered, 
treacherously  taking  up  arms  and  firing  into  its  rear, 
compelled  it  to  retire,  desperately  striving  to  retain  each 
foot  of  ground.  But  bravery  and  valor  were  unavail 
ing,  and  the  works  were  relinquished,  though  the  fight 
did  not  cease  until  the  last  man  was  over,  and  Capt. 
Ricker  was  seen  to  stop,  and  with  one  cut  of  his  sword 
kill  a  rebel  gunner  in  the  midst  of  his  section.  Captain 
Goodwin,  an  officer  of  lion  heart  and  noble  bearing, 
was  killed  inside  the  works.  Lieutenant  Humphrey,  a 
young  and  gallant  officer,  was  killed  between  the  lines, 
and  Lieutenant  Spaulding  received  a  wound  through 
the  lungs,  which  caused  his  death  afterward.  He  was 
a  brave  soldier  and  an  honorable  man.  The  total  loss 
of  the  regiment  in  this  engagement  was  two  hundred 
and  two  officers  and  men.  The  recruits  in  the  regiment 
showed  great  courage  and  steadiness  throughout  this 
whole  affair,  and  were  commended  on  all  sides.  A  new 
line  of  works  was  constructed  close  to  the  enemy,  and 
in  them  the  regiment  constantly  suffered  losses  from  the 
unremittent  fire  of  the  enemy,  until  the  12th  of  June. 
The  march  was  resumed  and  the  James  River  was 
crossed  on  the  15th,  and  on  the  16th  the  Fifth  again 
went  into  action,  on  the  right  of  its  division,  in  the 


290  TEE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

attack  on  the  enemy's  works  at  Petersburg,  in  which 
it  lost  thirty  officers  and  men,  killed  and  wounded. 
Among  the  killed  was  Lieutenant  Shapl^jgh,  a  reliable 
and  esteemed  officer.  Colonel  Hapgood  was  among,  the 
wounded,  and  the  command  of  the  regiment  devolved 
on  Major  Larkin,  under  whom  it  moved  out  of  the 
works  on  the  17th,  in  line  of  battle,  and  performing  the 
manoeuvre,  always  difficult  under  fire,  of  changing  front, 
moved  up  close  to  the  enemy's  works,  and  there,  for  two 
hours  and  a  half,  standing  on  a  rise  of  ground,  and 
completely  exposed,  maintained  so  accurate  and  rapid  a 
fire  on  the  enemy  that  his  line  was  unable  to  remain 
standing  in  the  works.  One  hundred  and  sixty  rounds 
of  ammunition  per  man  were  expended  before  the  reg 
iment  was  ordered  to  desist.  The  loss  was  twenty-nine 
killed  and  wounded.  On  the  18th  seven  men  were  lost 
in  gaining  a  position  on  the  Norfolk  Railroad,  and  on 
the  21st  the  regiment  aided  in  repelling  an  attack  of  the 
enemy  on  the  works  near  the  Jerusalem  Plank  Road. 
From  the  24th  of  June  to  the  13th  of  July  the  Fifth 
was  kept  in  the  works  on  picket,  and  in  support  of  the 
cavalry ;  after  which  time,  until  July  26th,  it  was  em 
ployed  in  the  various  operations  of  the  siege. 

On  the  27th  of  July  the  Fifth,  with  its  brigade,  was 
engaged  in  the  action  at  Deep  Bottom,  and  captured  a 
line  of  works  from  the  enemy,  with  four  guns  and  a 
number  of  prisoners.  The  regiment  received  commen 
dation  from  Gen.  Hancock,  commanding  the  Corps,  in 
general  orders,  for  its  good  conduct  in  the  movements 
across  the  James.  On  the  30th,  Captain  Butler,  of 
Company  K,  who  while  serving  on  the  staff  of  -Maj. 
Gen.  W.  F.  Smith,  was  wounded  in  an  action  near  the 
Hare  House,  on  the  30th,  of  June,  died  from  his  wound, 
after  arriving  home.  He  was  an  officer  much  respected 
for  his  valor  and  other  soldierly  and  gentlemanly 
qualities. 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  291 

On  the  13th  of  August  another  march  was  made 
across  the  James  river,  and  the  Fifth  with  its  Corps, 
was  again  engaged  with  the  enemy  near  Charles  City 
Cross  Roads,  the  scene  of  one  of  the  battles  of  1862. 
The  Second  Corps  recrossed  the  James,  and  moved  out 
on  the  Weldon  Railroad,  tearing  up  and  destroying  it 
to  Ream's  Station,  where  the  enemy  was  again  encoun 
tered.  The  line 'of  battle,  formed  in  a  half  circle,  was 
broken  through  by  a  sudden  attack  of  the  enemy,  and 
Miles'  brigade,  enveloped  on  one  flank,  was  driven  back, 
leaving  some  artillery  ;  but  its  invincible  commander 
led  his  men  forward  again  without  delay,  and  the  Fifth 
rescued  the  only  guns  which  were  saved  on  the  field. 
The  regiment  lost  thirty-three  of  its  number,  among 
whom  was  Lieut.  Robert  H.  Chase,  killed.  He  was  a 
young  officer  lately  promoted,  who  as  a  Sergeant  in  the 
action  of  the  17th  of  June  won  for  himself  honorable 
notice  from  the  commanding  officer  of  the  regiment. 

The  Fifth  went  into  the  trenches  in  front  of  Peters 
burg,  where  for  three  months  it  was  occupied  with  the 
most  arduous  and  dangerous  duties  of  the  siege,  during 
which  time  its  losses  amounted  to  about  one  hundred 
and  fifty  officers  and  men.  About  the  middle  of  Octo 
ber  the  ranks  of  the  regiment  were  again  filled  with  a 
large  number  of  substitutes,  including  many  "  bounty- 
jumpers,"  who  took  the  earliest  opportunity  to  desert  to 
the  enemy.  Some  of  them  bent  their  guns  before  leav 
ing,  which  led  to  the  belief  that  they  were  Canadian 
rebels.  Some  of  them  were  afterward  captured  and 
made  to  suffer  the  penalty  of  death  to  expiate  their 
crime. 

On  the  12th  of  October,  the  three  years'  term  of 
enlistment  having  expired,  those  men  who  had  not 
re-enlisted,  and  such  officers  as  desired,  were  mustered 
out  of  the  service,  and  returned  home  to  New  Hamp 
shire,  under  Col.  Hapgood.  Capt.  Crafts  was  promoted 


292  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

to  Lieut.  Colonel,  Capt.  Livermore  to  Major,  and  Ass't 
Surgeon  Childs  to  Surgeon.  The  regiment  being 
reduced  in  number  below  the  minimum,  was  organized 
into  a  battalion  of  eight  companies  and  a  fraction. 

In  December  the  Second  Corps  moved  to  the  extreme 
left  of  the  line,  and  occupied  Fort  Welch,  which  was 
at  the  salient  angle  of  the  left  flank  of  the  works  in 
front  of  Petersburg.  Here  the  regiment  was  drilled, 
clothed,  equipped,  recruits  raised,  a  company  of  New 
Hampshire  Sharpshooters  consolidated  with  it,  and  again 
assumed  its  old  position  among  the  reliable  regiments 
of  the  corps ;  but  through  the  seeming  unjust  opera 
tion  of  the  mustering  regulations,  the  regimental  or 
ganization  of  ten  companies  could  not  be  resumed. 

When,  in  the  last  days  of  March  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  commenced  those  operations  which  culminated 
in  the  surrender  of  the  army  of  Northern  Virginia,  the 
Second  Corps  moved  from  its  intrenchments,  crossing 
Hatcher's  Run,  and  extending  its  lines  five  miles  toward 
Dinwiddie  Court  House,  Miles'  Division,  to  which  the 
Fifth  belonged,  forming  the  left  of  the  line.  For  three 
days  the  enemy  was  continually  encountered  in  the 
dense  woods  and  thickets  on  the  Run,  and  the  Fifth, 
though  always  in  the  front  line,  fortunately  suffered  but 
little.  On  the  night  after  the  battle  of  Five  Forks, 
Miles'  Division  moved  out  toward  that  field,  and  join 
ing  Gen.  Sheridan,  swept  down  the  rebel  works  on  the 
next  day,  where  the  grand  assault  had  proved  success 
ful,  and  the  rebels  had  begun  their  retreat;  and  pushing 
toward  the  Appomattox,  in  pursuit,  it  encountered 
three  rebel  divisions  at  Wells'  Church,  where  in  hastily 
constructed  works,  they  sought  to  arrest  our  advance 
until  the  remainder  of  their  army  on  that  field  might 
cross  the  river.  It  was  of  the  utmost  importance  that 
they  should  not  accomplish  their  object,  and  the  gallant 
General  Miles,  regardless  of  their  superiority  of  num- 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  293 

bers,  at  once  attacked  their  position  by  assault.  Twice 
be  was  repulsed' with  severe  loss;  but  undauntedly 
moving  on  the  third  time,  his  gallant  division  poured 
over  the  works  into  twice  its  numbers,  and  captured 
five  hundred  prisoners,  while  the  remainder  fled  toward 
the  river.  Half  a  battery  was  also  captured,  and  some 
colors.  The  enemy  was  vigorously  pursued  for  three 
days,  and  on  the  morning  of  the  6th  of  April,  when 
the  whole  army  moved  forward  to  attack  him  at  Amelia 
Court  House,  where  he  was  supposed  to  be  resting,  his 
rear  was  discovered  in  fall  retreat  toward  Lynchburg, 
by  the  Second  Corps.  Not  a  moment  was  lost  in  at 
tacking  him,  and  the  retreat  was  soon  changed  into  a 
rout.  The  course  pursued  by  the  enemy  was  a  succes 
sion  of  hills  and  valleys,  which  afforded  eligible  positions 
for  resistance,  which  the  enemy  availed  himself  of  at 
five  different  times  during  the  day,  when  his  rear  guard, 
of  five  or  six  thousand  men,  forming  its  line  on  the 
crests,  strove  to  retard  our  advance  upon  the  trains, 
which  could  be  seen  flying  over  the  hills.  The  Second 
Corps  formed  in  line  of  battle  two  miles  in  length, 
the  whole  front  covered  by  skirmishers  and  with  three 
brigades  in  reserve.  The  Fifth  was  in  the  front  line 
during  the  whole  day.  The  whole  line  moved  forward 
together,  and  when  it  arrived  in  front  of  the  position 
chosen  by  the  rebels  for  defense,  halting  just  long 
enough  to  discover  the  approaches,  it  invariably  sent 
them  flying  after  their  retreating  columns.  The  road 
for  twelve  miles  was  strewn  with  abandoned  wagons 
and  impediments  of  every  kind,  attesting  to  the  terror 
of  the  fugitives.  Just  as  the  sun  went  down  the  ene 
my's  train  was  discovered  at  Sailor's  Creek  at  a  halt, 
with  the  bridge  and  ford  blocked  so  that  a  passage  was 
impossible.  On  either  side  of  the  creek  there  rose 
lofty  hills.  On  the  crest  of  one  of  them  between  our 
advance  and  the  creek,  the  rebel  rear  guard  made  an 


294  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

obstinate  stand,  but  with  one  grand  charge  the  Second 
Corps  swept  it  over  the  hill  across  the  creek,  and  up 
the  next,  and  triumphantly  took  possession  of  the  train. 
Darkness  closed  on  the  wearied  men,  who  in  the  twelve 
hours  of  light  had  marched  thirteen  miles,  fought  five 
times,  and  captured  fifteen  hundred  prisoners,  three 
cannon,  eleven  colors,  and  a  train  of  near  two  hundred 
wagons.  Some  hundred  thousand  dollars  of  "  Confed 
erate  "  money  was  captured  in  the  train,  with  which 
our  soldiers  perpetrated  the  pleasantry  of  paying  off 
the  prisoners  in  their  hands.  The  Fifth  lost  twenty- 
three  men  killed  and  wounded  during  the  day. 

The  pursuit  was  resumed  on  the  next  morning.  The 
Appomattox  was  crossed  at  High  Bridge,  a  structure  two 
thousand  feet  long  and  eighty  feet  high,  which  was  set  on 
fire  at  the  west  end,  by  the  rebels,  who,  forming  line  of 
battle,  endeavored  to  retard  the  advance  of  our  troops 
until  it  should  be  materially  injured;  but  they  were  soon 
put  to  flight,  and  the  bridge,  which  promised  to  be  of 
the  utmost  importance  in  future  operations,  was  saved 
by  the  exertions  of  Major  Livermore,  of  the  Fifth  New 
Hampshire  Eegiment,  of  Major  General  Humphrey's 
Staff.  At  a  short  distance  from  Farmville  the  rebels 
made  a  stand  with  their  whole  army  against  the  Second 
Corps — the  only  infantry  across  the  river — and  the 
cavalry.  They  skirmished  witn  the  rebels  all  day,  not 
having  force  enough  to  warrant  a  direct  assault,  expect 
ing  the  arrival  of  re-enforcements.  Near  sundown 
all  the  companies  of  the  Fifth  but  two,  which  remained 
on  the  skirmish  line,  with  two  other  regiments,  were 
selected  to  make  a  charge.  The  Fifth  was  commanded 
by  Capt.  Kicker,  Lieut.  Colonel  Crafts  being  in  com 
mand  of  the  skirmishers.  The  country  between  the 
enemy's  works  and  the  right  flank  of  the  corps,  from 
which  point  the  assault  was  to  be  made,  was  a  suc 
cession  of  abrupt  hills  and  difficult  ravines,  presenting 


FIFTH  REGIMENT.  295 

great  obstacles  to  a  rapid  movement.  The  regiment 
moved  forward,  and  almost  immediately  the  enemy 
opened  with  both  a  direct  and  cross  fire,  and  one  of  the 
most  bloody  battles  in  which  the  Fifth  had  been  engaged 
during  the  war,  ensued.  Close  to  the  works  the  colors 
of  the  regiment  were  taken  by  the  enemy.  Lieut. 
Ryder,  a  gallant  officer,  was  killed,  and  Capt.  Collins,  a 
brave  man,  was  mortally  wounded.  Both  of  these  had 
joined  the  regiment  from  the  Engineers  Corps.  Capt. 
Bicker,  in  the  most  persistent  efforts  to  carry  his  line 
forward,  fell  with  three  wounds — one  of  which  he  had 
borne  all  day — after  having  two  horses  shot  under  him, 
and  was  taken  prisoner  close  to  the  works.  The  loss  of 
the  Fifth  on  this  day  was  six  officers  and  one  hundred 
and  four  men  killed  and  wounded,  and  four  officers  and 
sixty-three  men  taken  prisoners.  The  next  day  the  regi 
ment  moved  again  in  the  pursuit,  when  Capt.  Ricker 
was  recaptured.  On  the  9th,  the  shattered  remnant 
of  the  Fifth  having  followed  to  the  surrender,  received 
back  its  colors,  which  it  had  fairly  won  from  the  rebels, 
together  with  the  release  of  the  captured  officers  and 
men. 

After  the  surrender  of  the  rebel  army,  the  Fifth 
marched  through  Richmond  to  the  vicinity  of  Washing 
ton,  and  in  May  marched  in  grand  review  before  the 
President.  On  the  last  of  June  it  started  for  Concord, 
and  was  mustered  out  of  service  on  the  8th  of  July, 
1865. 

During  the  three  years  and  nine  months  that  this  regi 
ment  was  in  the  service,  it  had  borne  upon  its  rolls 
the  names  of  about  twenty-six  hundred  men.  It  lost 
from  the  casualties  of  war  about  fifteen  hundred,  about 
thirteen  hundred  of  which  were  in  actions.  Sixteen  of 
its  officers  were  killed  or  mortally  wounded  in  battle. 

The  foregoing  sketch  of  the  Fifth  Regiment  has  been 
taken  mostly  from  the  Adjutant  General's  reports,  and 


296  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

serves  to  give  but  a  faint  and  imperfect  idea  of  its  val 
uable  services  during  the  war ;  its  desperate  and  bloody 
battles,  than  which  none  from  this  State  can  show  a 
longer  list;  its  hardships  in  the  trenches  opposite  Peters 
burg  and  on  working  details;  its  fatiguing  marches  and 
privations  incident  to  war,  all  of  which  the  men  endured 
with  uncomplaining  patience  and  bravery.  Were  a  full 
history  of  its  operations  attempted,  a  much  larger  vol 
ume  than  the  one  in  hand  would  be  required  to  contain 
it.  Instances  of  individual  gallantry  on  the  part  of 
officers  and  men  in  that  regiment  are  so  numerous  that 
a  list  of  them  would  be  too  great  for  present  limits ; 
and  a  roll  of  its  killed  in  battle  would  appear  almost 
incredible.  May  a  grateful  country  do  the  Fifth  New 
Hampshire  Kegiment  of  Volunteers  justice — written 
history  never  can. 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  297 

SIXTH  REGIMENT, 


This  Kegiment  was  recruited  mainly  in  the  western 
part  of  the  State,  under  the  same  call  and  with  the 
same  bounty  as  was  paid  to  the  three  preceding  ones. 
It  rendezvoused  at  Keene,  and  was  mustered  into  the 
United  States  service  on  the  27th,  28th  and  30th  of 
November,  1861,  and  left  the  State  for  the  seat  of  war 
on  the  25th  of  December,  with  ten  hundred  and  twenty- 
four  officers  and  men.  The  following  were  its  field, 
staff  and  company  officers  while  in  service,  with  the 
official  record  of  each  : 

FIELD   AND    STAFF    OFFICERS. 

COLONELS — Nelson  Converse,  of  Marlborough. 

Resigned  March  8,  1862. 

Simon  G.  Griffin,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  Vols.  May  12,  1864. 

Phin  P.  Bixby,  of  Concord. 

Appointed  Colonel  U.  S.  Vols.  by  brevet,  for  gallant  and  highly  meritorious 
conduct  in  the  assault  before  Petersburg,  Va.,  to  date  from  April  2,  1865. 
Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonels — Nelson  Converse,  of  Marlborough. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  Oct. "26,  1861. 

Simon  G.  Griffin,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  April  22,  1852. 

Charles  Scott,  of  Peterborough. 

Resigned  Oct.  4,  1862. 

Henry  H.  Pearson,  of  Exeter. 

Killed  in  action  May  26,  1864. 

Phin  P.  Bixby,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  Feb.  21,  1865. 

Samuel  D.  Quarles,  of  Ossipee. 

Appointed  Lieut.  Colonel  U.  S.  Vols.  by  brevet,  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
conduct  before  Petersburg,  Va.,  to  date  from  April  2,  1865.  Mustered  out 
July  17,  1865. 

Majors — Charles  Scott,  of  Peterborough. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  April  22,  1862. 


298  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Obed  G.  Dort,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  Oct.  15,  1862. 

Phin  P.  Bixby,  of  Concord. 

Wounded  July  15,  1864.     Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  July  28,  1864. 

Samuel  D.  Quarles,  of  Ossipee. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  June  1,  1865. 

Robert  L.  Ela,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Adiutants — Don  H.  "Woodward,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  Nov.  28,  1861. 

Phin  P.  Bixby,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Major  Oct.  15,  1862. 

John  S.  Smith,  of  Peterborough. 

Wounded  July  30,  1864.     Mustered  out  March  2,  1865. 

Quartermasters — Alonzo  Nute,  of  Farmington. 

Resigned  March  19,  1863. 

Eli  Wentworth,  of  Milton. 

Died  July  18,  1863. 

Gilmore  McL.  Houston,  of  Plymouth. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Surgeons— William  A.  Tracy,  of  Nashua. 

l?,1L!,f» 


Resigned  March  15,  1863. 

>r 
tei 

James  H.  Noyes,  of  Nashua. 


Sherman  Cooper,  of  Claremont. 

Mustered  out  November  28,  1864. 


Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Aes't  Surgeons — Sherman  Cooper,  of  Claremont. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  March  20,  1863. 

James  H.  Noyes,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  Jan.  2,  1865. 

James  P.  Walker,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Feb.  8,  1864. 

Elihu  P.  Pierce,  of  Winchester. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Chaplains— Robert  Stinson,  of  Croydon. 

Resigned  July  15,  1862. 

John  A.  Hamilton,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  July  J,  1863. 

John  S.  Dore,  of  Waterville,  Me. 

Mustered  out  July  17.  1865. 

Sergeant  Majors— Timothy  K.  Ames,  of  Peterborough. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  April  28,  1862. 

Charles  F.  Winch,  of  Peterborough. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Aug.  6,  1862. 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  299 

John  M.  Dodd,  of  Peterborough. 

Re-enlisted  Jan.  1,  1864.     Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1864. 

Abraham  Cohn,  of  New  York  City. 

Wounded  July  30,  1864      Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  1,  1865. 

Quartermaster  Sergeants — A.  M.  Kimball,  of  Rochester. 

Not  officially  accounted  for. 

Gilmore  McL.  Houston,  of  Plymouth. 

Promoted  to  Quartermaster  Aug.  1,  1863. 

Omar  "W.  Gate,  of  Holderness. 

Re-enlisted  Jan.  4,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  1,  1865. 

Elijah  T.  Platts,  of  Fitzwilliam. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Commissary  Sergeants — John  H.  Varney,  of  Milton. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Feb.  1,  1863. 

Samuel  R.  Dickerman,  of  Nashua. 

Re-enlisted  Jan.  1,  1864.     Reduced  to  ranks  July  1,  1864. 

John  A.  Platts,  of  Fitzwilliam. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  1,  1865. 

William  Delano,  of  Newport, 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1855. 

Hospital  Stewards — James  H.  Noyes,  of  Nashua, 

Promoted  'to  Ass't  Surgeon  May  13,  1862. 

Levi  P.  Dodge,  of  New  London. 

Discharged  for  disability  Feb.  1863. 

Marshall  L.  Brown,  of  Keene. 

Re-enlisted  Dec.  29,  1863.     Promoted  to  Ass't  Surgeon  June  1,  1865. 

Charles  Gelberg,  of  Stark. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Principal  Musicians — Shubael  "White,  of  Keene. 

Discharged  for  disability  March  3,  1862, 

John  Currier. 

Not  officially  accounted  for. 

"Wallace  Scott,  af  Peterborough. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  13,  1864. 

John  G.  Mason,  of  Tarn  worth. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 
COMPANY    OFFICERS. 

Co.  A. — Captains — Joseph  Clark,  of  Plymouth. 

Resigned  April  14,  1862. 

Oliver  H.  P.  Craige,  of  Holderness. 

Resigned  Oct.  21,  1862. 


300  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Thomas  II.  Dearborn  of  Seabrook. 

Mustered  out  Nov.  27.  1864. 

John  S.  Rowell,  of  Brentwoed. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

First  Lients.— Oliver  H.  P.  Craige,  of  Holderness. 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  15,  1862 

Thomas  P.  Cheeney,  of  Holderness. 

Resigned  Nov.  25,  1862 

Thomas  H.  Dearborn,  of  Seabrook. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  24,  1863. 

John  S.  Rowell,  of  Brentwood. 

Wounded  Sept.  30,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  7,  1865. 

Omar  W.  Gate,  of  Holderness. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts.— Thos.  P.  Cheeney,  of  Holderness. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  15,  1862. 

Alfred  L.  Smith,  of  Plymouth. 

Resigned  Dec.  22,  18(53. 

Frederick  P.  Hardy,  of  Groton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  8,  1865. 

Alvah  Heald,  of  Temple. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

n0  B  — Captains — Sam.  P.  Adams,  of  Haverhill. 

Resigned  July  30,  1862. 

Samuel  G.  Goodwin,  of  Littleton. 

Wounded  July  3,  1864.  Appointed  Major  U.  S.  Vols.  by  brevet,  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  before  Petersburg,  Va.,  to  date  from  April  2,  1865. 
Mustered  out  as  Captain  July  17,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Andrew  J.  Roberts,  of  Enfield. 

Resigned  May  10,  1862. 

Samuel  G.  Goodwin,  of  Littleton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  31,  1862. 

Lyman  Jackman,  of  Woodstock. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Aug.  1,  1804. 

Thomas  J.  Carlton,  of  Enfield. 

Wounded  Sept.  30,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  10,  1865. 

Frank  Pierce,  of  Troy. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Samuel  G.  Goodwin,  of  Littleton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  16,  1862. 

Lyman  Jackman,  of  Woodstock. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1863. 

James  M.  Dodd,  of  Peterborough. 

Died  of  disease  May  14,  1864. 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  301 

Co.  C. — Captains — Henry  H.  Pearson,  of  Exeter. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Oct.  15,  1862. 

William  K.  Crossfield,  of  Keene. 

Killed  near  Petersburg,  July  30,  1864. 

Lyrnan  Jackman,  of  AVoodstock. 

Taken  Prisoner  at'Poplar  Grove  Church  Sept.  30,  1864.     Released  Feb.  24, 
1865.     Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — David  A.  Titcomb,  of  Seabrook. 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  18,  1862. 

James  P.  Brooks,  of  Newmarket. 

Resigned  Oct.  31,  1862. 

John  H.  Varney,  of  Milton. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  5,  1865. 

Abraham  Cohn,  of  New  York  City. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — James  P.  Brooks,  of  Newmarket. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  29,  1862. 

Matthew  K  Greenleaf,  of  Exeter. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  12,  1862. 

Thomas  H.  Dearborn,  of  Seabrook. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  1,  1863 

Henry  J.  Griffin,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  1,  1864. 

Henry  E.  Badger,  of  Peterborough. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Co.  D. — Captains — Samuel  D.  Quarles,  of  Ossipee. 

Wounded  May  18,  1864.     Promoted  to  Major  July  28,  1864. 

John  W.  Hanscom,  of  Farmington. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Josiah  N.  Jones,  of  Wakefield. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Aug.  4,  1862. 

Albert  W.  Hayes,  of  Farmington. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  24,  1862. 

Orange  B.  Otis,  of  Rochester. 

Wounded  July  3,  1864.     Honorably  discharged  Nov.  28,  1864. 

Charles  W.  Thurston,  of  Stoddard. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Albert  W.  Hayes,  of  Farmington. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  4",'  1862. 

Josiah  Prescott,  of  Sandwich. 

Killed  at  Bull  Run,  Aug.  29,  1862. 

Robert  T.  Brown,  of  Tamworth. 

Dismissed  Nov.  18,  1863 


302  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

John  "W.  Hanscom,  of  Farmington. 

Wounded  July  30,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  9,  1865. 

Co.  E.— Captains— Obed  G.  Dort,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  M^or  April  22,  1862. 

John  A.  Cummings,  of  Peterborough. 

Discharged  to  accept  promotion,  April  5,  1864. 

Edward  F.  Adams,  of  Maryborough. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  6,  1865. 

William  H.  Keay,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  July  1 7,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — J.  H.  Cummings,  of  Peterborough. 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  23,  1862. 

George  H.  Muchmore,  of  Keene. 

Died  Sept.  11,  1862. 

Matthew  K  Greenleaf,  of  Exeter. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  1,  1863. 

Edward  F.  Adams,  of  Marlborough. 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  20,  1864. 

John  Curtin,  of  Keene. 

Wounded  May  6,  1864.     Wounded  June  3,  1864.     Discharged  on  account 
of  wounds  Aug.  19,  1864. 

Sidney  B.  Higgins,  of  Chesterfield. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — George  II.  Muchmore,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  23,  1862. 

William  K.  Crossfield,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  16,  1862. 

John  S.  Smith,  of  Peterborough. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  March  20,  1863. 

John  Curtin,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  20,  1864. 

Frank  L.  Gray,  of  Hancock. 

Wounded  May  12,  1864.     Not  mustered.     Discharged  for  disability  as  First 
Sergeant,  Dec.  25,  1864. 

James  0.  Smith,  of  Holdeness. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Co.  F. — Captains — George  C.  Starkweather,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  Jan.  29,  1862. 

Amos  D.  Combs,  of  Swanzey. 

Resigned  Aug.  2,  1862. 

Josiah  K.  Jones,  of  Wakcfield. 

Mustered  out  Nov.  28,  1864. 

Thomas  J.  Carlton,  of  Enfield. 

Honorably  discharged  June  13,  1865. 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  303 

John  H.  Pinkham,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  18G5. 

First  Lieuts. — Amos  I).  Combs,  of  Swanzcy. 

Promoted  to  <  aptain  April  "2  ',  1802. 

John  L.  Adams,  of  Alstead. 

Honorably  discharged  March  14,  1868. 

George  E.  Upton. 

Killed  at  Petersburg  July  80,  1864. 

Charles  L.  Clarke,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  L.  Adams,  of  Alstead. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  April  29,  1862. 

Isaac  A.  Dustin,  of  Deny. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  1,  1863. 

Cyrus  G.  McClure,  of  Keene. 

Wounded  May  18,  1864.     Honorably  discharged  Nov.  28,  1864. 

Charles  C.  Chesley,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Co.  G.— Captains— John  W.  Putnam,  of  Croydon. 

Resigned  Oct.  27,  1862. 

Albert  W.  Hayes,  of  Farmington. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept.  30, 1863. 

Isaac  A.  Dustin,  of  Derry. 

Honorably  discharged  May  17,  1864. 

Adams  K.  Tilton,  of  Canterbury. 

Killed  near  Pegram  House,  Va.,'Sept.  30,  1864. 

Henry  J.  Griffin  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1864. 

First  Lieuts. — E.  Darwin  Comings,  of  Croydon. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Aug.  2,  1862. 

Timothy  K.  Ames,  of  Peterborough. 

Killed  at  Bull  Run,  Aug.  22,  1862. 

Isaiah  A.  Dustin,  of  Derry. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  1,  1863. 

Adams  3L  Tilton,  of  Canterbury. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  2,  1864. 

Henry  J.  Griffin,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  11,  1865. 

Russell  Tyler,  of  Cornish. 

Wounded  April  2,  1865.     Mustered  out  July  17,  1866. 

Second  Lieuts. — C.  Y.  Gardner,  of  Sunapee. 

Resigned  May  15,  1862. 

Edward  M.  Emerson. 

Resigned  Dec.  3,  1862. 


304  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

John  A.  George,  of  Newport. 

Honorably  discharged  Aug.  26,  1864. 

Sebastian  L.  Getchell,  of  Wentworth. 

Honorably  discharged  Aug.  26,  1864. 

Moses  P.  Bemis,  of  Littleton. 

Mustered  out  July  17   1865. 

Co.  H. — Captains — John  B.  Sanders,  of  Durham. 

Resigned  Aug.  2,  1862. 

E.  Darwin  Comings,  of  Croydon. 

Resigned  Oct.  31,  1862. 

Matthew  N".  Greenleaf,  of  Exeter. 

Wounded  June   30,  1864.      Honorably    discharged  for  disability  Nov.  28, 
1864.     Restored  to  rank  March  1,  1865.     Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Andrew  J.  Sides,  of  Portsmouth. 

Resigned  July  3,  1862. 

Eli  Wentworth,  of  Milton. 

Appointed  Quartermaster  March  19,  1863. 

Theodore  llanscom,  of  Jaffrey. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  2,  1863. 

"William  H.  Keay,  of  Dover. 

Wounded  July  26,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  Jan  7,  1865. 

John  II.  Pinkham,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Captain  June  1,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Eli  Wentworth,  of  Milton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  4.  1862. 

Hosea  C.  Clay,  of  Rochester. 

Died  of  disease  Nov.  3,  1862. 

Theodore  llanscom,  of  Jaffrey. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July   2,  1863. 

Thomas  J.  Carl  ton,  of  Enfield. 

Wounded  June  3,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  1,  1864. 

Co.  I. — Captains — Robert  L.  Ela,  of  Concord. 

Wounded  severely  Aug.  29,  1862.     Wounded  July  30,  1864.     Re-mustered 
Captain  second  term  three  years.     Promoted  to  Major  June  1,  1865. 

Robert  II.  Potter,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Thomas  T.  Moore,  of  Concord. 

Killed  at  Bull  Run  Aug.  29,  1862. 

Charles  J.  Brown  of  Epsom. 

Honorably  discharged  Nov.  4,  1864. 

Robert  II.  Potter,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain  June  1,  1865 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  305 

Second  Lieuts. — Hubbard  T.  Dudley,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  June  30,  1862. 

Charles  J.  Brown,  of  Epsom. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  1, 1862. 

Adam  K.  Tilton,  of  Canterbury. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  1,  1863. 

Joseph  M.  Shephard,  of  Gilmanton. 

Killed  in  action  June  9.  1864. 

Prescgtt  Hall,  of  Canterbury. 

Honorably  discharged  Dec.  5,  1864. 

Henry  K.  "Whi taker,  of  Goshen. 

Mustered  out  July  17, 1865. 

Co.  K  Captains — Ebenezer  H.  Converse,  of  Rindge. 

Resigned  April  24,  1862. 

David  A.  Titcomb,  of  Seabrook. 

Resigned  Dec.  22,  1862. 

Theodore  Hanscom,  of  Jaffrey. 

Discharged  Nov.  26,  1864. 

Frederick  P.  -Hardy,  of  Groton. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Jonas  Cutting,  of  New  Ipswich. 

Resigned  April  24,  1862. 

Charles  L.  Fuller,  of  Peterborough. 

Wounded  Aug.  29,  1862.     Died  of  wounds  Sept.  2,  1862. 

Charles  F.  Winch,  of  Peterborough. 

Honorably  discharged  April  20,  1864. 

John  A.  Platts,  of  Fitzwilliam. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Chas.  L.  Fuller,  of  Peterborough. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  28,  1862. 

Timothy  K.  Ames,  of  Peterborough. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Ang.  5,  1862. 

Charles  F.  Winch,  of  Peterborough. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  20,  1862. 

Charles  H.  Hull,  of  ~New  Ipswich. 

Resigned  Jan.  13,  1863. 

John  H.  Varney,  of  Milton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  1,  1864 

George  W.  Osgood,  of  Nelson. 

^Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  3,  1864. 

Addison  G.  Harmon,  of  Madison. 

Mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 


306  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

COLONEL    NELSON    CONVERSE. 

Colonel  Kelson  Converse  resides  ^t  Marlborough 
in  Cheshire  County.  lie  has  held  several  commissions 
in  the  State  militia,  running  through  a  long  term  of 
years.  In  1860,  when  a  reorganization  of  the  militia 
was  made  throughout  the  State.  Colonel  Converse  was 

O 

appointed  Major  General  of  the  Third  Division.  In 
October,  1861,  it  was  determined  to  raise  the  Sixth 
Regiment,  and  that  it  should  rendezvous  at  Keene. 
Captain  Mack,  of  the  regular  army,  a  native  of  Cheshire 
County,  was  appointed  Colonel,  and  Kelson  Converse, 
Lieut.  Colonel,  and  was  to  take  the  general  charge  of 
raising  the  regiment  and  making  it  ready  for  the  field. 
He  was  very  active  and  efficient  in  the  performance  of 
this  trust,  and  his  extensive-  aquaintance  enabled  him 
to  enlist  the  requisite  number  of  men  in  a  very  short 
time.  It  was  finally  found  that  Captain  Mack  would 
not  be  relieved  from  the  position  he  held  in  the  regular 
army  by  the  War  Department,  and  Lieut.  Colonel  Con 
verse  was  promoted  to  Colonel  on  the  26th  of  October. 
He  went  to  the  seat  of  war  with  his  regiment,  and 
commanded  it  until  the  8th  of  March,  1862,  when,  in  con 
sequence  of  ill  health,  he  resigned.  While  he  command 
ed  the  regiment  its  duties  were  mostly  in  camp,  at 
Ilatteras  Inlet,  North  Carolina.  It  was  not  called  into 
action  at  all  until  after  Colonel  Converse  had  resigned. 

GENERAL    SIMON    G.    GRIFFIN. 

General  Griffin  was  born  at  Kelson,  Cheshire  County, 
Kew  Hampshire,  on  the  9th  of  August,  1824.  He  re 
ceived  a  thorough  academical  education,  and  for  several 
years  was  engaged  in  teaching.  While  thus  engaged 
he  represented  his  native  town  two  years  in  the  popular 
branch  of  the  Kew  Hampshire  legislature.  He  com- 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  307 

menced  the  study  of  law  with  Alvah  Wood,  of  Exeter, 
continued  with  Messrs.  Flint  &  Bryant,  of  Concord,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Merrimack  County  in  the  autumn 
of  1860,  and  immediately  commenced  practice  at  Con 
cord.  "When  news  came  of  the  assault  on  Fort  Sumter, 
Gen.  Griffin  at  once  turned  his  attention  to  military 
affairs  and  commenced  the  study  of  military  tactics. 
He  and  a  number  of  other  young  men  formed  a  com 
pany,  and  at  its  organization  he  was  chosen  its  Captain 
and  commissioned  by  Governor  Goodwin.  This  com 
pany,  assisted  by  citizens  of  Concord,  procured  Sharpe's 
breech-loading  rifles,  and  afterward  became  the  famous 
Company  B,  of  the  Second  Regiment,  New  Hampshire 
Volunteers,  noted  for  its  efficiency  as  skirmishers  and 
sharpshooters.  He  commanded  the  Company  during 
the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run,  on  the  21st  of  July,  1861. 

In  October,  1861,  Capt.  Griffin  was  promoted  to 
Lieutenant  Colonel,  and  transferred  to  the  Sixth  New 
Hampshire  Regiment,  which  was  then  being  enlisted. 
In  March,  1862,  Colonel  Converse  resigned,  and  the 
command  of  the  regiment  devolved  upon  Lieut.  Col. 
Griffin.  On  the  7th  of  April  he  commanded  an  expedi 
tion  composed  of  six  hundred  men,  assisted  by  five  gun 
boats  from  the  Navy,  to  Elizabeth  City,  North  Carolina, 
which  resulted  in  the  capture  of  seventy-four  prisoners, 
three  hundred  and  fifty  stand  of  arms,  ammunition  and 
other  property,  the  killing  of  one  rebel  and  the  wound 
ing  of  two  others  in  the  attack,  and  the  breaking  up  of 
a  rebel  rendezvous  at  that  place.  He  also  commanded 
the  regiment  at  the  battle  of  Camden,  N.  C.,  on  the 
19th  of  April,  where  by  its  conduct  it  won  a  good  repu 
tation  as  a  fighting  regiment,  and  was  permitted,  in 
general  orders,  to  inscribe  "  Camden,  April  19,  1862," 
upon  its  colors.  On  the  22d  of  April  Lieut.  Colonel 
Griffin  was  commissioned  Colonel  of  the  Sixth  Regi 
ment.  He  commanded  the  regiment  at  the  second  battle 


308  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

of  Bull  Bun,  on  the  29th  of  August,  1862,  and  in  the 
battle  of  Chantilly,  on  the  1st  of  September,  on  both  of 
which  occasions  the  regiment  acted  with«great  bravery. 
At  the  battle  of  Antietam,  on  the  17th  of  September, 
Col.  Griffin,  with  his  regiment  and  the  Second  Mary 
land,  charged  the  stone  bridge  across  Antietam  creek, 
and  although  checked  at  first  by  the  murderous  fire  of 
the  enemy,  succeeded  in  carrying  the  bridge,  and  the 
Sixth,  with  Col.  Griffin  at  its  head,  was  the  first  to  form 
its  line  on  the  height  beyond.  He  commanded  his  regi 
ment  at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  on  the  13th  of 
December,  where  it  lost  seventy-five  men  killed  and 
wounded,  being  about  one-third  of  its  entire  strength. 
On  the  20th  of  May,  1863,  Col.  Griffin  was  assigned 
permanently  to  the  command  of  the  First  Brigade, 
Second  Division,  Ninth  Army  Corps.  Early  in  June 
the  brigade  went,  under  command  of  Col.  Griffin,  to 
the  assistance  of  Gen.  Grant  in  his  operations  against 
Vicksburg,  and  participated  in  its  capture.  He  was 
also  with  his  command  in  the  campaign  of  Gen.  Sher 
man  against  Gen.  Joe  Johnston,  and  the  capture  of  the 
city  of  Jackson,  Miss.,  in  July,  where  he  was  in  charge 
of  the  Ninth  Corps,  having  three  brigades  under  his 
command.  In  August  the  Corps  returned  to  Kentucky, 
and  a  part  of  it  immediately  proceeded  across  the  Cum 
berland  Mountains  to  join  Gen.  Burnside  in  his  cam 
paign  in  East  Tennessee,  Col.  Griffin  being  in  command 
of  the  Second  Division  of  the  Ninth  Army  Corps.  In 
October,  Col.  Griffin  was  sent  by  Gen.  Burnside  to  bring 
forward  the  remainder  of  the  Ninth  Corps,  which  had 
been  left  in  Kentucky,  but  was  finally  assigned  to  the 
command  of  Camp  Nelson,  at  that  time  a  large  and 
important  post,  as  the  rendezvous  of  the  Tennessee 
refugees,  to  the  number  of  about  nine  thousand,  who 
were  there  formed  into  regiments. 

In  the  spring  of  1864  the  Ninth  Corps  was  re-organ- 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  309 

zed  at  Annapolis,  Md.,  and  Col.  Griffin  was  assigned 
to  the  command  of  the  Second  Brigade,  Second  Di 
vision,  composed  of  the  Sixth,  Ninth  and  Eleventh  New 
Hampshire,  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Maine, 
and  the  Seventeenth  Vermont  regiments.  He  com 
manded  his  brigade  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness, 
May  6th,  1864,  and  also  in  the  battle  of  Spottsylvania 
Court  House,  on  the  12th,  in  the  latter  of  which  it  saved 
Gen.  Hancock's  Corps  from  being  routed.  It  was  in 
this  battle  that  Col.  Griffin  acted  with  such  consummate 
skill  and  gallantry  as  to  win  a  Brigadier  General's 
commission,  on  the  recommendation  of  Gen.  Grant. 
He  was  in  command  of  his  brigade  at  the  battles  of 
North  Anna  River,  May  20th  and  21st,  Ptolopotamy 
Creek,  May  31st,  Bethesda  Church,  June  2d,  and  Cold 
Harbor,  June  3d. 

On  the  night  of  the  16th  of  June  General.  Griffin, 
in  command  of  his  own  and  Gen.  Curtin's  brigade, 
made  an  adroit  and  successful  attack  on  the  enemy's 
intrenched  lines  in  front  of  Petersburg,  carrying  their 
works  for  a  mile  in  extent,  capturing  nearly  one 
thousand  prisoners,  besides  four  pieces  of  artillery, 
caissons  and  horses,  more  than  a  thousand  stand  of 
small  arms  and  a  quantity  of  ammunition.  Gen.  Pot 
ter,  commanding  the  division,  entrusted  the  whole 
planning  and  execution  of  this  attack  to  Gen.  Griffin, 
and  most  skilfully  did  he  carry  out  his  part  of  it.  He 
had  made  a  wide  breach  in  the  enemy's  lines,  and  there 
was  nothing  to  prevent  an  advance  into  the  city,  had 
supports  come  up  in  time.  But  the  other  corps  were 
not  ready  to  advance,  and  when,  at  three  o'clock  in  the 
afternoon,  the  First  and  Third  Divisions  attacked,  the 
enemy  was  prepared  to  meet  them,  and  they  were 
repulsed  with  immense  slaughter.  Gen.  Griffin  com 
manded  his  brigade  in  the  assault  on  the  "  Mine," 
July  30th,  at  the  battle  of  the  Weldon  Railroad,  on 


310  THE  GREAT  REBELLION, 

the  20th  of  August,  the  hattle  of  Poplar  Spring  Church, 
on  the  30th  of  September,  and  at  the  battle  of  Hatcher's 
Kun,  on  the  27th  of  October. 

On  the  Second  of  April,  1865,  Gen.  Griffin  arranged 
and  led  the  assault  on  the  enemy's  lines  at "  Fort  Hell," 
on  the  part  of  the  Second  Division,  Ninth  Army  Corps, 
which  gave  us  Petersburg  and  Richmond.  At  the 
commencement  of  the  action  Gen.  Potter,  commanding 
the  Division,  was  severely  wounded,  and  was  succeeded 
by  Gen.  Griffin,  who  exhibited  throughout  the  greatest 
activity,  bravery  and  skill.  For  "gallant  conduct  "in 
this  battle  he  was  breveted  a  Major  General  of  IT.  S. 
Volunteers — a  brevet  that  was  worth  something,  for 
it  was  won  sword  in  hand,  on  one  of  the  most  bloody 
fields  of  the  entire  war.  He  retained  command  of  the 
Division  and  joined  with  the  Corps  in  the  pursuit  and 
capture  of  Gen.  Lee's  army.  He  returned  with  the 
Division  to  Alexandria,  and  was  mustered  out  of  the 
United  States  service  in  September,  1865.  His  service 
was  constantly  at  the  front,  and  never,  during  the  whole 
war,  did  the  troops  of  his  command  make  a  march  or 
come  under  fire  in  a  single  instance  that  he  was  not 
present  to  command  them  in  person. 

After  returning  home,  Gen.  Griffin  was  offered  by 
the  government  a  position  as  field  officer  in  one  of  the 
old  regiments,  and  his  appointment  was  made  out  and 
sent  to  him;  but  after  so  thorough  an  experience  of 
the  hardships  and  privations  of  the  field,  and  after 
the  war  was  over  and  there  being  no  real  call  of  his 
country  for  his  services,  he  preferred  the  quiet  and 
enjoyment  of  home,  and  declined  the  offer.  Subsequent 
ly  Gen.  Griffin  settled  in  Keene,  and  in  1866  was  elected 
in  that  town  to  a  seat  in  the  popular  branch  of  the 
Legislature,  was  re-enlisted  in  1867  and  1868,  and 
served  both  of  the  last  two  years  as  Speaker  of  the 
House.  Few  men  who  entered  the  army  from  any 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  *  311 

State  can  show  a  more   honorable   record   in  the  field 
than  that  made  by  Major  General  Simon  G.  Griffin. 

COLONEL  PHIN  P.  BIXBY. 

Colonel  Bixby  is  a  native  of  New  Hampshire.  When 
the  war  broke  out,  in  1861,  he  was  engaged  in  trade  at 
Concord,  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Webster  &  Bixby, 
doing  a  thriving  business.  But  he  felt  that  his  country 
had  claims  upon  him  and  needed  his  services,  and  de 
termined  to  abandon  his  peaceful  pursuits  and  enlist  for 
the  war  in  some  capacity.  He  tendered  his  services  to 
the  Governor,  and  on  the  30th  of  November,  1861,  was 
commissioned  Adjutant  of  the  Sixth  Regiment,  New 
Hampshire  Volunteers.  He  performed  the  duties  of 
this  position  to  general  acceptance.  He  was  in  the 
second  battle  of  Bull  Run,  on  the  29th  of  August, 
1862,  was  wounded,  taken  prisoner  and  carried  to  Libby 
Prison,  Richmond,  where  he  was  kept  five  or  six  weeks, 
and  then  exchanged,  re-joined  his  regiment  about  the 
middle  of  October,  on  the  15th  of  which  month,  Major 
Dort  having  resigned,  he  was  commissioned  Major 
in  his  place.  Major  Bixby  was  again  wounded  on  the 
15th  of  July,  1864,  in  front  of  Petersburg,  in  conse 
quence  of  which  he  was  absent  from  his  regiment  about 
three  months,  during  wrhich  time,  on  the  28th  of  July, 
1864,  he  was  promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel,  in  place  of 
Lieut.  Colonel  Pearson,  killed  at  North  Anna  River.  He 
was  most  of  the  time  in  command  of  his  regiment,  until 
the  last  battle  of  Petersburg,  when  he  was  in  command 
of  a  brigade.  Gen.  Potter  was  wounded,  Gen.  Griffin 
took  command  of  the  Division  and  Col.  Bixby  succeeded 
to  the  command  of  the  brigade,  which  position  he  held 
until  after  the  surrender  of  Lee.  After  the  promotion 
of  Col.  Griffin,  Lieut.  Colonel  Bixby  was  promoted  to 
Colonel,  on  the  21st  of  February,  1865.  He  was  also 


312  •      THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

appointed  Colonel  of  United  States  Volunteers,  by 
brevet,  "  for  gallant  and  highly  meritorious  conduct  in 
the  assault  before  Petersburg,  Va.,  to  date  from  April  2, 
1865."  He  continued  with  and  commanded  his  regi 
ment  until  the  17th  of  July,  1865,  when  he  was  mustered 
out  with  it.  He  was  with  his  regiment  in  all  its  hard 
marches  and  battles  from  the  date  of  his  first  commission 
until  the  close  of  the  war,  except  during  the  three 
months  that  he  was  laid  up  with  wounds  received  in 
front  of  Petersburg.  After  the  close  of  the  war  Col. 
Bixby  returned  home,  and  is  now  in  business  a,t  Con 
cord,  with  his  old  partner,  Mr.  Webster.  He  was  a 
brave  soldier,  and  always  at  his  post  ready  for  duty. 

LIEUT.    COLONEL   HENRY   H.    PEARSON. 

Lieut.  Colonel  Pearson  was  born  at  Newport,  HI.,  on 
the  26th  of  February,  1840.  In  1854  he  removed  with 
his  family  to  Bloomington,  and  soon  after  determined, 
if  possible,  to  obtain  a  liberal  education.  His  father 
being  in  moderate  circumstances,  young  Pearson  went 
resolutely  to  work  in  a  lumber  yard  at  Lincoln,  on  the 
St.  Louis  Railroad,  in  order  to  obtain*  means  to  meet  the 
expenses  of  a  preparatory  college  course.  He  had  a 
great  passion  for  study  and  books  of  almost  all  kinds, 
and  more  especially  biographies  and  history.  In  1860 
he  came  to  Exeter  and  entered  Phillips  Academy, 
where  he  was  soon  distinguished  as  a  close,  faithful 
and  able  scholar.  His  dignified  deportment,  uniform 
good  nature  and  forbearance  gained  for  him  the  good 
will  and  respect  of  his  instructors  and  associates.  All 
who  knew  him  saw  that  he  had  a  purpose;  that  his 
mind  was  filled  with  noble  aspirations,  and  that  he 
promised  to  signalize  himself  in  whatever  pursuit  in  life 
he  might  adopt. 

On  the  breaking  out  of  the  rebellion,  in  April,  1861, 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  313 

young  Pearson  was  fired  with  true  military  ardor  and 
patriotism,  and  determined  to  enlist  and  fight  the  battles 
of  his  country  against  treason  and  rebellion.  He  at 
once  left  the  academy  and  started  for  the  seat  of  war, 
and  walked  all  the  way  from  Baltimore  to  Washington, 
where  he  at  once  joined  a  miliary  company,  with  which 
he  served  until  after  the  first  disastrous  battle  of  Bull 
Run.  He  then  returned  to  Exeter,  and  in  the  autumn 
of  1861  was  commissioned  Captain  by  Gov.  Berry,  and 
set  himself  vigorously  at  work  to  raise  a  company,  at 
the  same  time  reading  the  best  histories  he  could  obtain 
of  the  military  campaigns  of  Napoleon,  and  making 
plans  of  his  great  battles.  He  was  most  delighted  with 
the  movements  on  the  field  of  Waterloo,  and  drew 
diagrams  of  them.  The  war  reports  of  McClellan, 
Mordecai  and  Delafield  were  read  by  him  with  great 
interest,  and  digested  and  remembered.  In  order  to 
raise  his  company  he  appointed  war  meetings  in  towns 
in  the  neighborhood  of  Exeter,  and  addressed  the  peo 
ple  with  modesty,  simplicity  and  marked  effect.  On 
the  22d  of  November  he  left  Exeter,  with  nearly  a  full 
company,  for  Keene,  and  joined  the  Sixth  Regiment, 
then  being  organized  there.  His  company  was  as 
signed  its  proper  place  in  the  line,  and  lettered  C. 
Soon  after,  and  before  leaving  the  State  with  his  regi 
ment,  the  people  of  Exeter  presented  Captain  Pearson 
with  a  handsome  sword  and  other  substantial  testimo 
nials  of  their  regard  and  esteem. 

Tn  April,  1862,  he  led  his  company  against  the  enemy 
at  Camden,  K  C.,  and  also  at  Bull  Run,  on  the  29th 
of  August,  on  both  of  which  occasions  he  behaved  with 
great  coolness  and  bravery,  and  commanded  his  com 
pany  with  consummate  tact  and  skill.  He  afterward 
wrote  interesting  sketches  of  these  two  battles  arid 
made  diagrams  to  accompany  them,  all  of  which  were 
published.  These  papers  disclosed  keen  discrimination 


314  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  a  remarkable  knowledge  of  the  principal  military 
movements  in  those  battles.  At  Chantilly,  South 
Mountain  and  Fredericksburg  the  Sixth  was  in  the 
thickest  of  the  contest,  and  afterward  in  June  and  July, 
1863,  at  Vicksburg,  and  Jackson,  Mississippi,  took  a 
prominent  part,  on  all  of  which  occasions  Capt.  Pearson 
distinguished  himself  for  coolness  and  gallantry.  When 
in  December,  1863,  the  men  of  the  Sixth  Regiment 
re-enlisted  for  a  second  term,  Capt.  Pearson,  for  meri 
torious  conduct,  was  promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  of  his 
regiment.  He  went  into  the  great  campaign  of  1864 
with  confidence  and  zeal.  In  the  battle  of  the  Wilder 
ness  he  led  his  men  with  discretion  and  bravery.  On 
the  26th  of  May,  at  North  Anna  River,  about  twelve 
miles  from  Richmond,  while  reconnoitering  the  move 
ments  and  position  of  the  enemy  with  a  field  glass,  he 
was  shot  by  a  sharpshooter,  the  ball  entering  his  fore 
head.  He  never  spoke  afterward  and  died  in  a  few 
hours. 

Lieut.  Colonel  Pearson  was  a  man  of  fine  natural 
ability,  good  education,  of  commanding  figure  and  man 
ner;  kind  and  attentive  to  the  wants  of  his  men; 
always  ready  to  share  with  them  his  blanket  and  last 
crust,  which  with  his  coolness  and  bravery,  gained  for 
him  the  love  and  respect  of  all.  He  controlled  his  men 
by  his  force  of  character  rather  than  by  any  established 
rules  of  discipline.  He  was  in  every  battle  where  his 
regiment  was  engaged  up  to  the  time  of  his  death.  By 
his  superior  officers  and  all  others  he  was  admitted  to 
be  the  ablest  and  most  accomplished  officer  of  his  rank 
in  the  Ninth  Army  Corps,  and  there  was  no  one  of  any 
rank  who  enjoyed  more  universal  respect  and  esteem,  or 
whose  death  would  have  been  more  sincerely  lamented, 
not  only  on  account  of  his  value  as  an  officer  but  his 
worth  as  a  man  and  friend. 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  315 

Soon  after  the  arrival  of  the  Sixth  "Regiment  at, 
Washington  it  was  assigned  to  Gen.  Burnside's  Division 
and  proceeded  to  Ilatteras  Inlet,  North  Carolina,  arriv 
ing  there  on  the  13th  of  January,  1862,  amidst  a  most 
terrific  storm.  The  storm  continued  eight  days,  during 
which  it  was  impossible  to  land  the  troops  or  proceed 
to  any  other  destination.  The  Sixth  finally  disembarked 
at  Ilatteras  Inlet,  and  went  into  camp  of  instruction, 
with  the  Eleventh  Connecticut,  Eighty-ninth  New  York, 
Forty-eighth  Pennsylvania,  and  Ninth  New  York — 
Hawkins'  Zouaves — reporting  to  Brigadier  General 
Williams,  commanding  post  and  brigade.  Here  the 
regiment  was  attacked  with  a  malignant  fever,  which 
with  measles,  that  assumed  a  virulent  type,  in  con 
sequence  of  the  removal  of  the  regiment  while  the 
disease  was  in  progress,  carried  off  sixty  men  in  as 
many  days.  The  regiment  embarked  to  Roanoke  Island, 
where  it  arrived  on  the  2d  of  March,  and  went  into 
camp  as  a  part  of  the  garrison  of  that  post,  under 
Colonel  Rush  C.  Hawkins,  as  brigade  and  post  com 
mander.  On  the  8th  Colonel  Converse  resigned  his 
commission,  and  Lieut.  Colonel  Griffin  assumed  com 
mand  of  the  regiment. 

On  the  7th  of  April  four  companies  of  the  Sixth, 
with  two  companies  of  the  Ninth  New  York  Regiment, 
in  all  about  six  hundred  men,  under  command  of  Lieut. 
Colonel  Griffin,  were  sent  to  break  up  an  encampment 
of  rebels  at  Elizabeth  City,  N.  C.,  and  if  possible  cap 
ture  the  recruits.  The  expedition  consisted  of  five 
gunboats  and  a  steamer  to  convey  the  troops.  The 
expedition  left  Roanoke  Island  at  night,  and  was  to 
make  the  attack  at  daylight  the  next  morning.  In  the 
attack  one  rebel  was  killed,  two  wounded  and  seventy- 
four  made  prisoners,  the  remainder  taking  to  the  woods 
upon  the  first  appearance  of  the  Union  forces.  Three 


316  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

hundred  and  fifty  stand  of  arms,  and  a  quantity  of 
ammunition  and  public  property,  were  taken,  and  the 
rendezvous  broken  up.  • 

On  the  19th  of  April,  the  Sixth  with  its  brigade  was 
in  the  buttle  of  Cainden,  N.  C.  At  a  critical  moment, 
after  other  regiments  in  the  brigade  had  been  repulsed 
by  the  enemy,  the  Sixth  was  ordered  to  advance  and 
drive  the  rebels  from  the  wroods,  which  they  occupied 
beyond  an  open  field.  The  regiment  moved  forward  in 
gallant  style  in  line  of  battle,  with  colors  flying,  and 
immediately  drew  the  fire  of  the  enemy ;  a  shell  swept 
through  the  lines,  near  the  colors,  killing  Curtis  Flan 
ders,  of  Co.  I,  and  wounding  one  other ;  but  the  regi 
ment  moved  steadily  on  without  breaking  its  lines  or 
firing  a  shot.  When  within  musket  range  it  halted  and 
poured  in  a  terrific  volley,  with  all  the  coolness  and  pre 
cision  of  regular  troops.  The  enemy  broke  and  fled, 
without  firing  a  shot.  By  its  good  conduct  on  this 
occasion  the  regiment  established  a  character  as  a  fight 
ing  regiment,  and  was  permitted,  in  general  orders,  to 
inscribe  "Camden,  April  19,  1862,"  upon  its  colors. 
The  loss  of  the  Sixth  in  this  affair  was  one  man  killed 
and  two  wounded.  The  success  of  this  expedition  was 
the  occasion  of  a  congratulatory  and  complimentary 
order  from  Gen.  Burnside,  in  command  of  the  Depart 
ment  of  North  Carolina.  Congratulatory  orders  were 
also  received  from  Gen.  Reno,  commanding  the  expe 
dition,  and  Gov.  Berry,  of  New  Hampshire. 

On  the  22d  of  April,  Lieut.  Colonel  Griffin  was  com 
missioned  Colonel;  Major  Scott  was  promoted  to  Lieut. 
Colonel,  and  Capt.  0.  G.  Dort,  of  campany  E,  to 
Major,  by  the  choice  of  the  officers  of  the  regiment. 
On  the  18th  of  June  the  regiment  left  Roanoke  Island, 
joined  Burnside's  expedition  at  Newbern,  and  was 
assigned  to  Colonel  Amory's  brigade,  of  General  Fos 
ter's  division.  While  at  Roanoke  Island  the  Sixth 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  317 

received  such  instruction  in  tactics  and  discipline  as 
made  it  afterward  one  of  the  most  efficient  and  reliable 
regiments  in  the  service.  When  it  arrived  at  Newbern 
its  proficiency  in  drill  and  splendid  appearance  as  a  body 
of  troops  called  forth  the  encomiums  of  general  officers, 
and  other  regiments  stationed  there. 

On  the  2d  of  July  the  Sixth,  with  other  regiments, 
was  ordered  to  proceed  to  the  peninsula,  in  Virginia, 
to  join  Gen.  McClellan,  who  was  retreating  before  Lee. 
They  embarked  and  proceeded  to  Newport  News,  and 
instead  of  going  up  the  James,  to  the  assistance  of 
McClellan,  they  disembarked  at  this  point  on  the  10th, 
and  went  into  camp.  While  in  this  encampment  the 
Ninth  Corps  was  organized,  with  General  Burnside  as 
its  corps  and  department  commander,  and  the  Sixth 
was  assigned  to  the  First  Brigade,  Second  Division. 

On  the  2d  of  August  the  Second  Division,  under 
General  Reno,  embarked  on  board  transports,  and 
proceeded  up  Chesapeake  Bay  and  Potomac  River, 
to  Aquia  Creek,  where  it  disembarked,  and  after  halt 
ing  some  days  at  Fredericksburg,  marched  to  Culpeper 
Court  House,  and  joined  the  army  of  General  Pope. 
The  disastrous  campaign  which  followed  was  one  of 
peculiar  hardship  and  trial,  and  evinced  the  courage 
and  endurance  for  which  the  Sixth  was  remarkable. 
On  the  29th  of  August  the  retreating  army  found  itself 
confronting  the  whole  rebel  force  for  the  second  time 
since  the  war  began,  on  the  field  of  Bull  Run.  At 
three  o'clock  on  the  afternoon  of  that  day,  the  first 
brigade  of  Reno's  Division  was  brought  up,  and  ordered 
to  attack  the  enemy  and  drive  them  from  the  woods 
in  which  they  were  massed.  The  brigade  was  formed 
with  the  Second  Maryland  on  the  right,  the  Sixth  New 
Hampshire  in  the  center,  and  the  Forty-eighth  Penn 
sylvania  on  the  left,  and  moved  forward  in  line  of  battle. 
Immediately  upon  entering  the  woods  the  command 


318  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

was  received  with  a  sharp  and  murderous  fire,  under 
which,  however,  the  Sixth,  and  Second  Maryland 
pressed  steadily  forward;  but  the  Forty-eighth  Penn 
sylvania  gave  ground  to  the  right,  and  fell  behind  the 
Sixth  New  Hampshire.  The  regiment  pushed  forward 
in  the  most  resolute  manner,  driving  the  enemy  before 
them,  keeping  its  line  perfect,  not  a  man  leaving  the 
ranks,  not  even  to  care  for  wounded  or  dead.  The 
regiment  crossed  a  railroad  cut,  and  advancing  one  or 
two  hundred  yards  beyond,  it  found  itself  assailed  on 
every  side.  The  wood  was  very  thick,  and  amid  the 
smoke  of  battle  nothing  could  be  discerned  more  than 
a  few  yards.  Supposing  the  left  to  be  supported  and 
protected  by  others  of  our  own  troops,  it  was  believed 
that  the  fire  from  the  left  and  rear  must  be  from  friends. 
To  ascertain  the  true  state  of  the  case,  Colonel  Griffin 
seized  the  colors,  and  advanced  in  that  direction,  waving 
them  in  the  air.  He  was  met  by  a  murderous  fire, 
which  proved  that  there  were  no  friends  of  the  stars 
and  stripes  in  that  direction.  Finding  that  his  regiment 
would  be  sacrificed  unless  withdrawn  immediately,  the 
Colonel  ordered  a  retreat,  and  brought  off  his  men 
with  all  possible  dispatch.  Of  four  hundred  and  fifty 
officers  and  men  who  went  into  this  engagement,  thirty- 
two  were  killed,  one  hundred  and  ten  wounded,  and 
sixty-eight  were  missing;  making  a  total  of  two  hun 
dred  and  ten,  or  nearly  one-half  of  the  whole  number 
present  for  duty.  Of  the  missing  nearly  all  were  either 
killed  or  wounded,  and  the  wounded  were  all  captured, 
as  the  enemy  occupied  the  ground  after  the  fight.  Of 
twenty  officers  present  on  that  day,  five  were  killed, 
six  wounded  and  two  captured.  Among  the  killed 
were  Lieutenents  Fuller,  Ames,  Moore,  Prescott  and 
Muchmore,  Captains  Pearson  and  Ela,  and  Lieutenants 
Hayes,  Adams,  Jackman  and  Titcomb  were  wounded, 
and  Adjutant  Bixby  and  Lieutenant  Emerson  made 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  319 

prisoners.  The  next  day  the  Ninth  Corps  was  again 
put  into  action  on  the  left  of  the  line,  holding  the 
enemy  in  check,  and  were  the  last  to  leave  the  field, 
which  they  did  just  before  midnight,  August  30th,  and 
marched  in  a  drenching  rain  to  Centerville,  where  it 
arrived  next  morning,  the  army  having  made  a  stand 
there  to  cover  the  trains. 

On  the  1st  of  September  the  enemy  made  an  attack 
at  Chantilly,  when  a  sharp  engagement  ensued,  which 
resulted  in  his  repulse.  In  this  the  Sixth  was  actively 
engaged  and  did  good  service.  Advancing  over  a  ridge 
of  ground  to  support  troops  already  engaged,  they  met 
the  Fiftieth  Pennsylvania  just  breaking  and  flying  in 
confusion.  Seeing  the  New  Hampshire  boys  moving 
gallantly  forward  to  their  assistance,  in  a  well  formed 
line  of  battle,  with  colors  flying,  the  Pennsylvania 
troops  rallied  promptly,  and,  forming  on  the  right  of 
the  Sixth,  returned  bravely  to  the  attack.  The  two 
regiments  united,  and,  protected  by  a  rail  fence  on  the 
edge  of  a  corn  field,  repulsed  the  attack  of  the  enemy  in 
that  quarter,  and  held  them  in  check  until  night  put  an 
end  to  the  contest.  During  that  night  and  the  next  day 
the  army  fell  back  to  the  defense  of  Washington,  and 
the  Ninth  Corps  encamped  at  Alexandria.  While  here 
the  men  were  rested  and  supplied  with  needed  clothing 
and  camp  and  garrison  equipage. 

Lee  and  Jackson  having  crossed  the  Potomac,  the 
army  moved  out  from  Washington  under  General  Mc- 
Clellan,  to  repel  the  invasion.  The  Sixth  Regiment 
moved  with  its  brigade  on  the  7th  of  September^  and 
passing  through  Frederick  and  Middletown,  was  present 
at  the  battle  of  South  Mountain  on  the  13th,  in  which 
the  division  was  commanded  by  General  Sturgis,  was 
used  as  support,  and  was  but  slightly  engaged.  The 
division  occupied  the  ground  won  during  the  fight  and 
the  next  day  moved  forward  toward  Antietam. 


320  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 


BATTLE   OF   ANTIETAM. 

• 

On  the  morning  of  the  17th  of  September,  1862,  the 
troops  were  under  arms  at  daybreak,  and  very  soon 
afterward  the  Ninth  Corps  moved  forward  to  attack  the 
enemy  on  the  extreme  left.  The  attempt  to  carry  the 
Stone  Bridge  across  Antietam  Creek,  by  the  Eleventh 
Connecticut  and  other  regiments,  having  failed,  Stur- 
gis'  division  was  brought  up  and  ordered  to  take  tho 
bridge  at  all  hazards,  and  seize  the  bights  beyond. 
The  regiments  selected  to  make  this  desperate  charge 
were  the  Sixth  New  Hampshire  and  Second  Maryland. 
The  stream  was  not  fordable  at  that  point,  and  the  road 
occupied  by  the  Union  troops,  which  led  to  the  bridge, 
came  down  to  the  Creek,  nearly  three  hundred  yards 
below  the  bridge,  then  turned  at  right  angles,  and  ran 
along  the  bank  of  the  stream  with  only  the  narrow 
stream  between  it  and  the  enemy,  then  turned  again  at 
right  angles  to  cross  the  bridge.  The  opposite  bank 
was  a  steep,  high  bluff,  covered  on  its  top  and  sides  with 
forest  trees.  Behind  these  trees,  and  behind  barricades 
of  stones  and  of  logs,  the  enemy  was  strongly  posted, 
their  fire  covering  every  inch  of  ground  over  which  our 
troops  must  pass  to  reach  the  bridge.  The  two  regi 
ments  were  formed  in  the  field  below  where  the  road 
came  down  to  the  creek,  some  sixty  or  seventy  rods 
below  the  bridge,  directly  under  the  fire  of  the  concealed 
enemy.  The  remainder  of  the  brigade  lay  still  further 
down  the  stream,  under  cover  of  fences  and  corn  fields, 
too  far  away  to  support  promptly  the  attacking  column, 
composed  as  it  was  of  two  small  regiments,  numbering 
about  one  hundred  and  fifty  men  each.  But  the  order 
of  General  Sturgis  was  to  charge  at  once  with  the  regi 
ments  formed  by  the  flank,  side  by  side.  The  regiments 
fixed  bayonets  and  moved  at  the  double  quick,  passing 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  321 

through  a  narrow  opening  in  a  strong  chestnut  fence, 
which  there  was  not  time  to  remove,  and  charged  in  the 
most  gallant  manner  directly  up  the  road  toward  the 
bridge.  As  the  attacking  party,  led  by  Colonel  Griffin, 
debouched  from  the  field  into  the  road,  the  enemy  from 
their  intrenched  position  redoubled  the  fury  of  their 
fire,  sweeping  the  head  of  the  column  with  murderous 
effect.  Such  sweeping  destruction  of  course  checked 
the  advanced  columns,  but  the  men  sheltered  themselves 
behind  fences,  logs,  and  whatever  cover  they  could  find, 
and  bravely  held  the  ground  already  gained,  without 
retreating  or  giving  way  an  inch.  Other  troops  were 
brought  up  and  put  in  position  behind  a  bluff,  directly 
front  of  the  bridge,  whence  such  a  terrible  fire  of  mus 
ketry  was  poured  upon  the  enemy  that  they  abandoned 
their  position  and  fled.  Four  regiments  now  advaced 
across  the  bridge  without  opposition,  and  the  Sixth  was 
the  first  to  advance  up  the  bluff  beyond,  and  from  its 
line  on  the  top  of  the  ridge,  where  it  received  a  shower 
of  shot  and  shell  from  the  rebel  batteries  in  the  distance. 
The  Ninth  Corps  crossed  the  creek,  formed  its  lines  and 
advanced  to  attack  the  rebel  right.  During  this  move 
ment,  which  was  at  first  successful,  some  of  the  troops 
advanced  as  far  as  the  village  of  Sharpsburg  itself. 
The  Sixth  having  suffered  severely  in  the  early  part  of 
the  day,  was  held  in  reserve.  The  corps  was  finally 
driven  back  just  in  advance  of  the  brigade,  and  that 
night  the  regiment  was  again  put  into  the  front  line,  to 
perform  picket  duty.  In  this  most  severe  battle  the 
Sixth  behaved  with  great  gallantry,  and  was  highly 
complimented  by  General  Burnside.  It  suffered  a  loss 
of  nearly  one-fifth  of  its  whole  number  present,  in  killed 
and  wounded.  A  few  days  after  the  battle  the  whole 
corps  passed  over  Maryland  Heights,  and  encamped  in 
Pleasant  Valley,  where  it  remained  for  several  weeks. 
On  the  4th  of  October  Lieut,  Colonel  Scott,  who  had 


322  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

been  absent,  sick,  since  the  regiment  left  Newport  News, 
resigned,  and  Captain  Henry-  H.  Pearson,  of  Company 
C,  was  promoted  to  fill  the  position.  Major  Dort  also 
resigned,  and  Adjutant  Bixby,  who  had  been  ex- 
ubanged  and  rejoined  the  regiment,  was  promoted  to 
Major. 

On  the  27th  of  October  the  army  moved  from  Pleasant 
Valley,  crossed  the  Potomac  by  pontoon  bridges  at 
Berlin,  took  up  its  line  of  March  up  the  valley  east  of 
Blue  Ridge,  with  Richmond  for  its  objective  point. 
Near  Waterloo  Bridge,  the  enemy  appeared  on  the 
right  flank,  and  Sturgis'  division  was  sent  out  to  hold 
them  in  check.  Considerable  skirmishing  ensued,  in 
which  the  regiment  was  engaged,  but  suffered  no  loss. 

On  the  19th  of  November  the  army  arrived  at  Fal- 
mouth,  in  front  of  Fredericksburg,  and  encamped  on 
high  ground  north  of  the  Phillips  house. 

BATTLE    OF    FREDERICKSBURG. 

On  the  12th  of  December  a  part  of  the  army  crossed 
the  river  and  occupied  the  city  of  Fredericksburg.  The 
Ninth  Corps  bivouacked  in  the  streets  that  night.  The 
bloody  assault  upon  the  enemy's  works  commenced 
about  noon  on  the  13th.  About  one  o'clock,  p.  M.,  the 
Sixth  Regiment  advanced  with  its  brigade  under  a 
shower  of  shot  and  shell,  and  entering  the  field  to  the 
right  of  the  railroad,  moved  steadily  up  the  slope 
against  the  enemy's  works.  That  slope  was  completely 
swept  by  the  rebel  musketry  and  artillery  fire,  and  in 
some  places  the  ground  was  already  covered  with  dead 
and  wounded;  yet  nothing  could  exceed  the  coolness 
and  gallantry  with  which  the  regiment  advanced  to  the 
charge.  Desperate  and  repeated  attempts  were  made  to 
advance  over  the  crest  and  attack  the  enemy  in  their 
works,  but  so  destructive  was  the  fire  immediately 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  323 

upon  reaching  the  brow  of  the  hill,  so  perfect  was  the 
knowledge  of  the  enemy  of  every  movement  of  the 
Union  troops,  and  so  completely  had  the  rebels  the  com 
mand  of  the  ground,  that  it  was  found  to  be  impossible 
to  get  at  them.  Three  regiments  immediately  on  the 
right  of  the  Sixth,  broke  and  fled,  leaving  a  large  gap, 
yet  not  a  man  of  this  regiment  left  his  position  or 
faltered  for  a  moment.  This  perilous  position  was  held 
until  dark,  when  the  line  was  withdrawn  and  took  shel 
ter  in  the  town,  leaving  only  a  line  of  pickets  to  hold 
the  crest.  When  the  army  withdrew  across  the  river 
the  Sixth  was  one  of  the  last  regiments  to  retire.  In 
this  engagement  the  regiment  suffered  a  loss  of  seventy- 
five  men,  or  about  one-third  of  the  number  that  went 
into  the  action,  killed  and  wounded. 

Early  in  February,  1863,  the  Sixth  regiment  was 
transferred,  along  with  its  corps,  to  Newport  News, 
where  they  had  good  quarters,  were  supplied  with  cloth 
ing,  camp  and  garrison  equipage,  a  thorough  system 
of  drill  was  adopted,  and  the  condition  of  the  troops 
was  brought  up  to  the  highest  state  of  perfection.  On 
the  18th  of  March  Gen.  Dix,  commanding  the  Depart 
ment,  reviewed  the  whole  corps.  The  display  was  one 
of  the  most  brilliant  ones  evt-r  seen  in  this  country. 

General  Burnside  having  been  ordered  to  the  Depart 
ment  of  the  Ohio,  the  Ninth  Corps  was  transferred  to 
Kentucky  at  his  request,  and  proceeded  to  Cincinnati 
and  thence  the  Sixth  Regiment,,  with  its  brigade  was  sent 
to  Lexington,  which  place  it  reached  on  the  first  of  April, 
and  after  encamping  there  for  a  few  days,  marched  to 
"Winchester.  From  Winchester  it  proceeded  to  Rich 
mond  on  the  18th ;  to  Paint  Lick  Creek  on  the  3d  of 
May,  and  to  Lancaster  on  the  10th.  Here  it  remained 
until  the  23d,  encamped,  enjoying  the  pure,  fresh  air 
and  fragrant  fields  of  the  "Blue  Grass  Region "  of 


,324  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Kentucky,  the  finest  country  the  soldiers  had  ever  seen. 
On  the  30th  of  May  Gen.  James  Nagle  resigned,  and 
Col.  Griffin  was  permanently  assigned  to*  the  command 
of  the  brigade,  it  being  the  First  Brigade,  Second 
Division,  Ninth  Army  Corps.  The  brigade  consisted 
of  the  Sixth  and  Ninth  New  Hampshire,  Second  Mary 
land,  Forty-eighth  Pennsylvania,  and  Seventh  and 
Twelfth  Rhode  Island  Regiments. 

The  rebel  General  Joseph  E.  Johnston,  having  collect 
ed  an  army  at  Jackson,  Mississippi,  and  advanced  to 
threaten  General  Grant's  rear,  General  William  T. 
Sherman  was  sent  out  with  a  force  to  watch  and  con 
front  him.  Col.  Griffin's  brigade  was  ordered  to  report 
to  General  Sherman,  and  an  intrenched  line  was  formed 
along  Oak  Ridge,  guarding  the  roads  across  Big  Black 
river.  A  few  days  later  the  whole  corps  joined  General 
Sherman,  and  a  second  intrenched  line  was  formed  in 
rear  of  the  first,  extending  from  Hayne's  and  Snyder's 
bluffs,  through  Milldale,  and  along  the  high  ground 
east  of  Vicksburg. 

General  Pemberton  surrendered  the  city  of  Vicksburg 
to  General  Grant,  on  the  4th  of  July,  1863,  and  the 
same  day  nearly  the  whole  of  Grant's  and  Sherman's 
armies  moved  out  to  meet  Johntson,  encamping  that 
night  near  the  Big  Black.  Johnston,  hearing  of  Pem- 
berton's  surrender,  fell  back  upon  Jackson,  closely 
pursued  by  Sherman.  The  weather  was  extremely 
hot,  even  for  that  climate,  the  streams  were  dry,  and  the 
men  suffered  severely  from  the  oppressive  heat  and  the 
want  of  water.  Arriving  at  Jackson,  July  10th,  the 
enemy  seemed  disposed  to  defend  the  town.  An  attack 
was  immediately  made  by  the  Ninth  Corps,  which  re 
sulted  in  driving  him  behind  his  intrenchments.  The 
place  was  invested  arid  dispositions  made  for  the  final 
assault.  Early  on  the  morning  of  the  13th  of  July, 
while  Colonel  Griffin  was  in  charge  of  the  Ninth  Corps, 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  325 

having  three  brigades  under  his  command,  the  enemy 
made  a  sudden  and  furious  attack,  with  a  view  to  break 
ing  the  Union  lines ;  but  they  were  received  with 
much  coolness  and  steadiness  by  the  Sixth  New  Hamp 
shire,  who  deliberately  poured  upon  them  a  most 
destructive  fire,  and  they  were  repulsed  with  great 
slaughter.  On  the  morning  of  the  16th  the  Sixth  was 
sent  out  at  two  o'clock,  to  make  a  reconnoissance, 
when  it  was  discovered  that  the  rebels  had  evacuated 
the  place,  and  our  troops  took  possession  of  the  town. 
After  destroying  the  public  property  the  army,  on  the 
20th  of  July,  commenced  its  march  to  return  to 
Vicksburg. 

On  the  23d  the  Sixth  reached  its  old  camp  at  Milldale, 
where  the  men  inhaled  the  deadly  malaria  of  the 
swamps  of  Yazoo,  whose  very  name  signifies  in  the 
Indian  tongue,  the  "  River  of  Death."  The  effects 
of  that  climate  upon  the  regiment  and  upon  the  whole 
corps  were  more  disastrous  than  that  of  the  severest 
battle.  Nearly  all  were  attacked  with  malarial  fever, 
chills  and  fever,  congestive  chills,  or  some  disorder 
incident  to  that  climate,  and  large  numbers  of  them 
died.  On  the  5th  of  August  the  regiment  embarked 
with  its  brigade  on  board  transports  and  proceeded  up 
the  river  to  Cairo,  and  thence  by  rail  to  Cincinnati, 
where  it  arrived  on  the  20th.  The  sickness  that  pre 
vailed  on  board  the  transports  was  terrible,  and  almost 
universal.  Almost  every  night,  as  the  troops  "  lay  up  " 
on  account  of  low  water  and  the  consequent  danger 
from  sand  bars,  a  little  party  would  be  seen  with  lan 
terns,  sadly  making  its  way  on  shore  to  bury  some 
comrade  who  had  fallen  a  victim  to  disease.  Lieut. 
Eli  Wentworth,  Regimental  Quartermaster,  was  one 
of  the  victims,  he  having  died  at  Milldale  on  the  18th 
of  July,  while  the  regiment  was  absent  at  Jackson. 
Halting  a  few  days  at  Covington,  it  proceeded  by  rail 


326  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

to  Nicholasville,  and  encamped  near  Camp  Nelson,  offi 
cers  and  men  still  suffering  terribly  from  the  effects 
of  that  southern  climate.  Large  numbers  were  sent 
to  the  hospitals,  and  many  died. 

On  the  9th  of  September  the  brigade  was  divided,  and 
a  part  of  the  troops  were  sent  over  the  Cumberland 
mountains  to  join  General  Burnside  in  East  Tennessee, 
while  the  others  remained  in  Kentucky.  Col.  Griffin 
proceeded  to  East  Tennessee,  in  command  of  the  divis 
ion.  The  Sixth  Regiment  was  ordered  to  Frankfort,  to 
do  provost  duty,  where  it  remained  about  two  weeks, 
and  was  then  sent  to  Russellville,  to  protect  the  inhabit 
ants  from  the  enemy's  cavalry,  who  were  constantly 
making  incursions  into  the  Southern  portion  of  the 
State.  While  here  the  regiment  did  valuable  service, 
scouting  and  chasing  guerillas  from  the  country,  seizing 
the  horses  and  mules  of  well  known  rebels,  and  using 
them  for  that  purpose.  Lieut.  Colonel  Pearson  was 
commander  of  the  post  and  Major  Bixby  was  in  com 
mand  of  the  regiment. 

Colonel  Griffin  having  been  placed  in  command  of 
Camp  Nelson,  a  large  and  important  post,  the  Sixth  was 
on  the  25th  of  October  ordered  there  to  do  provost  duty 
in  connection  with  other  regiments.  While  here  the 
regiment  re-enlisted  for  another  term  of  three  years,  or 
during  the  war.  The  men  re-enlisted  in  such  numbers 
as  to  secure  for  themselves  a  veteran  organization  of  ten 
companies,  while  many  of  the  other  regiments  were 
reduced  to  mere  battalions  of  two  or  more  companies. 
The  regiment  left  Camp  Nelson  on  the  16th  of  January, 
1864,  for  New  Hampshire,  on  a  thirty  days'  veteran 
furlough,  leaving  the  recruits  and  those  who  did  not 
re-enlist,  under  the  command  of  Captain  S.  G.  Goodwin, 
assisted  by  Captain  Crossfield,  Adjutant  Smith,  Ass't 
Surgeon  Noyes  and  Chaplain  Dore.  At  Covington 
Borne  days  were  spent  in  making  out  the  re-enlistment 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  327 

papers,  and  on  the  20th  of  January,  two  hundred  and 
eighty-eight  enlisted  men,  or  more  than  three-fourths  of 
the  whole  number  who  had  served  the  required  length 
of  time,  were  re-mustered  into  the  United  States  service 
as  veterans.  The  regiment  arrived  at  Keene — the  place 
of  its  original  rendezvous — on  the  28th,  where  the  citi 
zens  gave  the  men  a  cordial  public  reception  and  supper, 
and  provided  them  with  comfortable  quarters  in  the 
town  hall.  The  next  day  the  regiment  went  to  Concord, 
where  it  received  another  splendid  ovation — a  procession, 
and  dinner  in  Phenix  Hall.  The  men  were  furloughed 
and  went  to  their  respective  homes.  They  re-assembled 
at  Concord  on  the  29th  of  February,  but  were  immedi 
ately  given  ten  days  extra,  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of 
War.  On  the  10th  of  March  the  men  again  assembled 
at  Concord,  under  orders  to  return  to  the  Department 
of  the  Ohio,  and  took  cars  for  the  west.  Arriving  at 
Manchester,  Colonel  Griffin  received  a  telegraphic  dis 
patch  from  the  Secretary  of  War,  ordering  the  regiment 
back  to  camp;  to  await  further  orders.  It  returned  to 
Concord  and  remained  there  in  camp  until  the  18th, 
when  it  proceeded,  in  compliance  with  orders,  to  join 
the  Ninth  Army  Corps,  which  was  then  re-assembling 
at  Annapolis,  -Maryland. 

At  Annapolis  the  recruits  were  brought  forward  from 
Camp  Nelson  and  assigned  to  companies  with  the 
veterans,  a  thorough  system  of  drill  and  discipline  was 
instituted,  new  arms  were  furnished  the  men,  and  the 
regiment  was  brought  up  to  a  high  standard,  both  as 
regarded  numbers  and  effectiveness.  Upon  the  re 
organization  of  the  Ninth  Corps  Colonel  Griffin  was 
assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Second  Brigade,  Second 
Division,  composed  of  the  Sixth,  Ninth  and  Eleventh 
New  Hampshire,  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second'  Maine, 
and  Seventeenth  Vermont  Regiments,  leaving  the  Sixth 


328  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

again  under  command  of  Lieut.  Colonel  Pearson,  one 
of  the  best  officers  of  his  rank  in  the  service. 

On  the  23d  of  April  the  Corps  joined  the  Army  or 
the  Potomac,  under  General  Grant.  Passing  through 
Washington  it  was  reviewed  by  President  Lincoln,  from 
the  balcony  of  Wil lard's  Hotel.  After  two  days  spent 
at  Alexandria,  procuring  supplies  and  transportation, 
the  Corps  again  moved  on,  by  way  of  Fairfax  Court 
House,  and  joined  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  at  the 
Rapidau,  and  on  the  5th  of  May  crossed  the  river  at 
Germania  Ford,  and  bivouacked  on  the  field,  in  rear 
of  Sedgwick's  Corps,  which  had  been  engaged  during 
the  day. 

At  two  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  6th,  the  troops 
were  in  motion,  and  moved  to  attack  the  enemy  in  the 
direction  of  "  Parker's  Store."  At  daylight  Griffin's 
brigade  was  formed  for  attack,  with  the  Sixth  deployed 
as  skirmishers,  as  usual,  and  advanced  about  one  mile, 
when  the  enemy  was  met  in  force,  and  a  desultory  fire 
kept  up  during  the  greater  part  of  the  forenoon,  without 
any  advantage  being  gained  on  either  side.  About 
eleven  o'clock  orders  were  received  to  move  by  the 
flank,  with  a  view  to  assist  in  repelling  an  advance  of 
the  enemy  on  the  left  of  the  corps.  The  movement 
was  made  with  much  difficulty  through  a  dense  thicket. 
The  line  of  the  brigade  was  formed  behind  those  of 
other  brigades  of  the  same  corps,  who  were  holding 
the  ground,  but  making  no  attempt  to  advance.  Those 
brigades  were  lying  down.  General  Burn  side  himself 
was  present,  and  gave  the  order,  "  Let  Griffin  attack." 
The  brigade  advanced  promptly,  in  line  of  battle,  at 
the  command,  and  preseing  directly  over  those  who 
were  lying  down,  charged  along  the  whole  line.  The 
other  brigades  rose  up  and  followed,  shouting  and 
cheering.  The  Sixth  fixed  bayonets  and  dashed  upon 
the  rebels  in  the  most  gallant  manner,  breaking  their 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  329 

line  and  capturing  seven  commissioned  officers  and  a 
hundred  and  six  men.  Along  the  whole  line  of  this 
brigade  the  attack  was  successful,  and  the  rebel  line 
was  rapidly  giving  way,  but  the  line  to  the  left  did  not 
advance,  thus  giving  the  enemy  time  and  opportunity 
to  turn  their  whole  attention  to  this  break  in  their  line. 
Bringing  up  re-enforcements,  and  charging  in  their 
turn,  the  line  was  compelled  to  recede  a  short  distance,- 
but  held  the  ground  of  their  original  lines,  and  in 
trenched  for  the  night.  The  Corps  was  withdrawn  the 
next  day  and  massed  in  rear  of  the  Lacy  House.  The 
loss  of  the  regiment  in  this  engagement  was  one  officer 
and  forty-four  men  killed  and  wounded. 

On  the  12th  of  May  occurred  the  general  engagement 
known  as  the  battle  of  Spottsylvania  Court  House/ 
Orders  had  been  given  to  attack  at  four  o'clock  in  the 
morning.  The  Ninth  Corps  held  the  extreme  left  of 
the  line  of  the  army,  and  was  to  advance  to  the  right  as 
well  as  to  the  front,  and  unite  with  Hancock's  Second 
Corps.  At  the  appointed  time  the  corps  moved  off  to 
the  right  in  column  by  brigades — Griffin's  brigade  lead 
ing,  the  Sixth  Eegiment  occupying  the  left  center  of  the 
brigade  line.  Hearing  the  roar  of  Hancock's  guns, 
Griffin  made  for  the  point  whence  the  sound  proceeded. 
Advancing  through  the  pine  woods,  under  a  sharp  fire, 
and  driving  the  enemy's  skirmishers  before  it,  the  brig 
ade  swung  into  line  along  side  of  the  Second  Corps, 
united  with  its  left,  and  seized  a  favorable  position  on 
the  further  edge  of  the  wood,  looking  out  upon  an  open 
field  toward  the  enemy's  lines,  and  very  near  their 
works.  Just  at  this  time  masses  of  the  rebels  were 
seen  emerging  from  the  opposite  wood  at  double  quick, 
in  a  furious  charge  upon  the  left  of  Hancock's  Corps, 
which  had  become  somewhat  disorganized  from  the  suc 
cessful  attack  it  had  just  previously  made.  Taking  this 
whole  column  of  rebels  in  front  and  flank,  the  brigade 


330  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

received  the  terrible  onset  with  indomitable  obstinacy, 
hurling  them  back  in  confusion,  and  strewing  the 
ground  with  dead  and  wounded.  A  .murderous  and 
incessant  fire  was  kept  up  on  both  sides  during  nearly 
the  whole  day,  but  that  position  was  held  until  the 
enemy  withdrew,  six  days  later.  In  this  brilliant  move 
ment,  in  which  Col.  Griffin  won  his  star,  and  which, 
without  doubt,  saved  Hancock's  Corps  from  being 
routed,  the  Sixth  Regiment  bore  a  conspicuous  part, 
seizing  an  advanced  position,  and  holding  out  stubborn 
ly,  when  others  were  disposed  to  quail.  The  loss  of 
the  regiment  in  this  battle  was  sixty-eight  men  killed 
and  wounded. 

On  the  18th,  while  holding  this  line,  an  advance  on 
the  enemy's  lines  was  ordered,  and  the  Sixth,  with 
others,  moved  gallantly  forward  into  the  wood,  seizing 
a  small  eminence  within  a  few  yards  of  the  enemy's 
line,  and  holding  this  perilous  position  until  withdrawn 
by  order  of  General  Burnside,  on  the  afternoon  of  the 
same  day.  In  this  affair  Captain  S.  D.  Quarles  was 
severely  wounded.  That  night  the  army  abandoned 
its  position,  and  moved  to  the  left,  and  on  the  20th 
and  21st 'of  May  pushed  on  to  the  North  Anna  river, 
where  the  regiment  bore  its  part  in  the  engagement, 
but  was  not  in  the  front  line,  being  held  with  the 
reserves.  On  the  26th,  while  reconnoitering  the  move 
ments  and  position  of  the  enemy,  Lieut.  Colonel  Pear 
son  was  shot  through  the  head  by  a  rebel  rifleman. 
There  was  not  a  more  promising  young  officer  in  the 
whole  corps,  and  the  regiment  mourned  his  loss  with 
heartfelt  sorrow.  He  had  been  for  some  time  in  com 
mand  of  the  regiment,  and  his  loss  was  very  severely 
felt.  Major  Bixby  succeeded  to  the  command,  and  soon 
obtained  the  good  will  of  officers  and  men.  The 
regiment  was  again  engaged  with  its  brigade,  at  Ptol- 
opotamy  Creek,  on  the  21st,  driving  the  enemy  from 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  331 

his  position.  In  the  several  engagements  from  the  16th 
to  the  31st  of  May,  the  regiment  suffered  a  loss  of  three 
officers  and  thirteen  men. 

On  the  3d  of  June  a  general  engagement  took  place 
at  Cold  Harbor,  in  which  the  Sixth  was  actively  en 
gaged,  near  Bethesda  Church — Griffin's  Brigade  occu 
pying  the  extreme  left  of  the  line  of  the  army.  The 
regiment  lost  three  officers  and  twenty-two  men  wound 
ed,  and  four  enlisted  men  killed.  The  next  day  the 
regiment  moved  to  Cold  Harbor,  and  was  constantly 
under  fire  during  the  several  days  the  army  occupied 
that  position.  Lieut.  Joseph  M.  Shephard  was  killed  ; 
Captain  S.  G.  Goodwin,  Lieuts.  Orange  B.  Otis  and 
John  Curtin  wounded. 

On  the  night  of  the  12th  of  June  the  army  withdrew 
from  Cold  Harbor,  and  moved  for  Petersburg,  where 
It  arrived  on  the  afternoon  of  the  16th.  On  that  night 
the  Ninth  Corps  was  ordered  to  attack  at  daylight  next 
morning.  Griffin's  brigade  was  selected  for  this  duty, 
supported  by  Curtin's  brigade  of  the  same  division. 
General  Potter  commanding  the  division,  entrusted 
the  planning  and  execution  of  the  attack  to  General 
Griffin.  The  troops  were  led  under  cover  of  darkness, 
to  a  ravine  within  a  hundred  yards  of  the  enemy's 
works,  and  there  formed  for  attack.  So  near  was  the 
position  to  the  rebels  that  all  orders  had  to  be  given 
in  whispers.  The  leading  regiments  were  ordered  to 
observe  the  strictest  silence,  and  to  advance  without 
firing  a  shot,  carrying  the  works  at  the  point  of  the 
bayonet.  As  day  began  to  dawn  the  order  was  given 
to  advance.  The  men  moved  quickly  and  noiselessly 
upon  the  rebel  lines,  took  the  enemy  completely  by 
surprise,  capturing  or  putting  to  flight  the  whole  force, 
and  sweeping  their  line  for  a  mile  in  extent.  By  this 
movement  nearly  one  thousand  prisoners  fell  into  the 
hands  of  the  Union  troops,  besides  four  pieces  of  artil- 


332  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

leiy,  caissons  and  horses,  more  than  a  thousand  stand 
of  small  arms,  and  a  quantity  of  ammunition.  A  wide 
breach  was  made  in  the  enemy's  lines*  and  there  was 
nothing  to  prevent  an  advance  into  the  city,  had  sup 
ports  come  up  in  time.  But  the  other  corps  did  not 
advance,  and  when  the  First  and  Third  Divisions  at 
tacked,  at  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  the  enemy 
was  prepared  to  meet  them,  and  they  were  repulsed 
with  immense  slaughter. 

On  the  18th  the  enemy  was  driven  hack  to  his  inner 
line  of  fortifications,  and  the  army  took  up  that  line 
from  the  Appomattox,  running  south,  which  it  fortified 
with  much  labor  and  skill,  and  occupied  with  some 
slight  changes  during  the  succeeding  ten  months,  ex 
tending  it  at  different  times  to  the  south  and  west, 
until  it  nearly  encompassed  the  city.  The  Ninth  Corps 
occupied  this  part  of  the  line  until  the  20th  of  August, 
and  during  the  whole  of  that  time  the  picket  firing  was 
incessant,  both  day  and  night.  It  was  one  continual 
engagement,  and  the  troops  were  constantly  under  fire 
for  nine  weeks — alternately  laboring  on  the  intrench- 
ments,  or  watching  the  enemy  with  musket  in  hand, 
and  firing  whenever  there  was  a  head  to  be  seen  in  the 
opposing  line.  The  loss,  in  consequence,  was  very 
heavy,  amounting  to  two  officers  and  sixteen  men  killed, 
and  six  officers  and  one  hundred  and  two  men  wounded. 
So  arduous  was  the  duty  from  the  5th  of  May  to  the 
20th  of  August,  that  both  officers  and  men  were  so 
completely  exhausted  and  worn  out,  from  constant 
hardship,  watching  and  exertion,  that  they  could  lie 
down  and  sleep  soundly  under  the  booming  of  cannon, 
the  rattle  of  musketry  and  the  whistle  of  bullets. 
While  lying  in  this  position,  on  the  15th  of  July,  Lieut. 
Colonel  Bixby  received  a  wound  in  the  shoulder,  which 
disabled  him  for  three  months.  During  this  time  the 
command  devoted  upon  Capt.  Robert  L.  Ela. 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  333 

The  "Mine"  in  front  of  Petersburg  was  excavated 
by  the  Second  Division  of  the  Ninth  Corps,  the  labor 
being  performed  principally  by  the  Forty-eighth  Penn 
sylvania.  The  place  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  in  the  line 
of  intrenchments  was  directly  in  front  of  and  covering 
the  mouth  of  the  mine.  On  the  night  of  the  29th  of 
July,  every  thing  being  in  readiness,  the  troops  were 
put  in  position  for  the  assault,  and  just  after  daylight 
on  the  morning  of  the  30th,  the  mine  was  sprung.  The 
assault  was  led  by  the  First  Division,  General  Ledlie, 
which  failed  to  do  the  work  assigned  to  it.  The  Second 
Division,  and  particularly  the  brigade  to  which  the 
Sixth  belonged,  did  every  thing  that  could  be  done; 
pushing  on  in  advance  of  all  other  troops,  and  driving 
the  rebels  before  them  by  hand  to  hand  fighting.  But 
the  first  hour  being  lost  by  the  halting  of  Ledlie's 
division  in  the  "  crater,"  thus  blocking  the  way  and 
giving  the  enemy  time  to  collect  their  force  and  con 
centrate  their  fire,  it  was  too  late  to  retrieve  the  day, 
despite  the  most  strenuous  exertions.  The  troops  were 
withdrawn  in  the  afternoon  of  the  same  day,  by  order 
of  General  Grant.  In  this  disastrous  affair  the  Sixth 
Regiment  bore  a  brave  and  conspicuous  part,  losing 
Capt.  Crossfield  and  Lieut.  Upton,  killed,  and  Captains 
Ela  and  Greenleaf,  Adjutant  Smith  and  Lieut.  Hans- 
comb,  wounded.  The  entire  loss  of  the  regiment  was 
fifty-two  killed  and  wounded. 

Among  those  conspicuous  for  gallantry  on  this  occa 
sion  was  Sergeant  Major  Abraham  Cohn,  who  was 
wounded,  and  who  afterward  received  one  of  the  medals 
of  honor  authorized  by  Congress  to  be  given  to  merito 
rious  soldiers.  The  medal  was  awarded  by  the  Secretary 
of  War,  on  recommendation  of  the  brigade,  division  and 
corps  commanders,  approved  by  General  Meade,  and 
transcribed  by  Adjutant  General  Townsend,  with  quite 
a  flattering  letter  accompanying.  The  medal  bears  the 


334  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

following  inscription :  "  The  Congress,  to  Sergeant 
Major  Abraham  Cohn,  Sixth  New  Hampshire  Yet. 
Vols."  On  the  20th  of  August  the  iTinth  Corps  was 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  the  Weldon  Railroad,  aiding 
in  repulsing  a  furious  attack  .of  the  enemy  on  the  Fifth 
Corps.  The  Sixth  Regiment  sustained  itself  handsome 
ly,  losing  one  man  killed  and  several  wounded. 

On  the  30th  of  September  the  battle  of  Poplar  Spring 
Church  took  place,  in  which  the  Ninth  Corps  partici 
pated.  The  Sixth  Regiment  was  in  the  thickest  of  the 
fight,  and  lost  in  killed,  -wounded  and  missing,  four 
officers  and  eighty-seven  men.  The  field  was  held,  and 
a  new  line  of  intrenchments  was  thrown  up,  in  wrhich 
the  regiment  remained  until  December.  On  the  19th 
of  October  Capt.  S.  D.  Quarles,  who  had  been  absent 
on  account  of  severe  wounds  received  on  the  18th  of 
May,  returned  to  the  regiment,  and  was  immediately 
mustered  as  Major. 

The  Ninth  Corps  returned  to  its  original  position  in 
front  of  Petersburg,  early  in  December,  holding  the 
right  of  the  line  of  the  army  of  the  Potomac,  next  to 
the  Appomattox  river.  Griffin's  brigade  occupied  the 
left  of  the  Corps,  including  Forts  Sedgwick,  "Hell," 
Davis,  and  Alexander  Hayes,  and  batteries  No.  24  and 
25.  The  Sixth  Regiment  lay  in  rear  of  Fort  Alexander 
Hayes,  occupying  this  camp  until  the  final  assault  on 
the  2d  of  April,  1865,  which  gave  us  Petersburg,  and 
consequently  Richmond.  On  the  evening  of  the  1st 
of  April  orders  were  received  to  be  prepared  to  unite 
in  a  general  attack  on  the  enemy's  lines  the  next  morn 
ing,  at  four  o'clock.  At  ten  o'clock  the  same  evening, 
orders  were  received  to  attack  the  enemy's  picket  line 
at  once,  and  the  Sixth  and  other  regiments  of  its  brig 
ade  marched  out  and  attacked  that  night  to  the  left  of 
Fort  Davis,  capturing  eight  officers  and  two  hundred 
and  forty-one  men,  and  carrying  their  picket  line  for 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  335 

more  than  half  a  mile  in  extent.  The  'troops  were 
withdrawn,  and  transferred  in  the  darkness  to  the 
Jerusalem  plank  road,  and  massed  to  the  left  of  and 
near  Fort  Sedgwick.  The  ditches  of  the  Union  in 
trenched  line  were  filled  with  water,  as  well  as  those 
of  the  enemy.  Both  these  were  to  be  passed,  then  the 
strong  abattis  of  their  main  line  was  to  be  cut  away  or 
removed,  their  main  ditches  passed,  their  parapets 
scaled,  and  their  works  carried.  The  brigade  was 
formed  in  column  by  regiments  in  line  of  battle,  and 
the  Sixth  was  near  the  head  of  the  column.  Just  at 
daybreak,  at  a  preconcerted  signal,  the  column  advanced 
to  the  charge.  Nothing  could  exceed  the  coolness  and 
intrepidity  with  which  both  officers  and  men,  under  a 
terrific  fire  of  grape,  canister  and  musketry,  advanced 
to  the  assault.  Capturing  the  rebel  pickets  as  they 
passed,  they  dashed  upon  the  enemy's  main  works, 
tearing  away  their  abattis,  sweeping  over  their  parapets, 
and  carrying  all  before  them.  Hundreds  of  prisoners 
were  sent  to  the  rear,  and  their  complete  line  of  works 
in  front  of  Fort  Sedgwick,  with  many  pieces  of  artil 
lery,  fell  into  our  hands.  The  Sixth  Regiment  dashed 
upon  a  small  fort,  near  Fort  Mahone,  planted  its  colors 
on  the  parapet,  captured  four  pieces  of  artillery,  and 
turned  them  upon  the  enemy.  The  rebels  brought 
up  re-enforcements,  and  made  a  furious  counter  charge, 
but  the  works  were  firmly  held.  During  the  night  the 
enemy  withdrew,  and  the  next  morning  at  -daybreak 
our  forces  entered  the  city  without  opposition.  For 
gallant  and  highly  meritorious  conduct  in  this  affair, 
Lieut.  Colonel  Bixby  was  brevetted  Colonel,  Major 
Quarles  Lieut.  Colonel,  and  Captain  S.  G.  Goodwin 
Major.  The  regiment  lost  six  men  killed  and  twenty- 
five  wounded. 

From  Petersburg  the  Sixth  Regiment  marched  with  its 
corps  in  pursuit  of  Lee  and  his  army,  arriving  at  Burks- 


336  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

ville  on  the  $th  of  April.  On  the  20th,  the  rehel  forces 
having  been  captured  or  dispersed,  and  the  war  being  at 
an  end,  the  regiment  marched  to  City  Point,  and  from 
there  sailed  for  Alexandria,  where  it  arrived  on  the  27th. 
On  the  1st  of  June  Lieut.  Col.  Bixby  was  promoted  to 
Colonel,  Major  Quarles  to  Lieut.  Colonel,  and  Captain 
Robert  L.  Ela  to  Major.  On  the  17th  of  July  the  regi 
ment  was  mustered  out  of  the  United  States  service, 
being  the  last  remaining  regiment  of  the  Second  Divis 
ion,  Ninth  Corps,  of  which  Gen.  Griffin  was  then  in 
command. 

It  has  been  said  of  it  that  "  No  regiment  from  the 
State  and  none  in  the  army  had  won  a  prouder  name,  or 
made  a  more  honorable  record  than  the  gallant  old  veter 
an  Sixth.  No  regiment  had  seen  more  severe  cam 
paigning,  done  more  or  better  service,  or  been  oftener 
under  fire.  Few  regiments  went  through  the  war  with 
so  little  internal  dissension  and  so  much  harmony  among 
officers.  Few  regiments  endured  the  hardships  of  the 
service  with  so  much  fortitude  and  so  little  grumbling ; 
for  they  were  men  whose  hearts  were  in  the  work  of 
crushing  out  the  rebellion.  When,  at  various  times, 
calls  were  made  for  the  names  of  men  to  whom  medals 
should  be  awarded  for  gallant  conduct  upon  the  field, 
few  names  were  ever  given,  for  the  reason  that  so  many 
had  done  well  it  was  hard  to  designate  a  small  number. 
Captains  would  report  that  almost  every  one  of  their 
men  might  be  recommended,  but  it  would  be  invidious 
to  name  a  few." 

The  Sixth  Regiment  was  actively  engaged  in  the  fol 
lowing  battles : 

Camden,  North  Carolina,  April  19,  1862. 

Second  Bull  Run,  Va.,  August  29,  1862. 

Chantilly,  Va.,  September  1,  1862. 

South  Mountain,  Md.,  September  13,  1862. 


SIXTH  REGIMENT.  337 

Antietam,  Md.,  September  17,  1862. 

Fredericks!) nrg,  Va.,  December  13,  1862. 

Siege  of  Vicksburg,  Mississippi, 
Jackson,  Mississippi, 

Wilderness,  Va.,  May  6,  1864. 

Spottsylvania  Court  House,  Va.,  May  12  and  18, 1864. 
North  Anna  River,  Ya.,  May  24,  1864. 

Ptolopotamy  Creek,      "  May  31,  1864. 

Betliesda  Church,          "  June  2,  1864. 

Cold  Harbor,  "  June  3,  1864. 

Petersburg,  "     June  16,  17  and  18,  1864. 

Weldon  Railroad,          "  July  30,  1864. 

Poplar  Spring  Church,  "  September  30,  1864. 

Hatcher's  Run,  "  October  27,  1864. 

Petersburg,  "  April  2,  1865. 

In  addition  to  these  the  regiment  participated  in  a 
great  number  of  reconnoissances  and  skirmishes,  in 
which  it  lost  no  men.  Many  days  during  the  campaign 
in  the  Wilderness,  and  for  nine  weeks  before  Petersburg, 
the  regiment  was  constantly  under  fire  and  lost  men 
almost  every  day,  making  a  large  aggregate.  The  Sixth 
was  more  often  sent  forward  as  skirmishers  than  any 
other  regiment.  It  always  did  the  skirmishing  for  its 
brigade,  and  often  for  its  division.  Company  C  almost 
always  skirmished  for  the  regiment.  The  regiment  was 
particularly  well  drilled  for  this  especial  duty.  While 
at  Roanoke  and  Hatteras  Islands  the  men  were  drilled 
and  practiced  every  day  for  three  months  as  sharp 
shooters,  and  they  were  considered  the  best  shots  in 
the  Ninth  Army  Corps. 

The  Sixth  Regiment  arrived  at  Concord  on  the  22d  of 
July,  1865,  where  it  was  given  a  formal  reception  by  the 
State  authorities  and  citizens,  and  the  men  were  imme 
diately  paid  off  and  discharged. 


338  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 


SEVENTH  REGIMEOTT. 


On  the  2cl  of  September,  1861,  Joseph  C.  Abbott, 
of  Manchester,  late  Adjutant  General  of  the  State, 
received  authority  directly  from  the  War  Department 
at  Washington,  to  raise  a  regiment  of  infantry  in  New 
Hampshire,  and  uniform,  arm,  equip  and  make  it  ready 
for  the  field.  At  that  time  and  very  soon  after,  the 
State  ordered  the  raising  of  four  regiments  of  infantry, 
a  battery,  a  company  of  sharpshooters,  and  a  battalion 
of  cavalry.  The  raising  of  the  Seventh  was  regarded 
somewhat  in  the  light  of  an  individual  enterprise,  and 
was  therefore  surrounded  by  many  difficulties  and  em 
barrassments,  and  its  success  was  thought  by  some  to 
be  quite  doubtful.  The  State  authorities  offered  to 
men  enlisting  in  this  the  same  bounty,  ten  dollars,  that 
they  paid  those  entering  other  regiments,  and  in  other 
ways  gave  to  the  undertaking  such  encouragement  as 
they  could  without  interfering  with  their  own  imme 
diate  plans.  The  headquarters  of  the  regiment  were 
established  at  Manchester,  and  on  the  2d  of  October 
General  Abbott  was  commissioned  Lieut.  Colonel — he 
waving  his  right  to  the  position  of  Colonel  only  on  con 
dition  that  it  should  be  given  to  some  graduate  of  West 
Point.  There  was  an  understanding  between  the  State 
authorities  and  General  Abbott,  from  the  first,  that 
such  men  should  be  commissioned  as  he  should  desig 
nate.  He  nominated  First  Lieut.  II.  S.  Putnam,  of 
the  United  States  Topographical  Engineers  and  a  native 
of  the  State,  as  Colonel,  and  Daniel  Smith,  of  Dover, 
as  Major,  and  they  were  commissioned  by  the  Governor. 
The  requisite  number  of  men  were  enlisted  and  the 


SEVENTH  REGIMENT. 

organization  and  muster  in  of  the  regiment  was  com 
pleted  on  the  14th  of  December.  The  following  were 
the  field,  staff  and  company  officers  of  the  regiment, 
and  their  official  record,  during  the  whole  period  of 
its  service  • 

FIELD    AND    STAFF    OFFICERS. 

COLONELS — Haldimand  S.  Putnam,  of  Cornish. 

Killed  at  Fort  Wagner,  S.  C.,  July  18,  1863. 

Joseph  C.  Abbott,  of  Manchester. 

Appointed  Brigadier  General  U.  S  Vols.  by  brevet,  for  gallant  services  at 
the  capture  of  Fort  Fisher,  N.  C.,  to  date  from  Jan.  15,  1865.  Mustered  out 
July  20,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonels — Joseph  C.  Abbott,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  July  22,  1863. 

Thomas  A.  Henderson,  of  Dover. 

KilleJl  at  Deep  Run,  Va.,  Aug.  16,  1864. 

Augustus  W.  Rollins,  of  Rollinsford. 

Wounded  Oct.  7,  1864.  Appointed  Colonel  U.  S.  Vols.,  by  brevet,  for  gal 
lant  and  meritorious  conduct  at  the  storming  of  Fort  Fisher,  N.  C.,  to  date 
from  March  13,  1865.  Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Majors — Daniel  Smith,  of  Dover. 

Died  of  disease  Aug.  26,  1862. 

Thomas  A.  Henderson,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  July  22,  1863. 

Augustus  "W.  Rollins,  of  Rollinsford. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Sept.  30,  1864. 

Jeremiah  S.  Durgin,  of  Fisherville. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Adjutants — Thomas  A.  Henderson,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Major  Aug.  26,  1862. 

Henry  G.  Webber,  of  Charlestown. 

Dismissed  Nov.  12,  1864. 

John  Greene,  of  Concord. 

Appointed  Captain  U.  S.  Vols.  by  brevet,  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
conduct  at  the  storming  of  Fort  Fisher,  N.  C.,  to  date  from  March  13,  1865. 
Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Quartermasters — Andrew  H.  Young,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Captain  and  A.  Q.  M.,  Nov.  25,  1862. 

George  S.  Hanson,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Surgeons — William  W.  Brown,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  July  22,  1864. 


340  THE  OREA  T  REBELLION. 

Sylvan  us  Bunton,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Ass't  Surgeons — Henry  Boynton,  of  Wc*>dstoek,  Vt 

Resigned  Jan.  24, 1864. 

William  II.  Smart,  jr.,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  Nov.  20,  1862. 

Moses  S.  Wilson,  of  Salisbury. 

Honorably  discharged  June  17,  1864. 

Sylvanus  Bunton,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  Aug.  24,  1864. 

George  T.  Perry,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Chaplain — Joseph  C.  Emerson,  of  Fisherville. 

Captured  at  Newmarket  Roads,  Va,,  Sept  20,  1864.     Returned  Jan.  14, 
1865.     Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Sergeant  Majors — George  II.  Elliott. 

Discharged  for  disability  Nov.  1862. 

George  F.  McCabe,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  July  20,  1863. 

"William  McLeod  Moore. 

Re-enlisted  Feb.  22,  1864.     Discharged  for  disability  July  2,  1864. 

Edwin  D.  Hand,  of  Rye. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  1,  1865. 

Augustus  L.  Litchtield. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Quartermaster  Sergeants — George  S.  Hanson,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Quartermaster  Nov.  26,  1862, 

Darius  Merrill,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

James  A.  Hills. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Commissary  Sergeants — Henry  G.  Lowell. 

Re- enlisted  F*eb.  28, 1864.     Promoted  to  Second  Lieut,  to  date  from  Feb.  6, 
1864. 

James  M.  Seavey,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  May  1,  1865. 

Thomas  Bush. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Hospital  Stewards — "William  G.  Brown. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

Henry  S.  Bunton,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Principal  Musicians — Hiram  S.  Clitfbrd. 

Reduced  to  ranks  and  assigned  to  Co.  C. 


SEVENTH  REGIMENT.  341 

Avery  Bixby. 

Re-enlisted  Feb.  27,  1864.     Mustered  oat  July  20,  1865. 

Horace  P.  Buel. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

Patrick  McKenna. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 
COMPANY   OFFICERS. 

Co.  A. — Captains — Jona,  F.  Cotton,  of  Strafford. 

Resigned  Feb.  8,  1804. 

Charles  Hooper,  of  Sornersworth. 

Wounded  May  16,  1864.     Musterei  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

Charles  P.  Dermison. 

Mustered  out  July  20, 1 860. 

First  Lieuts. — Granville  P.  Mason,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  NOT.  1,  1862. 

Charles  Hooper,  of  Somersworth. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  6, 1864. 

Paul  Whipple,  of  New  Boston. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  12,  1864. 

Charles  P.  Den ni son. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  22,  1864. 

James  M.  Seavev,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Virgil  H.  Cate,  of  Manchester. 

'Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  23, 1862. 

Calvin  Shedd,  of  Enfield. 

Resigned  Dec.  31, 1863. 

Mansel  Otis,  of  Claremont. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  22, 1864. 

Co.  B. — Captains — Orlando  Lawrence,  of  Nashua. 

Dismissed  Oct.  28,  1862. 

Granville  P.  Mason,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  31, 1864. 

Charles  A.  Lawrence,  of  Nashua. 

Transferred  to  Co.  G. 

Edwin  D.  Rand,  of  Rye. 

"  Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — David  B.  Currier,  of  Danville. 

Resigned  April  28,  1862. 

Ezra  Davis,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  July  18,  1863.    Died  of  wounds  Aug.  6, 1863. 


342  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

George  "W.  Taylor,  of  Salem. 

Killed  at  Olustee,  Fla.,  Feb.  20,  1864. 

Heber  J.  Davis,  of  Hancock. 

Wounded    severely    May   14,  1864.      Wounded    severely   Oct.   27,   1864. 
Honorably  discharged  on  account  of  wounds,  March  27,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Ezra  Davis,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  29,  1862. 

George  W.  Taylor,  of  Salem. 

Wounded  at  Fort  Wagner,  S.  C.,  July  18, 1863.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut. 
Aug.  7,  1863. 

James  A.  Cobb,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

Co.  C. — Captains — Jesse  E.  George,  of  Plaistow. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut,  April  28,  1862. 

Jerome  B.  House,  of  Lebanon. 

Wounded  July  18,  1863.     Died  of  wounds  Oct.  25.  1863. 

William  C.  Knowlton,  of  Manchester. 

Cashiered  Jan.  1,1864. 

Joseph  E.  Clifford,  of  London. 

Wounded  severely  Feb.  20,  1864.     Honorably  discharged  Oct.  29,  1864. 

George  F.  McCabe,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Jerome  B.  House,  of  Lebanon. 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  29,  1862. 

Samuel  Williams,  of  Enfield. 

Resigned  July  23,  1862. 

Virgil  H.  Gate,  of  Manchester. 

Captured  Jan.  9, 1863.     Exchanged  June  12,  1863.     Killed  at  Fort  Wag 
ner,  S.  C.,  July  18,1863. 

William  F.  Spaulding,  of  Hollis. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  22, 1864. 

Clement  F.  S.  Ames,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Samuel  Williams,  of  Enlield. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  29,  1862. 

Andrew  J.  Lane. 

Killed  at  Fort  Wagner,  S.  C.,  July  18,  1863. 

George  F.  McCabe,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  30,  1864. 

Co.  D. — Captains — James  M.  Chase,  of  Hopkinton. 

Wounded  slightly  Feb.  20,  1864.     Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

Grovenor  A.  Curtice,  of  Hopkinton. 

Mustered  out  July  20, 1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Wm.  C.  Knowlton,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  26,  1863. 


SEVENTH  REGIMENT.  343 

Ferdinand  Davis,  of  Lebanon. 

Wounded  severely  Feb.  20,  1864.     Mustered  out  Dec.  22.  1864. 

Frank  Robie,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  from  Co.  G.     Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Chas.  Hooper,  of  Somersworth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  1,  1862. 

Alfred  X.  Bennett,  of  Nashua. 

Killed  at  Fort  Wagner,  S.  C.,  July  18,  1863. 

Charles  A.  Lawrence,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  June  18,  1864.     Wounded  Sept,  15,  1864.    -Promoted  to  Captain 
Nov.  2,  1864  ' 

Co.  E. — Captains — Jeremiah  S.  Durgin,  of  Fisherville. 

Promoted  to  Major  Sept.  30,  1864. 

John  A.  Coburn,  of  Hollis. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Timothy  Dow,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  Aug.  22,  1863. 

Robert  Burt,  of  Concord. 

Wounded  severely  Feb.  20,  1864.     Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

Charles  B.  Wallace,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Henry  A.  Baker,  of  Boscawen. 

Killed  at  Fort  Wagner,  S.  C.,  July  18,  1863. 

True  "W.  Arlin,  of  Canterbury. 

Wounded  severely  Feb.  20,  1864.     Died  of  wounds  March  23,  1864. 

Co.  F. — Captains — Augustus  W.  Rollins,  of  Rollinsford. 

Promoted  to  Major  July  23,  1863. 

Charles  Cain,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

First  Lieuts. — Oliver  M.  Clark,  of  Dover. 

Resigned  Aug.  22,  1863. 

Francis  White,  of  Antrim. 

Honorably  discharged  Dec.  29,  1864. 

John  A.  Rand,  of  Rye. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — F.  Gr.  "Wentworth,  of  Rollinsford. 

Resigned  June  3,  1863. 

George  Roberts,  of  Dover. 

Wounded  and  captured  Feb.  20,  1864.     Released.     Promoted  to  Captain 
Dec.  22,  1864. 

Co.  G.  Captains— Henry  B.  Leavitt,  of  Pittsfield. 

Wounded  and  captured  July  18,  1863.    Died  of  wounds  at  Charleston,  S.  C., 
July  21,  1863. 


344  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Penuel  C.  Ham,  of  New  Durham. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

Charles  A.  Lawrence,  of  Nashua. 

Transferred  to  Co.  B.     Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Penuel  C.  Hani,  of  New  Durham. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  22,  1868. 

Joseph  E.  Clifford,  of  Loudon. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  1,  1864. 

William  W.  W.  Walker. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  28,  1864. 

Frank  Robie,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Co.  D. 

George  W.  Dicey,  of  Gilmanton. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Joseph  E.  Clifford,  of  Loudon. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  23,  1863. 

Joseph  A.  Jacobs. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept.  24,  1864. 

Calvin  Brown. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  13,  1864. 

Co.  H. — Captains — Nathan  M.  Ames,  of  Hollis. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

First  Lieuts. — Alvah  K  Potter,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  June  30,  1862. 

John  H.  Worcester,  of  Hollis. 

Wounded  July  18,  1863.     Died  of  wounds  July  25,  1863. 

Charles  H.  Farley,  of  Hollis. 

Wounded  severely  Feb.  20,  1864.     Died  of  wounds  Feb.  24,  1864. 

John  A.  Coburn,  of  Hollis. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  12,  1864. 

Calvin  Brown,  of  Ossipee. 

Transferred  to  Co.  I. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  H.  Worcester,  of  Hollis. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  30,  1862. 

Charles  H.  Farley,  of  Hollis. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  August  6,  1863. 

Francis  Lovejoy,  of  Hollis. 

Honorably  discharged  April  28,  1864. 

Charles  P.  Dennison,  of  Lancaster. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  13,  1864. 

Co.  I. — Captains — Joseph  Freschl,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  July  7,  1864. 

Paul  Whipple,  of  New  Boston. 

Transferred  to  Co.  K, 


SEVENTH  REGIMENT.  345 

First  Lieuts. — Charles  Craine,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  24,  1863. 

Hazen  G.  Dodge,  of  Merrimack. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

Calvin  Brown,  of  Ossipee. 

Transferred  from  Co.  H.     Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Perley  B.  Bryant,  of  Dover. 

Killed  at  Fort  Wagner,  S.  C.,  July  18,  1863. 

Heber  J.  Davis,  of  Hancock. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  6,  1864. 

Henry  G.  Lowell. 

Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

Co.  K. — Captains — "Warren  E.  F.  Brown,  of  Manchester. 

Killed  at  Fort  Wagner,  S.  C.,  July  18,  1863. 

Leander  W.  Fogg,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

Paul  Whipple,  of 'New  Boston. 

Transferred  from  Co.  I.     Mustered  out  July  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Leander  W.  Fogg,  of  New  Boston. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  19,  1864. 

William  A.  Hill,  of  Deny. 

Wounded  severely  June  17,  1864.     Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

Second  Lieuts. — William  A.  Hill,  of  New  Boston. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  20,  1863. 

George  M.  Chase,  of  Cornish. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  22,  1864. 

Josiah  H.  Gage,  of  New  Boston. 

Died  of  wounds. 


COLONEL   HALDIMAND    SUMNER    PUTNAM. 

Colonel  Putnam  was  born  at  Cornish,  Sullivan  County, 
New  Hampshire,  on  the  15th  of  October,  1835.  He  was 
a  son  of  Hon.  John  L.  Putnam,  of  that  town,  who  was 
for  many  years  previous  to  1855  Judge  of  Probate  for 
Sullivan  County,  a  good  farmer  and  highly  respected 
citizen.  Young  Putnam  received  a  good  public  school 
and  academic  education,  and  when  about  sixteen  years 
old,  entered  the  Military  Academy  at  West  Point,  from 
'which  institution  he  graduated  with  high  honors  in 
July,  1857.  Soon  after  receiving  his  degree,  he  was 


346  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

brevetted  a  Second  Lieutenant  in  the  Corps  of  Topo 
graphical  Engineers,  and  at  once  entered  the  United 
States  service,  and  was  assigned  to  duty  at  different 
points  on  the  Western  frontier.  His  merits  were  soon 
known  and  appreciated,  and  for  faithful  services  he  was 
commissioned  a  Second  Lieutenant  in  the  Engineer 
Corps,  and  subsequently  promoted  to  First  Lieutenant. 
His  education,  ability,  character  and  devotion  to  duty 
were  such  as  to  gain  the  respect  of  his  superior  officers 
and  the  confidence  of  the  government.  While  on  the 
Western  frontier  his  marches  were  often  arduons  and 
his  privations  severe.  On  one  journey  from  the  western 
coast  to  the  Utah  country,  in  the  winter,  the  troops  of 
Lieut.  Putnam's  command  suffered  intensely  from  cold, 
and  subsequently  from  hunger.  They  consumed  their 
last  ration  the  day  before  they  reached  the  vicinity  of 
Salt  Lake  City,  where  their  necessities  could  be  sup 
plied.  In  all  times  of  hardship  and  privation  young 
Putnam  exhibited  great  cheerfulness,  courage  and  deter 
mination  to  overcome  every  obstacle  and  danger  which 
might  gather  in  his  pathway  or  interfere  with  the  per 
formance  of  duty. 

Early  in  the  year  1861,  when  the  spirit  of  secession 
began  to  assume  the  hideous  form  and  shape  of  treason 
to  the  government  of  the  country,  Lieut.  Putnam  was 
summoned  to  Washington,  and  entrusted  with  special 
messages  of  the  greatest  importance,  to  convey  to  Fort 
Pickens.  He  traveled  by  railroad  through  the  seceded 
and  disaffected  States,  accomplished  his  mission,  and 
was  returning  to  Washington,  when  he  was  arrested,  at 
Montgomery,  Alabama,  by  the  military  authorities,  and 
there  kept  in  prison  several  days.  He  was  finally  per 
mitted  to  resume  his  journey,  and  reported  to  the  Sec 
retary  of  War.  He  was  then  assigned  to  an  important 
and  responsible  position  on  General  McDowell's  staff, 
where  he  remained  until  relieved  to  accept  the  Colonel- 


SEVENTH  REGIMENT.  347 

cy  of  the  Seventh  Regiment,  New  Hampshire  Volun 
teers.  While  on  the  staff  of  General  McDowell  Lieut. 
Putnam  performed  many  arduous  and  important  duties 
with  a  fidelity,  faithfulness  and  skill  which  attracted 
the  notice  of  his  superiors  in  rank  and  evinced  his  great 
military  ability.  In  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run  he  was 
in  the  thickest  of  the  fight,  showed  great  coolness  and 
bravery,  but  came  out  unharmed. 

During  the  first  few  months  of  the  war,  when  treason 
in  the  regular  army  was  the  rule  rather  than  the  excep 
tion,  a  patriotic  and  faithful  young  officer,  with  the  edu 
cation  and  ability  to  command  was  appreciated,  and  his 
services  were  sorely  needed  to  lead  the  troops  from 
every  New  England  state.  Young  Putnam  had  taken 
his  position  upon  the  side  of  the  Union,  and  shown  most 
emphatically  that  he  hated  treason  and  was  willing,  if 
need  be,  to  seal  his  loyalty  with  his  blood.  Governor 
Berry  offered  him  the  command  of  the  Seventh  Regi 
ment,  which  responsibility  he  at  first  hesitated  about 
accepting,  feeling  that  he  was  too  young  for  so  importa'ht 
a  position,  but  on  being  further  urged  consented  at 
last  to  the  proposition,  and  was  commissioned  on  the 
15th  of  October,  1861.  Soon  after,  with  permission 
from  the  "War  Department,  Colonel  Putnam  joined  his 
regiment,  which  had  been  raised  by  Lieut.  Colonel 
Joseph  C.  Abbott,  at  Manchester,  assumed  command, 
and  entered  with  zeal  upon  the  discharge  of  his  duties, 
which  were  by  no  means  light  or  easy,  and  soon  brought 
his  command  into  a  high  state  of  discipline  and  drill. 
On  the  14th  of  January,  1862,  Colonel  Putnam  left  New 
Hampshire  with  his  regiment  for  the  seat  of  war.  After 
four  weeks  passed  in  barracks  in  New  York  City,  the 
regiment  was  ordered  to  Tortugas  Island,  situated  on 
one  of  the  Florida  Keys,  and  was  at  that  time  the  prin 
cipal  depot  for  the  distribution  of  rations  and  munitions 
of  war  to  the  forts  and  military  posts  of  the  South. 


348  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Colonel  Putnam  immediately  on  his  arrival  there  as 
sumed  command  of  the  post,  the  regiment  being  the 
only  troops  at  that  point,  except  a  few*  regulars.  Here 
the  regiment  remained,  stationed  at  Fort  Jefferson, 
four  months.  Afterward  the  command  was  located  at 
St.  Augustine,  Fla.,  Port  Royal,  S.  C.,  and  in  the  vicin 
ity  of  Charleston.  The  first  important  action  in  which 
the  Seventh  Regiment  was  engaged  was  the  memorable 
assault  upon  Fort  "Wagner.  For  several  months  preced 
ing  this  engagement  Colonel  Putnam  had  been  an  acting 
Brigadier  General,  and  was  fighting  with  that  rank  at 
the  time*  he  was  killed.  His  command  consisted  of  his 
own  and  several  regiments  from  the  middle  States.  In 
the  terrible  assault  upon  Fort  Wagner  he  displayed  the 
most  sublime  courage  and  bravery,  leading  his  command 
through  a  most  deadly  storm  of  shot  and  shell,  encourag 
ing  his  men  by  his  own  gallant  example,  until  he  fell 
mortally  wounded,  close  up  to  the  enemy's  works. 

In  March,  1863,  Colonel  Putnam  was  commissioned  a 
Captain  in  the  United  States  Army.  He  was  a  strict 
disciplinarian,  but  always  so  dignified,  candid  and  just 
in  his  relations  and  intercourse  with  his  officers  and  men 
as -ip  secure  and  retain  their  unbounded  respect  and 
warmest  affections.  In  his  death  the  army  lost  one  of 
its  bravest  and  ablest  commanders,  and  his  regiment  a 
gallant,  honored  and  beloved  Colonel.  He  united  with 
the  highest  military  talent  a  spotless  character  and  many 
endearing  qualities  of  head  and  heart.  He  was  among 
the  dearest  sacrifices  made  by  the  government  to  put 
down  a  wicked  rebellion. 

BRIGADIER  GENERAL  JOSEPH  C.  ABBOTT. 

General  Joseph  C.  Abbott  is  a  son  of  Aaron  Abbott, 
of  Concord,  Merrimack  County,  New  Hampshire,  and 
was  born  in  that  city  on  the  15th  of  July,  1825.  He 


Ccl. 7  r  N.HVels  Brevet  bria.  Gen1  (     >-~~ols' 


SEVENTH  REGIMENT.  349 

attended  the  public  schools  of  Concord,  and  subse 
quently  fitted  for  college  under  a  private  instructor  and 
at  Phillips  Academy,  Andover,  Mass.  Instead  of  enter 
ing  college,  as  he  had  designed,  he  read  law  with  Hon. 
L.  D.  Stevens,  the  present  Mayor  of  Concord,  for  a  time, 
and  afterward  with  Hon.  David  Cross,  of  Manchester,  and 
Hon.  As*a  Fowler,  of  Concord.  Having  a  very  decided 
taste  for  literary  pursuits,  he  was  employed  as  editor  of 
the  Manchester  American  for  six  months  from  April, 
1851,  and  for  the  following  six  months  w^as  editor  of  the 
New  Hampshire  Statesman,  published  at  Concord.  On 
the  1st  of  May,  1852,  he  removed  to  Manchester,  where 
he  continued  his  residence  until  after  the  close  of  the 
war,  and  became  permanently  connected  with  the  Amer 
ican  as  its  editor  and  proprietor  until  1857,  when  he 
disposed  of  his  interest  in  the  paper  and  the  printing 
establishment  connected  therewith.  In  May,  1859, 
General  Abbott  became  one  of  the  editors  and  proprie 
tors  of  the  Boston  Atlas  and  Bee,  and  so  continued  until 
May,  1861.  He  was  chairman  of  the  committee  that 
reported  the  resolutions  in  the  Whig  Presidential  State 
Convention  of  New  Hampshire  in  1852,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Whig  State  Central  Committee  two 
years,  the  last  of  which  he  was  chairman. 

In  July,  1855,  General  Abbott  was  appointed  by 
the  Governor  and  Council,  Adjutant  General  of  the 
State,  which  office  he  held  until  July,  1861,  when  he 
resigned.  For  several  years  he  was  an  active  and  useful 
member  of  the  New  Hampshire  Historical  Society,  and 
always  took  a  lively  interest  in  whatever  related  to  the 
welfare  of  the  State.  In  1857,  while  Adjutant  General — 
the  State  being  without  any  effective  military  organi 
zation,  and  feeling  that  in  time  of  peace  we  should 
prepare  for  war, — he  drafted  an  elaborate  bill  providing 
for  a  thorough  organization  of  the  volunteer  militia  of 
the  State,  and  through  his  activity  and  influence  secured 


350  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

its  enactment  into  a  law,  which  is,  with  some  slight 
modifications,  the  law  of  New  Hampshire  upon  that 
H abject  still. 

On  the  2d  day  of  September,  1861,  General  Abbott 
received  authority  from  the  War  Department  to  raise 
a  regiment  of  infantry  in  the  State  of  New  Hampshire. 
About  that  time  the  State  authorities  were  organizing 
four  regiments  of  infantry,  a  battery,  a  company  of 
sharpshooters,  and  a  battalion  of  cavalry,  making  a 
very  heavy  draft  upon  its  available  men.  It  was  with 
some  difficulty  that  General  Abbott  could  get  the  Gov 
ernor  and  Council  to  extend  to  him  such  assistance  as 
was  absolutely  necessary  to  secure  the  success  of  his 
undertaking,  absorbed  as  they  were  in  other  matters 
more  immediately  pressing  upon  them.  By  his  indom 
itable  perseverance,  however,  he  succeeded  in  securing 
the  requisite  number  of  men,  and  established  the  head 
quarters  of  his  regiment,  which  had  been  numbered 
the  Seventh,  at  Manchester.  Determined  as  he  was 
that  his  should  be  the  model  regiment  from  the  State, 
he  desired  that  it  should  be  commanded  by  a  man  with 
a  thorough  military  education,  who  had  seen  service 
in  the  field  :  hence  he  asked  only  for  the  Lieut.  Colonel 
cy  for  himself,  and  nominated  Lieut.  Haldimand  S. 
Putnam,  a  graduate  of  West  Point,  a  native  of  Cornish, 
in  this  State,  and  who  had  been  in  a  responsible  position 
on  the  staff  of  General  McDowell  since  the  breaking 
out  of  the  rebellion,  to  the  Governor,  for  Colonel. 
Lieut.  Putnam  was  accordingly  commissioned,  and 
Gen.  Abbott  was  commissioned  Lieut.  Colonel.  Early 
in  1863  Colonel  Putnam  was  placed  in  command  of  a 
brigade,  and  Lieut.  Colonel  Abbott  commanded  the 
Seventh  Regiment.  At  the  assault  on  Fort  Wagner, 
on  the  18th  of  July,  1863,  while  leading  his  brigade, 
Colonel  Putnam  was  killed.  The  Seventh  Regiment 
was  in  his  brigade,  under  command  of  the  Lieut.  Col- 


SE  VENTH.  REGIMENT.  351 

onel,  and  suffered  a  loss  of  two  hundred  and  twelve 
officers  and  men,  killed,  wounded  and  missing.  On  the 
22d  of  July,  soon  after  this  disastrous  engagement, 
Lieut.  Colonel  Abbott  was  promoted  to  Colonel  of  his 
regiment,  and  commanded  it  in  most  of  its  severe 
marches  and  bloody  battles,  until  the  summer  of  1864, 
when  he  assumed  command  of  a  brigade ;  after  which 
lie  was  nearly  all  of  the  time,  until  the  close  of  the  war, 
acting  Brigadier  General.  He  commanded  a  brigade 
at  the  capture  of  Fort  Fisher,  North  Carolina,  and  was 
"  appointed  Brigadier  General  United  States  Volun 
teers,  by  brevet,  for  gallant  services  "  on  that  occasion, 
to  date  from  January  15,  1865.  General  Abbott  was 
mustered  out  of  the  United  States  service  with  his  regi 
ment,  returned  to  New  Hampshire  with  it,  and  was  dis 
charged  in  August,  1865. 

After  the  close  of  the  war,  General  Abbott,  in  com 
pany  with  some  other  gentlemen,  purchased  valuable 
timber  lands  in  North  Carolina,  and  he  removed  to 
"Wilmington  and  engaged  actively  in  the  land  and  lum 
ber  business.  He  was  a  member  of  the  North  Carolina 
Constitutional  Convention,  which  assembled  at  Raleigh, 
in  November,  1867,  and  took  a  leading  part  on  commit 
tees  and  in  debates,  showing  an  intimate  knowledge  of 
the  political  affairs  of  the  country  and  a  deep  interest  in 
the  action  of  his  adopted  State  in  the  condition  in  which 
the  war  had  left  it.  In  April,  1868,  he  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature,  and  in  June,  1868,  General  Abbott  was 
elected  United  States  Senator  from  North  Carolina,  for 
the  term  ending  March  4,  1871,  in  which  capacity  he  is 
now  serving  the  country. 

As  a  political  and  general  newspaper  writer  General 
Abbott  had  few  superiors  in  New  England;  as  a  politi 
cian  he  wras  active,  careful  and  conservative;  as  Adjutant 
General  of  the  State,  when  the  war  first  broke  out,  he 
exhibited  true  patriotism,  the  utmost  energy  and  perse- 


352  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

verance  in  raising  and  putting  into  the  field,  in  the  best 
possible  condition  for  efficient  service,  \he  troops  called 
for  by  the  President;  as  a  regimental  and  brigade  com 
mander  in  the  field  he  was  always  cool,  prudent,  careful 
of  his  troops,  gallant  and  fearless  of  consequences 
to  himself,  and  scrupulously  faithful  in  the  discharge 
of  every  duty.  As  a  true  friend  and  high  toned  gentle- 
man  he  had  no  superiors  in  New  Hampshire. 

LIEUT.  COLONEL    THOMAS   ALBERT   HENDERSON. 

Lieut.  Colonel  Henderson  was  a  son  of  Capt.  Samuel 
H.  Henderson,  and  was  born  at  Dover,  Strafford  County, 
New  Hampshire,  December  1st,  1833.  He  completed 
the  preparatory  studies  at  Gil  man  ton  Academy,  and 
entered  Bowdoin  College  in  the  fall  of  1851,  and  gradu 
ated  with  distinction,  at  the  head  of  his  class  in  1855. 
For  the  three  succeeding  years  he  was  principal  of 
Franklin  Academy  in  Dover,  where  he  was  a  popular 
and  successful  teacher.  He  read  law  in  the  office  of 
Messrs.  Woodman  and  Doe,  of  Dover,  and  finished  his 
course  at  Harvard  Law  School  in  1861,  where  he  exhibit 
ed  marked  ability  as  a  scholar  and  debater.  He  won 
the  highest  prize  for  a  legal  essay,  and  received  the 
degree  of  LL.  B.  Soon  after  his  graduation  he  was 
admitted  to  the  Suffolk  Bar  of  Massachusetts,  with 
every  prospect  of  success  and  eminence  in  his  profession 
before  him.  But  the  country  was  in  a  war  with  rebels, 
and  believing  that  every  good  citizen  owed  his  first  duty 
to  his  government  he  determined  to  enter  the  army. 
With  this  end  in  view  he  went  to  Norwich  Vermont, 
where  he  remained  several  months,  under  military  in 
struction  and  drill,  and  then  in  November,  1861,  ac 
cepted  the  position  of  Adjutant  of  the  Seventh  Regi 
ment,  New  Hampshire  Volunteers. 

Upon  the  death  of  Major  Smith,  in  August,  1862,  on 


SEVENTH  REGIMENT.  353 

the  urgent  recommendation  of  Colonel  Putnam,  Adju 
tant  Henderson  was  commissioned  Major.  In  the 
bloody  assault  upon  Fort  Wagner,  on  the  18th  of  July, 
1863,  Major  Henderson  acted  as  aid  to  Colonel  Putnam, 
who  was  in  command  of  a  brigade,  and  was  killed  while 
leading  a  storming  column,  and  in  consequence  of  whose 
death  Lieut.  Colonel  Abbott  was  promoted  to  Colonel, 
and  Major  Henderson  to  Lieut  Colonel,  on  the  22d  of 
the  same  month.  He  subsequently  served  on  the  staff 
of  General  Seymour,  and  was  Provost  Marshal  of 
Florida  during  the  campaign  which  resulted  in  the  dis 
astrous  battle  of  Olustee.  In  the  spring  of  1864,  the 
Seventh  Regiment  was  transferred  to  Virginia,  and 
Lieut.  Colonel  Henderson  led  his  command  in  the  battle 
of  Drury's  Bluff,  where  his  skill  and  gallantry  elicited 
the  highest  commendations  from  the  commanding  Gen 
eral.  He  also  commanded  his  regiment  in  the  engage 
ment  at  Deep  Bottom,  near  Richmond,  on  the  16th  of 
August,  1864,  and  received  a  mortal  wound  in  the  hip, 
which  severed  the  principal  artery,  from  which,  despite 
all  that  surgical  skill  and  attention  could  do,  he  died  in 
a  few  hours.  His  body  was  embalmed  and  sent  home 
in  charge  of  Chaplain  Emerson,  and  was  buried  on  the 
2d  of  September,  in  Pine  Hill  Cemetery,  in  the  City  of 
Dover,  amid  the  mourning  of  a  large  circle  of  relatives 
and  friends.  Thus  perished,  while  in  the  faithful  dis 
charge  of  duty  another  brave  and  talented  officer  and 
pure  and  earnest  patriot. 

Lieut.  Colonel  Henderson  was  a  man  of  very  superior 
ability  and  fine  attainments;  of  inflexible  morality,  and 
stainless  purity  of  life.  In  the  army  he  discharged 
every  duty  with  fidelity  and  patriotic  devotion,  which 
with  his  uniform  cheerfulness  and  kindness  made  him  a 
favorite  with  all,  of  whatever  rank  or  degree.  In  his 
death,  glorious  though  it  was,  the  city  of  his  birth,  the 
State,  his  regiment  and  the  nation  met  with  a  sad  loss. 


354  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 


MAJOR    DANIEL    SMITH.     ' 

Major  Daniel  Smith  was  a  son  of  "Winthrop  Smith, 
Esq.,  of  Durham,  Straftbrd  County,  New  Hampshire. 
He  was  horn  at  that  place  on  the  27th  of  January,  1823. 
After  attendance  at  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
town  he  attended  the  academies  at  Greenland  and 
Pittsfield  several  terms.  In  early  life  he  adopted  the 
husiness  of  a  land  surveyor,  and  was  eminently  success 
ful  in  it.  In  1850  he  was  commissioned  Lieutenant 
Colonel  of  the  Twenty-fifth  Regiment  New  Hampshire 
Militia,  and  filled  many  positions  of  honor  and  trust 
in  his  native  town.  In  1854  he  removed  to  Dover,  and 
from  1855  to  1860,  he  was  a  Deputy  Sheriff  for  Strafford 
County,  City  Marshal  three  years,  and  Representative 
from  that  city  in  the  popular  hranch  of  the  New  Hamp 
shire  Legislature  in  1860  and  1861.  For  his  character 
as  a  man  and  many  desirahle  qualities  for  the  position 
he  was  appointed  and  commissioned  Major  of  the 
Seventh  Regiment  on  the  15th  of  October,  1861.  He 
went  with  his  regiment  to  New  York  City,  thence  to 
Tortugas  Islands,  where  he  served  ahly  and  acceptably 
as  Provost  Marshal,  until  the  regiment  moved  to  Flori 
da,  and  thence  to  Beaufort,  South  Carolina,  where  he 
was  seized  with  fever,  when  he  came  home  in  a  very 
feeble  state,  and  died  on  the  26th  of  August,  1862, 
leaving  a  widow  and  four  children.  As  a  citizen,  Major 
Smith  was  highly  respected,  and  discharged  all  official 
and  public  duties  with  intelligence  and  fidelity.  While 
in  the  army  his  promptness,  valor,  kindness  to  the  men 
and  uniform  cheerfulness  won  for  him  the  confidence, 
respect  and  affection  of  his  fellow  officers  and  soldiers. 

The  Seventh  Regiment  left  Manchester  on  cars  on  the 
morning  of  the  14th  of  January,  1862.  The  Governor 


SEVENTH  REGIMENT.  355 

and  Council  were  present  to  bid  them  farewell,  and 
Governor  Berry  made  a  short  address  to  which  the 
officers  and  men  responded  with  three  hearty  cheers  for 
New  Hampshire  and  her  Governor.  On  arrival  at  Xew 
York,  the  morning  after  its  departure  from  Manchester, 
the  regiment  was  ordered  into  quarters  at  White 
Street  Barracks,  where  it  passed  a  month  of  compar 
ative  inactivity,  relieved  only  by  an  occasional  dress 
parade  or  drill  in  one  of  the  city  squares.  On  the  13th 
of  February  orders  were  received  to  embark  for  the 
Dry  Tortugas.  Six  companies,  under  command  of  Col. 
Putnam,  embarked  on  the  ship  S.  R.  Mallory,  and  the 
remaining  four  companies,  under  Lieut.  Colonel  Abbott, 
on  the  barque  Tycoon,  and  both  sailed  the  same  day. 
The  latter  vessel  reached  Tortugas  after  sixteen,  and  the 
former  after  twenty-one  days'  sail.  The  yellow  fever 
broke  out  on  the  Tycoon,  and  two  men  of  the  Seventh 
Regiment  fell  victims  to  the  disease  before  reaching 
their  destination. 

Tortugas  is  situated  on  one  of  the  Florida  Keys, 
and  at  that  time  was  the  principal  depot  for  the  distri 
bution  of  rations  and  munition  of  war  to  the  forts, 
and  military  posts  of  the  South.  Colonel  Putnam 
assumed  command  of  the  post,  his  regiment  being  the 
only  troops  at  that  point  except  a  few  regulars.  The 
Seventh  was  stationed  at  Fort  Jefferson,  a  well  built 
fortification,  nearly  covering  one  of  the  small  keys 
which  rise  above  the  coral  reefs  east  of  the  Florida 
coast.  Good  quarters  were  arranged  and  other  prepara 
tions  made  for  the  comfort  of  officers  and  men.  Here 
the  duty  consisted  mainly  of  garrison  and  fatigue  duty, 
and  drill,  both  as  infantr}7-  and  heavy  artillery,  in  which 
the  men  made  good  proficiency. 

On  the  16th  of  June  the  regiment  again  embarked, 
and  sailed  for  Port  Royal,  South  Carolina,  where  it 
arrived  on  the  22d,  and  was  ordered  into  camp  at  Beau- 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 


fort,  where  it  remained,  doing  picket  and  guard  duty, 
until  the  15th  of  September,  when  it  was  ordered  to  St. 
Augustine,  Florida,  on  light  duty,  that  the  men  might 
recruit  —  two  hundred  having  been  lost  to  the  regiment 
since  leaving  Manchester,  by  death  and  discharge,  on 
account  of  disease  produced  by  change  of  habits  and 
climate  and  the  long  confinement  in  bad  barracks  in 
New  York,  and  on  ship  board.  Major  Smith  was  among 
those  who  died  while  the  regiment  was  at  Beaufort. 
"While  at  St.  Augustine  the  entire  government  of  the 
town  fell  to  the  lot  of  the  officers  of  the  camp.  The 
regiment  remained  there,  except  that  detachments  were 
occasionally  sent  on  fruitless  expeditions,  until  the  10th 
of  May,  1863,  when  it  was  ordered  to  Fernandina,  to 
relieve  the  Seventh  Connecticut.  After  a  month  passed 
at  that  place,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Hilton  Head, 
preparatory  to  an  attempt  to  take  Charleston.  On  the 
1st  of  June,  1863,  the  regiment  had  received  about  a 
hundred  recruits  since  entering  the  service,  notwith 
standing  which  only  five  hundred  and  thirty-three  men 
reported  for  duty.  The  whole  number  borne  upon  the 
rolls,  at  that  date,  out  of  an  aggregate,  including  re 
cruits,  of  over  eleven  hundred,  was  seven  hundred  and 
twenty-nine  officers  and  men,  making  a  loss  of  nearly 
four  hundred,  without  having  been  under  fire. 

On  the  18th  of  June,  the  regiment  left  behind  all 
superfluous  baggage  and  camp  equipage,  and  sailed  from 
Hilton  Head  to  Folly  Island,  the  same  night  entered 
Stono  Inlet  in  a  heavy  sea,  by  the  aid  of  scows, 
effected  a  landing  about  midnight,  marched  nearly 
to  the  northern  end  of  the  island,  and  went  into  camp 
in  the  range  of  the  enemy's  guns.  From  this  time  until 
the  10th  of  July  the  Seventh  was  constantly  at  work  on 
the  batteries  which  afterward  covered  the  landing  of 
Strong's  forces,  and  carried  consternation  into  the  city 
of  Charleston. 


SEVENTH  REGIMENT.  357 


ASSAULT    ON    FORT   WAGNER. 

On  the  morning  of  the  10th  of  July  at  daylight,  the 
Union  batteries  erected  on  the  northern  point  of  Folly 
Island,  opened  upon  the  enemy's  works  on  Morris  Island, 
and  soon,  Strong's  column  having  secured  a  landing, 
the  remaining  troops  passed  over.  The  Seventh  l!s"ew 
Hampshire  passed  over  in  the  second  column,  and  was 
at  once  moved  to  the  northern  part  of  Morris  Island, 
relieved  the  force  already  there,  threw  out  pickets,  and 
when  darkness  came,  threw  up  slight  earth  works. 
The  first  unsuccessful  assault  on  Fort  Wagner  took 
place  on  the  morning  of  the  llth,  and  that  evening 
moving  up  still  nearer  to  the  work,  the  Seventh  com 
menced  what  was  afterward  the  second  parallel  in  that 
siege.  On  the  18th  of  July  the  second  assault  on  Fort 
Wagner  was  made.  Colonel  Putnam  had  been  assigned 
to  the  command  of  the  Second  Brigade  of  Seymour's 
Division,  and  the  command  of  his  regiment  devolved 
upon  Lieut.  Colonel  Abbott.  After  a  furious  bombard 
ment,  which  lasted  during  the  entire  day,  Strong's 
brigade,  just  at  twilight,  advanced  upon  the  works.  It 
staggered  back,  leaving  a  few  on  and  near  the  parapets ; 
Putnam's  brigade,  in  which  was  the  Seventh  ^Tew 
Hampshire,  followed  close  upon  Strong's,  in  the  face  of 
a  most  deadly  fire.  The  attempt  to  take  the  work  was, 
in  less,  than  an  hour,  seen  to  be  a  failure,  and  such 
officers  and  men  as  had  gained  the  works  were  with 
drawn.  In  this  attack  Colonel  Putnam,  Capt.  Brown, 
and  Lieutenants  Baker,  Cate,  Bennett  and  Bryant  were 
killed.  Capt.  Leavitt  was  so  severely  wounded  that  he 
died  within  three  days.  Capt.  House  died  the  following 
October,  Lieuts.  Davis  and  Worcester  died  in  a  few  days' 
after  the  assault,  while  Lieuts.  Ham  and  Taylor,  both 
severely  wounded,  recovered  and  returned  to  duty. 


358  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

The  loss  to  the  regiment  in  this  action  was  two  hundred 
and  twelve,  killed,  wounded  and  missfng.  The  regi 
ment  remained  on  Morris  Island,  on  duty  in  the  trenches, 
on  picket  and  on  fatigue,  five  months,  during  which  the 
weather  was  intensely  warm. 

On  the  20th  of  December  the  regiment  left  Morris 
Island,  and  the  next  day  landed  at  St.  Helena  and 
reported  to  Colonel  Joseph  R.  Hawley,  into  whose 
brigade  it  was  incorporated.  Here  it  remained  until 
the  4th  of  February,  1864,  during  which  time  it  received 
an  accession  of  more  than  three  hundred  recruits.  On 
the  above  date  the  regiment,  with  six  hundred  men  for 
duty,  embarked  in  the  expedition  of  Gen.  Seymour  to 
Florida,  landing  at  Jacksonville  on  the  8th.  It  then 
marched  with  the  whole  force,  to  Sanderson,  a  small 
station  about  fifty  miles  from  Jacksonville.  On  the  12th 
the  Seventh  Regiment  marched  toward  Lake  City,  to 
support  a  mounted  regiment  which  had  been  previously 
sent  out  in  that  direction,  and  which  was  understood 
to  be  closely  pressed  by  the  enemy.  After  advancing 
about  ten  miles  they  fell  in  with  the  cavalry  scouts  of 
the  enemy,  who  retired  after  a  light  skirmish.  After 
completing  the  purposes  for  which  it  was  sent  out  the 
regiment  returned  to  Sanderson,  the  same  night.  The 
next  day  the  whole  force  fell  back  to  a  place  called  Bar 
ber's  Plantation,  where  it  remained  until  the  20th,  when 
the  whole  of  Seymour's  force  moved  again  toward  Lake 
City.  After  marching  about  fourteen  miles  the  enemy's 
skirmishers  were  met,  and  in  two  miles  further  they 
were  found  in  force  near  Olustee.  A  fierce  battle  en 
sued,  closing  only  with  the  approaching  night,  and  in 
the  defeat  of  the  Union  troops.  The  Seventh  New 
Hampshire  was  in  the  advance,  and  was  led  within  two 
hundred  yards  of  the  enemy's  line,  by  flank  and  left  in 
front.  At  that  point  they  were  brought  into  column 
and  massed.  The  deployment  had  not  commenced 


SEVENTH  REGIMENT.  359 

before  the  enemy  opened  a  very  severe  fire  of  artillery 
and  musketry.  The  column  faltered,  and  at  last  broke 
in  a  good  deal  of  confusion.  They  were  rallied  again, 
however,  and  during  the  remainder  of  the  battle  did 
good  service.  The  loss  of  the  regiment  in  this  engage 
ment  was  in  the  aggregate  two  hundred  and  nine 
killed,  wounded  and  missing. 

After  the  disastrous  termination  of  the  battle  of 
Olustee,  the  whole  force  retreated  to  Jacksonville,  where 
the  Seventh  remained  until  the  14th  of  April,  almost 
constantly  on  duty,  when  it  embarked  for  Gloucester 
Point,  Ya.,  which  place  it  reached  seven  days  afterward, 
disembarked  and  became  a  part  of  the  army  of  the 
James,  under  Gen.  Butler.  It  again  embarked  and 
landed  at  Bermuda  Hundred  on  the  6th  of  May,  and  at 
once  advanced  into  the  country.  A  halt  was  made 
about  seven  miles  from  Bermuda  Landing,  at  a  place 
known  as  Ware  Bottom  Church,  and  subsequently,  as  a 
part  of  the  Tenth  Army  Corps,  joined  in  the  final 
advance  on  Richmond,  which  after  long  months  of 
tenacious  holding  and  heroic  struggling,  ended  in  the 
capture  of  that  city  and  the  downfall  of  the  Rebellion. 

On  the  morning  of  the  9th  of  May  the  Tenth  and 
Eighteenth  Corps  again  advanced,  reaching  the  Peters 
burg  and  Richmond  railroad,  .cutting  it,  and  passing  the 
northern  fortifications  of  Petersburg.  The  regiment 
bivouacked  for  the  night  on  the  railroad,  but  in  the 
morning  the  enemy  pressed  down  from  Drury's  Bluff, 
and  the  brigade  in  which  was  the  Seventh  New  Hamp 
shire,  was  moved  forward  to  repel  them.  On  account 
of  the  sudden  illness  of  Colonel  Hawley,  commanding 
the  brigade,  that  command  devolved  upon  Colonel 
Abbott  of  the  Seventh,  leaving  Lieut.  Colonel  Hender 
son  in  command  of  the  regiment.  Colonel  Abbott  sent 
the  Seventh  to  the  extreme  left  of  the  line  upon  a  small 
elevation,  with  instructions  to  hold  it  as  long  as  possible. 


360  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Very  soon  a  brigade  of  the  enemy  advanced  and  attempt 
ed  to  charge,  but  were  met  by  a  fire  so^steady  and  rapid 
that  it  recoiled  again.  Three  times .  it  attempted  to 
charge,  and  each  time  was  driven  back,  and  the  regi 
ment  held  undisputed  possession  of  the  ground  until  it 
was  withdrawn  with  the  rest  of  the  brigade.  For  its 
conduct  on  that  day  the  regiment  was  complimented 
upon  the  field  by  General  Terry,  commanding  the 
division,  and  especial  credit  was  awarded  to  Lieut. 
Colonel  Henderson  for  his  coolness  and  determination. 
At  the  close  of  this  action  the  regiment  returned  to 
camp  near  Ware  Bottom  Church. 

On  the  12th  the  advance  was  made  upon  Drury's 
Bluff.  The  next  day  the  Seventh  supported  the  Third 
New  Hampshire  in  the  bloody  assault  made  by  them  on 
the  right  of  the  enemy's  wrorks,  and  afterward  skir 
mished  beyond  the  works  up  to  other  batteries.  On  the 
next  day  it  advanced  on  the  main  works  of  the  enemy, 
investing  them,  and  was  heavily  engaged  all  day.  The 
next  day  was  Sunday,  and  the  troops  were  allowed  to 
rest.  On  Monday  they  again  advanced  until  the  whole 
line  retired,  when  halting  from  time  to  time  to  repel 
attacks  of  the  enemy,  it  fell  back  upon  its  camp  at  Ber 
muda  Hundred. 

From  this  time  until  the  9th  of  June,  the  regiment 
was  on  constant  and  severe  duty,  on  what  was  then  the 
disturbed  and  threatened  front  at  Bermuda  Hundred, 
and  nearly  every  day  under  fire.  On  that  day  the  regi 
ment  marched  across  the  Appomattox,  thence  toward 
Petersburg,  being  a  part  of  the  force  commanded  by 
Major  General  Gillmore  on  that  day.  The  skirmishing 
was  light,  though  the  artillery  fire  of  the  enemy  was 
considerable ;  but  the  attempt  to  assault  the  works 
being  abandoned,  the  regiment  returned  to  camp  at  Ber 
muda  Hundred,  that  night. 


SEVENTH  REGIMENT.  361 

On  the  16th  of  June,  the  Seventh  under  command  of 
Lieut.  Colonel  Henderson,  was  engaged  in  a  very  spirit 
ed  fight  in  front  of  Bermuda  Hundred,  in  which  less 
than  two  brigades  held  in  check  nearly  all  day  the  main 
column  of  the  enemy  in  its  transit  from  the  north  to  the 
south  of  the  James.  From  this  date  followed  picket 
and  fatigue  duty  until  August  15th,  when  the  Seventh 
was  in  that  force  which  crossed  to  Deep  Bottom,  first 
pressed  upon  "New  Market  Heights,  and  afterward 
assaulted  and  carried  a  part  of  the  enemy's  works  at 
Deep  Run.  The  Seventh  was  in  this  assault,  and  was 
one  of  the  last  to  retire  from  the  field,  which  had  been 
nearly  won.  Here  Lieut.  Colonel  Henderson  fell  mor 
tally  wounded — an  officer  of  the  rarest  qualities,  admired 
and  loved  while  living,  and  deeply  mourned  while  dead. 

On  the  21st  the  regiment  again  reached  camp,  and 
rested  until  the  24th,  when  it  was  moved  across  the 
Appomattox,  into  the  intrenchments  before  Petersburg. 
There  it  remained  until  September  28th,  in  severe  duty 
and  under  almost  constant  fire,  when  it  was  again  a  part 
of  the  column  which  advanced  north  of  the  James.  On 
the  29th  of  September,  the  advance  was  made  upon  New 
Market  Heights,  which  were  carried,  and  the  troops  con 
tinued  to  advance,  first  to  Laurel  Hill,  then  up  the 
Darby  town  Road,  to  within  three  miles  of  Richmond, 
thence  Terry's  division  retiring,  rested  within  intrench 
ments  at  Laurel  Hill. 

On  the  1st  of  October,  Terry's  division  again  advanc 
ed  toward  Richmond  on  the  Darbytown  Road,  and  the 
Seventh,  which  had  been  under  command  of  Lieut. 
Colonel  Rollins  for  several  days,  Colonel  Abbott  being 
again  in  command  of  the  brigade,  occupied  the  left  of 
the  line  of  skirmishers,  which  advanced  within  two 
miles  of  the  rebel  capital,  under  a  severe  fire  of  artillery, 
and  was  one  of  the  five  regiments  which  had  at  that 
time,  and  for  some  months  afterward,  advanced  nearest 


362  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

to  Richmond.  Returning  again  that  night,  the  regiment 
rested  until  the  7th,  when  the  enemy  attacked  furiously 
General  Berney's  right  at  Laurel  Hill.  In  that  attack 
the  Seventh  Regiment  was  in  line,  with  no  intrench- 
ments  before  them,  and  with  the  rest  of  the  Second 
brigade  of  Terry's  division,  withstood  nearly  the  whole 
of  the  heavy  onset  of  the  rebel  division  under  General 
Field,  driving  them  back,  after  a  severe  fight,  with 
heavy  loss.  The  regiment  rested  until  the  18th, 
when  it  was  again  engaged  in  the  reconnoissance  on  the 
Darbytown  Road,  lasting  during  a  day  of  sharp  fighting. 
On  the  27th  it  was  in  another  reconnoissance  on  the 
Darbytown  Road,  lasting  until  night  of  the  28th,  the 
fighting  being  almost  entirely  on  the  skirmish  line, 
when  it  returned  to  camp. 

The  Seventh  New  Hampshire  was  one  of  the  regi 
ments  selected  for  the  expedition  to  New  York  City,  on 
the  occasion  of  the  Presidential  election.  On  the  3d  of 
November  it  broke  camp,  marched  to  Deep  Bottom, 
and  took  transports  for  Fortress  Monroe,  where  it 
arrived  on  the  evening  of  the  4th.  The  whole  force 
took  transports  and  arrived  at  New  York  on  the  7th, 
and  the  Seventh  disembarked  at  Fort  Richmond.  On 
the  morning  of  the  8th  they  were  taken  to  the  city, 
lying  on  board  the  army  transport,  in  East  River,  near 
Fulton  Ferry,  three  days,  prepared  for  any  emergency 
which  might  arise  to  require  their  services.  But  they 
were  not  called  upon,  and  on  the  llth  the  Seventh 
returned  to  Fort  Richmond,  and  on  the  14th  re-em 
barked,  and  returned  to  their  old  camp  ground,,  near 
Laurel  Hill,  on  the  17th,  where  the  men  at  once  com 
menced  erecting  winter  quarters.  In  December  one 
hundred  and  ninety-five  men,  having  served  their  full 
term  of  enlistment,  were  mustered  out,  and  one  hundred 
and  eleven  recruits  were  received.  These  were  most  of 


SE VENTH  REGIMENT.  363 

them  substitutes,  who  had  enlisted  for  the  high  bounties 
then  being  paid,  and  thirty-five  of  them  deserted  during 
the  winter. 

On  the  4th  of  January,  1865,  the  Seventh  Regiment 
marched  to  Bermuda  Hundred,  and  there  embarked  on 
board  transports  and  proceeded  to  Fortress  Monroe,  and 
there  received  sealed  orders  to  be  opened  off  Cape 
Henry.  The  orders  directed  that  the  fleet  should  ren 
dezvous  twenty-five  miles  off  Beaufort,  !N".  C.,  and  it  was 
then  known  that  the  expedition  was  a  second  trial 
against  Fort  Fisher.  On  the  morning  of  the  12th  of 
January  the  monitors  and  ironclads  made  their  way 
southward,  followed  by  the  frigates  and  gunboats,  and 
they  by  thirty  transports.  The  next  morning  the  con 
tinuous  mounds  of  Fort  Fisher  appeared  in  view.  The 
transports  made  the  beach  in  a  smooth  sea,  and  General 
Terry's  force  disembarked.  The  movements  of  the 
troops  have  been  given  in  the  sketches  of  the  Third  and 
Fourth  Regiments,  and  need  not  be  repeated  here.  The 
brigade  in  which  was  the  Seventh  was  not  ordered  up 
until  five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  It  did  not  enter  the 
fort  until  dark,  and  was  not  brought  fairly  into  action 
until  ten  o'clock.  At  that  hour,  the  regiment  com 
manded  by  Lieut.  Colonel  Rollins,  led  the  assault  on  the 
sea  angle  of  the  fort,  and  half  an  hour  later  planted  its 
colors  on  the  bastion  of  the  surrendered  work.  While 
innumerable  rockets  from  the  fleet  lighted  up  the  sky 
to  the  eastward,  cheer  on  cheer  went  up  from  the  victo 
rious  troops  within  the  fort.  The  Seventh,  with  one 
other  regiment,  formed  in  line  southward  of  the  fort, 
and  pressed  on  toward  battery  Buchanan,  which,  with 
about  a  thousand  prisoners,  soon  surrendered,  and 
the  whole  of  the  immense  fortifications,  which  had  been 
considered  impregnable,  fell  into  the  possession  of  the 
Union  army. 

After  the  conquest  of  Fort  Fisher  the  Seventh  was 


364  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

occupied  in  strengthening  the  works  in  front  of  Wil 
mington,  in  making  reconnoissances,  an*d  in  picket  duty, 
until  the  19th  of  February,  when  the  enemy  commenced 
retiring  and  Terry  to  pursue.  Reaching  Wilmington 
on  the  22d,  the  enemy,  dispirited  and  disheartened,  was 
still  followed  ten  miles  further,  to  a  place  called  North 
east  Ferry.  The  regiment,  with  the  rest  of  its  brigade, 
was  then  ordered  back  to  Wilmington,  and  assigned  to 
the  garrison  of  that  place.  Early  in  June  it  was  sent 
to  Goldsborough,  where  it  remained  until  ordered  to 
be  discharged.  The  Regiment  was  mustered  out  of 
the  United  States  service  on  the  20th  of  July.  At 
Manchester  they  were  received  by  the  citizens  with 
many  demonstrations  of  respect  and  given  a  warm  wel 
come  by  a  large  concourse  of  people.  At  Concord  an 
escort  and  refreshments  awaited  them,  and  Governor 
Smyth,  on  behalf  of  the  State,  addressed  the  regiment, 
thanking  them  for  the  good  service  they  had  performed 
and  the  honor  they  had  won.  Three  hundred  and 
twenty  men  and  twenty-two  officers  returned.  Of  these 
less  than  one  hundred  were  among  those  who  left  the 
State  with  the  regiment  in  January,  1862.  Of  the  orig 
inal  field  and  staff  only  one  remained.  The  first 
colonel  and  the  second  lieutenant  colonel  had  fallen  in 
battle. 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  365 


EIGHTH   REGIMENT. 


The  Eighth  Regiment  £Tew  Hampshire  Volunteer 
Infantry  was  raised  simultaneously  with  the  Sixth  and 
Seventh,  and  the  men  who  enlisted  to  make  up  its 
quota  were  paid  the  same  bounty,  ten  dollars,  by  the 
State  as  those  in  the  five  preceding  ones  had  been  paid. 
The  rendezvous  was  established  at  Manchester.  Hawkes 
Fearing,  jr.,  was  commissioned  Colonel  of  this  regiment 
on  the  24th  of  September,  1861.  The  companies  went 
into  camp  as  fast  as  they  were  filled  up,  on  the  Fair 
Ground  north  of  the  City.  The  encampment  was 
named  "  Camp  Currier,"  in  compliment  to  Hon.  Moody 
Currier,  of  Manchester,  one  of  the  members  of  the 
Governor's  Council,  who  had  in  various  ways,  officially 
and  individually,  shown  his  patriotism  in  aiding  and 
encouraging  enlistments  for  the  war.  The  organization 
was  completed  and  the  regiment  mustered  into  the 
United  States  service  on  the  23d  of  December,  1861. 
The  following  is  a  list  of  the  field,  staff  and  company 
officers  of  this  regiment,  while  in  the  service,  and  the 
oificial  record  of  each  : 

FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

COLONEL — Hawkes  Fearing,  jr.,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonels — Oliver  W.  Lull,  of  Milford. 

Killed  at  Fort  Hudson  May  27,  1863. 

George  A.  Flanders,  of  Sanbornton. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Majors — Morrill  B.  Smith,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  July  15,  1863. 

Thomas  Connolly,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865 


366  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

John  K.  Stokes,  of  Concord. 

Honorably  discharged  May  25,  1864. 

Adjutants — Orrin  M.  Head,  of  Exeter. 

Honorably  discharged  March  19,  1864. 

Thomas  C.  Prescott,  of  Stratford. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  25,  1864. 

James  II.  Marshall,  of  Nashua. 

Transferred  to  Company  C,  Vet.  Bat.,  8th  N.  H.  V.,  Jan.  2,  1865. 

Quartermasters — Charles  A.  Putney,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  August  20,  1862. 

Charles  A.  Bo  wen,  of  Concord. 

Transferred  to  Company  B,  Vet.  Bat.,  8th  N.  H.  V.,  Jan.  2,  1865. 

Commissary — Tyler  M.  Shattuck. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  15,  1864. 

Surgeons — Samuel  G.  Dearborn,  of  Milford. 

Resigned  August  12,  1862. 

Andrew  J   Thompson,  of  Laconia. 

Resigned  May  20,  1863 

Ellery  C.  Clarke,  of  Hollis. 

Honorably  discharged  Aug.  29,  1864. 

Andrew  J.  Thompson,  of  Laconia. 

Transferred  to  Veteran  Battalion,  8th  N.  H.  V.,  Jan.  2,  1865. 

Ass't  Surgeons — William  B.  Reynolds. 

Resigned  Dec.  14,  1861. 

Ellery  C.  Clarke,  of  Hollis. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  June  5,  1863. 

Charles  B.  Moulton,  of  Hopkinton. 

Died  at  New  Orleans,  Aug.  24,  1864. 

Hosea  H.  Smith,  of  Meredith. 

Honorably  discharged  Aug.  7,  1863. 

David  P.  Stowell,  of  Brookline. 

Honorably  discharged  June  24,  1864. 

Chaplain — Daniel  P.  Cilley,  of  Farmino-ton. 

Transferred  to  Veteran  Battalion,  8th  N.  H.  V.,  Jan.  1,  1865. 

Sergeant  Majors — Henry  G.  Ciishinir. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Dec.  20,  1861. 

Luther  T.  Hosley,  of  Pepperell,  Mass. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Sept.  30,  1862. 

James  M.  Blanchard,  of  Milford. 

Discharged  to  accept  pro.  U.  S.  C.  T.  Sept.  2,  1863. 

James  H.  Marshall,  of  Nashua. 

Re-enlisted  Jan.  4,  1864.     Promoted  to  Adjutant  Nov.  13,  1864. 

Spencer  Lane,  of  Sanhornton. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  367 

Quartermaster  Sergeants — William  H.  Morrill. 

Reduced  to  ranks  and  assigned  to  Co.  H,  Sept  26,  1863. 

Frank  D.  Woodbury,  of  Concord. 

Muscered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Commissary  Sergeants — Ira  A.  Brown. 

Discharged  for  disability  July  8,  1862. 

Tyler  M.  Shattuck,  of  Nashua. 

Re-enlisted  Jan.  4,  1864.     Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  March  1,  1864. 

Edward  W.  Pillsbury,  of  Nashua. 

Re-enlisted  Jan.  4,  1864.     Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Hospital  Stewards — Benjamin  F.  Emmons. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  1st  La.  Cav.  Aug.  9,  1863. 

Henry  N.  Chapman,  of  Washington. 

Re-enlisted  Jan.  4,  1864.     Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Principal  Musicians — William  P.  Munsey. 

Discharged  at  Carrollton,  La.  Dec.  3,  1862. 

Henry  J.  Durgin,  of  Laconia. 

Re-enlisted  Jan.  4,  1864.     Captured  at  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  La.,  April  8, 
1864.     Released  Oct.  23,  1864.     Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Ezra  D.  Franklin,  of  Nashua. 

Reduced  to  ranks  and  assigned  to  Co.  E,  Dec.  18,  1862. 

James  H.  Marshall,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Sergeant  Major  Sept.  2,  1863. 

George  II.  Dunhar  of  Manchester. 

Re-enlisted  Jan.  4,  1864.     Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 
COMPANY    OFFICERS. 

Co.  A. — Captains — William  M.  Barrett,  of  Nashua. 

Discharged  Oct.  24,  1863. 

Dana  W.  King,  of  Nashua. 

Transferred  to  Co.  B,  Veteran  Battalion,  8th  N.  H.  V.,  Jan.  2,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — John  Q.  A.  Warren,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  14,  1862. 

Dana  W.  King,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  16,  1863. 

Second  Lieuts — Dana  W.  King,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  14,  1862. 

James  L.  Hardy,  of  Amherst. 

Resigned  Dec.  31,  1862. 

Nestor  Haines,  of  Nashua. 

Resigned  Sept.  2,  1868. 

Nelson  H.  Peterson,  of  Nashua. 
Transferred  to  Co.  A,  Veteran  Battalion,  8th  N.  H.  V.,  Jan.  2,  1865 


TEE  GREAT  REBELLION. 
Co.  B. — Captains— John  Stanyan,  of  Milford. 

Resigned  Oct  16,  1863 

George  S.  Eayrs,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

First  Lieuts.— Charles  II.  Camp,  of  Milford. 

Resigned  Aug.  6,  1863 

Daniel  B.  Newell,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts.— George  S.  Eayrs,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  16,  1863. 

George  S.  Cobbs,  of  Exeter. 

Killed  in  action  May  14,  1864. 

Co.  C.— Captains— Thomas  Connolly,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Major  Dec.  16,  1863. 

William  J.  Gannon,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

First  Lieuts.— Cornelius  Healy,  jr.,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  28,  1862. 

William  J.  Gannon,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain,  Dec.  16   1863. 

Lawrence  Foley,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Wm.  J.  Gannon,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  Oct.  28,  1862. 

William  Jones,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  Dec.  28,  1863. 

Lawrence  Foley,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  22,  1864. 

Co.  D. — Captains — -Joseph  J.  Ladd,  of  Manchester. 

Dismissed  June  22,  1868.     Disability  from  dismissal  removed,  Nov.  26, 
1864. 

First  Lieuts.— Wm.  E.  Hubbard,  of  Manchester. 

Dismissed  Oct.  25,  1862. 

Henry  G.  Gushing,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  March  7,  1863. 

Irving  G.  Wilkins,  of  Nashua. 

Resigned  Sept.  19,  1863. 

George  E.  Messer,  of  Greenfield. 

Honorably  discharged  Feb.  13,  1864. 

James  Miles,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — H.  G.  Cushing,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  30,  1862 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  369 

Irving  G.  Wilkins,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  March  8,  1863. 

George  E.  Messer,  of  Greenfield. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  16,  1863. 

Newell  O.  Carr,  of  Epping. 

Resigned  May  26,  1864. 

James  Miles,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  Sept  1,  1864. 

Newell  0.  Carr,  of  Epping. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  April  1,  1864. 

Co.  E. — Captains — Daniel  M.  Fisk,  of  Nashua. 

Resigned  April  12,  1862. 

John  Q.  A.  Warren,  of  Nashua. 

Killed  at  Georgia  Landing,  La.,  Oct  27,  1862. 

George  F.  Richardson,  of  Moulton borough. 

Resigned  Feb.  14,  1863. 

Nathan  H.  Pierce,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Feb.  25,  1864. 

James  R.  Newell,  of  Wolfe  borough. 

Transferred  to  Co.  C,  Veteran  Battalion,  8th  N.  H.  V.,  Tan.  2,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Aloiizo  W.  Putney,  of  Nashua. 

"Resigned  Dec.  4,  1862. 

Nathan  H.  Pierce,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  15,  1863. 

George  W.  Thompson,  of  Nashua. 

Killed  at  Port  Hudson,  La.,  May  24,  1863. 

William  B.  Ernerson,  of  Nashua. 

Resigned  Dec.  6,  1863. 

William  H.  Barnes,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Nathan  II.  Pierce,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  Dec.  5,  1862. 

George  W.  Thompson,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  Feb.  15,  1863. 

William  B.  Ernerson,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  June  1,  1863. 

William  H.  Barnes,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  Dec.  16,  1863. 

James  F.  W.  Fletcher,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Co.  B,  Veteran  Battalion,  8th  N.  H.  V.,  Jan.  2,  1865. 

Co.  F. — Captains — George  A.  Flanders,  of  Sanbornton. 

Promoted  to  Lieut  Colonel  Dec.  16,  1863. 

Ezra  B.  Bell,  of  Laconia. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 


370  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

First  Lieuts. — Ezra  B.  Bell,  of  Laconia, 

Promoted  U>  Captain  Dec.  16,  1863. 

Joseph  Wallace,  of  San  born  ton. 

Killed  at  Port  Hudson,  La.,  June,  14,  1863. 

William  A.  Beckford,  of  Salem. 

Wounded  May  17,  1864.     Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Cyrus  S.  Burpee,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Dec.  31,  1862. 

Joseph  Wallace,  of  Sanbornton 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  16,  1863. 

William  A.  Beckford,  of  Salem. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  16,  1863. 

Charles  E.  Howe,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Co.  G. — Captains — Henry  II.  Huse,  of  Barnstead. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept.  22,  1863. 

Lyman  Locke,  of  Biirrington. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept.  29,  1864. 

John  li.  Prescott,  of  Stratford. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Jacob  C.  Main,  of  Rochester. 

Resigned  March  3, 1863. 

Lyman  Locke,  of  Barrington. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  16,  1863. 

Thomas  C.  Prescott,  of  Stratford. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  April  1,  1864. 

John  II.  Prescott,  of  Stratford. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Sept.  29,  1864. 

Elijah  H.  Blaisdell. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Lyman  Locke,  of  Barrinirton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  4,  1863. 

John  F.  Greenwood,  of  Barnstead. 

Killed  April  13,  1863. 

Thomas  C.  Prescott,  of  Strafford. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  16,  1863. 

John  H.  Prescott,  of  Strafford. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  1,  1864. 

John  II.  Marshall,  of  Xashmi. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  Sept.  1,  1864. 

Co.  II. — Captains — Aaron  G.  Estabrook,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  Sept.  29,  1862, 

Benjamin  F.  Wells,  of  Lisbon. 

Resigned  Dec.  31,  1862. 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  371 

John  K.  Stokes,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Major  Jan.  1,  1864. 

Thomas  C.  Prescott,  of  Strafford. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Benjamin  F.  Wells,  of  Lisbon. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Sept.  30,  1862. 

John  K.  Stokes,  of  Concord. 

T  Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  3,  1863. 

Luther  ^.  Hosley,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  May  27,  1863.     Killed  at  Port  Hudson,  La.  June  14,  1863. 

James  M.  Langley,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  Feb.  26,  1864. 

Edward  K.  Russ,  of  Lisbon. 

Honorably  discharged  Aug.  23,  1864. 

John  C.  French,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  Iv.  Stokes,  of  Concord. 

-j«-  Promoted  to  First  Lreut.  Sept.  30,  1862. 

Luther  ^.  Hosley,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  3,  1863. 

James  M.  Langley,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  15,  1863. 

John  C.  French,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.,  Aug.  23,  1864. 

Co.  I. — Captains — Elphonzo  G.  Colby,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Discharged  May  5,  1863. 

James  H.  Landers,  of  Concord. 

Transferred  to  Co.  A,  Veteran  Battalion,  8th  N.  H.  V.,  Jan.  2,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — G.  F.  Richardson,  of  Moultonboro'. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  28,  1862. 

James  H.  Landers,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  6,  1863. 

James  R.  Newell,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Promoted  to  Captain  June  22,  1864. 

George  B.  Johnson,  of  Farmington. 

Transferred  to  Co.  A,  Veteran  Battalion,  8th  N.  H.  V.,  Jan.  2,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — James  H.  Landers,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  28,  1862. 

James  R.  Newell,  of  AVolfeborough. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  ^May  6,  1863. 

George  B.  Johnson,  of  Farmington. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  22,  1864. 

Co.  K. — Captains — John  Kelleher,  of  Manchester. 

Killed  at  LabadievUle,  La.,  Oct.  27,  1862. 


372  THE  GREA  T  REBELLION. 

Cornelius  Healey,  Jr.,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  Nov.  3,  1864 

First  Lieuts. — Robert  Swiney,  of  Manchester. 

Committed  suicide  at  Berwick  City,  La.,  April  9,  1863- 

Michael  O'Grady,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  March  14, 1864. 

Frank  H.  Connor. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Michael  O'Grady,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  iv,  1863. 

Patrick  Doherty,  of  Nashua. 

Honorably  discharged  March  7,  1864. 

John  Nolan. 

Transferred  to  Co.  C,  Veteran  Battalion,  *8th  N.  H.  V.,  Jan.  2,  1865. 


When  the  war  of  the  rebellion  broke  out,  in  April, 
1861,  Colonel  Fearing  was  engaged  in  a  considerable 
mercantile  business  at  Manchester.  Early  in  September, 
1861,  he  was  tendered  the  command  of  the  Eighth  New 
Hampshire  Regiment  Volunteer  Infantry,  which  he 
accepted,  and  was  commissioned  by  the  Governor  on 
the  24th  of  that  month.  He  organized  his  regiment  at 
Manchester,  took  it  to  the  field,  and  remained  with  it, 
either  in  immediate  command  of  the  regiment  or  the 
brigade  of  which  it  formed  a  part,  during  the  whole 
three  years  term  of  its  enlistment,  except  when  detailed 
for  temporary  duty  elsewhere.  For  some  time  previous 
and  at  the  assault  on  Port  Hudson,  on  the  27th  of  May, 
1863,  Colonel  Fearing  was  in  command  of  the  brigade, 
on  which  occasion  he  exhibited  coolness  and  bravery, 
and  handled  his  command,  which  made  a  most  gallant 
charge,  with  much  skill.  Had  his  brigade  been  sup 
ported  by  other  troops,  Port  Hudson  would  undoubtedly 
have  fallen  into  the  hands  of  the  Union  army  at  that 
time,  instead  of  five  or  six  weeks  later.  While  the 
Eighth  Regiment  was  at  Natchez,  Miss.,  during  the  fall 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  373 

and  winter  of  1864,  Colonel  Fearing  was  on  duty  as 
chief  of  staff  at  General  Brayman's  headquarters.  The 
term  of  service  of  the  regiment  expired  on  the  23d  of 
December,  1864,  shortly  after  which  the  original  mem 
bers,  who  had  not  re-enlisted,  and  a  majority  of  the  offi 
cers,  under  the  command  of  Colonel  Fearing,  returned 
to  New  Hampshire  and  were  discharged,  Colonel  Fear 
ing  being  mustered  out  on  the  18th  of  January,  1865. 
He  was  an  intelligent,  active,  faithful  and  popular  officer, 
and  enjoyed  the  respect  and  confidence  of  soldiers,  and 
officers  of  every  grade.  After  being  discharged  from 
the  service  Colonel  Fearing  returned  to  mercantile 
pursuits,  and  is  interested  in  an  establishment  at  Man 
chester,  and  another  in  Massachusetts. 

LIEUT.    COLONEL   OLIVER   WOODBURY   LULL. 

Lieut.  Colonel  Lull,  of  the  Eighth  Regiment  New 
Hampshire  Volunteers,  was  another  in  the  long  list  of 
noble  and  brave  men  from  the  State  who  fell  while  gal 
lantly  fighting  to  uphold  the  stars  and  stripes.  He  was 
born  in  "VVeare,  Hillsborough  County,  New  Hampshire, 
on  the  14th  of  January,  1826.  He  attended  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  town,  at  intervals,  until  eighteen 
years  of  age,  when  in  1844,  he  removed  to  Manchester, 
entered  the  high  school  in  that  city,  and  passed  through 
a  thorough  academic  course  of  study.  On  account  of 
limited  means  he  was  obliged  to  abandon  his  most 
fond  hopes  of  a  collegiate  course.  Soon  after  leaving 
the  Manchester  high  school  he  engaged  for  a  time  in 
teaching  at  Framingham,  Mass.,  and  subsequently  com 
menced  reading  law  there,  and  completed  the  course  in 
the  office  of  Hon.  David  Cross,  of  Manchester.  He  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  of  Hillsborough  County,  in  May, 
1851,  and  soon  after  removed  to  Milford,  where  he 
established  himself  in  the  practice  of  his  profession,  and 


374  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

for  his  perseverance  and  industry  was  rewarded  with  a 
good  business.  • 

•Lieut.  Colonel  Lull  had  always  had  considerable  taste 
for  military  duty,  and  manifested  quite  an  interest  in 
the  Volunteer  Militia  of  the  State.  He  became  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Governor's  Horse  Guards,  soon  after  its 
organization,  and  in  January,  1861,  was  elected  one  of 
its  Lieutenants.  When  the  war  broke  out  he  aided  in 
various  ways  the  enlistment  of  men  for  the  different 
regiments,  and  finally  on  the  1st  of  October,  1861,  was 
commissioned  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the  Eighth  Regi 
ment,  and  at  once  entered  upon  the  duty  of  recruiting 
and  organizing  that  regiment,  and  went  with  it  to  the 
field.  To  speak  particularly  of  his  service  while  with 
that  regiment,  would  be  but  a  repetition  of  its  history. 
He  was  always  faithful  to  his  duty  and  to  his  country, 
fearless  of  consequences  to  himself,  cool  and  gallant  in 
battle,  and  considerate  of  his  men  in  field  and  camp, 
and  commanded  their  highest  respect.  In  the  actions  of 
Bisland,  Georgia  Landing,  Labadieville  and  Opelousas, 
he  displayed  great  courage  and  heroism. 

At  the  time  of  the  terrible  assault  upon  the  fortifica 
tions  of  Port  Hudson,  on  the  27th  of  May,  1863,  Lieut. 
Colonel  Lull  was  temporarily  serving  on  the  staff  of 
General  Emery,  but  Colonel  Fearing  being  in  charge  of 
a  brigade,  he  voluntarily  returned  and  took  command 
of  his  own  men.  The  Eighth  Regiment  was  among  the 
forces  at  the  head  of  the  column  when  the  advance  was 
ordered,  and  with  unequalled  heroism  the  brave  men 
charged  directly  upon  the  rebel  forces.  The  conflict 
was  desperate,  but  at  length  the  enemy  began  to  retreat 
with  heavy  loss.  Lieut.  Colonel  Lull  was  constantly  at 
the  head  of  his  command,  and  the  fourth  rebel  line  had 
just  been  passed,  when  in  the  act  of  cheering  his  men 
he  fell  pierced  with  a  rebel  rifle  ball.  The  wound 
though  very  severe  was  not  instantly  fatal.  He  was 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  375 

immediately  carried  to  the  rear  where  after  a  few  hours 
of  intense  suffering  he  expired.  His  body  was  carried 
to  New  Orleans  and  placed  in  a  receiving  tomb,  and 
there  remained  until  the  following  autumn,  when  it  was 
brought  home  to  Milford  for  burial.  The  funeral  ser 
vices  were  held  ^November  17th,  in  the  church  where 
the  deceased  was  accustomed  to  worship,  the  building 
being  filled  to  its  utmost  capacity  with  sorrowing  kin 
dred  and  friends.  A  detachment  of  the  Governor's 
Horse  Guards  was  present  and  performed  military  hon 
ors.  Hon.  David  Cross,  of  Manchester,  made  an  address, 
relating  many  incidents  in  the  life  of  the  deceased. 
The  remains  were  deposited  in  the  village  cemetary,  and 
his  grave  will  long  be  remembered  and  honored  as  that 
of  a  man  who  nobly  sacrificed  his  life  for  his  country. 

While  in  the  service  Lieut.  Colonel  Lull  discharged 
many  important  and  responsible  duties.  For  a  time 
he  served  upon  the  staff  of  General  Weitzel,  and  after 
ward  for  several  months  on  that  of  General  Emery,  in 
both  of  which  positions  he  won  the  highest  respect  and 
confidence  of  his  superior  officers.  Before  leaving  the 
State  he  was  presented  by  his  friends  with  a  valuable 
horse  and  sword  as  testimonials  of  their  regard.  In 
a  letter  to  his  wife  Lieut.  Colonel  Lull  wrote :  "  I  wish 
much  to  see  you  all,  but  I  cannot  leave  my  command. 
There  is  a  great  work  before  us,  and  I  have  no  desire 
to  "go  from  the  field  until  it  is  accomplished.  If  my 
life  is  spared  till  the  rebellion  is  overcome,  how  much 
happier  you  will  be  to  think  that  in  my  humble  way 
I  was  instrumental  in  restoring  the  country  to  peace 
and  prosperity."  *  On  the  morning  preceding  his  death, 
before  the  battle  opened,  he  wrote  in  his  diary :  "  In 
one  hour  we  commence  the  storming  of  Port  Hudson. 
Many  of  us  will  not  see  another  day.  If  I  shall  be  one 
of  that  number,  I  will  have  done  my  duty." 


376  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

The  Eighth  Regiment  left  Camp  Currier,  Manchester, 
on  the  24th  of  January,  1862,  in  the  iflidst  of  a  driving 
snow  storm,  for  Fort  Independence,  Boston  Harbor. 
They  were  hospitably  received  and  entertained  at  Fan- 
euil  Hall,  Boston,  by  the  authorities  of  the  city,  and 
arrived  at  Fort  Independence  the  next  day.  The  regi 
ment  remained  there  three  weeks,  drilling  and  waiting 
transportation,  when  on  the  15th  of  February  six  com 
panies,  under  command  of  Col.  Fearing,  embarked  on 
the  ship  E.  Wilder  Farley,  for  Ship  Island,  Mississippi, 
the  rendezvous  of  General  Butler's  expedition,  and  were 
followed  a  few  days  after  by  the  four  remaining  com 
panies,  under  command  of  Lieut.  Colonel  Lull,  on  the 
ship  Eliza  and  Ella.  After  a  long  and  tedious  voyage 
the  Farley  arrived  at  Ship  Island  on  the  15th,  and  the 
Eliza  and  Ella  on  the  27th  of  March. 

Forts  Jackson  and  St.  Philip  having  fallen  before 
the  irresistible  valor  of  the  navy,  under  the  gallant 
Farragut,  it  remained  for  the  army  to  follow  up  and 
complete  the  victory,  by  the  occupation  of  New  Orleans. 
The  large  part  of  General  Butler's  force  was  conveyed 
from  Ship  Island  up  the  Mississippi  river ;  the  remain 
der  were  to  approach  the  city  by  way  of  Lake  Ponchar- 
train.  The  Eighth  New  Hampshire  were  of  this  latter 
force,  and  four  companies  of  the  regiment  were  the 
first  to  seize  and  occupy  Forts  Wood  and  Pike,  by 
which  the  entrance  to  the  Lake  was  defended — -the 
rebels  retreating  precipitately  on  the  approach  of  the 
expedition. 

The  summer  of  1862  was  spent  by  the  regiment  at 
Camp  Parapet,  Louisiana,  performing  the  usual  routine 
of  camp  duty.  The  location  was  very  malarious  and 
unhealthy,  from  which  the  regiment  suffered  severely, 
its  ranks  being  decimated  by  disease  and  death.  In 
October  the  Eighth  formed  a  part  of  General  Weitzel's 
expedition  to  expel  the  rebels  from  the  occupation  of  the 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT  377 

district  of  Lafourche — one  of  the  most  productive  and 
wealthy  sections  of  Louisiana.  The  troops  were  con 
veyed  up  the  Mississippi  on  steamers,  and  landed  at 
Donaldsonville,  at  the  head  of  Bayou  Lafourche.  From 
this  Point  the  Union  troops  moved  down  the  Bayou, 
the  Eighth  with  a  squadron  of  cavalry  and  two  pieces 
of  artillery,  marching  on  the  right  bank  of  the  stream, 
the  remainder  of  the  troops  upon  the  left.  With  the 
exception  of  a  night  skirmish  between  the  pickets  of 
the  Eighth  and  a  scouting  party  of  rebel  cavalry,  no 
opposition  was  met  with,  until  a  little  beyond  the  village 
of  Labadieville,  the  enemy  were  discovered  in  force 
under  General  Morton,  advantageously  posted  on  both 
sides  of  the  Bayou,  sheltered  by  a  hedge  and  ditch. 
Companies  E  and  F  were  deployed  as  skirmishers,  to 
ascertain  the  position  of  the  enemy.  Soon  the  sharp 
crack  of  their  rifles  told  that  they  had  discovered  them, 
and  that  the  action  had  commenced.  Almost  at  the 
first  fire  the  gallant  Captain  Warren  was  killed — the 
first  man  in  the  regiment  to  fall  in  action.  General 
Weitzel  threw  reinforcements  across  the  Bayou,  and  the 
line  advanced  upon  the  enemy,  the  Eighth  in  the  van. 
A  short  but  sharp  conflict  ensued,  ending  in  a  charge 
which  scattered  the  rebels  in  confusion,  many  being 
killed  and  wounded,  arid  about  three  hundred  taken 
prisoners,  and  one  piece  of  artillery  and  a  large  number 
of  small  arms  captured.  Being  in  the  advance,  and  the 
first  to  charge  the  enemy's  batteries,  the  Eighth  suffered 
more  severely  than  all  the  other  regiments  engaged, 
losing  sixteen  killed  and  forty-six  wounded — among  the 
former  being  the  brave  Captain  Killiher,  who  fell  at  the 
head  of  his  men  in  the  charge.  No  further  opposition 
was  encountered,  the  enemy  having  evacuated  the 
Laroufche  country  and  crossed  over  Berwick  Bay  into 
Attakapas. 

The  next  day  but  one  after  this  affair,  the  Eighth, 


378  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

with  a  squadron  of  cavalry  and  a  section  of  artillery, 
were  sent  under  command  of  Colonel  Fearing  to  take 
possession  of  New  Orleans  and  Opelousas  Railway.  At 
Tigersville,  Louisiana,  the  expedition  captured  an  im 
mense  quantity  of  sugar  which  the  rebels  had  been 
obliged  to  abandon  upon  the  advance  of  the  Union 
forces.  On  reconnoitering  the  railroad  it  was  found 
that  a  bridge  about  one  hundred  and  twenty  feet  long, 
across  Ba}rou  Boauf,  had  been  destroyed,  while  a  mile 
of  the  track  was  covered  with  the  ruins  of  engines  and 
cars,  burned  to  prevent  their  falling  into  the  hands  of 
the  Union  troops.  Yankee  skill  and  ingenuity  were 
called  into  requisition,  a  detail  was  made  from  the  regi 
ment,  the  bridge  rebuilt,  the  track  relaid,  an  engine  put 
in  running  order,  and  in  one  week  trains  were  passing 
over  the  road,  bringing  stores  and  ammunition  from 
New  Orleans,  ninety-three  miles  distant. 

During  the  winter  of  1862-63  Lieut.  Colonel  Lull  was 
detached  as  Provost  Judge  of  the  Parish  of  Lafourche, 
with  Company  B  as  provost  guard.  In  the  spring  of 
1863  the  regiment  took  part  in  General  Banks'  demon 
stration  against  Port  Hudson,  at  the  termination  of 
which  the  troops  were  rapidly  conveyed  to  Brasher  City, 
and  the  campaign  through  central  Louisiana,  which 
terminated  in  the  investment  and  capture  of  Port  Hud 
son,  commenced.  The  enemy,  under  General  Dick 
Taylor,  were  first  encountered  in  force,  at  Camp  Bis- 
land,  on  Bayou  Teche,  intrenched  behind  breastworks, 
mounting  heavy  guns  and  aided  by  an  iron-clad  gunboat 
on  the  Bayou.  On  the  13th  and  15th  of  April  the 
battle  of  Camp  Bisland  was  fought,  resulting  in  the 
hasty  retreat  of  the  rebels,  a  large  number  of  whom 
were  killed  and  wounded ;  the  capture  of  ten  pieces  of 
artillery,  two  colors,  and  two  thousand  prisoners,  and 
the  destruction  of  the  gunboat  and  three  transports. 
In  this  engagement  the  regiment  was  advanced  within 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  379 

two  hundred  yards  of  the  works,  sheltered  by  a  shallow 
ditch  from  the  ceaseless  storm  of  ball,  grape  and  shell 
that  filled  the  air,  not  only  from  the  enemy's  works  in 
front,  but  from  the  Union  batteries  in  the  rear.  So 
close  was  the  fire  that  the  bullets  constantly  struck  the 
bayonets  that  projected  above  the  edge  of  the  ditch, 
and  the  lance  that  ornamented  the  flag-staff  was  carried 
away  by  a  fragment  of  shell.  The  loss  of  the  regiment  in 
this  encounter  was  only  two  killed  and  nine  wounded — 
their  close  proximity  to  the  enemy  and  the  shelter  of 
the  ditch  saving  the  men  from  the  effects  of  the  terrible 
fire. 

In  the  march  of  two  hundred  and  thirty  miles  to 
Alexandria,  Louisiana,  the  regiment  suffered  severely 
from  the  heat,  dust,  and  want  of  water,  but  bore  these 
hardships  so  cheerfully  as  to  elicit  frequent  commenda 
tions  from  the  commanding  general.  When  General 
Banks  transferred  his  forces  from  Red  River  to  the  east 
bank  of  the  Mississippi,  preparatory  to  the  attack  on 
Port  Hudson,  the  Eighth  regiment  was  among  the  first 
to  arrive  at  and  invest  that  celebrated  strong-hold. 

PORT   HUDSON. 

Port  Hudson  proper  is  merely  a  landing  at  the  foot 
of  the  bluff,  on  the  top  of  which  were  a  few  houses  and 
a  church.  This  bluff,  like  many  others  along  the  river, 
had  been  fortified  with  an  extensive  earthwork,  encir 
cling  it  from  the  river  above  to  the  river  below;  and 
for  a  quarter  of  a  mile  in  front  the  heavy  forest  trees 
had  been  felled  and  made  into  an  almost  impenetrable 
abattis,  or  slashing,  at  the  same  time  affording  free  range 
for  the  guns  of  the  enemy.  On  the  top  of  the  bluff 
were  the  batteries  commanding  the  river,  to  hold  which 
scores  of  similar  though  not  so  extensive  works  had 
been  erected  all  along  from  Vicksburg  to  Port  Hudson, 


380  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  into  the  latter  had  been  driven  by  the  Union  army 
about  seven  thousand  rebels,  under  command  of  General 
Gardner.  The  capture  of  these  and  the  works  they 
held  was  the  object  aimed  at.  The  number  of  the  be 
sieging  army  was  said  to  be  about  twenty-two  thousand 
effective  men,  with  a  hundred  and  and  fifty  pieces  of 
artillery.  The  plan  of  attack  was  to  open  with  the 
artillery  at  daylight,  and  for  the  infantry  to  advance  at 
the  same  time  and  drive  the  outlying  rebels  inside  their 
works,  and  enter  them,  if  possible.  The  attacking 
party  was  formed  in  five  lines,  with  distances  of  thirty 
paces,  and  the  starting  point  a  mile  and  a  half  from  the 
works — the  rebels  lying  in  the  woods  between. 

Colonel  Fearing  was  in  command  of  the  Second 
Brigade,  Third  Division,  Nineteenth  Army  Corps,  and 
the  Eighth  Regiment  formed  a  part  of  his  brigade. 
Lieut.  Colonel  Lull  had  returned  to  the  regiment  from 
his  long  detail  on  staff  duty.  The  night  before  the 
assault,  made  on  the  27th  of  May,  1863,  the  regiment 
bivouacked  in  the  woods  within  rifle-shot  of  the  concealed 
but  watchful  enemy.  At  dawn,  after  a  hasty  breakfast, 
ammunition  was  distributed  and  all  preparations  for 
the  assault  made.  The  Eighth  was  posted  on  the  right 
center,  in  the  second  line  of  battle.  The  order  to 
advance  was  given,  the  enemy  soon  encountered,  and 
fighting  commenced.  Shot  and  shell,  grape  and  can 
ister,  crashed  through  the  woods  from  the  batteries 
on  either  side,  and  the  rebels,  from  behind  stumps  and 
trees,  replied  to  the  volleys  of  musketry  delivered  by 
the  Union  advancing  lines.  The  first  line  was  soon 
broken  and  scattered  by  the  withering  fire  of  the  enemy, 
and  Colonel  Fearing's  brigade  was  ordered  to  charge. 
With  a  wild  yell  the  line  swept  forward  as  fast  as  possi 
ble  over  the  bodies  of  the  fallen — the  Eighth  New 
Hampshire  and  the  Fourth  Wisconsin  moving  shoulder 
to  shoulder,  driving  the  rebels  through  the  woods,  over 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  381 

their  outer  works,  across  the  slashing  and  broken 
ground  in  front  of  the  elaborate  defenses  of  Port 
Hudson ;  many  of  the  men  advancing  into  the  ditch, 
planting  the  regimental  colors  on  the  very  walls,  and 
slaughtering  the  rebel  gunners  as  they  endeavored  to 
work  their  pieces.  Supports  failed  to  come  up,  and 
the  most  advanced  troops  were  compelled  to  withdraw 
to  a  more  sheltered  position,  whence  all  day  they  poured 
such  a  deadly  fire  on  the  works  that  the  guns  were 
silenced,  and  all  who  attempted  to  near  them  were  cut 
down  the  instant  they  appeared.  It  was  a  most  gallant 
charge,  though  it  did  not  accomplish  all  that  was  de 
sired,  and  the  success  gained  was  achieved  with  fearful 
loss.  The  Eighth  suffered  more  than  any  other  regi 
ment  in  the  army;  the  Fourth  Wisconsin,  which  fought 
next  the  Eighth  in  line,  being  next  in  order.  The 
slaughter  was  terrific,  much  of  the  fighting  being  hand 
to  hand.  The  Tenth  Arkansas,  rebel  regiment,  which 
occupied  the  position  in  front  of  the  ]S~ew  Hampshire 
Eighth,  was  almost  annihilated.  Lieut  Colonel  Lull 
fell  mortally  wounded,  by  a  minnie  ball,  early  in  the 
charge,  while  cheering  on  his  men.  His  loss  was  deep 
ly  deplored.  Captain  Flanders  and  Lieutenants  Jones 
and  Langley  were  wounded.  All  of  the  color  guard, 
excepting  a  single  corporal,  were  killed  or  wounded; 
but  the  gallant  survivor  kept  fast  hold  of  his  flag,  and 
planted  it  triumphantly  on  the  outer  slope  of  the  works, 
where  it  remained  till  night,  riddled  with  grape,  canister 
and  bullets.  The  number  taken  into  the  fio;ht  was  two 

O 

hundred  and  ninety-eight,  and  of  these  one  hundred 
and  twenty-four  were  killed  or  wounded. 

From  this  time  followed  the  usual  events  of  a  siege. 
A  constant  fire  was  kept  up  between  the  pickets,  and 
many  men  were  killed  on  both  sides.  Lieut.  Geo.  W. 
Thompson  was  killed  while  in  the  rifle  pits,  two  days 


382  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

after  the  assault.  The  regimental  return  for  May 
showed  three  hundred  and  seventeen* men  present  for 
duty. 

On  the  12th  of  June  the  following  order  was  issued: 

HEADQUARTERS  THIRD  DIVISION,      \ 
Before  Port  Hudson,  June  12th,  1863.          / 
GENERAL  ORDERS  :   No.  64. 

COLUMN    OF   ATTACK. 

Eighth  New  Hampshire,  Fourth  Wisconsin,  as  skirmish 
ers,  intervals  two  paces. 

Five  companies,  Fourth  Massachusetts  and  One  Hun 
dred  and  Tenth  New  York,  with  hand  grenades. 
Four  companies  from  Third  brigade,  with  400  cotton 

bags. 

Third  Brigade. 

Second  Brigade. 

First  Brigade. 

50  Pioneers,  to  level  parapet  for  artillery. 
Nims'  Battery. 

1.  The  hand  grenade  men  carry  their  pieces  on  their 
backs,  and  carry  each  one  grenade.     They  march  three 
paces   in    rear   of  their  line   of  skirmishers.      Having 
thrown  their  grenades  they  go  on  as  skirmishers. 

2.  The    cotton-bag   bearers   march    at    the    head   of 
column,   two  ^hundred   paces    in   rear   of    skirmishers. 
They  fill  the  ditch  to  company  front.     Having  deposited 
the  bags,  they  take   arms,  and  march  at  the  head  of 
column. 

3.  The  whole  movement  will  be  in  quick  time;  no 
double-quick ;    but   in    case   tbe  skirmishers   encounter 
batteries  which   they  can  take  by  a  double-quick   ad 
vance,  they  will  move  in  that  step. 

4.  The  skirmishers  will  clamber  upon  the  parapet, 
followed  by  the  hand  grenades,  which  will  be  thrown 
over  into  the  works  as  soon  as  the  skirmishers  are  on 
the  outer  slope  of  the  parapets.     The  skirmishers  will 
then  rush  in  and  gain  ground  forward,  fighting,  lying 
down,  etc.,  according  to  circumstances. 

5.  As  soon  as  the  column  is  within  the  works,  each 
brigade  will  form  line  of  battle,  and  lie  down  until  the 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  383 

artillery   is   brought   up,   unless   circumstances    should 
necessitate  different  orders. 

6.  Each  regimental  commander  will  read  these  instruc 
tions  to  his  command,  and  will  carefully  explain  to  his 
own  troops  their  particular  duties. 

7.  Each  regiment,   when   forming  in  the  night,  will 
move  silently,  the  officers  speaking  in  a  low  tone. 

8.  The  men  will  carry  two  days'  rations  of  hard  bread 
in  their  haversacks,  forty  rounds  of  ammunition  in  their 
cartridge-boxes,  and   twenty   rounds   in    their   pockets. 
The  knapsacks  will  be  left  in   camp  under  a  guard  of 
convalescents. 

By  command  of  Brigadier  General  Paine, 

GEORGE  W.  DURGIN,  A.  A.  A.  G. 
Official:    E.  B.  BELL,  A.  A.  A.  G. 

The  storming  column  was  formed  in  accordance  with 
the  foregoing  order,  behind  a  hedge,  about  eight 
hundred  yards  from  the  works,  and  separated  from  them 
by  an  uneven  open  field.  When  within  eighty  yards  of 
the  works  sheets  of  flame  ran  around  the  parapet,  and 
the  cannon  poured  in  their  double  shotted  charges  of 
canister  cutting  through  the  ranks  of  the  column  like 
hail  in  a  field  of  ripe  wheat.  Yet  they  advanced  at  a 
double-quick  until  the  rebels,  thinking  the  day  lost, 
began  to  retire  from  their  guns.  Cheered  by  the  hope 
of  victory  the  iSTew  Hampshire  Eighth  and  Fourth  Wis 
consin  scaled  the  parapets,  and  had  the  supports  come 
up  promptly  the  place  would  have  been  captured. 
Many  of  these,  however,  w^ere  nine  months  men,  and 
they  halted,  wavered,  and  finally  fell  back,  leaving  the 
handful  of  brave  men  to  the  mercy  of  the  besieged, 
who  now  rallied  and  captured  all  who  had  entered  the 
work,  and  poured  a  murderous  fire  into  the  remnant 
remaining  in  front,  who  escaped,  if  they  escaped  at  all, 
by  crawling  back  into  the  ditches  and  ravines.  General 
Paine  wTas  shot  through  the  leg  early  in  the  action,  and 
could  not  be  moved  from  the  field  till  after  dark.  To 


384  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

his  wound  may  perhaps  in  a  great  measure  be  attributed 
the  failure  of  the  attack.  The  Eighth  was  commanded 
by  Captain  Barrett.  It  was  reported  to  have  entered  the 
fight  with  two  hundred  and  seventeen  men,  and  to  have 
lost  one  hundred  and  twenty-two.  Capt.  J.  M.  Stanyan 
was  wounded  and  taken  prisoner.  Lieuts.  Wallace, 
Hosley  and  Newell  were  missing.  Captain  Flanders 
and  Lieuts.  Gannon,  Locke,  Prescott,  and  O'Grady, 
were  all  wounded.  No  flag  of  truce  was  allowed  by 
the  rebels  for  three  days,  and  nothing  could  be  known 
of  the  condition  of  the  wounded  lying  between  the 
lines.  The  rebels  refused  to  allow  the  Union  stretcher- 
bearers  to  go  upon  the  field,  and  scores  of  poor  fellows 
perished  of  thirst,  under  the  scorching  sun,  who  might 
have  been  saved.  On  the  17th  the  stench  from  the 
putrefying  corpses  had  become  so  intolerable  to  the 
enemy  that  they  raised  a  white  flag,  and  proposed  to 
pick  up  the  Union  dead  and  wounded  and  deliver  them 
at  a  given  point.  This  was  accepted,  and  one  hundred 
and  thirteen  dead  and  one  wounded  were  brought  in, 
most  of  them  so  discolored  as  to  be  unrecognizable. 

The  siege  was  continued,  the  Union  works  being 
constantly  advanced,  until  the  4th  of  July,  when  Vicks- 
burg  surrendered.  Dispatches  were  received  from 
General  Grant,  announcing  the  grand  result  at  the 
headquarters  of  General  Banks,  on  the  morning  of  the 
7th,  and  soon  the  joyful  news  was  communicated  to 
every  regiment,  battalion  and  detachment  in  the  army. 
General  Banks  issued  a  general  order,  directing  a  salute 
of  one  hundred  shotted  guns  to  be  fired  from  each 
battery,  and  ordering  all  the  regimental  bands  to  as 
semble  at  his  headquarters  at  noon.  The  salutes  were 
fired  and  two  hundred  instruments  performed  some  of 
our  most  stirring  melodies,  and  there  were  other  demon 
strations  of  joy,  which  the  rebels  at  Port  Hudson  did 
not  understand.  They  soon,  however,  learned  of  the 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  385 

surrender  of  Yicksburg  through  the  Union  troops, 
doubting  the  truth  of  which  General  Gardner  the  next 
day  sent  a  flag  of  truce  to  ascertain  if  the  report  was 
indeed  true.  General  Banks  returned  official  copies 
of  General  Grant's  dispatches,  upon  receipt  of  which 
the  rebel  commander,  Gardner,  again  sent  out  to  know 
upon  what  terms  General  Banks  would  receive  his 
surrender.  Terms  were  arranged  and  Port  Hudson 
was  surrendered  on  the  9th  of  July.  The  scenes  and 
ceremonies  attending  the  surrender  and  transfer  of  the 
second  great  strategic  point  on  our  vast  continental 
river  to  its  rightful  owners,  were  most  imposing.  From 
morning  till  high  noon  was  seen  the  grand  and  tri 
umphal  march  of  the  Union  victorious  columns,  treading 
with  joyous  steps  the  paths  to  that  famous  place.  In 
the  column  the  New  Hampshire  Eighth  was  assigned 
to  a  position  of  honor,  in  recognition  of  the  gallant 
service  it  had  performed  in  the  siege,  and  was  further 
complimented  by  assignment  to  a  camping  ground  on 
that  high  bluff  midway  of  the  river  front,  and  directly 
under  the  stars  and  stripes  it  had  done  so  much  to 
defend.  The  rebel  General  Gardner  surrendered  his 
sword  to  General  Andrews ;  unwilling  hands  lowered 
the  banner  of  secession ;  a  squad  of  sailors  from  the 
fleet  drew  up  to  the  same  point  the  glorious  stars  and 
stripes ;  salutes  and  cheers  were  given  with  a  will, 
and  the  Mississippi  river,  from  its  mouth  to  its  source, 
was  free ! 

On  the  22d  of  August  the  Eighth  marched  back  to 
Baton  Rouge.  On  the  way  two  of  the  men  were  gob 
bled  up  by  the  rebel  cavalry,  they  having  stopped  to 
bring  along  a  disabled  wagon.  The  regiment  remained 
in  camp  north  of  the  capital  city  of  Louisiana,  where 
it  continued  until  the  2d  of  September,  when  it  embarked 
on  transports  and  sailed  with  an  expedition  to  Sabine 
Pass,  Texas,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Sabine  river.  The  pass 


386  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

was  defended  by  heavy  guns,  by  which  was  disabled  the 
two  gunboats  Sachem  and  Clifton,  anct  the  rebels  made 
prisoners  of  all  on  board,  numbering  about  one  hundred 
and  eighty  men.  After  some  further  mishaps  the  object 
of  the  expedition  was  abandoned  and  it  returned  to  New 
Orleans.  About  the  middle  of  September  the  Eighth 
returned  to  Camp  Bisland — the  old  battle  ground  of  the 
13th  of  April. 

Colonel  Fearing  was  absent  with  two  or  three  officers 
for  the  purpose  of  bringing  on  conscripts,  and  Captain 
Flanders,  who  had  been  promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel, 
was  in  command  of  the  regiment.  Early  in  October 
they  moved  to  Opelousas ;  and  in  December  were 
ordered  to  Franklin,  where  the  regiment  was  mounted 
and  the  name  of  the  organization  changed  to  the  Second 
New  Hampshire  Cavalry.  They  were  armed  with 
sabers,  carbines  and  revolvers,  and  drilled  in  the  ordi 
nary  cavalry  tactics.  During  the  month  Colonel  Fear 
ing  returned  with  upward  of  three  hundred  and  fifty 
recruits  for  the  regiment.  On  the  4th  of  January,  1864, 
two  hundred  and  nineteen  of  the  old  men  re-enlisted, 
and  without  the  usual  thirty  days'  furlough  they  were 
ordered  at  once  into  the  field. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  Red  River  campaign, 
the  Eighth,  with  the  rest  of  the  cavalry  division — about 
fifteen  thousand  men — marched  from  New  Orleans  to 
Alexandria — three  hundred  and  eighty  miles — where 
they  joined  General  A.  J.  Smith's  forces,  who  had 
ascended  the  river.  The  Second  New  Hampshire  Cav 
alry,  as  the  regiment  was  now  designated,  was  brigaded 
with  five  regiments  under  Colonel  Davis.  From  Alexan 
dria  the  cavalry  pushed  the  enemy's  rear-guard  closely, 
having  quite  a  skirmish  at  Natchitoches,  where  the  regi 
ment  charged  through  the  streets  of  the  town,  killing 
and  capturing  a  number  of  the  enemy. 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  387 

On  the  8th  of  April  the  cavalry  came  unexpectedly 
upon  the  enemy  at  Sabine  Cross  Roads,  where  the 
Second  New  Hampshire  Cavalry  at  once  charged  on  a 
brigade  and  put  them  to  flight.  This  movement  un 
masked  two  divisions  of  rebel  infantry,  but  they,  ap 
parently  bewildered  by  the  very  audacity  of  the  move 
ment,  allowed  the  regiment  to  escape  unmolested.  In 
the  action  which  followed,  a  part  of  the  regiment  was 
dismounted  and  deployed  as  skirmishers  in  front  of  the 
infantry.  These  were  nearly  all  captured,  numbering 
forty-seven  men — together  with  Captain  Dana  "W.  King, 
whose  horse  was  shot  in  the  charge — and  were  carried 
to  the  famous  prison  pen  at  Tyler,  Texas,  where  they 
suffered  the  common  lot  of  Union  prisoners  of  war  for 
several  months.  A  disastrous  battle  followed,  after 
which  the  regiment  covered  the  retreat  of  the  infantry, 
almost  continually  skirmishing  with  the  enemy.  On  the 
march  from  Alexandria  to  Morganzia,  the  regiment  saw 
its  hardest  experience.  Skirmishing  by  day  and  march 
ing  by  night  to  reach  the  army  whose  retreat  it  was 
following,  without  sleep  or  rest,  both  men  and  horses 
were  well  nigh  exhausted.  In  one  of  the  numerous 
skirmishes  with  the  rebels,  Lieut.  Cobbs,  of  Company  B, 
was  captured,  dismounted  and  disarmed ;  but  before  he 
aould  be  taken  to  the  rear,  the  regiment  made  a  counter 
charge  to  recapture  him.  Seeing  that  he  was  about  to 
be  lost  to  them,  a  rebel  officer  shot  him  with  his  own 
pistol.  His  body  fell  into  the  hands  of  his  regiment, 
and  was  buried  on  the  banks  of  the  Red  river. 

At  Yellow  Bayou,  on  the  17th  of  May,  the  brigade 
was  attacked  by  about  six  thousand  of  the  enemy,  and 
were  nearly  surrounded.  They  succeeded  in  cutting 
their  way  out  by  presenting  a  bold  front,  and  by  un 
daunted  courage.  At  Bayou  de  Glace,  where  they 
stopped  to  build  a  bridge  over  the  Atchafalaya  river, 
they  were  fiercely  attacked  by  the  enemy,  under  General 


388  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Dick  Taylor.  The  enemy  were  resolutely  met  and  quick 
ly  routed,  losing  two  hundred  and  fifty  prisoners  and  two 
pieces  of  artillery,  and  did  not  afterward  disturb  the 
Union  army  on  its  march.  During  the  whole  of  the 
campaign  the  Second  New  Hampshire  Cavalry  lost 
ninety-six  men  killed,  wounded  and  missing.  Lieuts. 
Bickford,  Newhall  and  Haskins  were  wounded  in  the 
last  two  fights. 

After  arriving  at  Morganzia  the  regiment  was  ordered 
to  New  Orleans,  to  proceed  on  its  veteran  furlough. 
The  re-enlisted  men  started  up  the  Mississippi  on  the 
llth,  and  arrived  at  Concord  on  the  23d  of  July,  where 
they  met  with  a  warm  reception.  They  remained  at 
home  until  the  29th  of  August,  when  they  started  for 
Louisiana,  and  joined  their  comrades  at  Camp  Parapet, 
and  were  soon  ordered  to  Natchez,  Miss.,  where  they 
remained  during  the  fall,  doing  picket  and  garrison 
duty.  While  stationed  here  a  detachment  of  the  regi 
ment,  under  command  of 'Major  Connolly,  participated 
in  an  expedition  into  Louisiana,  capturing  large  quanti 
ties  of  stores  and  provisions,  and  bringing  in  many 
horses  and  mules. 

Late  in  the  fall  the  regiment  was  ordered  into  Fort 
McPherson — an  extensive  earth-work,  commanding  the 

o 

city  and  its  approaches.  Here  the  men  constructed 
comfortable  winter  quarters,  cook-houses,  etc.,  out  of 
the  debris  of  houses  pulled  down  to  give  range  to  the 
guns ;  and  the  regiment  had  time  for  putting  their 
clothing  and  equipments  in  good  order,  and  soon  pre 
sented  so  fine  an  appearance  as  to  elicit  the  high  com 
mendations  of  inspecting  officers. 

The  time  of  service  of  the  regiment  expired  on  the 
23d  of  December,  1864,  shortly  after  which  the  non- 
veterans,  and  a  majority  of  the  officers,  under  command 
of  Colonel  Fearing,  were  ordered  home  to  be  mustered 
but  of  service.  They  reached  Concord  early  in  January, 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  389 

1865,  were  handsomely  welcomed  by  the  State  author 
ities,  mustered  out,  paid,  and  the  regimental  organiza 
tion  of  the  Eighth  New  Hampshire  Volunteers  ceased 
to  exist. 


VETEKAN  BATTALION. 

At  the  expiration  of  the  original  term  o'f  the  Eighth 
Regiment,  there  remained  in  service  three  hundred 

c"> 

and  five  veteran  volunteers,  and  recruits  joined  sub 
sequent  to  the  original  muster-in  of  the  regiment. 
These,  under  regulation  of  the  War  Department,  were 
organized  into  three  companies  of  the  maximum 
strength,  and  designated  the  "  Veteran  Battalion, 
Eighth  New  Hampshire  Volunteers."  Though  there 
was  no  regimental  organization,  Surgeon  Andrew  J. 
Thompson  was  retained  in  the  service  to  attend  to  the 
health  of  the  battalion.  The  command  dates  its  organ 
ization  from  January  1st,  1865.  Captain  Landers 
assumed  command  of  the  battalion  by  virtue  of  su 
periority  of  rank. 

On  the  9th  of  January  the  battalion  was  ordered 
to  Vidalia,  on  the  Louisiana  shore,  directly  opposite 
Natchez.  The  post  was  commanded  by  Brigadier  General 
M.  Brayman — Lieut.  Marshall,  of  the  Veteran  Battalion, 
being  his  adjutant  general.  The  defenses  of  Vidalia 
consisted  of  a  square  redoubt,  with  bastions  at  the 
inland  angles,  inclosing  the  court  house  and  jail  of  the 
parish,  which  were  used  for  officers'  quarters  and  for 
the  storage  of  quartermaster's  and  ordnance  stores. 
The  work  mounted  four  ten  pounder  rifles  and  two 
howitzers,  and  was  garrisoned  by  the  Veteran  Battalion, 


390  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

a  squadron  of  the  New  Jersey  Cavalry,  and  a  section 
of  artillery.  All  the  territory  in  federal  possession  was 
included  in  a  picket  line  two  miles  in  length,  curving 
in  a  semi-circle  from  the  river  to  the  river  again.  In 
the  stream,  a  little  above  the  fort,  lay  the  huge  iron-clad 
Benton,  whose  hundred-pounders  and  eleven-inch  Dahl- 
grens  commanded  a  wide  sweep  of  country  in  rear  of 
the  post.  The  nearest  post  of  the  enemy  was  at  Har- 
risonburg,  about  forty  miles  distant,  with  an  outpost  at 
Trinity,  twenty-five  miles  from  Yidalia.  The  country 
between  was  a  sort  of  "  debatable  ground,"  being  raided 
over  by  either  party  in  turn.  The  Union  forces  would 
sweep  the  rebel  plantations  along  Black  river  of  all 
the  horses,  mules  and  corn  that  could  be  found,  while 
small  parties  of  the  enemy  would  make  midnight  forays 
upon  the  government  lessees,  most  of  whom  were 
northern  men,  who  trusting  to  their  contiguity  to  the 
Federal  lines  for  protection,  had  engaged  in  cotton- 
planting  around  Vidalia.  The  rebel  jay-hawkers  would 
plunder  them  and  shoot  them  down  remorselessly.  On 
one  occasion  a  party  of  sixty  of  these  rebel  marauders 
dashed  ihto  a  plantation  within  plain  sight  of  the  post, 
upon  which  was  a  picket  of  a  sergeant  and  six  men  of 
the  Veteran  Battalion.  The  sergeant  drew  up  his  little 
force  in  line  of  battle  across  the  road,  arid  as  the  enemy 
came  charging  down,  received  them  with  a  volley  from 
his  six  rifles,  which  sent  them  precipitately  to  the  "right 
about."  Plunder  and  not  fighting  being  their  object, 
they  retreated  at  the  slightest  show  of  resistance. 
These  raids  became  quite  frequent  during  the  month 
of  February,  but  the  enemy  never  ventured  to  attack 
the  post. 

It  being  ascertained  that  most  of  the  raiding  and 
plundering  about  Vidalia  was  done  by  deserters  from 
the  rebel  army  east  of  the  Mississippi,  who  were  living 
dt  their  homes  along  Black  river,  and  subsisting  upon 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  391 

the  spoils  of  their  guerilla  warfare,  General  Brayman 
decided  to  send  out  a  party  to  kill  or  capture  them  if 
possible ;  or  at  any  rate  to  seize  their  horses  and  mules, 
which  would  deprive  them  of  the  means  of  carrying  on 
their  depredations.  By  his  order,  on  the  4th  of  Febru 
ary,  Captain  James  R.  Newell,  of  Company  C,  with  a 
party  of  fifteen  men,  mounted  for  the  occasion,  started 
for  Black  river.  They  were  accompanied  by  four  scouts, 
Union  men  of  the  south,  who,  hunted  like  wild  beasts, 
their  crops  and  buildings  burned,  and  their  wives  and 
children  turned  houseless  into  the  woods  to  starve,  had 
entered  the  Union  service.  These  scouts  were  clad  in 
"rebel  gray,"  armed  to  the  teeth;  and,  being  rendered 
desperate  by  their  grievances,  had  sworn  never  to  be 
taken  alive,  all  preparations  having  been  made,  the  party 
started  from  Yidalia  before  daylight,  and  striking  across 
the  fields,  the  little  cavalcade  entered  the  wooded  swamp 
which  skirts  the  strip  of  cultivated  land  along  the  river, 
guided  only  by  the  compass,  and  marks  upon  trees — 
unnoticeable  by  ordinary  observers,  but  easily  seen  and 
recognized  by  the  keen-eyed  scouts.  The  party  at  last 
reached  Black  river  where  it  empties  into  Red  river, 
and  commenced  operations,  and,  swooping  down  upon 
the  haunts  of  the  guerillas,  captured  their  horses  and 
horse  equipments  ;  but  the  guerillas  themselves  escaped 
by  plunging  into  the  swamp.  Two  or  three  of  these 
rebel  rendezvous  were  broken  np  in  as  many  days,  when 
one  of  the  scouts,  who,  in  his  rebel  gray  had  ridden 
out  toward  Harrisonburg,  returned  with  the  intelligence 
that  their  movements  were  known  to  the  rebel  com 
mander,  and  that  a  force  of  about  three  hundred  rebel 
cavalry  were  in  hot  pursuit,  So,  leaving  Black  river, 
Captain  Newell  struck  into  the  swamp  once  more,  driv 
ing  before  the  party  the  captured  stock,  and  heading  for 
Vidalia.  A  furious  rain-storm  set  in,  and  soon  the 
rising  water  warned  them  that  an  overflow  of  the  Mis- 


392  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

sissippi  was  at  hand,  and  that  their  only  safety  lay  in 
reaching  higher  ground.  The  water  rose  rapidly  until 
it  reached  the  men's  styrrups;  the  enemy  behind,  the 
flood  for  miles  before  and  around  them,  they  splashed 
on  in  silence  through  the  gloomy  forest,  always  dark  in 
the  sunniest  days,  now  doubly  so  that  the  sky  was  over 
cast  and  the  air  filled  with  sheets  of  driving  rain.  It 
was  at  this  time  that  the  scouts'  knowledge  of  the  coun 
try  saved  the  whole  party.  Guided  by  them  they 
arrived  at  nightfall  on  a  ridge  of  land  in  the  midst  of 
the  swamps,  ten  miles  from  any  clearing  or  human 
habitation.  Here  they  bivouacked,  and  passed  a  most 
miserable  and  uncomfortable  night,  in  a  pelting  rain, 
without  shelter,  and  almost  entirely  destitute  of  food 
for  man  or  horse.  The  water  continued  to  rise  through 
the  next  day,  but  toward  night  the  rain  slackened,  and 
Captain  Newell,  with  one  of  the  scouts,  set  out  to  dis 
cover  some  means  of  escape  from  the  watery  blockade. 
They  pushed  out  into  the  water,  which  grew  deeper  and 
deeper  until  the  houses  had  to  swim.  Finally  the  scout's 
horse  gave  out,  sank  and  was  drowned,  while  he  took 
to  a  log.  Captain  Jewell's  horse  began  to  show  signs 
of  failing  strength,  when  he  threw  oft*  his  saber,  pistol, 
boots  and  overcoat,  and  plunging  into  the  water  seized 
his  horse's  mane,  and  after  an  hour's  swimming  the 
noble  animal  landed  him  again  upon  the  ridge,  when  he 
fell  insensible  to  the  ground — the  blood  rushing  from 
his  nostrils  from  the  violence  of  his  exertions.  He  was 
taken  to  the  fire  and  resuscitated.  The  darkness 
rendered  a  search  for  the  scout  that  night  impracticable. 
At  daylight  next  morning  Captain  Newell  and  two  men 
started  out  and  found  him  a  mile  and  a  half  from  the 
ridge,  clinging  to  the  log  almost  lifeless,  from  cold  and 
exhaustion.  He  was  rescued  and  carried  to  the  ridge, 
where  he  was  taken  care  of  and  restored.  The  men, 
being  upon  the  verge  of  starvation,  killed  a  horse  and  a 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT.  393 

mule,  and  feasted  upon  steaks  and  cutlets,  seasoned  with 
gunpowder  in  lieu  of  salt.  After  another  day  passed 
on  the  ridge,  the  swamp  being  still  impassable,  it  was 
determined  to  make  a  bold  push  for  the  Union  lines  by 
the  nearest  road,  which  after  some  sharp  practice  and 
amusing  adventures  they  reached  on  the  10th,  having 
been  absent  six  days. 

On  the  6th  of  March  the  battalion  returned  to 
Natchez,  where  they  were  engaged  in  provost  duty. 
They  soon  became  the  favorites  of  the  commanding 
general,  J.  W.  Davidson,  an  old  regular  army  officer, 
through  whose  exertions  they  were  fitted  out  with  new 
uniforms,  shoulder  scales,  etc.,  in  which  the  battalion 
presented  quite  a  holiday  appearance.  During  the 
month  of  March  a  detachment  from  the  battalion  pro 
ceeded  by  steamboat  to  Games'  Landing,  about  twenty- 
five  miles  up  the  river  from  whence  they  marched  into 
the  interior  and  captured  a  rebel  depot  of  supplies  and 
a  few  prisoners.  Lieut.  George  B.  Johnson  was  detailed 
as  assistant  provost  marshal  of  Natchez,  and  Lieut. 
John  J.  Nolan  to  command  the  military  prison. 

On  the  reception  of  the  news  of  the  surrender  of 
Lee's  army  and  the  capture  of  Richmond,  a  general 
illumination  of  the  city  and  a  torch-light  procession 
were  ordered  by  the  provost  marshal.  Both  were  grand, 
and  the  right  of  the  column  was  assigned  to  the  Veteran 
Battalion.  In  May  Surgeon  A.  J.  Thompson  was  as 
signed  to  duty  as  surgeon  in  charge  of  the  district, 
which  position  he  occupied  until  the  command  was 
mustered  out.  Captain  James  H.  Landers  was  detached 
as  assistant  commissary  of  musters,  leaving  Captain 
James  R.  Newell  in  command  of  the  battalion.  On 
the  5th  of  June  Lieut.  Charles  A.  Bowen,  of  Company 
B,  formerly  regimental  quartermaster  of  the  old  organ 
ization,  was  detached  as  post  quartermaster  at  Natchez, 


394  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

having  charge  of  several  million  dollars  worth  of  prop 
erty  of  every  description,  from  a  steamboat  to  a  mule 
shoe.  About  this  time  over  ninety  enlisted  men  of  the 
battalion  were  employed  upon  various  kinds  of  detached 
service,  as  clerks,  orderlies,  &c.,  a  fact  which  speaks 
well  for  the  trustworthiness  of  the  rank  and  file.  On 
the  12th  of  August  Lieut.  James  H.  Marshall  was  de- 

O 

tached  as  Acting  Assistant  Adjutant  General  upon  the 
staff  of  Major  General  H.  W.  Slocum,  commanding  the 
Department  of  Mississippi,  where  he  served  until  the 
battalion  was  mustered  out. 

The  battalion  was  ordered  to  Yicksburg  for  that 
purpose,  and  the  men  were  mustered  out  of  the  United 
tates  service  on  the  29th  of  October,  left  for  New  Hamp 
shire,  under  command  of  Capt.  Dana  W.  King,  and 
arrived  at  Concord  on  the  evening  of  the  6th  of  Novem 
ber,  where  they  were  received  by  Adjutant  General 
Natt  Head,  and  Governor  Frederick  Srnyth,  who  ad 
dressed  them  in  a  few  appropriate  words,  tendered  the 
thanks  of  the  State,  and  invited  them  to  a  hot  supper 
at  the  hotels.  On  Friday,  the  9th  of  November,  the 
battalion  was  paid  off  and  discharged.  One  hundred 
and  seventy-nine  enlisted  men  returned,  the  last  repre 
sentatives  of  over  one  thousand  seven  hundred  men 
who  had  served  in  the  Eighth  Regiment.  Captains 
Newell  and  Landers,  Surgeon  Thompson,  and  Lieuts. 
Bowen  and  Fletcher,  with  about  twenty-five  enlisted 
men,  were  left  at  the  South,  preferring  to  be  discharged 
there  to  returning  with  the  battalion.  The  officers  who 
returned  with  the  command  were  Captain  Dana  W. 
King,  commanding  the  battalion ;  and  Lieutenants 
George  B.  Johnson,  James  H.  Marshall  and  Nelson  H. 
Peterson. 

As  a  recognition  of  their  services  the  officers  of  the 
battalion  were  presented  with  brevet  commissions  by 
the  Governor,  making  the  roster  as  follows : 


EIGHTH  REGIMENT  395 

Colonel,  James  H.  Landers; 

Lieut.  Colonel,  Dana  "W.  King ; 

Major,  James  R.  Newell; 

Surgeon,  Andrew  J.  Thompson; 

Company  A — Captain,  George  B.  Johnson ; 

First  Lieut.  Nelson  H.  Peterson ; 
Company  B — Captain,  Charles  A.  Bowen; 

First  Lieut.  James  F.  W.  Fletcher; 
Company  C — Captain,  James  H.  Marshall; 

First  Lieut.  James  L.  "Wheeler. 

The  Eighth  Regiment  was  actively  engaged  in  the 
following  battles : 

Georgia  Landing,  October  27,  1862. 

Camp  Bisland,  April  12  and  13,  1863. 
Port  Hudson,                    May  27  and  June  14,  1863. 

Sabine  Cross  Roads,  April  8,  1864. 

Cane  River,  April  23,  1864. 

Moreauville,  May  17,  1864. 

Yellow  Bayou,  May  18,  1864. 

Besides  these  the  regiment  was  engaged  in  fifty-three 
distinct  skirmishes,  some  of  which,  previous  to  the  war 
of  the  rebellion,  would  have  been  considered  sanguinary 
battles,  and  in  all  of  them  was  distinguished  for  coolness 
and  bravery. 


396  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 


NINTH  REGIMENT. 


After  the  Eighth  Regiment  had  been  sent  to  the  field, 
recruiting  in  New  Hampshire  ceased,  and  by  order  of 
the  War  Department  all  recruiting  offices  for  volunteers 
were  closed  and  their  furniture  sold.  In  May,  1862,  an 
order  was  received  from  the  War  Department,  request 
ing  New  Hampshire  to  furnish  an  additional  regiment 
of  infantry.  A  bounty  of  twenty  dollars  was  offered — 
which  was  subsequently  increased  to  fifty  dollars — by 
the  State  to  each  person  who  might  enlist  in  any  new 
regiment,  and  sixty  dollars  to  those  who  would  enlist 
in  either  of  the  regiments  then  in  the  service.  The  men 
rendezvoused  at  Concord,  and  during  the  month  of  July 
a  large  portion  of  the  regiment  was  mustered  into  the 
United  States  service.  The  organization  was  finally 
completed  on  the  23d,  and  left  the  State  for  the  seat  of 
war  on  the  25th  of  August,  under  command  of  Colonel 
Enoch  Q.  Fellows,  who  had  previously  resigned  his  com 
mission  in  the  Third  Regiment.  The  following  were 
the  field,  staff  and  company  officers,  with  their  official 
record,  during  the  whole  term  of  the  service  of  the 
regiment : 

FIELD   AND    STAFF   OFFICERS. 


COLONELS — Enoch  Q.  Fellows,  of  Sandwicn. 

Resigned  Nov.  21,  1862. 

Herbert  B.  Titus,  of  Chesterfield. 

Discharged  Sept.  27,  1864.      Reinstated  by  Special  Order  No.  377.  War 
Department,  Nov.  1,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonels — Josiah  Stevens,  Jr.,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  June  14,1862. 

Herbert  B.  Titus,  of  Chesterfield. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  Nov.  22,  1862. 


NINTH  REGIMENT.  397 

John  "W.  Babbitt,  of  Keene. 

Wounded  May  12, 1864.     Discharged  on  account  of  wounds  Dec.  5, 1864. 

Majors — Herbert  B.  Titus,  of  Chesterfield. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Aug.  26,  1862. 

George  W.  Everett,  of  New  London. 

Died  August  27,  1863. 

George  H.  Chandler,  of  Concord. 

Wounded  May  12,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Adjutants — William  N.  Cook,  of  Wakefield. 

Died  August  9,  1862. 

George  H.  Chandler,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Major  Sept.  1,^1863. 

"William  I.  Brown,  of  Fish ervi lie. 

Promoted  to  Major  18th  N.  H.  Vols.,  Oct.  13,  1864. 

Oscar  D.  Robinson,  of  Plainfield.     . 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  1,  1865. 

Quartermasters — Carlton  B.  Hutchinson,  of  Lisbon. 

Resigned  Nov.  12,  1862. 

William  Pitt  Moses,  of  Great  Falls. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Surgeons — William  A.  Webster,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  Jan.  5,  1865. 

Francis  N.  Gibson,  of  Alstead. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Ass't  Surgeons — John  S.  Emerson,  of  Sandwich. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  18th  Regt.  N.  H.  Vols.,  March  22,  1865. 

Francis  N.  Gibson,  of  Alstead. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  Jan.  18,  1865 

Chaplain — Edward  M.  Gushee,  of  Dover. 

Resigned  Oct.  20,  1863. 

Sergeant  Majors — Edwin  Greene,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Sept.  29,  1862. 

George  P.  Sylvester,  of  Gilmanton. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  March  1,  1863. 

Franklin  H.  Foster,  of  Exeter. 

Captured  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  July  30,  1864.     Died  of  disease  at  Salis 
bury,  N.  C.,  Dec.  14,  1804. 

Newell  T.  Dutton,  of  Claremont. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865 

Quartermaster  Sergeants — James  B.  Perry,  of  Nashua. 

Discharged  for  disability  Nov.  26,  1862. 

S.  Henrv  Sprague,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  12,  1862. 


398  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Charles  P.  Hill,  of  Somersworth. 

Discharged  for  disability  at  Concord,  Sept.  18,  1863. 

Charles  E.  Rugg. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Commissary  Sergeants — H.  M.  Hanson,  of  Great  Falls. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Hospital  Stewards — Aaron  "W.  Shepard,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Ass't  Surgeon  18th  N.  H.  Vols.,  Nov.  10,  1864. 

Sylvester  J.  Hill,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Principal  Musicians — Sylvanus  Adams,  of  Milford. 

Mustered  out  Nov.  25,  1862. 

Alden  B.  Bennett,  of  Milford. 

Mustered  out  Nov.  25,  1862. 
COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

Co.  A. — Captains — L.  H.  Pillsbury,  of  Londonderry. 

Resigned  Aug.  7,  1863. 

Ludo  B.  Little,  of  Lyman. 

Wounded  severely  July  2,  1864.     Honorably  discharged  Oct.  24,  1864. 

First  Lieuts. — Wm.  S.  Pillsbury,  of  Londonderry. 

k  Resigned  Oct.  9,  1862. 

Oliver  P.  ISTewcomb,  of  Orford. 

Resigned  Jan.  11,  1863. 

Ludo  B.  Little,  of  Orford. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  1,  1864. 

George  "W.  Emery,  of  Dover. 

Killed  near  Poplar  Grove  Church,  Va.,  Sept.  30,  1864. 

Charles  J.  Simons,  of  Epping. 

Mustered^out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Oliver  P.  Newcomb,  of  Orford. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  9,  1862. 

John  Mooney,  of  Holderness. 

Resigned  March  2,  1863. 

Henry  O.  Sargent,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Dec.  22,  1863. 

George  H.  Drew,  of  Milford. 

Captured  July  30,  1864.     Exchanged.     Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Co.  B. — Captains — Samuel  J.  Alexander,  of  Concord. 

Wounded  severely  in  action  July  13,  1863,  at  Jacksonville,  Miss.     Died  of 
wounds  July  23,  1863. 

Orville  Smith,  of  Lempster. 

Killed  at  Spottsylvania,  Va.,  May  12,  1864. 


NINTH  REGIMENT.  399 

First  Lieuts. — Wm.  N.  Haradon,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Jan.  11,  1863. 

William  I.  Brown,  of  Fisherville. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  Nov.  1,  1863. 

H.  Baxter  Quimby,  of  Lisbon. 

Captured  at  Poplar  Grove  Church,  Va.,  Sept.  30, 1864.     Escaped.     Promot 
ed  to  Captain  May  1, 1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — T.  Melville  Chisholm,  of  Milton. 

Resigned  Oct.  9,  1862. 

Horace  Rolfe,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  March  11,  1863. 

John  C.  Sampson,  of  Rochester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1864. 

Henry  E.  Hubbard,  of  Keene. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Co.  C. — Captains — Augustus  S.  Ed^erly,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  slightly  Dec.  18, 1862.     Killed  May  6,  1864. 

Charles  D.  Copp,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Charles  "W.  Tilton,  of  Sanbornton. 

Resigned  Dec.  5,  1862. 

Charles  D.  Copp,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  28,  1864. 

Jerome  Kelley,  of  Salem. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Charles  D.  Capp,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1863. 

David  F.  Cheney,  of  Franklin. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  1,  1864. 

Co.  D. — Captains — Chester  C.  Stevens,  of  Exeter. 

Resigned  Dec.  25,  1862. 

Asa  T.  Hutchinson,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Andrew  J.  Hough,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  22,  1862. 

John  E.  Mason,  of  Manchester. 

Discharged  for  disability  March  9,  1865. 

John  Thompson,  of  Swanzey. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865 

Second  Lieuts. — Albert  Gr.  Merrill,  of  Conway. 

Resigned  Dec.  22,  1862 

George  W.  Emery,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1864 


400  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

John  Donovan,  of  Dover. 

Discharged  for  disability  Feb.  17, 1865. 

Co.  E. — Captains — Daniel  C.  Buswell,  of  Lebanon. 

Wounded  July  22,  1864.     Died  of  wounds  Aug.  8,  1864 

Oscar  D.  Robinson,  of  Plainrield. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Asa  T.  Hutcliinson,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  1,  1863. 

Charles  A.  Harnden,  of  Hillsborough. 

Resigned  July  29,  1863. 

John  C.  Sampson,  of  Rochester. 

Killed  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  July  30, 1864. 

Oscar  D.  Robinson,  of  Plainneld. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  March  1,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — James  N.  Edminster,  of  Cornish. 

Resigned  Oct.  27,  1862. 

H.  Baxter  Quimby,  of  Lisbon. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  1,  1864. 

Oscar  D.  Robinson,  of  Plainneld. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  1,  1864. 

Co.  F. — Captains — Andrew  J.  Stone,  of  Dunbarton. 

Wounded  May  18,  1864.     Died  of  wounds  May  20,  1864. 

Ervin  T.  Case,  of  Newport. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieuts.— William  Pitt  Moses,  of  Great  Falls. 

Appointed  Quartermaster  Nov.  13.  1862. 

S.  Henry  Sprague,  of  Keene. 

Died  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  Aug.  17,  1863. 

Edward  C.  Babb,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  1,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  E.  Mason,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  Nov.  22,  1862. 

Ludo  B.  Little,  of  Lyman. 

Wounded  severely  Dec.  13,  1862.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  1,  1863. 

Charles  W.  Wilcox. 

Captured  May  12, 1864.    Exchanged.    Honorably  discharged  May  15, 1865. 

Co.  G. — Captains — Smith  O.  Whitfield,  of  Francestown. 

Wounded  Sept.  17,  1862.     Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  123d  U.  S.  C.  T., 
Oct.  7,  1864. 

Edward  C.  Babb,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Orville  Smith,  of  Lempster. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  1,  1863. 


NINTH  REGIMENT.  401 

S.  Horace  Perry,  of  Keene. 

Honorably  discharged  April  20,  1864. 

Stacy  W.  Hall,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — C.  A.  Harnden,  of  Hillsborough. 

Wounded  Dec.  13,  1863.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1864. 

William  D.  Rice,  of  Clarernont. 

Wounded  May  12, 1864.    Killed  at  Poplar  Grove  Church,  Va.,  Sept.  30,  18G4. 

Co.  H. — Captains — Charles  W.  Edgerly,  of  Rochester. 

"Resigned  Feb.  17,  1863. 

James  Blaisdell,  of  Rochester. 

Dismissed  August  4,  1864. 

Benjamin  R.  Allen,  of  Newport. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — John  G.  Lewis,  of  Lancaster. 

Killed  at  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  Dec.  13,  1862. 

James  Blaisdell,  of  Rochester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  28,  1863. 

Edwin  Greene,  of  Concord. 

Wounded  July  30,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — James  Blaisdell,  of  Rochester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1863. 

Edward  C.  Babb,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1864. 

I.  Leonard  Harlow,  of  Lisbon. 

Honorably  discharged  Dec.  19,  1864. 

Co.  I. — Captains — John  W.  Babbitt,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Nov.  22,  1862. 

Andrew  J.  Hough,  of  Dover. 

Wounded  severely  and  captured  July  30,  1864.     Paroled.     Discharged  on 
account  of  wounds  June  22,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Jacob  Greene,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  March  8,  1804. 

David  F.  Cheney,  of  Franklin. 

Wounded  July  30,  1864.     Discharged  for  disability  Nov.  30,  1864. 

Charles  J.  Richards,  of  Great  Falls. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Nelson  N.  Sawyer,  of  Keene. 

"Resigned  Sept.  29,  1862. 

Edwin  Greene,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  1,  1863. 

George  P.  Sylvester,  of  Gilmanton. 
Wounded  May  12, 1864.  ^Died  of  wounds  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  June  5, 1864. 


402  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Co.  K. — Captain — John  B.  Cooper,  of  Newport. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Ervin  T.  Case,  of  Newport. 

P/omoted  to  Captain  July  28,  1864. 

Benjamin  R.  Allen,  of  Newport, 

Wounded  Sept.  30,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  1,  1865. 

Franklin  J.  Burnham,  of  Plaintield. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — William  I.  Brown,  of  Fisherville. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  1,  1863. 

Benjamin  R.  Allen,  of  Newport, 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  16,  1864. 


COLONEL  ENOCH  Q.  FELLOWS. 

Colonel  Fellows  was  born  at  Sandwich,  Carroll  Coun 
ty,  New  Hampshire,  on  the  20th  of  June,  1825.  His 
father  was  a  respectable  farmer,  in  humble  circum 
stances.  He  attended  public  schools  in  his  native  town 
until  old  enough  to  go  to  an  academy,  from  which  time 
until  he  was  nineteen  years  old  he  attended  different 
academies  and  taught  school  alternately.  He  had  nearly 
completed  his  preparatory  college  course  when  he  re 
ceived  an  appointment  to  the  United  States  Military 
Academy  at  West  Point,  where  he  entered  in  1844,  and 
remained  about  two  and  a  half  years,  standing,  when 
he  left  fifth  in  his  class  in  conduct,  and  eight  in  general 
standing.  Among  his  school  fellows  there  were  George 
B.  McClellan,  Ambrose  E.  Burnside,  D.  N.  Couch  and 
Jesse  L.  Reno,  all  of  whom  were  Major  Generals  in  the 
Union  army,  the  famous  Stonewall  Jackson,  of  the  rebel 
army,  and  many  others  who  were  prominent  actors 
during  the  war. 

After  leaving  West  point  Colonel  Fellows  returned 
to  his  native  town,  and  for  years  took  an  active  part  in 
the  militia  of  the  State.  He  held  several  commissions 
and  rose  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier  General.  In  1854 
he  was  appointed  Inspector  in  the  Boston  Custom 


H  Q .  F  E  L,  L  C\\r 
Col.  9^  N.  Li  v/ 


NINTH  REGIMENT.  403 

House,  which  position  he  held  three  years.  "When  the 
rebellion  broke  out,  in  1861,  Colonel  Fellows  was  the  first 
man  in  the  State,  north  of  Concord,  to  volunteer,  and 
one  of  the  very  first  to  take  an  active  part  in  enlisting 
and  organizing  the  three  months  volunteers,  called  for 
by  President  Lincoln,  immediately  after  the  surrender 
of  Fort  Sumter  to  the  rebels.  He  acted  as  Adjutant 
during  the  organization  of  the  First  Regiment,  was 
commissioned  to  that  place  by  Governor  Goodwin, 
served  with  the  regiment  during  its  term  of  enlistment, 
returned  with  it  to  the  State,  and  the  next  day  after 
being  mustered  out  was  commissioned  Colonel  of  the 
Third  Regiment.  He  organized  this  regiment  and 
commanded  it  about  a  year — except  about  three  months, 
when  he  was  acting  Brigadier  General.  When  General 
T.  W.  Sherman  was  getting  up  his  great  Naval  Expedi 
tion  he  came  to  Concord  and  obtained  the  promise  of 
the  Governor  that  the  Third  Regiment,  then  being 
organized,  should  form  a  part  of  it.  Colonel  Fellows 
was  the  first  Colonel  of  the  fifteen  regiments  composing 
that  expedition  to  be  mustered  in,  and  the  Third  was 
the  first  regiment  to  report  to  General  Sherman  in  ISTew 
York  City,  and  he  was  consequently  the  ranking  Colonel 
of  the  Expedition.  The  Expedition  took  Port  Royal 
on  the  7th  of  November,  1861.  During  the  months  of 
December,  1861,  and  January,  1862,  all  the  brigadier 
generals  were  assigned  to  duty  elsewhere,  and  Colonel 
Fellows  was  appointed  the  first  commandant  at  Hilton 
Head,  S.  C.  He  enjoyed  the  most  unbounded  confidence 
of  General  Sherman,  both  as  an  officer  and  a  gentleman, 
till  he  was  relieved  in  March,  1862.  Having  been 
absent  from  his  home  about  a  year  he  then  asked  for 
a  furlough,  and  General  Sherman  endorsed  his  applica 
tion  as  follows — he  having  been  relieved  :  "  The  valua 
ble  service  performed  in  the  Expeditionery  Corps  by 
Colonel  Fellows,  and  his  long  and  close  attention  to 


404  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

bis  important  duties  here,  renders  the  indulgence 
asked  for  a  very  reasonable  one,  whictt  I  intended  to 
grant  him."  Colonel  Fellows'  request  was  granted  at 
once,  but  just  then  there  was  a  disturbance  at  Edisto 
Island,  and  General  Benham  asked  General  Sherman 
which  was  the  best  regiment  to  send,  and  was  answered, 
the  Third  New  Hampshire,  and  that  regiment  was  ac 
cordingly  ordered  there.  Colonel  Fellows  then  told 
General  Benham  that,  under  the  circumstances,  he  did 
not  wish  to  avail  himself  of  his  furlough  at  that  time, 
if  he  could  be  of  service.  The  General  expressed  many 
thanks  for  the  offer,  and  immediately  placed  Colonel 
Fellows  in  command  of  all  the  troops  at  Edisto  and 
vicinity,  consisting  of  three  and  a  half  regiments  of 
infantry,  one  company  of  cavalry,  four  pieces  of  artil 
lery,  and  one  gunboat.  He  remained  there  three  or 
four  weeks,  and  drove  the  rebels  from  Jehosse  Island, 
and  after  the  capture  of  Fort  Pulaski,  and  all  had 
become  quiet,  Colonel  Fellows  was  relieved  and  received 
his  furlough. 

While  at  home,  without  his  knowledge,  the  Governor 
and  Council,  the  Adjutant  General  and  Secretary  of 
State  recommended  him  to  President  Lincoln  for  an 
appointment  as  Brigadier  General  of  United  States  Vol 
unteers,  as  a  man  well  qualified  by  education,  ability 
and  experience  to  fill  the  position  with  honor  to  the 
state  and  benefit  to  the  service.  "When  the  Ninth  Regi 
ment  was  being  enlisted,  about  this  time,  Governor 
Berry  offered  the  command  of  it  to  Colonel  Fellows, 
which  he  said  he  would  accept,  if  the  Governor  thought 
best.  He  accordingly  resigned  his  commission  as 
Colonel  of  the  Third,  and  accepted  that  of  Colonel  of 
the  Ninth,  on  the  14th  of  June,  1862.  On  arrival  in 
Washington  with  the  Ninth  Regiment,  Colonel  Fellows 
was  immediately  assigned  to  the  command  of  a  brigade, 
though  not  the  ranking  colonel.  This  was  about  the 


NINTH  REGIMENT.  405 

time  of  General  Pope's  defeat,  and  in  a  few  days  the 
army  was  reorganized  under  General  McClellan,  and  the 
Ninth  Regiment  was  assigned  to  an  old  brigade ;  and  in 
less  than  three  weeks  from  the  time  the  regiment  left 
New  Hampshire  it  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  South 
Mountain  and  Antietam.  At  South  Mountain  the  Ninth 
Regiment,  under  Colonel  Fellows,  made  one  of  the  most 
brilliant  bayonet  charges  of  the  whole  war,  drove  a 
rebel  battery  from  the  field,  capturing  several  prisoners, 
and  he  was  especially  complimented  on  the  field  by 
Brigadier  General  Nagle,  in  command  of  the  brigade, 
and  Major  General  Reno,  in  command  of  the  corps. 
General  Reno  had  scarcely  turned  his  horse  from 
Colonel  Fellows  to  depart,  after  congratulating  him 
upon  the  good  behavior  of  his  men,  when  he  received 
his  death  wound.  Soon  after  the  battle  of  Antietam, 
Colonel  Fellows  broke  down  in  health  and  resigned. 
He  was  undoubtedly  one  of  the  most  capable  officers  in 
the  army  from  New  Hampshire  during  the  four  years 
continuance  of  the  war.  He  was  always  faithful  and 
attentive  to  duty  and  cool  and  skillful  in  action.  His 
military  education  and  experience,  at  a  time  when 
there  were  but  few  men  in  the  State  who  knew  any 
thing  about  the  requirements  of  troops  fitting  for  the 
field,  were  of  great  benefit  to  the  service. 

At  the  close  of  his  military  service  Colonel  Fellows 
returned  to  his  native  town,  Sandwich,  where  he  has 
since  resided.  In  1868  and  1869  he  was  an  active  and 
valuable  member  of  the  popular  branch  of  the  New 
Hampshire  Legislature  from  Sandwich;  and  in  the 
latter  year  was  appointed  a  United  States  Assistant 
Assessor  of  Internal  Revenue  in  the  First  District. 
His  principal  business  is  that  of  private  banker,  at  St. 
Paul,  Minnesota,  where  he  has  a  partner,  and  from 
which  he  derives  a  handsome  income. 


406  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 


COLONEL   HERBERT  B.    TITU& 

At  the  time  the  rebellion  broke  out  Colonel  Titus  was 
engaged  in  teaching,  at  Chesterfield,  Cheshire  County, 
New  Hampshire,  and  was  among  the  first  men  in  that 
County  to  enlist  under  the  call  of  the  President  for 
seventy-five  thousand  volunteers  for  three  months,  and 
was  on  the  4th  of  June,  1861,  commissioned  Second 
Lieutenant  of  Company  A,  in  the  Second  Regiment,  in 
which  position  he  served,  sharing  the  fortunes  of  that 
regiment,  until  June,  1862,  when  he  was  promoted  to 
Major  of  the  Ninth  New  Hampshire  Regiment.  He 
was  promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  of  the  same  on  the  26th 
of  August,  of  the  same  year,  and  on  the  resignation  of 
Colonel  Fellows,  was  promoted  to  Colonel  on  the  22d  of 
November,  in  which  position  he  continued  until  the 
muster  out  of  his  regiment,  June  10,  1865.  He  was 
wounded  in  the  battle  of  Antietam  by  a  rifle  ball,  while 
he  was  himself  using  a  musket.  His  loss  to  the  regi 
ment  was  very  severely  felt,  for  he  had  already  won  the 
confidence  of  the  men,  and  Colonel  Fellows  was  the 
only  field  officer  left — Major  Everett  not  yet  having  join 
ed  the  command.  On  this  occasion,  and  also  at  South 
Mountain,  a  few  days  previous,  Lieut.  Colonel  Titus 
distinguished  himself  for  gallantry  and  skill.  During 
his  term  in  the  army  he  was  often  in  command  of  a 
brigade,  and  rendered  valuable  service  in  every  position 
where  the  fortunes  of  war  placed  him.  He  returned  to 
the  State  with  his  regiment,  after  the  close  of  the  war, 
and  was  mustered  out  with  it.  Subsequent  to  the  close 
of  the  war  Colonel  Titus  purchased  an  extensive  tract 
of  land  in  Virginia,  where  he  now  resides,  engaged  in 
its  care  and  cultivation. 


NINTH  REGIMENT.  407 


MAJOR    GEORGE   WASHINGTON   EVERETT. 

Major  Everett  was  born  at  New  London,  Merrimack 
County,  New  Hampshire,  on  the  19th  of  November, 
1819.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  and  acad 
emy  of  his  native  town.  He  pursued  a  course  of  legal 
study  in  the  office  of  Walter  P.  Flanders,  Esq.,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  Merrimack  County  Bar  in  October  1847. 
During  his  whole  course  of  study  he  was  dependent 
upon  his  own  exertions  for  means,  and  exhibited  great 
diligence  and  ambition.  Soon  after  he  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  he  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  his  native 
town,  where  he  continued  until  he  entered  the  army. 
In  1852  and  1856  he  was  elected  a  member  from  New 
London  of  the  New  Hampshire  House  of  Representa 
tives,  and  took  a  prominent  part  on  committees  and  in 
debates.  He  was  Solicitor  for  Merrimack  County  five 
years,  from  1856  to  1861,  and  discharged  the  duties  of 
that  office  in  an  able  and  acceptable  manner. 

In  the  summer  of  1862,  Major  Everett  felt  that  he 
owed  a  duty,  and  his  life,  if  need  be,  to  his  country,  and 
accordingly  offered  his  services  to  the  Governor.  He 
was  commissioned  Major  of  the  Ninth  Regiment  on  the 
26th  of  August,  1862,  but  did  not  leave  the  State  with 
his  regiment,  on  account  of  sickness,  but  joined  it  soon 
afterward,  and  was  with  it  in  several  battles  and  skir 
mishes,  in  all  of  which  he  proved  himself  a  brave  and 
faithful  officer.  In  August  1863,  as  the  Ninth  Regiment 
was  coming  up  the  Mississippi  river  from  Yicksburg, 
Major  Everett  was  taken  dangerously  ill,  and  continuing 
to  grow  worse,  he  stopped  on  his  arrival  at  Cincinnati, 
hoping  that  a  few  days  rest  would  restore  him  to  health ; 
but  he  failed  rapidly  until  the  27th  of  August,  1863, 
when  he  died,  lamented  by  his  regiment  and  a  very 
large  circle  of  friends  in  New  Hampshire.  His  remains 


408  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

were  sent  home  in  charge  of  Lieut.  Orville  Smith,  to  his 
sorrowing  wife  and  family.  His  funeral  took  place  at 
New  London  on  the  31st  of  August,  and  was  attended 
by  a  very  large  concourse  of  friends  and  citizens.  At 
the  conclusion  of  the  general  services  in  the  Baptist 
church,  where  he  had  been  a  worshipper  from  early 
boyhood,  the  body  was  given  in  charge  of  the  Mount 
Horeb  Commandery  of  Knights  Templar,  of  Concord, 
of  which  organization  the  deceased  was  an  esteemed 
associate,  and  by  the  members  was  conveyed  to  the 
village  cemetery,  where  with  impressive  ceremonies  it 
was  sacredly  consigned  to  the  grave. 

The  Ninth  Kegiment  left  Concord  for  Washington  on 
the  25th  of  August,  1862,  and  was  soon  encamped  at 
Arlington  Heights.  This  was  among  the  darkest  days 
of  the  rebellion,  when  General  Pope's  broken  and  dis 
pirited  troops  were  falling  back  upon  the  national  capi 
tal.  Lee  had  invaded  Maryland  and  was  marching  on 
Harrisburg. 

All  available  troops  were  being  brought  into  the  field, 
and  the  Ninth  left  camp  on  the  6th  of  September  to  join 
the  armies  reunited  under  McClellan,  and  already  mov 
ing  to  oppose  the  progress  of  Lee.  The  regiment  was 
assigned  to  the  First  Brigade,  Second  Division,  Ninth 
Corps,  Colonel  James  Nagle,  of  the  Forty-eighth  Penn 
sylvania,  commanding  the  brigade,  which  was  then  on 
the  march,  and  which  was  overtaken  by  the  Ninth  at 
the  Monocacy  river,  on  the  13th  of  September. 

BATTLE  OF  SOUTH  MOUNTAIN. 

About  noon  on  the  14th  of  September  the  Ninth  Regi 
ment  was  ordered  into  the  field  for  its  first  battle,  which 
had  already  commenced  at  South  Mountain.  The  ene 
my  occupied  the  crest  of  the  mountain,  the  sides  of 
which  were  steep  and  rugged,  covered  with  wood  and 


NINTH  REGIMENT.  409 

underbrush.  The  Ninth  was  formed  in  line  of  battle, 
about  half  way  up  the  mountain,  and  was  ordered  to 
charge,  by  Colonel  Fellows,  which  they  did  in  the  most 
gallant  style.  The  rebels  opened  upon  them  from  above, 
but  most  of  the  bullets  passed  over  their  heads.  A 
cross  fire  from  a  rebel  battery  caused  some  confusion  in 
the  line,  but  did  not  stop  its  progress.  The  enemy 
hastily  retreated,  leaving  the  summit  of  the  mountain  in 
the  hands  of  the  Ninth  and  their  comrades.  For  its 
gallantry  the  regiment  was  complimented  by  Colonel 
Nagle,  commanding  the  brigade,  and  General  Reno, 
commanding  the  corps.  The  regiment  suffered  a  loss 
of  twenty-five  men  wounded,  two  of  whom  subsequently 
died. 

BATTLE  OF  ANTIETAM. 

On  the  morning  of  the  17th  of  September  the  Ninth 
Regiment  moved  on  to  the  battle  ground  of  Antietam, 
and  took  position  with  the  Ninth  Corps,  on  the  left  of 
the  army,  opposite  the  famous  stone  bridge  over  Antie 
tam  Creek.  The  enemy  was  formidably  posted  on  the 
opposite  side,  on  a  high,  steep  bank,  heavily  wooded, 
and  presenting  a  discouraging  obstacle  to  an  advance. 
The  lines  were  formed  along  the  banks  of  the  stream, 
at  a  distance  of  little  more  than  two  rods  apart.  For 
two  hours  each  side  poured  into  the  other  an  incessant 
fire  of  musketry,  the  enemy  having  the  advantage  in 
position,  being  considerably  higher  than  the  Union 
lines,  and  partly  protected  by  rude  earth  works.  During 
this  terrific  fire  Lieut.  Colonel  Titus  was  wounded,  while 
himself  using  a  rifle.  Colonel  Fellows  was  the  only 
field  officer  left — Major  Everett  not  yet  having  joined 
the  regiment.  The  Ninth  behaved  admirably  during 
the  fight  and  in  the  fierce  contest  which  ensued  in  the 
passage  of  the  bridge,  not  a  man  left  the  ranks  except 
he  was  ordered  away  with  some  wounded  comrade. 


410  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

The  bridge  was  finally  carried  by  storm,  and  the  Ninth 
was  one  of  the  first  regiments  over,  climbing  the  oppo 
site  slope  under  a  murderous  artillery  fire.  The  enemy 
was  forced  back,  and  night  came  on  with  a  substantial 
victory  for  the  Union  arms.  The  Ninth  lost  in  the 
engagement  ten  men  killed  and  eighty  wounded. 
Among  the  wounded,  besides  Lieut.  Colonel  Titus,  were 
Captains  Cooper  and  Whitfield.  For  a  regiment  not 
yet  a  month  old,  and  with  only  the  discipline  and  drill 
of  an  active  campaign,  amid  the  smoke  and  confusion 
of  the  battle  field,  the  conduct  of  the  Ninth  deserved 
and  received  special  commendation. 

On  the  1st  of  October  the  brigade  moved  to  Pleasant 
Valley  and  went  into  camp.  On  the  26th  the  army 
commenced  its  pursuit  of  Lee.  Major  Everett  joined 
the  regiment  soon  after  the  battle  of  Antietam.  On  the 
17th  of  November,  while  at  "Warrenton,  Colonel  Fellows 
resigned,  on  account  of  impaired  health,  and  on  the  22d 
Lieut.  Colonel  Titus  was  commissioned  Colonel,  and 
Captain  John  "W.  Babbitt,  of  Company  I,  was  promoted 
to  Lieut.  Colonel.  When  General  Burn  side  assumed 
command  of  the  army  of  the  Potomac,  the  Ninth  Corps 
was  placed  in  command  of  General  "Wilcox,  and  was 
assigned  to  the  right  grand  division  under  General 
S umner.  The  division  to  which  thei  Ninth  belonged 
was  commanded  by  General  Sturgis.  General  Sumner 
was  the  first  to  reach  the  Rappahannock,  and  encamped 
to  the  north  and  east  of  Falmouth,  where  the  Ninth 
Regiment  was  engaged  in  camp  duties  until  the 

BATTLE  OF  FREDERICKSBURG. 

On  the  12th  of  December  the  Ninth  Regiment  crossed 
the  Rappahannock  and  remained  in  the  streets  of  Fred- 
ericksburg  all  that  day  and  the  succeeding  night.  Early 
the  next  morning  heavy  firing  commenced,  and  the 


NINTH  REGIMENT.  411 

regiment  was  put  under  arms,  and  so  continued  until 
one  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  when  the  brigade  was 
ordered  into  the  fight,  a  single  regiment  at  a  time.  Tl.e 
Ninth  moved  to  the  left  and  rear  of  the  city,  and  swing 
ing  to  the  right,  advanced  along  the  open  field  toward 
the  railroad,  which  having  crossed,  it  came  under  a 
galling  fire  of  artillery.  Here  they  advanced  at  a  double 
quick,  the  fire  increasing  each  moment  until  they  came 
to  a  deep  cut,  through  which  ran  a  carriage  road,  the 
sides  being  fifteen  feet  high,  and  nearly  perpendicu 
lar.  Into  this  cut  they  rushed,  when  Lieutenant  Lewis 
was  hit  by  a  piece  of  bursting  shell,  and  fell  head 
long  down  the  embankment  a  corpse.  Two  pieces  of 
rebel  artillery  enfiladed  the  road,  and  poured  into  the 
men  crowded  into  these  narrow  limits  a  murderous  fire 
of  shell  and  canister.  Many  of  the  oificers  and  men, 
with  great  courage,  made  their  way  to  the  summit  of 
the  embankment,  and  pulled  those  more  heavily  laden 
up  after  them.  Here  the  same  murderous  fire  from  the 
front,  increased  by  volleys  of  musketry,  met  them  full 
in  the  face.  There  was,  however,  no  stop,  and,  swinging 
to  the  left,  the  Ninth  advanced  across  an  open  field, 
every  foot  of  which  was  exposed  to  the  fire  of  the  rebel 
artillery,  and  was  already  thickly  strewn  with  dead  and 
wounded,  the  Ninth  adding  its  quota  to  the  ghastly 
scene.  In  crossing  fences  and  ditches  the  companies 
got  somewhat  separated  from  each  other.  The  color- 
bearer  was  mortally  wounded,  and  several  of  the  color- 
guard  had  been  killed  or  disabled.  When  Sergeant 
Dinsmore,  who  carried  the  national  colors,  fell  mortally 
wounded,  Lieut.  C.  D.  Copp,  of  Company  C,  caught 
them  up,  and,  advancing  to  the  front,  waved  them,  ex 
claiming,  " Hurrah,  boys!  Come  on!"  maintaining  his 
position  until  the  front  line  was  reached.  Here  the 
men,  sheltering  themselves  as  much  as  possible  behind 
knolls,  embankments  and  stone  walls,  kept  up  a  nearly 


412  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

fruitless  fire  on  the  impregnable  position  of  the  enemy 
until  after  dark,  when  it  was  withdrawn*  to  the  city,  and 
recrossed  the  river  with  the  rest  of  the  corps  and  went 
into  camp  on  its  old  ground.  The  Ninth  was  com 
manded  in  this  battle  by  Lieut.  Colonel  Babbitt.  The 
loss  of  the  regiment  was  four  killed  and  eighty-two 
wounded.  Lieut.  Lewis  was  among  the  killed,  and 
Captain  A.  S.  Edgerly  and  Lieut.  Charles  A.  Harndon 
were  of  the  wounded. 

The  Ninth  Regiment  remained  in  camp  opposite 
Fredericksburg  until  the  fore  part  of  February,  1863, 
wThen  with  its  Corps  it  was  ordered  to  Newport  News, 
and  from  thence  on  the  25th  of  March  embarked  for 
Baltimore,  on  its  way  to  Lexington,  Kentucky,  where 
it  arrived  on  the  31st.  The  brigade  was  broken  up 
and  the  regiments  were  scattered  about  the  State  for 
the  purpose  of  fostering  the  Union  sentiment  and  dis 
couraging  the  appearance  of  disloyalty.  The  Ninth 
was  in  the  Blue  Grass  region,  where  provisions  were 
abundant  and  cheap,  and  the  men  lived  upon  the  fat  of 
the  land.  On  the  2d  of  May  the  Ninth  marched  to 
Paint  Lick,  where  it  joined  the  rest  of  the  brigade, 
which  was  soon  ordered  to  join  General  Grant's  force 
which  was  besieging  Yicksburg,  where  they  arrived 
about  the  middle  of  June.  General  Johnston's  army 
was  approaching  from  the  east  and  threatening  Grant's 
rear.  To  meet  the  emergency  the  Ninth  Corps  was, 
two  days  after  its  arrival,  embarked  on  boats  and  sent 
up  the  Mississippi  to  the  Yazoo,  and  up  that  river  to 
Milldale,  a  mile  or  two  from  Haines'  Bluff,  where  a  line 
of  defense  was  taken  up,  stretching  from  the  Yazoo  on 
the  north  to  the  Big  Black  on  the  south.  Timber  was 
slashed  and  batteries  were  erected  along  the  line,  and 
the  approach  of  Johnston  to  the  relief  of  Yicksburg 
was  thus  effectually  cut  off.  Here  the  men  were  sub- 


NINTH  REGIMENT.  413 

jected  to  the  severest  toil,  many  privations  and  a  most 
unhealthy  climate. 

Vicksburg  surrendered  on  the  4th  of  July,  and  Johns 
ton  began  to  retreat,  with  the  Ninth  Corps  in  hot 
pursuit.  On  the  5th  General  Sherman  came  up  with 
the  Fourteenth  Corps,  and  assumed  command  of  the 
whole  force  engaged  in  the  chase.  Johnston  made  a 
stand  at  Jackson,  and  awaited  the  arrival  of  Sherman. 
On  the  night  of  the  13th,  Captain  Alexander,  of  Com 
pany  B,  who  had  posted  his  men  on  the  picket  line  and 
was  attempting  to  pass  back  in  the  intense  darkness, 
along  the  line,  was  shot  by  his  own  men,  who  had  been 
ordered  to  fire  upon  any  object  approaching  from  that 
direction.  Captain  Alexander  died  in  consequence  on 
the  23d.  Two  or  three  hours  later  a  party  of  rebels, 
who  knew  the  ground  perfectly,  crept  stealthily  upon 
that  portion  of  the  line,  and  bayoneted  private  Dustin, 
of  Company  B,  whose  death-cry  brought  every  man 
instantly  to  his  feet.  Others  had  hand  to  hand  conflicts 
with  their  assailants,  and  one  or  two  were  wounded  : 
but  all  stood  their  ground,  and  though  they  could  only 
fire  at  random  upon  their  unseen  foe,  the  attack  was 
repulsed  and  the  line  held.  Preparations  were  made 
for  storming  the  town,  but  Johnston  retired  to  Meridian, 
and  Sherman  not  thinking  it  expedient  to  follow  him 
into  the  enemy's  country,  returned  with  his  command 
to  Milldale,  about  sixty  miles. 

On  the  10th  of  August  the  Ninth  embarked  and 
arrived  at  Covington,  Kentucky,  on  the  21st.  On  the 
way  Major  Everett  was  taken  sick  and  died  soon  after 
reaching  Cincinnati.  After  four  days  passed  at  Coving- 
ton  they  removed  to  Camp  Nelson,  near  Nicholasville. 
General  Burnside  had  taken  Knoxville,  and  the  Ninth 
Corps  was  called  upon  by  him  to  take  part  in  the  cam 
paign  in  East  Tennessee,  while  the  Ninth  Regiment  was 
sent  to  Paris  to  guard  the  railroad  between  Cincinnati 


414  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  Camp  Nelson,  being  scattered  along  in  detachments 
for  a  distance  of  twenty  miles.  The  regiment  was 
suffering  extremely  from  disease  occasioned  by  the 
miasma  of  the  Yazoo  swamps,  so  that  the  monthly 
returns  for  August  showed  that  out  of  three  hundred 
and  six  present,  one  hundred  and  forty-three  were  on  the 
sick  list,  while  most  of  the  officers  were  at  home  on 
sick  leave.  Though  the  men  had  the  best  of  care  and 
hospital  accommodations,  it  was  many  weeks  before  they 
fully  recovered  from  the  effects  of  the  disease  contracted 
on  the  Yazoo. 

During  the  month  of  December  a  large  number  of 
recruits  joined  the  regiment,  most  of  whom  were  a 
disgrace  to  the  service.  The  whole  number  assigned 
to  the  Ninth  during  1863  and  1864,  was  eight  hundred 
and  twenty-eight,  and  of  these  four  hundred  and  forty- 
four  either  never  reached  their  command,  or  deserted 
very  soon  afterward,  while  of  those  who  remained  many 
were  worthless,  from  various  causes.  The  regiment, 
by  its  good  conduct  won  the  confidence  and  esteem  of 
the  people,  who  expressed  their  regret  when  it  was 
removed. 

The  Ninth  was  relieved  from  duty  on  the  railroad  on 
the  15th  of  January,  1864,  and  soon  after  proceeded  to 
Cumberland  river,  arriving  at  Camp  Burnside,  at  the 
head  of  steamboat  navigation,  on  the  30th,  where  a 
force  was  needed  to  protect  the  supplies  for  the  army  in 
East  Tennessee,  which  were  sent  forward  to  Knoxville 
by  way  of  Cumberland  Gap,  by  large  trains  of  pack 
mules.  Soon  guerillas  began  to  be  troublesome  in  the 
mountain  districts,  and  the  Ninth  New  Hampshire  Regi 
ment  and  First  Ohio  Artillery  were  ordered  to  proceed 
to  Knoxville,  by  different  routes — the  latter  to  do  duty 
in  the  town  and  the  former  to  rejoin  the  Ninth  Corps. 
The  march  was  one  of  extreme  hardship  and  privation, 
the  men  suffering  as  none  others  suffered,  perhaps, 


NINTH  REGIMENT.  415 

except  in  East  Tennessee.  They  reached  Knoxville  on 
the  17th  of  March,  and  joined  the  Ninth  Corps.  On  the 
21st  the  Corps  started  for  central  Kentucky,  and  the 
regiment  re-crossed  the  Cumberland  Mountains  by  a 
new  route,  and  came  out  at  Camp  Burnside  on  the  27th, 
and  four  days  later  reached  Nicholasville  again. 

The  Ninth  was  ordered  to  Annapolis,  Md.,  where  it 
arrived  on  the  5th  of  April,  and  was  placed  in  the 
Second  Brigade  of  the  Second  Division,  with  the  Sixth 
and  Eleventh  New  Hampshire,  under  the  command  of 
Colonel  S.  G.  Griffin,  of  the  former  regiment.  Here 
convalescents  and  recruits  arrived  sufficient  to  swell  the 
number  of  men  present  for  duty  to  five  hundred  and 
twenty-eight.  The  brigade  to  which  the  Ninth  belonged 
crossed  the  Rappahannock  and  joined  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  on  the  4th  of  May. 

At  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  on  the  6th  of  May, 
Captain  Augustus  S.  Edgerly,  of  Company  C,  who  was 
serving  on  the  staff  of  Colonel  Griffin,  was  killed.  The 
division  moved  to  Fredericksburg,  on  the  9th,  and 
bivouacked  just  inside  the  works  surrounding  the  city. 
Here  Colonel  Titus  was  carried  to  the  hospital,  sick  with 
a  fever,  and  the  command  of  the  regiment  devolved 
upon  Major  Chandler. 

BATTLE  OF  SPOTTSYLVANIA. 

At  daybreak  on  the  12th  of  May  a  grand  charge  was 
ordered  along  the  whole  line,  the  signal  for  which  was 
to  be  the  opening  of  the  artillery.  The  Ninth  Regiment 
numbered  about  five  hundred  muskets,  and  never  in 
better  discipline,  was  stationed  on  the  extreme  right  of 
the  Ninth  Corps.  The  brigade  moved  forward  in  line 
of  battle,  preceded  by  the  skirmishers,  Companies  I 
and  G,  which,  commanded  by  Captain  Hough,  and 
Lieuts.  Rice  and  Sylvester,  in  their  progress  captured 


416  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

about  fifty  of  the  enemy's  skirmishers.  In  moving 
through  a  dense  pine  forest  the  Ninth,  though  preserving 
its  line  as  well  as  possible,  got  partially  separated  from 
the  rest  of  the  brigade,  and  gained  the  open  field  in 
front  considerably  in  advance  of  them.  The  Second 
Corps  was  immediately  on  the  right,  and  had  charged 
a  little  in  advance  of  the  Mnth.  They  had  already 
reached  the  rebel  works,  taken  possession  of  the  first 
line,  with  a  large  number  of  prisoners,  and  were  now 
being  hard  pressed  by  a  counter  march  on  the  part  of 
the  rebels.  As  the  Nmth  issued  from  the  woods  with 
the  remainder  of  the  brigade,  the  second  Corps  set  up 
a  loud  cheer  at  the  sight  of  reinforcements.  A  shower 
of  bullets  from  the  rebels  greeted  their  appearance, 
but  they  were  so  widely  aimed  that  few  took  effect. 
The  brigade  moved  steadily  forward  and  down  the 
intervening  slope,  over  fallen  trees  and  piles  of  brush, 
toward  the  enemy,  concealed  by  a  dense  fog  which 
covered  the  field,  but  who  were  pouring  forth  in  dense 
masses  to  meet  the  impending  assault.  At  this  junc 
ture  an  officer  of  the  Second  Corps  rode  up,  shouting, 
"  Colonel,  or  whoever  commands  that  battalion,  for 
God's  sake  change  front,  for  they  are  coming  in  on 
my  left !  "  In  another  moment  he  fell  from  his  horse 
pierced  by  a  rebel  bullet.  Major  Chandler  gave  the 
necessary  order  and  the  regiment  commenced  the  move 
ment,  when  the  rebel  bullets  began  to  take  effect.  A 
series  of  light  outer  works,  from  which  the  rebel  pickets 
had  retired  was  soon  reached,  when  the  command  was 
given  to  halt  and  fire.  At  the  first  volley  many  of  the 
pieces  were  so  damp  that  they  missed  fire,  while  others 
were  so  damaged  that  the  cartridges  barely  ignited 
sufficiently  to  empty  the  barrels.  The  fire  of  the  enemy 
increased  to  a  continued  roar,  who  emerged  from  the 
fog  directly  in  front  and  to  the  left  of  the  Mnth,  at  a 
distance  of  scarcely  a  hundred  paces,  and  advancing 


NINTH  REGIMENT.  417 

in  three  lines  of  battle.  A  conflict  more  terrible,  and 
a  slaughter  more  destructive  than  any  in  which  the 
regiment  had  ever  engaged,  now  ensued.  The  two 
lines  advanced  so  closely  together  that  their  rifles  flashed 
in  each  other's  faces.  The  left  was  separated  from  the 
rest  of  the  brigade,  and  was  wholly  unprotected.  The 
enemy  were  rapidly  swinging  round  into  the  rear,  and 
the  only  alternative  was  to  fall  back  while  the  way 
was  yet  open  ;  and  rallying  around  the  colors,  already 
pierced  by  a  score  of  bullets,  the  regiment  fell  back 
to  the  woods,  leaving  the  dead  and  wounded  on  the 

O 

field.  While  falling  back  the  color-bearer  was  wounded, 
and  Corporal  Parsons,  of  Company  E,  seizing  the  national 
colors,  bravely  shouted  to  the  men  to  rally  around 
and  protect  them.  Major  Chandler  was  wounded,  and 
would  have  fallen  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy  had  not 
some  of  the  men  taken  him  in  a  blanket  and  borne  him 
from  the  field.  The  woods  gained,  the  remnant  of  the 
battalion  was  reorganized  and  took  position  with  the 
brigade  in  the  line,  which  was  successfully  held  against 
the  enemy  during  the  day. 

Captain  Smith  was  killed;  Lieut.  Colonel  Babbitt, 
who  was  temporarily  in  command  of  the  Thirty-second 
Maine,  was  wounded ;  Lieut.  Sylvester  was  wounded 
mortally ;  Major  Chandler  seriously,  and  Lieut.  Wilcox 
was  captured.  Forty-two  enlisted  men  were  killed  out 
right,  ninety-four  were  wounded,  and  seventy  were 
missing.  The  latter  were  nearly  all  wounded,  and  in 
the  hands  of  the  enemy.  The  fight  was  short,  but  the 
most  severe  one  in  which  the  Mnth  Regiment  was 
engaged. 

On  the  18th  another  advance  was  ordered,  in  which 
the  Ninth,  with  other  regiments,  was  used  as  support. 
It  was  exposed  to  a  severe  artillery  fire,  during  which 
Captain  Stone,  who  was  in  command  of  the  regiment, 
was  mortally  wounded.  The  command  then  devolved 


418  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

upon  Captain  Buswell.  The  regiment  lost,  besides 
Captain  Stone,  two  men  killed  and  seventy-six  more 
or  less  wounded.  At  Ptolopotamy  Creek,  on  the  28th 
in  a  skirmish  with  the  enemy,  the  regiment  lost  one 
man  killed  and  sixteen  wounded.  At  Cold  Harbor,  on 
the  3d  of  June,  the  Ninth  supported  a  battery,  and 
suffered  a  loss  of  only  one  or  two  men  wounded. 

On  the  16th  of  June,  after  a  march  of  thirty  miles, 
the  Ninth  with  its  brigade  arrived  in  the  vicinity  of 
Petersburg,  and  during  the  night,  in  which  it  was  en 
gaged  in  a  smart  skirmish  with  the  enemy,  several  men 
were  wrounded.  The  next  day  the  regiment  had  fifteen 
men  wounded  out  of  the  hundred  and  twenty-five  to 
which  its  effective  strength  had  been  reduced.  The 
next  two  months  the  Ninth  spent  in  the  trenches  before 
Petersburg,  participating  with  the  other  troops  in  the 
hardships  of  the  siege.  On  the  3d  of  July  Captain 
Little  was  badly,  and  on  the  22d  Captain  Buswell 
mortally  wounded  by  stray  shots  from  the  enemy. 

In  the  battle  of  the  "  Mine,"  on  the  30th  of  July, 
the  Ninth  bore  a  prominent  part.  Its  position  was  in 
the  first  line  of  the  division,  just  in  front  of  the  rebel 
fort,  where  the  troops  were  massed  for  the  assault.  At 
the  instant  of  the  explosion  it  sprang  forward,  and  was 
the  first  to  plant  its  colors  on  the  ruined  work.  In  the 
fierce  conflict  that  ensued  for  the  possession  of  what 
had  been  gained,  the  regiment  was  conspicuous.  Twice 
its  colors  fell,  but  they  were  quickly  raised  again.  Ser 
geant  Wilkins  re-captured  the  flag  of  the  Twenty-first 
Massachusetts,  which  had  been  taken,  and  afterward 
received  a  medal  from  the  War  Department  in  ac 
knowledgment  of  his  gallantry.  Lieut.  Simons,  then 
a  sergeant,  pushed  far  ahead  of  his  regiment,  and  found 
himself  surrounded  but  refused  to  surrender.  He  shot 
one  man,  buy<victed  another,  was  knocked  down  with 
the  butend  of  a  musket,  was  helped  into  a  bomb-proof 


NINTH  REGIMENT.  419 

where  were  five  North  Carolinians,  all  of  whom  he  cap- 
tured  and  "brought  into  the  Union  lines  in  triumph. 
Captain  Hough,  who  commanded  the  regiment  was 
frightfully  wounded,  taken  prisoner,  but  was  subse 
quently  exchanged.  In  the  retreat  which  followed 
Lieut.  Sampson  was  killed,  Lieuts.  Green  and  Cheney 
were  wounded,  and  Lieut.  Drew  was  captured.  Besides 
these  the  regiment  lost  in  killed,  wounded  and  missing, 
ninety- two,  or  about  one-half  the  number  engaged. 

On  the  30th  of  September,  at  Poplar  Grove  Church, 
the  Ninth  Regiment  was  again  engaged,  but  from  the 
superior  force  of  the  enemy  was  obliged  to  retreat  to 
save  itself  from  capture — a  fate  which  all  did  not  escape. 
Lieuts.  Rice  and  Emery,  the  latter,  at  the  time,  on  Gen 
eral  Griffin's  staff,  were  killed,  Lieut.  Allen  was  wound 
ed,  and  Lieut.  Quimby  captured.  One  hundred  and 
twenty  enlisted  men  were  killed,  wounded  or  missing. 
The  color-bearer,  Corporal  Brown,  who  showed  signal 
bravery  at  the  battle  of  the  "  Mine,"  was  captured, 
though  not  till  he  had  stripped  the  colors  from  the  staff 
and  torn  them  into  shreds. 

The  regiment  rested  until  the  27th  of  October,  when 
it  participated  in  the  movement  on  Hatcher's  Run,  but 
were  riot  actively  engaged.  On  the  5th  of  November 
Colonel  Titus  returned  to  the  regiment ;  on  the  8th  the 
men  voted  for  President ;  on  the  24th  they  celebrated 
Thanksgiving,  a  bountiful  dinner  having  been  sent  them 
from  home ;  on  the  29th  the  Corps  was  moved  to  the 
Jerusalem  Plank  Road,  and  the  Ninth  was  stationed  in 
the  rear  of  Fort  Alexander  Hayes,  where  they  passed 
an  agreeable  winter.  During  the  winter  Colonel  Titus 
was  much  of  the  time  in  command  of  the  brigade,  and 
the  command  of  the  regiment  devolved  on  Captain 
Cooper. 

The  Ninth  took  no  active  part  in  the  battles  in  the 
month  of  April,  1865,  which  sealed  the  fate  of  the  Con- 


420  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

federacy,  being  a  part  of  the  force  left  to  hold  the  lines 
in  front  of  the  city  of  Petersburg,  while*  the  final  flank 
movement  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  being  made 
on  the  left.  The  Ninth,  with  two  other  regiments,  was 
detailed  on  the  6th  to  guard  E well's  army,  to  the  num 
ber  of  eight  thousand  men,  which  had  been  captured 
two  days  before.  The  regiment  embarked  for  Alexan 
dria,  which  place  it  reached  on  the  27th,  and  remained 
there  about  a  month.  It  participated  in  the  grand 
review  of  the  army  at  Washington  on  the  23d  of  May. 
All  the  recruits  of  the  Ninth  were  transferred  to  the 
Sixth  New  Hampshire  Regiment.  The  Ninth  was  mus 
tered  out  of  the  United"  States  service  on  the  10th  of 
June,  the  next  day  started  for  home,  and  on  the  14th 
Colonel  Titus  returned  the  colors  to  the  Governor  at  the 
State  House,  the  men  deposited  their  arms  at  the  mili 
tary  depot,  the  regiment  was  discharged  and  paid, 
leaving  an  imperishable  record  upon  the  roll  of  fame. 


TENTH  REGIMENT. 


TENTH  REGIMENT. 


The  Tenth  Regiment  was  raised  under  a  call  in  July, 
1862,  from  the  War  Department  for  three  hundred 
thousand  three  years  troops.  The  State  bounty  of  fifty 
dollars  was  continued  to  all  new  recruits,  and  towns,  to 
avoid  the  impending  draft,  voted  liberal  bounties  to 
their  citizens  who  would  enlist  and  be  counted  on  their 
respective  quotas.  Capt.  Michael  T.  Donohoe,  of  the 
Third  Regiment,  was  appointed  Colonel  and  John 
Coughlin,  of  Manchester,  was  commissioned  Lieut. 
Colonel.  Both  these  gentlemen,  with  other  officers 
appointed  for  the  regiment,  commenced  the  work  of 
enlisting  men,  about  the  middle  of  July.  These  gentle 
men  appealed  to  the  patriotism  of  the  people,  stating  the 
necessities  of  the  country  in  eloquent  terms,  and  called 
upon  their  fellow  countrymen  to  fill  the  ranks  of  the 
Tenth  Regiment  without  delay,  and  defend  the  flag  of 
their  adopted  country.  The  camp  was  established  at 
Manchester,  which  city  furnished  the  largest  part  of  six 
companies.  The  men  began  to  arrive  at  the  rendezvous 
on  the  20th  of  August,  and  on  the  5th  of  September  the 
organization  of  the  regiment  was  completed,  and  it  was 
mustered  into  the  United  States  service,  numbering 
nine  hundred  and  twenty-eight  officers  and  men.  The 
following  were  the  field,  staff  and  line  officers,  with  their 
official  record,  during  the  whole  term  of  service  of  the 
regiment : 

FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

COLONEL — Michael  T.  Donohoe,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  slightly  Sept,  29,  1864.  Discharged  for  disabilty  Jan.  18,  1865. 
discharge  revoked  by  Special  Orders  No.  100,  War  Department,  A.  G.  Office, 


422  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Feb.  28,  1865.  Appointed  BHgadier  General  U.  S.  V.,  by  brevet,  for  gallant 
conduct  in  the  field,  to  date  from  March  13,  1865.  Mustered  out  as  Colonel 
June  21,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonel — John  Coughlin,  of  Manchester. 

Appointed  Colonel  U.  S.  V.,  by  brevet,  for  gallant  conduct  in  the  field,  to 
date  from  April  9,  1865.  Mustered  out  as  Lieut.  Colonel  June  21,  1865. 

Majors — Jesse  F.  Angell,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  severely  May  13,^1864.  Discharged  on  account  of  wounds,  Oct. 
19,  1864. 

Timothy  B.  Growl  ey,' of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Adjutants — William  H.  D.  Cochrane,  of  Goffstown. 

Resigned  April  15,  1863 

Joseph  J.  Donohoe,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  severely  June  3,  1863.     Cashiered  April  28,  1865 

David  A.  Worthley,  of  Goffstown. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865 

Quartermasters — Thomas  Sullivan,  of  Nashua. 

Dismissed  Nov.  22,  1862. 

Foster  Kimhall,  of  Manchester. 

Discharged  for  disability  Nov.  26,  1864.  Discharge  revoked  by  Special 
Orders  No.  39,  War  Department,  A.  G.  Office,  Jan.  25,  1865.  Mustered  out 
June  21,  1865. 

Surgeons — John  Ferguson,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Aug.  15,  1863. 

Horatio  N".  Small. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Assistant  Surgeons — Henry  J.  Harwood,  of  Salem. 

Died  of  disease,  at  Suffolk,  Va.,  March  17,  1863. 

Thomas  R.  Clement,  of  Mason. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept.  17,  1864. 

John  Haynes,  of  Londonderry. 

Resigned  July  30,  1863. 

William  K  Wilkins,  of  Bedford. 

Resigned  July  21,  1864. 

Albert  Plummer,  of  Auburn. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Sergeant  Majors — Ichabod  S.  Bartlett,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Nov.  24,  1862. 

Frank  H.  Swett,  of  Andover. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Dec.  1,  1868. 

David  A.  Worthley,  of  Goffstown. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  20,  1864. 

B.  Stowe  Laskey,  of  Portsmouth. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 


TENTH  REGIMENT.  423 

Quartermaster  Sergeants — Myles  McSweeney. 

Appointed  Hospital  Steward  Nov.  10,  1862. 

Alfred  G.  Simons,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Jan.  20,  1864 

James  B.  T.  Baker  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865 

Commissary  Sergeants — Richard  TI.  Short. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  March  23,  1863 

James  McLaughlin. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Hospital  Stewards — Timothy  Cahill. 

Discharged  for  disability  Nov.  10,  1862. 

Myles  McSweeney. 

Discharged  at  Lady's  Home  Hospital,  New  York,  Nov.  29,  1864. 

Albert  Plummer,  of  Auburn. 

Promoted  to  Ass't  Surgeon  Jan.  4,  1865. 

George  11.  Aiken. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Principal  Musicians — J.  W.  Batchelder,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

George  H.  Minard. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 
COMPANY   OFFICERS. 

Co.  A. — Captains — John  M.  Caswell,  of  Manchester. 

Killed  at  Chapin's  Farm,  Va.,  Sept.  30,  1864. 

Lawrence  F.  Larkin,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Thos.  C.  Trumbull,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan  12,  1863. 

Andrew  W.  Doe,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  severely  May  12,  1864.     Killed  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  Aug.  22, 
1864. 

David  A.  "Worthley,  of  Goffstown. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  May  19,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Alonzo  L.  Day,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Co.  D. 

John  A.  Eaton,  of  Bedford. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  1,  1864. 

Isaac  C.  Richardson,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  23,  1865. 

Co.  B. — Captain — Timothy  B.  Crowley,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  severely  Oct.  27,  1864.     Promoted  to  Major  Nov.  23,  1864. 


424  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

First  Lieuts. — George  Edgcomh,  of  Nashua. 

Transferred  to  Co.  C,  Jan.  1 0^1863.     Resigned  Aug.  6,  1863. 

Michael  Moran,  of  Nashua. 

Resigned  May  13,  1863. 

Michael  F.  Corcoran,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Co.  F.     Promoted  to  Captain  July  13,  1864. 

John  B.  Sargent,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  15,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Michael  Moran,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  10,  1863. 

Richard  II.  Short. 

Dismissed  Jan.  14,  1864. 

John  B.  Sargent,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  13,  1864. 

£J0.  C. — Captains — Cornelius  W.  Strain,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept.  19,  1864. 

George  H.  L.  Head,  of  Hooksett. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — James  "Welch,  of  Raymond. 

Resigned  Jan.  19,  1863. 

John  C.  Keenan,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  13,  1863. 

Henry  H.  Emerson,  of  Dover. 

Killed  at  Fair  Oaks,  Va.,  Oct.  27,  1864. 

George  W.  Littlefield,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — M.  T.  H.  Maguire,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Co.  K,  Jan.  19,  1863. 

Andrew  "W.  Doe,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  3,  1863. 

Cornelius  Donohoe,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Co.  F. 

Henry  H.  Emerson,  of  Dover. 

Transferred  to   Co.  H.     Wounded  slightly  May  13,  1864.     Promoted  to 
First  Lieut.  July  13,  1864. 

William  H.  H.  Black. 

Killed  at  Chapin's  Farm,  Va.,  Sept.  29,  1864. 

Co.  D.  Captains — "Warren  M.  Kelley,  of  Hooksett. 

Mustered  out  June  21, 1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Charles  Johnson,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  July  29,  1863. 

John  A.  Eaton,  of  Bradford. 

Wounded  May  9,  1864.     Died  of  wounds  May  27,  1864. 


TENTH  REGIMENT.  425 

Frank  H.  Swett,  of  Andover. 

Honorably  discharged  Oct.  29,  1864. 

Second  Lieuts. — Chas.  H.  Gardner,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  18,  1863. 

James  A.  Sanborn,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  4,  1863. 

Daniel  "W.  Russell,  of  Nashua, 

Killed  in  action  June  2,  1864. 

Co.  E. — Captains — Aldrich  B.  Cook,  of  Andover. 

Resigned  Jan.  9,  1863 

Thomas  C.  Trumbull,  of  Manchester. 

Dismissed  March  30,  1864. 

James  A.  Sanborn,  of  Portsmouth. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts.— Wm.  H.  D.  Cochrane,  of  Goffstown. 

Appointed  Adjutant  Jan  1,  1863. 

Charlton  W.  Wooclbury,  of  Wilmot. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  11,  1863. 

James  A.  Sanborn,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  23,  1864. 

Samuel  L.  Mitchell. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts.— C.  W.  Woodbury,  of  TVilmot. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  11,  1863. 

George  A.  Chase,  of  Andover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  9,  1863. 

Samuel  L.  Mitchell. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 
Co.  F. — Captains — John  L.  O'Brien,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  slightly  June  3,  1864.     Dismissed  Feb.  9,  1865 

George  "W.  Chase,  of  Andover. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — John  Faxon,  of  Walpole. 

Honorably  discharged  July  3,  1864. 

Gilbert  A.  Tucker,  of  Andover. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  C.  Keen  an,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  20,  1863. 

Cornelius  Donohoe,  of  Manchester. 

Dismissed  Nov.  23,  1863. 

Frank  H.  Swett,  of  Andover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  13,  1864 


426  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

John  P.  O'Brien. 

Not  mustered.     Captured  at  Fair  Oaks,  Va.,  Oct.  27,  1864.     Paroled.   Pro 
moted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  23,  1864. 

n0   G-.— Captains— George  W.  Towle,  of  Portsmouth. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865 

First  Lieuts. — Geo.  E.  Hodgdon,  of  Portsmouth. 

Resigned  Feb.  14,  1863 

Simon  R.  Marston,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Paymaster  U.  S.  Army,  April  3,  1863. 

George  H.  L.  Head,  of  Hooksett. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  23,  1864. 

Second  Lieuts. — S.  R.  Marston,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  15,  1864. 

Alonzo  L.  Day,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  April  21,  1864. 

Charles  H.  Hoyt. 

Wounded  May  14,  1864.     Died  of  wounds  June  27,  1864. 

Co  H —Captains— George  H.  Hubhard,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  June  9,  1863. 

Patrick  Doyle,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  severely  October  27,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Foster  Kimball,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Quartermaster  Nov.  22,  1862. 

Charles  H.  Gardner,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  March  17,  1863. 

George  W.  Chase,  of  Andover. 

Transferred  to  Co.  K.     Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  9,  1865. 

Morris  Mathon,  of  Hooksett. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  Hubbard,  of  New  Ipswich. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  24,  1862. 

Ichabod  S.  Bartlett,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Jan.  1,  1863. 

Alfred  G.  Simons,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  1,  1865. 

Co.  I.— Captains— Darius  G.  Ilarriman,  of  Farmington. 

Dishonorably  discharged  Jan.  16,  1863. 

John  Hubbard  of  New  Ipswich. 

Dishonorably  discharged  May  20,  1864. 

Michael  F.  Corcoran,  of  Manchester. 

Captured  at  Fair  Oaks,  Va.,  Oct.  27,  1864.     Exchanged.     Mustered  out 
June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Richard  Cody,  of  Dover. 

Resigned  Nov.  15,  1862. 


TENTH  REGIMENT.  427 

John  Hubbard,  of  New  Ipswich. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  17,  18G3. 

James  Knott,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  17,  1863.     Killed  at  Cold  Harbor,  Va.,  June 
3,  1864. 

William  P.  Williams,  of  Concord. 

Commission  revoked.    Dismissed  for  desertion  as  Second  Lieut.  Aug.  3, 1864. 

Second  Lieuts. — James  Knott,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  17,  1863. 

William  P.  Williams,  of  Concord. 

Wounded  slightly  July  3,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  13,  1864. 

Co.  K. — Captains — James  Madden,  of  Manchester. 

Killed  in  action  June  16,  1864. 

John  Keenan,  of  Concord. 

Captured  at  Fair  Oaks,  Va.,  Oct.  27,  1864.     Exchanged.     Mustered  out 
June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Patrick  Doyle,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  June  9,  1863. 

Michael  T.  H.  Maguire,  of  Manchester. 

Transferred  to  Co.  G.     Dismissed  Jan.  5,  1864. 

Lawrence  F.  Larkin,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  severely  May  9,  1864.     Wounded  severely  Oct.  27,  1864.     Pro 
moted  to  Captain  Nov.  23,  1864. 

Isaac  C.  Richardson,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieut. — L.  F.  Larkin  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  10,  1864. 


GENERAL  MICHAEL   T.  DONOHOE. 

General  Donohoe  was  born  at  Lowell,  Mass.,  Nov.  22, 
1838.  He  was  educated  at  the  Lowell  schools  and  at 
the  College  of  the  Holy  Cross,  Worcester,  Mass.  At 
the  outbreak  of  the  rebellion  he  was  engaged  in  business 
at  Manchester,  where  he  had  great  influence  with  the 
Irish  population.  When  the  Third  Regiment  was  called 
for  he  enlisted  a  full  company,  and  went  with  it  to  Con 
cord,  early  in  August,  1861.  This  company  w^as  lettered 
C,  and  he  was  commissioned  Captain  of  it.  He  went 
with  the  regiment  to  the  field,  and  participated  in  nearly 
all  its  marches  and  battles,  showing  much  true  patri 
otism  and  valor  on  all  occasions,  and  was  often  com 
mended  for  his  conduct  as  an  officer. 


428  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

"WTien  in  the  summer  of  1862  three  htmdred  thousand 
troops  were  called  for  by  the  President,  to  meet  the 
emergency  in  which  the  country  was  placed  by  the 
defeats  of  the  Union  army,  it  was  determined  by  the 
Governor  and  Council  to  raise  an  Irish  regiment  in  this 
State,  and  it  was  designated  the  Tenth  Infantry.  Cap 
tain  Donohoe,  who  had  distinguished  himself  as  an 
officer  in  the  Third  Regiment,  was  offered  the  command 
of  the  Tenth,  and  signified  his  willingness  to  accept 
the  responsible  position.  He  was  commissioned  Colonel 
on  the  6th  of  August,  1862,  and  soon  came  home  and 
assumed  the  duties.  Colonel  Donohoe,  Lieut.  Colonel 
Coughlin,  also  of  Manchester,  and  others  who  had  been 
commissioned  in  the  Tenth  Regiment,  addressed  meet 
ings  of  citizens  in  that  city  and  other  places,  appealing 
especially  to  their  fellow  countrymen,  and  very  soon 
secured  the  requisite  number  of  men  —  Manchester 
furnishing  the  larger  part  of  six  companies.  The  regi 
ment  was  fully  organized,  mustered  into  the  United 
States  service,  and  left  the  State  for  the  seat  of  war  in 
September — but  little  more  than  a  month  after  Colonel 
Donohoe  received  his  commission.  He  went  with  his 
regiment  to  the  field,  and  its  history,  with  that  of  the 
Third,  go  far  toward  making  up  Colonel  Donohoe's 
personal  military  record. 

In  the  summer  of  1863,  and  during  much  of  the 
time  afterward,  until  the  close  of  the  war,  Colonel 
Donohoe  was  in  command  of  his  brigade.  He  was 
wounded  severely  on  the  29th  of  September,  1864,  when 
in  command  of  the  skirmish  line  in  the  assault  on  Fort 
Harrison.  Early  in  the  day  his  horse  was  shot  under 
him.  He  showed  great  coolness  and  bravery  until 
wounded  late  in  the  day.  He  was  appointed  Brigadier 
General  United  States  Volunteers,  by  brevet,  for  gallant 
conduct  in  the  field,  to  date  from  March  13,  1865.  His 
regiment  was  among  the  first  to  enter  the  city  of  Rich- 


TENTH  REGIMENT.  429 

mond,  on  the  3d  of  April,  1865.  Three  months  and  a 
half  afterward  the  Tenth,  Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  ^ew 
Hampshire  Regiments  were  mustered  out  of  the  service, 
formed  a  brigade,  and  came  home  under  command  of 
Brevet  Brigadier  General  Donohoe. 

Soon  after  the  close  of  the  war  General  Donohoe  was 
appointed  to  a  responsible  position  on  the  Concord  Rail 
road.  In  1869  he  was  nominated  by  the  Democratic 
party  as  their  candidate  for  one  of  the  board  of  Railroad 
Commissioners,  and  was  re-nominated  in  1870.  He  is  a 
gentleman  of  ability  and  influence,  and  enjoys  the 
respect  of  a  large  circle  of  acquaintances. 

The  Tenth  Regiment  left  camp  at  Manchester  on  the 
22d  of  September,  1862,  and  after  a  journey  interspersed 
with  pleasurable  incidents  and  painful  accidents,  arrived 
at  Washington  on  the  25th.  At  Worcester,  Mass.,  the 
citizens  gave  the  regiment  a  bountiful  collation,  and  at 
Philadelphia  they  met  with  an  enthusiastic  reception 
and  partook  of  a  nice  supper  at  the  famous  and  never  to 
be  forgotten  Cooper  Refreshment  Saloon.  Between 
Philadelphia  and  Baltimore  one  of  the  cars  ran  off  the 
track  and  private  John  Cole,  of  Company  K,  was  thrown 
from  the  train  and  killed.  Between  Baltimore  and 
Washington  the  train  on  which  the  Tenth  was  embarked 
collided  with  another  train  from  Washington,  crushing 
several  of  the  cars  and  injuring  a  number  of  the  men — 
some  fatally.  The  engineer  of  the  colliding  train  was 
suspected  of  having  been  the  wanton  cause  of  the  dis 
aster,  which  enraged  the  soldiers,  who  were  with  diffi 
culty  restrained  from  shooting  him  on  the  spot.  He 
was  finally  sent  to  Baltimore  under  arrest. 

On  the  30th  of  September  the  regiment  embarked  on 
cars  and  proceeded  to  Frederick  City,  Md.,  where  it 
remained  until  the  4th  of  October,  When  it  moved  to 
Sandy  Hook,  opposite  Harper's  Ferry,  and  went  into 


430  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

camp  on  Maryland  Heights.  Two  dajTs  afterward  the 
regiment  moved  over  the  mountains  into  Pleasant 
Valley,  and  was  incorporated  into  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac.  It  was  assigned  to  the  First  Brigade,  Third 
Division,  Ninth  Corps,  the  other  regiments  in  the  bri 
gade  being  the  Ninth,  Eighty-ninth,  and  Hundred  and 
Third  New  York. 

The  last  of  October  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  moved. 
The  Ninth  Corps  crossed  the  mountains,  through  Knox- 
ville,  and  thence  to  Wheatland  and  Gaskin's  Mills, 
where  a  halt  of  about  a  week  was  made.  On  the  15th 
the  march  was  again  resumed,  and  while  a  part  of  the 
Ninth  Corps  was  crossing  the  north  fork  of  the  Rappa- 
hannock  the  rebel  General  Early  made  an  attempt  to 
cut  off  one  of  the  wagon  trains,  when  a  short  artillery 
engagement  ensued,  during  which  the  Tenth  was  placed 
in  support  of  one  of  the  batteries.  This  was  its  first 
experience  under  fire.  The  corps  passed  Warrenton 
Junction,  Bealton,  Elk  Run,  Hartwood  Church,  arriving 
at  Falmouth  on  the  19th,  where  the  regiment  passed  a 
most  uncomfortable  night  in  the  mud  and  water,  which 
did  not  admit  of  laying  down  or  sleeping. 

The  Tenth  participated  in  the  disastrous  battle  of 
Fredericksburg.  At  daylight  on  the  morning  of  the 
13th  of  December,  Colonel  Donohoe  was  ordered  to 
take  his  regiment  to  the  front,  where  it  relieved  Haw- 
kins'  Zouaves,  then  on  picket.  Five  companies  were 
thrown  forward  as  skirmishers,  under  cover  of  a  dense 
fog,  which  concealed  their  movements.  At  about  eight 
o'clock  this  cleared  away  before  the  rising  sun,  and 
revealed  the  close  proximity  of  the  men  of  the  two  con 
tending  armies.  The  rebels  opened  with  a  hot  musketry 
fire,  to  which  the  Tenth  promptly  replied.  This  opened 
the  ball  between  the  infantry  on  that  part  of  the  line. 
The  remaining  five  companies  were  brought  up  as  a 
support,  and  the  line  was  ordered  forward.  The  rebel 


TENTH  REGIMENT.  431 

skirmishers  withdrew  and  the  Tenth  occupied  the  rail 
road.  About  this  time  the  main  attacking  column 
issued  from  the  city  and  advanced  to  the  assault  of 
Marye's  Heights,  when  commenced  a  most  terrific 
battle,  the  details  of  which  are  given  in  connection 
with  other  regiments.  During  the  battle  the  Tenth 
bravely  held  its  position,  preventing  the  enemy  from 
bringing  down  his  light  batteries  on  the  flank  and 
enfilading  the  assaulting  lines.  Just  before  dark  the 
remainder  of  the  brigade,  which  had  thus  far  been  held 
in  reserve,  near  the  river,  was  brought  up,  and  with  the 
Tenth,  ordered  in  to  make  a  last  charge  against  that 
position  where  the  regiment  had  all  day  long  witnessed 
the  slaughter  of  men  who  had  been  sacrificed  in  the 
futile  attemps  to  carry  it.  The  Kinth  New  York,  whose 
position  was  on  the  right  of  the  line,  failed  to  come  up, 
and  to  the  Tenth  ISTew  Hampshire  fell  that  place.  Before 
the  line  was  fairly  ready  for  the  assault,  darkness  began 
to  cover  the  field,  and  amid  the  deepening  gloom,  ren 
dered  still  deeper  by  the  smoke  of  battle  which  lowered 
over  the  scene,  the  brigade  moved  across  the  plain  in 
good  order,  and  the  Tenth  entered  with  spirit  upon  its 
first  battle  and  first  charge.  Moving  in  quick  time 
until  they  began  to  draw  the  fire  of  the  enemy's  bat 
teries,  they  then  sprang  forward  at  a  double  quick, 
cheering  as  they  went.  They  struggled  over  fences, 
through  a  deep  ditch,  and  coming  upon  the  solid 
ground  beyond,  were  met  by  the  fierce  discharge  of 
thousands  of  rifles,  and  the  bullets  whistled  over  their 
heads  and  through  their  ranks,  while  the  batteries 
increased  their  fire  of  grape  and  canister.  On  they 
went  until  in  the  gathering  darkness  the  rebel  muskets 
seemed  to  flash  in  their  very  faces.  Regiments  mingled 
together  in  confusion,  and,  unable  to  see  or  hear,  the 
line  became  broken  and  disorganized,  and  they  were 
forced  to  retire.  A  short  distance  to  the  rear  the  Tenth 


432  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  Thirteenth  New  Hampshire  were  re-formed,  but 
the  attack  was  not  renewed,  and  the  battle  of  Fred- 
ericksburg  ended  with  a  rebel  victory.  The  dead  of 
the  New  Hampshire  regiments  were  found  nearer  the 
rebel  lines  than  any  other  of  the  army.  So  uncertain 
was  the  aim  of  the  rebels,  that  under  all  this  terrible 
fire,  both  of  musketry  and  artillery,  the  loss  of  the 
Tenth  was  only  three  officers  wounded,  and  fifty  enlist 
ed  men  killed  and  wounded. 

During  the  months  of  January  and  February,  1863, 
the  health  of  the  regiment  was  exceedingly  bad,  and  for 
a  long  time  there  was  an  average  of  more  than  one 
death  per  day.  On  the  5th  of  February  Colonel  Dono- 
hoe  started  for  home  on  a  leave  of  absence,  and  the 
command  of  the  regiment  devolved  on  Lieut.  Colonel 
Coughlin.  On  the  9th  the  Ninth  Corps  embarked  and 
proceeded  to  Newport  News.  Company  H  was  detailed 
as  guard  to  the  headquarters  of  General  W.  F.  Smith, 
who  was  at  that  time  in  command  of  the  corps.  On  the 
25th  a  grand  review  was  held  by  Major  General  Dix, 
then  in  command  of  the  Department,  in  which  the 
Tenth  was  conspicuous  for  its  fine  appearance  and 
correct  marching. 

On  the  14th  of  March  the  Tenth  sailed  for  Norfolk, 
and  from  there  proceeded  by  rail  to  Suffolk,  to  reinforce 
the  troops  there  who  were  threatened  with  an  attack 
from  the  enemy.  Three  days  after  arrival  Assistant 
Surgeon  Hanvood  died,  after  a  sudden  illness.  He  was 
very  much  respected  and  beloved  by  tlie  men,  and  his 
death  was  felt  to  be  a  calamity  to  the  regiment.  Colo 
nel  Donohoe  returned  and  assumed  command.  On  the 
16th  of  April  the  Tenth,  with  three  companies  of  the 
Thirteenth  and  a  section  of  the  Second  Wisconsin  Bat 
tery,  the  whole  force  commanded  by  Colonel  Donohoe, 
proceeded  down  the  river  to  Fort  Connecticut.  At 
night  Colonel  Donohoe,  with  a  hundred  and  fifty  men, 


TENTH  REGIMENT.  433 

made  a  reconnoissance  across  the  river,  which  developed 
the  enemy  in  heavy  force.  On  the  19th  all  the  compa 
nies  not  engaged  on  other  duty,  commanded  by  Captain 
George  W.  Towle,  marched  to  Council's  Landing  on  the 
Nansernond,  and  joined  an  expedition  under  Colonel 
Ward,  of  the  Eighth  Connecticut.  The  force  crossed 
the  river  and  captured  a  battery  of  light  guns,  two  brass 
howitzers,  and  about  two  hundred  prisoners.  The  next 
morning  a  portion  of  the  Tenth  advanced  and  dislodged 
some  rebel  sharpshooters  from  a  cluster  of  buildings, 
burned  the  houses,  and  captured  two  prisoners.  The 
place  was  evacuated  the  same  afternoon,  the  retreat 
being  covered  by  the  Tenth,  which  lost  several  men 
captured.  The  expedition,  having  captured  the  guns 
and  foiled  the  plans  of  the  enemy,  was  considered  a 
success.  The  siege  of  Suffolk  continued  about  four 
weeks,  and  was  a  period  of  extremely  hard  work  to  the 
troops  engaged;  and  when  it  was  raised  the  entire 
army  at  that  place  was  nearly  worn  out  by  the  severity 
of  its  labors. 

On  the  3d  of  May  the  rebels  retreated  across  the 
Blackwater,  closely  followed  by  the  Union  forces,  who 
captured  many  prisoners.  A  week  later  the  Tenth  and 
Thirteenth  Regiments  were  again  brought  together  in 
the  same  brigade.  On  the  13th  the  Tenth  moved  to 
Bowers'  Hill,  eight  miles,  in  the  direction  of  Portsmouth, 
and  was  soon  followed  by  all  the  troops,  and  Suffolk 
was  abandoned.  •  The  division  was  under  command  of 
General  Getty  and  marched  to  Portsmouth,  from 
whence  it  embarked  for  Yorktown,  where  it  remained 
until  the  26th  of  June,  when  the  Tenth  embarked  and 
sailed  for  White  House  Landing,  on  the  Pamunkey, 
where  it  arrived  on  the  evening  of  the  same  day. 

On  the  7th  of  July,  Colonel  Donohoe,  who  had  been 
in  command  of  the  brigade  for  some  weeks,  was  relieved 

O 

by  the  return  of  Colonel  Dutton,  of  the  Twenty-first 


434  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Connecticut,  the  ranking  Colonel,  and  the  former  was 
sent  sick  to  Norfolk.  On  the  10th  the  division  marched 
through  Williamsburg,  and  arrived  at  Yorktown  on 
the  afternoon  of  the  same  day,  where  it  rested  until 
the  12th,  when  it  marched  to  Hampton  and  embarked 
for  Portsmouth,  which  place  it  had  left  twenty-one  days 
before,  and  the  Tenth  found  their  tents  still  standing 
and  the  camp  undisturbed.  Their  marches  during  this 
time  had  some  of  them  been  very  severe,  and  the 
weather  had  been  so  hot  that  some  of  the  men  were 
sun-struck. 

About  the  middle  of  July  General  John  G.  Foster, 
a  native  of  New  Hampshire,  assumed  command  of  the 
Department.  On  the  30th  the  camp  was  removed  to 
Julian's  creek — a  tributary  of  the  Elizabeth,  where 
work  on  the  fortifications  was  vigorously  pressed  for 
ward.  In  September  General  Nagle  assumed  command 
of  the  District,  reviewed  the  Tenth  Regiment  and  gave 
them  much  credit  for  good  appearance  and  proficiency 
in  drill.  On  the  21st  of  this  month  and  on  the  4th  of 
October,  three  hundred  and  thirty-five  recruits  joined  the 
regiment,  nearly  all  of  whom  were  substitutes.  The 
work  on  the  defenses  was  completed  in  November,  and 
the  winter  was  spent  in  perfecting  the  regiment  in  drill. 

On  the  19th  of  March,  1864,  the  Tenth  Regiment 
left  its  camp  at  Julian's  creek  and  moved  to  Great 
Bridge,  about  fifteen  miles ;  and  on  the  19th  of  April 
moved  from  there  and  joined  General  Butler's  forces 
at  Yorktown,  which  was  preparing  for  an  advance  up 
the  James  river.  The  regiment  was  assigned  to  the 
Second  Brigade,  First  Division  of  the  Eighteenth 
Corps — the  other  regiments  in  the  brigade  being  the 
One  Hundred  and  Eighteenth  New  York,  Eighth  Con 
necticut,  and  Thirteenth  New  Hampshire.  The  division 
was  commanded  by  General  W.  II.  F.  Brooks,  and  the 
brigade  by  General  Hiram  Burnham. 


TENTH  REGIMENT.  435 

On  the  5th  of  May,  just  as  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
had  left  the  Rapidan,  and  was  fighting  its  way  through 
the  Wilderness,  the  army  under  General  Butler  started. 
The  Tenth  and  Thirteenth  New  Hampshire  embarked 
on  board  steamers  and  proceeded  to  Bermuda  Hundred, 
where  they  arrived  the  same  evening.  The  next  day  the 
troops  advanced  toward  the  Walthal  Railroad,  the  Tenth 
heading  the  column  of  infantry.  They  had  not  pro 
ceeded  far  before  the  cavalry,  who  were  in  advance, 
received  a  volley  from  the  rebel  infantry,  posted  in  a 
dense  swamp,  which  caused  them  to  fall  back  in  some 
confusion.  Heavy  skirmishing  ensued,  the  enemy  re 
tiring  slowly  beyond  the  railroad.  The  Tenth  kept 
up  skirmishing  in  front,  while  a  force  was  sent  around 
to  the  right  and  succeeded,  after  considerable  fighting, 
in  gaining  possession  of  the  railroad.  The  regiment 
was  under  fire  all  day,  and  lost  several  men  wounded. 

On  the  9th  another  advance  was  made.  The  enemy 
was  encountered  at  Arrow  Hill  and  forced  to  retire 
near  Swift  creek.  The  enemy  made  an  attack  upon 
the  Union  forces  after  dark,  but  were  met  with  such 
spirit  as  caused  them  to  make  a  hasty  and  disorderly 
retreat.  In  this  attack  Lieut.  John  C.  Eaton  was  mor 
tally,  and  Lieut.  L.  F.  Larkin  severely  wounded.  A 
few  enlisted  men  were  more  or  less  wounded.  Lieut. 
Eaton  was  wounded  in  the  leg.  He  refused  to  submit 
to  amputation,  and  died  of  the  wound.  The  next  day 
the  regiment  tore  up  the  railroad  and  bent  the  rails, 
and  then  returned  to  camp.  On  the  13th  the  Tenth 
was  again  engaged  at  a  place  called  the  Half  Way 
House,  on  the  Richmond  and  Petersburg  turnpike. 
Major  Angell  was  placed  in  command  of  the  skirmish 
line,  and  while  pushing  the  skirmishers  forward,  at 
about  eleven  o'clock  at  night,  he  was  dangerously 
wounded.  Lieut.  H.  J.  Emerson  and  several  enlisted 
men  were  wounded  at  the  same  time.  In  the  morning 


436  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

a  charge  was  made  along  the  whole  line  upon  the  rebel 
works,  from  which  the  enemy  retreated.  Sergeant 
Charles  II.  Hoyt,  of  Company  C,  who  had  been  com 
missioned,  though  his  commission  had  not  reached  the 
regiment,  was  mortally  wounded,  and  died  in  field 
hospital. 

On  the  morning  of  the  16th,  under  cover  of  a  dense 
fog,  the  enemy  made  a  desperate  attack  upon  the  right  of 
the  Eighteenth  Corps,  which  position  was  held  by  Gen 
eral  Heckman's  brigade,  taking  it  entirely  by  surprise 
and  capturing  many  prisoners,  among  whom  was  Gen 
eral  Heckman  himself.  The  rebels  turned  the  flank 
of  the  corps,  and  swept  every  thing  before  them.  When 
the  enemy  arrived  within  easy  range,  a  well-directed 
volley  was  opened  on  them,  which  was  rapidly  followed 
up  by  continued  streams  of  fire,  mowing  the  rebels 
down  by  scores,  until  at  last,  with  lines  utterly  broken 
up,  they  retired.  They  repeatedly  renewed  the  attack, 
but  were  as  often  repulsed  with  terrible  slaughter.  They 
made  charge  after  charge  upon  that  portion  of  the  line 
held  by  the  Tenth  and  Thirteenth  New  Hampshire  regi 
ments,  but  were  each  time  driven  back  with  heavy  loss. 
A  battery  was  finally  brought  up  and  an  attempt  made 
to  shell  them  out,  but  it  had  fired  hardly  a  dozen  shots 
before  the  gunners  were  disabled  by  the  New  Hampshire 
boys,  and  the  guns  were  silenced.  Orders  were  sent 
to  Lieut.  Colonel  Coughlin,  commanding  the  Tenth, 
to  withdraw  his  regiment.  He  replied  that  a  brigade 
further  to  the  left,  in  the  woods,  was  in  danger  of  being 
cut  off,  and  asked  permission  to  hold  his  position  until 
it  could  be  extricated,  which  was  granted.  Lieut.  Colo 
nel  Coughlin  held  the  works  for  two  hours,  while  the 
brigade  in  the  woods  was  notified  of  their  danger  and 
marched  out  to  the  rear.  The  Tenth  was  retiring  and 
was  closely  pressed  by  the  enemy,  when  some  of  the 
men  showed  greater  haste  than  was  agreeable  to  the 


TENTH  REGIMENT.  437 

commanding  officer,  and  he  peremptorily  ordered  a 
halt,  about-faced  his  command,  carefully  right-dressed 
it,  and  coolly  gave  the  order  to  fix  bayonets.  In 
their  surprise  the  rebels  forgot  to  fire,  and  the  com 
mand  was  quickly  about-faced  again,  and  double-quicked 
to  the  cover  of  the  woods,  before  the  enemy  recovered 
sufficiently  from  his  surprise  to  renew  his  fire.  The 
Tenth  rejoined  its  brigade  and  the  whole  force  retired 
to  Bermuda  Hundred,  three  companies  of  the  Tenth 
and  one  company  from  the  Thirteenth  holding  the  ene 
my  in  check  during  the  retreat.  The  casualties  in  this 
affair,  which  is  known  as  the  battle  of  Drury's  Bluff, 
were  slight,  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  regiment  fought 
mostly  under  cover.  The  losses  in  the  whole  move 
ment  were  about  fifty  men  killed  and  wounded. 

General  Butler's  army  now  took  up  its  position  on 
the  line  of  the  intrenchments  extending  from  the  James 
to  the  Appomattox,  in  front  of  and  nearly  parallel  with 
which  was  the  rebel  line.  Each  line  was  constantly 
exposed  to  the  fire  of  the  other,  and  there  were  fre 
quent  alarms  along  the  picket  line.  On  the  26th  of 
May  a  reconnoissance  in  force  was  made  beyond  Port 
Wai  thai,  the  Tenth  forming  a  part  of  the  support. 
Colonel  Dutton,  of  the  Twenty-first  Connecticut,  who 
commanded  the  brigade,  was  killed  on  the  skirmish  line. 
On  the  31st  of  May  the  corps  joined  General  Grant's 
army,  which  was  face  to  face  with  the  enemy  at  Cold 
Harbor.  On  the  1st  of  June  the  Tenth,  though  under 
fire  and  with  the  division  charging  the  enemy,  and 
driving  them  into  their  works,  lost  but  one  man 
killed  and  one  wounded.  Just  before  daylight  the 
division  moved  near  the  enemy's  works,  and  with  plates, 
dippers  and  bayonets,  the  men  dug  for  their  protection 
a  series  of  shallow  rifle-pits,  which  were  afterward  made 
into  a  substantial  line  of  works.  When  the  rebels 
discovered  this  operation  they  opened  fire,  and  many 


438  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

of  the  men  were  wounded.  Lieut.  Daniel  "W".  Russell 
was  shot  through  the  head  and  instantly  killed.  He 
was  a  brave  officer,  and  his  loss  was  deeply  mourned 
by  the  regiment. 

On  the  3d  of  June  occurred  the  sanguinary  battle  of 
Cold  Harbor.  The  Tenth  regiment  was  early  and  hotly 
engaged.  It  met  the  enemy's  skirmishers  and  drove 
them  at  a  double  quick  back  to  their  rifle  pits,  and 
developing  a  line  of  heavy  works  nearly  parallel  to  that 
occupied  by  the  Union  forces.  With  a  spirited  cheer  they 
rushed  on,  met  by  the  most  fearful  fire  of  artillery  and 
musketry  they  had  ever  encountered.  In  less  than  five 
minutes  ninety  officers  and  men  of  the  regiment  had 
fallen ;  yet  the  line  pressed  on,  driving  the  rebels 
through  their  first  line,  and  into  a  second.  Taking 
position  in  the  line  abandoned  by  the  enemy,  the  regi 
ment  at  once  opened  fire,  and  held  their  place  during 
the  day.  A  correspondent,  describing  the  battle  wrote : 
"Troops  never  stood  under  a  more  hellish  fire  than  was 
poured  upon  the  Tenth  New  Hampshire  on  this  day. 
Half  of  the  trees  were  cut  down  by  shells,  and,  falling 
upon  the  dead  and  wounded,  mangled  their  bodies  in  a 
horrid  manner.  The  bark  was  peeled  from  the  trees  by 
bullets,  and  saplings,  a  few  inches  in  diameter,  by  actual 
count,  bore  the  marks  of  from  fifty  to  a  hundred  bullets 
each.  The  bodies  of  the  dead  were  used  for  breast 
works,  arid  whole  platoons  were  swept  away  by  the 
awful  fire  of  grape  and  canister.  Imagination  stands 
appalled  in  the  endeavor  to  paint  the  horrors  of  that 
day."  Lieut,  James  Knott,  of  Company  I,  was  killed, 
and  Captain  John  L.  O'Brien,  Adjutant  J.  J.  Donohoe, 
and  Lieut.  William  P.  Williams  were  wounded. 

The  regiment  remained  at  the  front,  at  Cold  Harbor, 
until  the  12th  of  June,  losing  men  killed  and  wounded 
every  day,  when,  with  its  corps  it  marched  to  White 
House,  and  next  day  embarked  on  transports  for  Ber- 


TENTH  REGIMENT.  439 

muda  Hundred,  and  thence  crossed  the  Appomattox  and 
marched  toward  Petersburg.  They  encountered  the 
enemy  and  drove  them  within  a  line  of  works  which 
was  gallantly  charged  and  carried  by  the  negro  troops, 
and  the  rebels  retired  to  their  main  line  of  defenses  at 
Petersburg.  In  the  afternoon  the  artillery  opened  upon 
the  works  a  terrific  fire,  which  was  kept  up  about 
twenty  minutes,  when  the  assaulting  column  advanced, 
the  Second  Brigade  being  opposite  Battery  No.  5,  as  it 
was  numbered  by  the  rebels — the  Thirteenth  New  Hamp 
shire  deployed  as  skirmishers.  With  the  utmost  gal 
lantry  the  skirmish  line  charged  on  the  enemy's  rifle- 
pits,  and  in  an  instant  more  were  scaling  the  ramparts 
of  the  fort,  and  captured  nearly  every  man  and  all  the 
guns  in  it.  The  rebels  who  escaped  retired  toward 
Petersburg,  the  whole  line  falling  into  the  hands  of  the 
Union  forces. 

On  the  16th,  three  companies  of  the  Tenth  were 
ordered  to  dislodge  the  rebels,  who,  during  the  night, 
had  occupied  a  ravine  near  the  captured  works.  The 
enemy  opened  a  galling  fire,  and  Captain  James  Madden, 
commanding  the  line,  was  killed  with  a  bullet  through 
the  heart.  He  was  a  brave  and  noble  officer,  beloved  and 
lamented  by  all.  The  ravine  was  carried  by  a  furious 
charge,  and  many  prisoners  captured.  The  three  com 
panies  took  fifty-four  men  into  the  fight,  nine  of  whom 
were  killed  or  wounded.  The  prisoners  captured  con 
siderably  outnumbered  the  captors.  The  Eighteenth 
Corps  returned  to  the  defenses  of  Bermuda  Hundred, 
and  on  the  21st  again  crossed  the  Appomattox,  and  took 
position  in  the  trenches. 

On  the  22d  of  August  Lieut.  Andrew  "W.  Doe  was 
killed  while  on  picket.  On  the  27th  the  corps  was  or 
dered  to  the  defenses  of  Bermuda,  and  the  Tenth  wag 
placed  on  the  extreme  right,  resting  on  James  river. 
This  was  a  comfortable,  though  an  unhealthy,  position, 


440  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  nearly  every  man  was  attacked  with  chills  and  fever. 
On  the  loth  of  September,  Colonel  Donohoe,  after  a 
protracted  absence,  returned  to  the  regiment,  and  Lieut. 
Colonel  Coughlin  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the 
Fifth  Maryland  Veteran  Volunteers,  and  afterward  to  a 
provisional  brigade  of  new  troops  from  Pennsylvania ; 
and  was  subsequently  Provost  Marshal  of  the  Depart 
ment  of  Virginia  and  North  Carolina,  including  the 
Army  of  the  James. 

FORT   HARRISON. 

On  the  28th  of  September  the  Army  of  the  James 
marched  to  Aiken's  Landing.  About  midnight  the  army 
crossed  the  river,  the  Tenth  in  advance,  and  before  day 
light  a  skirmish  line  was  formed  of  the  Tenth  and 
Hundred  and  Eighteenth  N"ew  York,  and  the  advance 
was  begun.  At  daylight  the  enemy's  skirmishers  were 
encountered  and  rapidly  driven  back.  Colonel  Donohoe, 
who  commanded  the  skirmish  line,  had  his  horse  shot 
under  him.  The  enemy  was  driven  three  or  four  miles 
to  the  cover  of  his  works  on  Chapin's  Farm,  where  the 
main  body  of  troops  came  up  and  formed  in  the  edge  of 
the  wood  for  an  assault  upon  Fort  Harrison,  a  powerful 
work  on  the  summit  of  a  hill,  three-quarters  of  a  mile 
from  the  woods,  the  intervening  slope  being  swept  by 
the  enemy's  cannon.  The  First  Division  emerged  from 
the  woods  and  advancing  toward  the  Fort,  thirty  pieces 
of  Artillery  opened  on  the  columns,  and  rebel  gunboats 
on  the  James  threw  their  immense  shells  across  its  path. 
The  division  moved  steadily  on,  and  in  quick  time,  the 
fast  opening  gaps  quickly  closed  up,  it  marched  well  up 
to  the  fort,  and,  halting  for  a  moment  to  gather  for  the 
blow,  it  sprang  forward  with  defiant  cheers,  every  step 
taken  at  the  cost  of  scores  of  brave  lives ;  they  gained 
the  ditch,  mounted  the  ramparts,  and  drove  the  enemy 


TENTH  REGIMENT.  441 

from  his  guns,  which  were  at  once  turned  to  the  destruc 
tion  of  those  who  had  just  used  them  with  such  deadly 
effect.  All  of  the  enemy's  dead  and  wounded  fell  into 
the  hands  of  the  assilants,  and  many  prisoners  and  guns 
were  taken.  General  Burnham,  commanding  the  brig 
ade,  was  killed  while  working  some  of  the  captured 
guns.  Later  in  the  day  another  fierce  fight  occurred,  in 
which „  Colonel  Donohoe  was  severely  wounded.  The 
next  day  the  enemy  opened  on  the  fort  from  all  sides, 
the  gunhoats  and  mortar  batteries  joining  in  the  bom 
bardment.  This  was  followed  by  an  attempt  to  storm 
the  fort.  The  advance  was  to  certain  defeat  and  terrible 
slaughter.  Dead  and  disabled  rebels  strewed  the  field. 
New  and  successive  attempts  were  made  to  carry  the 
works,  followed  by  the  same  fearful  carnage.  Every 
advance  was  coolly  repulsed,  and  the  enemy  abandoned 
the  undertaking,  how  reluctantly.  A  skirmish  line,  com 
posed  of  troops  from  the  Tenth  and  Thirteenth,  sallied 
forth  after  the  routed  rebels,  and  brought  in  about  five 
hundred  prisoners.  The  victory  was  complete  and  im 
portant.  The  losses  were  far  greater  on  the  rebel  than 
on  the  Union  side.  General  Ord,  commanding  the  corps, 
and  General  Stannard,  commanding  the  division,  were 
both  wounded — the  latter  losing  an  arm.  Thus  the 
Tenth  had  lost  its  corps,  division  and  brigade  command 
ers.  Captain  Caswell,  who  was  in  command  of  the  regi 
ment  after  Colonel  Donohoe  was  wounded,  was  killed. 
He  was  a  most  brave  and  noble  officer.  The  entire  loss 
of  the  regiment  was  thirty-four  killed  and  wounded,  out 
of  less  than  two  hundred  taken  into  the  fight. 

On  the  25th  of  October  the  Eighteenth  Corps  moved 
across  the  country  to  the  Williamsburg  road — the  object 
being  to  turn  the  enemy's  left.  When  near  Fair  Oaks 
the  rebels  came  to  a  stand,  and  were  driven  by  the 
skirmishers  into  their  works.  The  Second  Brigade, 
now  reduced  to  about  five  hundred  men,  was  ordered  to 


442  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

charge.  It  moved  forward  under  the  fire  of  artillery 
and  musketry.  It  reached  a  position  where  to  retreat 
or  advance  were  alike  impossible.  Far  from  supports, 
and  few  to  continue  the  assault,  they  were  forced  to  lie 
down  within  a  few  yards  of  the  enemy's  works,  and 
wait  for  darkness  to  cover  their  escape.  The  rebels, 
however,  captured  nearly  the  whole  brigade  before  night 
came.  Only  two  out  of  ten  officers  of  the  .Tenth 
escaped,  and  seventy-four  men  were  killed,  wounded,  or 
captured.  To  prevent  the  colors  from  falling  into  the 
hands  of  the  enemy  they  were  taken  from  the  staffs. 
The  State  flag  was  destroyed,  and  the  stars  and  stripes 
were  wrapped  around  the  body  of  Sergeant  John  H. 
Durgin,  who  was  afterward  taken  prisoner,  and  died  at 
Salisbury,  but  the  flag  was  never  heard  from.  Lieut. 
Henry  II.  Emerson  was  killed;  Captains  John  C.  Kee- 
nan  and  M.  F.  Corcoran  were  captured,  and  Captains 
Crowley  and  Doyle,  and  Lieuts.  Larkin,  Mitchell  and 
Tucker  were  wounded.  Nearly  all  the  men  who  were 
captured  died  in  the  rebel  prison  at  Salisbury.  •  The 
next  morning  the  troops  reached  camp.  They  remained 
in  the  lines  before  Richmond  all  winter,  employed  in 
the  usual  duties  of  troops  before  the  enemy. 

At  the  final  advance  on  Richmond,  in  April,  1865, 
the  Tenth  was  among  the  first  to  enter  the  city.  It 
remained  at  Manchester,  opposite  Richmond,  on  provost 
guard  duty,  until  about  the  21st  of  June,  when  it  was 
mustered  out  of  the  United  States  service  and  in  com 
pany  with  the  Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  New  Hampshire, 
forming  a  brigade,  under  command  of  Brevet  Brigadier 
General  Donohoe,  it  started  for  home,  arriving  in  Bos 
ton  on  the  25th.  At  Nashua,  Manchester  and  Concord 
the  brigade  was  cordially  received  and  handsomely 
entertained  by  the  citizens.  At  Concord  the  men 
received  their  pay  and  final  discharge. 

Many  officers  were  detailed  from  this  regiment  for 


TENTH  REGIMENT.  443 

important  and  honorable  staff  and  other  duty,  though 
the  promotions  from  it  were  not  so  numerous  as  from 
some  other  ones  which  went  from  the  State.  The  regi 
ment  was  largely  composed  of  foreigners,  who  leave 
a  record  highly  creditable  for  patriotism,  bravery  and 
good  conduct;  those  who  survive  are  entitled  to  the 
gratitude  of  the  State  and  nation  ;  and  its  dead  upon 
many  hard  fought  fields,  in  rebel  prisons,  and  in  hos 
pitals,  to  an  honorable  record  in  the  history  of  the  great 
rebellion. 


444  TEE  GREAT  REBELLION. 


ELEVENTH  REGIMENT. 


The  Eleventh  Regiment  was  enlisted  in  August,  and 
its  muster  into  the  United  States  service  was  completed 
early  in  September,  1862.  It  rendezvoused  at  Con 
cord.  It  was  raised  under  the  same  call  for  troops  as 
the  Tenth,  and  the  men  composing  it  were  paid  the  same 
bounties.  The  following  were  the  officers  of  this 
regiment,  with  their  official  record,  during  the  term  of 
service : 

FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

COLONEL — Walter  Harriman,  of  Warner. 

Captured  May  6,  1864.  Exchanged  Sept.  12,  1864.  Appointed  Brigadier 
General  U.  S.  V.,  by  brevet,  for  gallant  conduct  during  the  war,  to  date  from 
March  13,  1865.  Mustered  out  as  Colonel  June  4,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonels — Moses  N.  Collins,  of  Exeter. 

Killed  in  action  May  6,  1864. 

Leander  W.  Cogswell,  of  Henniker. 

Not  mustered.     Honorably  discharged  as  Captain  April  26,  1865. 

Majors — Moses  N.  Collins,  of  Exeter. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Sept.  9,  1862. 

Evarts  W.  Farr,  of  Littleton. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

Adjutants — Charles  R.  Morrison,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  severely  May  12.  1864.     Honorably  discharged  Sept.  9,  1864. 

William  A.  ISTason,  of  New  London. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  as  First  Lieut.  June  4,  1865. 

Quartermasters — James  F.  Brings,  of  Ilillsborough. 

Honorably  discharged  Aug.  1,  1863. 

Gilman  B.  Johnson,  of  Epping. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

Surgeons — John  S.  Ross,  of  Somersworth. 

Honorably  discharged  for  disability  Dec.  7,  1864. 

John  A.  Hayes,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

Assistant  Surgeons — John  A.  Hayes,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  Jan.  2,  1865. 


ELEVENTH  REGIMENT.  445 

Edward  R.  Hutchins,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  Dec.  25,  1862. 

John  C.  W.  Moore,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  11,  1864. 

Charles  M.  Jones. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

Chaplains — Frank  K  Stratton,  of  Hampton. 

Resigned  May  5,  1863. 

Edward  T.  Lyford,  of  Deerfield. 

Resigned  May  13,  1865. 

Sergeant  Majors — Josiah  W.  Taylor. 

Wounded  severely  May  6,  1864.     Died  of  disease  March  18,  1865. 

Jonathan  T.  Williams,  of  Suttdn. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

Quartermaster  Sergeant — Henry  L.  Colby,  of  Warner. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

Commissary  Sergeant — William  S.  Carter,  of  Warner. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

Hospital  Stewards — Charles  M.  Jones. 

Promoted  to  Assistant  Surgeon  Jan.  2,  1865. 

George  P.  Ladd,  of  Deering. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

Principal  Musician — Andrew  J.  Coffin,  of  Epping. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

Co.  A. — Captains — Horace  C.  Bacon,  of  Epping. 

Wounded  Dec.  13,  1862.     Honorably  discharged  June  11,  1864. 

J.  Charles  Currier,  of  Deny. 

Wounded  severely  Sept.  30,  1864.     Honorably  discharged  Jan.  18,  1865. 

Charles  E.  Frost,  of  Hampstead. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — George  !N".  Shepard,  of  Epping. 

Wounded  Dec.  13.  1862.     Promoted  to  Captain  May  6,  1864. 

Charles  Davis,  jr.,  of  Warner. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Sept.  20,  1864. 

Charles  E.  Bartlett. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Gilman  B.  Johnson,  of  Epping. 

Promoted  to  Quartermaster,  April  22,  1864. 

Charles  E.  Bartlett, 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  17,  1865. 


446  THE  GREA  T  REBELLION. 

Co.  B. — Captains — Sewell  D.  Tilton,  of  Raymond. 

Wounded  severely  May  30,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Isaac  H.  Morrison,  of  Deering. 

Wounded  slightly  Dec.  13,  1862.     Honorably  discharged  Sept.  3,  1864. 

Merrill  Johnson,  of  Deering. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Joseph  H.  Cram,  of  Deering. 

Discharged  Feb.  5,  1864. 

John  E.  Cram,  of  Raymond. 

Wounded  severely  May  12,  1864.  Honorably  discharged  on  account  of 
wounds  Oct.  19,  1864. 

George  W.  Caswell,  of  South  Newmarket. 

Wounded  July  30,  1864.  Not  mustered.  Discharged  for  disability  at 
Concord,  May  20,  1865. 

Co.  C. — Captain. — Hollis  O.  Dudley,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  slightly  May  6,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Joseph  B.  Clark,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  1,  1863. 

Jeremiah  D.  Lyford,  of  Manchester. 

Died  of  disease  Dec.  9,  1864. 

Charles  C.  Page,  of  Candia. 

Wounded  severely  June  2,  1864.  Transferred  from  Co.  I.  Not  mustered. 
Unable  to  accept  on  account  of  wounds.  Mustered  out  as  Sergeant  Aug.  23,1865. 

Will  C.  Wood,  of  Lyme. 

Transferred  from  Co.  H.     Mustered  out  June  4,  1863. 

Second  Lieuts. — T.  P.  Heath,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  Aug.  3,  1863. 

Ira  G.  Wilkins,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  5,  1864. 

Co.  D.  Captains — Leander  W.  Cogswell,  of  Henniker. 

Promoted  to" Lieut.  Colonel  Aug.  20,  1864. 

Charles  Davis,  Jr.,  of  Warner. 

Wounded  severely  Sept.  30, 1864.  Not  mustered.  Honorably  discharged  as 
First  Lieut.  Jan.  20,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Thomas  L.  Sanhorn,  of  Henniker. 

Resigned  Feb.  23,  1863. 

David  C.  Harriman,  of  Warner. 

Resigned  June  27,  1863. 

Joseph  !N".  Modica,  of  Henniker. 

Appointed  Captain  U.  S.  V.,  by  brevet,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct 
before  Petersburg,  Va.,  to  date  from  April  2,  1865.  Mustered  out  as  First 
Lieut.  June  4,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — David  C.  Harriman,  of  Warner. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  27,  1863. 

Charles  Davis,  Jr.,  of  Warner. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  25,  1864. 


ELEVENTH  REGIMENT.  447 

Co.  E. — Captains — Amos  B.  Shattuck,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  Dec.  13,  1862.     Died  of  wounds  Dec  17,  1862. 

Arthur  C.  Locke,  of  Epsom. 

Wounded  Sept.  30,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Arthur  C.  Locke,  of  Epsom. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  18,  1862. 

Henry  G-.  Dillenback,  of  Berry. 

Honorably  discharged  July  22,  1864. 

Charles  E.  Frost,  of  Hampstead. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  17,  1865. 

Solomon  Dodge,  Jr.,  of  New  Boston. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

Second  Lieut, — Charles  E.  Frost,  of  Hampstead. 

Wounded  Nov.  19,  1863.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  22,  1864. 

Co.  F. — Captains — Samuel  M.  Carr,  of  New  London. 

Resigned  Jan.  29,  1863. 

Charles  Woodward,  of  New  London. 

Honorably  discharged  June  23,  1864. 

Orlando  W.  Dimick,  of  Lyme. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Austin  TV.  Messer,  of  New  London. 

Discharged  for  disability  Sept.  29,  1862. 

Hiram  K.  Little,  of  Sutton. 

Wounded.     Died  of  wounds  at  David's  Island,  N.  Y.,  July  4,  1864. 

William  A.  Nason,  of  New  London. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  Dec.  1,  1864. 

R.  Baxter  Brown,  of  Candia. 

Transferred  to  Co.  I. 

Second  Lieuts. — Hiram  K.  Little,  of  Sutton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  30,  1863. 

E.  Freeman  Sanborn,  of  Springfield. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  25,  1864. 

Co.  G. — Captains — George  E.  Pingree,  of  Lisbon. 

Honorably  discharged  to  accept  appointment  in  V.  R.  C.,  April  30,  1864. 

J.  LeRoy  Bell,  of  Haverhill. 

Wounded  July  30,  1864.  Wounded  Sept.  30,  1864.  Mustered  out  June 
4,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Arthur  E.  Hutchins,  of  Bath. 

Killed  in  action  May  6,  1864. 

L.  Newell  Sawyer,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Sept.  1,  1864. 

Ira  G.  Wilkins,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  April  2,  1865.  Appointed  Captain  U.  S.  V.,  by  brevet,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  assault  before  Petersburg,  Va.,  to  dato 
from  April  2,  1865.  Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 


448  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Second  Lieut. — J.  LeRoy  Bell,  of  Haverhill. 

Wounded  slightly  May  12,  1864.     Wounded  slightly  June  2,  1864.      Pro 
moted  to  Captain  July  22,  1864. 

Co.  11. — Captains — Convers  G.  Morgan,  of  Enfield. 

Dismissed  April  18,  1863. 

Joseph  B.  Clark,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  severely  May  6,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Orlando  W.  Dimick,  of  Lyme. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  22,  1864. 

Frank  S.  Bean,  of  Enfield. 

Transferred  to  Co.  I,  Sept.  23,  1864. 

Will  C.  Wood,  of  Lyme. 

Transferred  to  Co.  I. 

Second  Lieuts. — Allen  II.  George,  of  Canaan. 

Honorably  discharged  May  23,  1864. 

Frank  S.  Bean,  of  Enfield. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  25,  1864. 

Will  C.  Wood  of  Lyme. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  2,  1865. 

Co.  I. — Captains — William  R.  Patten,  of  Candia. 

Honorably  discharged  April  20,  1864. 

George  N.  Shepard,  of  Epping. 

Wounded  severely  June  2,  1864.     Mustered  "out  June  4,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — John  K.  Cilley,  of  Exeter. 

Promoted  to  Captain  and  A.  Q.  M.  U.  S.  V.  April  7,  1864. 

J.  Charles  Currier,  of  Deny. 

Promoted  to  Captain  June  28,  1864. 

R.  Freeman  Sanborn,  of  Springfield. 

Honorably  discharged  Aug.  9,  1864. 

Frank  S.  Bean,  of  Enfield. 

Transferred  from  Co.  H  Sept.  23,  1864.     Wounded  Sept.  30,  1864.     Died  of 
Wounds  Nov.  25,  1864. 

Charles  C.  Page,  of  Candia. 

Transferred  to  Co.  C. 

R.  Baxter  Brown,  of  Candia. 

Transferred  from  Co.  F.     Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — J.  Charles  Currier,  of  Derry. 

Wounded  severely  May  6,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  if,  1864. 

R.  Baxter  Brown,  of  Candia. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  5,  1864. 

Co.  3L — Captains — Nathaniel  Lowe,  jr.,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Captain  and  A.  Q.  M.  U.  S.  V.  June  16,  1364. 

L.  Newell  Sawyer,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  June  4,  1865. 


ELEVENTH  REGIMENT.  449 

First  Lieuts. — B.  Frank  Rackley,  of  Dover. 

Resigned  Dec.  22,  1862. 
Henry  W.  Twombly,  of  Dover. 

Resigned  July  19,  1863. 

Charles  E.  Everett,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  15.  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Henry  "W.  Twombly,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  24,  1863. 

L.  Newell  Sawyer,  of  Dover. 
Wounded  slightly  June  16,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  25,  1864. 

George  P.  Demerritt,  of  Durham. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  as  Sergeant  June  4, 1865. 


GENERAL  WALTER  HARRIMAN. 

General  Harriman  was  born  at  Warner,  in  Merrimack 
County,  New  Hampshire,  where  he  has  always  resided. 
He  received  a  good  public  school  and  academic  educa 
tion  in  "Warner  and  .other  places.  In  his  early  days  he 
taught  school  considerably,  and  thus  spent  one  year  in 
the  State  of  New  Jersey.  At  the  age  of  twenty  years — 
without  any  especial  preparation  and  without  consulta 
tion  with  a  single  clergyman — he  commenced  preaching, 
and  was  known  for  years  throughout  the  State  as  one 
of  its  most  eloquent  and  stirring  preachers  of  the 
Universalist  doctrines.  He  subsequently  became  engag 
ed  in  trade,  and  then  interested  himself  in  the  political 
affairs  of  the  state  and  nation,  and  abandoned  the  sacred 
desk  altogether.  In  1849  he  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  in  the  State  Legislature  from  the  town  of  Warner, 
and  was  re-elected  in  1850.  He  often  engaged  in 
debates  in  the  House,  and  took  a  leading  position.  In 
June,  1853,  he  was  elected  State  Treasurer,  and  was  re- 
elected  in  1854,  serving  the  State  in  this  responsible 
position  to  the  acceptance  of  all.  In  1856  he  was 
appointed  by  President  Pierce  a  Commissioner  to  clas 
sify  and  appraise  Indian  Lands  in  Kansas  Territory, 
which  duty  he  performed  with  great  care  and  faithful- 


450  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

ness,  satisfying  all  parties  interested.  In  1858  General 
Harriman  was  again  elected  to  the  "popular  branch  of 
the  Legislature  from  the  town  of  Warner,  and  was  a  lead 
ing  member  on  the  Democratic  side  of  the  House.  In 
1859  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  from  the  Eighth 
District,  and  was  re-elected  in  1860.  During  all  these 
years  that  General  Harriman  had  given  attention  to  po 
litical  matters  he  was  known  not  only  in  New  Hampshire 
but  other  states  as  one  of  the  most  able  and  effective 
speakers  in  the  party  to  which  he  had  up  to  this  time 
belonged.  He  had  at  different  times  spoken  upon  state 
and  national  politics  in  every  county  and  almost  every 
considerable  town  in  the  State,  and  in  some  of  them 
several  times. 

In  the  spring  of  1861  General  Harriman  became 
editor  of  the  Union  Democrat,  at  Manchester,  and  bold 
ly  and  fearlessly  took  and  ably  maintained  ground  in 
favor  of  the  national  government  and  the  administration 
of  Abraham  Lincoln,  so  far  as  its  war  policy  was  concern 
ed.  The  principles  then  and  subsequently  espoused  and 
advocated  by  him  were  so  much  at  variance  with  those 
entertained  by  the  body  of  the  party  with  which  he  had 
always  acted  and  labored  so  earnestly,  and  which  had 
honored  him  by  appointments  and  elections  to  places  of 
trust  and  profit,  as  to  occasion  an  estrangement;  and 
from  that  time  he  has  acted  with  the  national  adminis 
tration  and  the  Republican  party.  In  August,  1862,  he 
was  appointed  Colonel  of  the  Eleventh  New  Hampshire 
Volunteers,  immediately  set  about  addressing  public 
meetings,  and  raised  his  regiment  in  a  few  days.  He 
went  to  the  field  with  his  regiment,  and  was  with  it 
most  of  the  time  until  the  close  of  the  war,  except  four 
months  that  he  was  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy  as  a 
prisoner.  He  was  captured  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilder 
ness,  on  the  6th  of  May,  and  was  not  exchanged  until 
the  12th  of  September,  1864.  He  was  one  of  the  num- 


ELE  VENTH  REGIMENT.  451 

ber  of  Union  officers  drafted  at  Macon,  Georgia,  to  be 
kept  in  prison  in  that  part  of  Charleston  most  exposed 
by  the  bombardment  of  the  city  from  Morris  Island  by 
the  -Union  forces.  He  and  other  Union  officers  were 
kept  in  this  most  perilous  situation  for  seven  weeks,  but 
fortunately  the  building  in  which  they  were  confined 
was  unharmed. 

Colonel  Harriman  was  with  his  regiment  in  the  siege 
of  Petersburg,  and  when  preparations  were  made  for 
the  final  assault,  which  was  rendered  unnecessary  by  the 
evacuation  of  the  city  by  the  enemy,  he  was  in  command 
of  a  brigade  of  nine  regiments,  and  thus  on  the  3d  of 
April,  1865,  marched  over  the  rebel  works  and  into 
Petersburg  on  the  heels  of  Lee's  flying  army.  He  was 
appointed  Brigadier  General,  by  brevet,  "for  gallant 
conduct  during  the  war,  to  date  from  March  13,  1865." 
He  saw  the  rebellion  snuffed  out,  and  came  home  with 
his  regiment.  In  June,'  1865,  General  Harriman  was 
elected  Secretary  of  State,  and  was  re-elected  in  1866. 

In  January,  1867,  General  Harriman  was  nominated 
as  the  Republican  candidate  for  Governor,  and  after  a 
sharp  and  decisive  contest — he  meeting  in  joint  debate 
the  opposing  candidate,  Hon.  John  G.  Sinclair, — was 
elected  by  a  handsome  majority.  He  was  re-elected  in 
1868,  after  a  most  severe  contest,  receiving  a  larger  vote 
than  any  candidate  for  any  office  had  received  before,  or 
has  received  since,  in  the  State.  During  the  two  years 
that  he  was  Governor  he  discharged  the  somewhat  ardu 
ous  and  difficult  duties  of  the  office  in  a  most  able  and 
acceptable  manner.  In  1869  Governor  Harriman  was 
appointed  Naval  Officer  at  Boston,  by  President  Grant, 
which  position  he  now  holds. 

In  the  fall  of  1864,  while  home  from  his  imprison 
ment,  General  Harriman  stumped  the  country  for  the 
re-election  of  President  Lincoln,  with  a  success  equal, 
at  least,  to  that  of  any  other  speaker  in  that  campaign. 


452  THE  GREA  T  REBELLION. 

He  again  stumped  the  country  from  Maine  to  Indiana, 
for  General  Grant,  in  1868,  with  most  flattering  results. 
He  is  emphatically  a  man  of  the  people.  His  command 
ing  figure — being  six  feet  two  inches  tall — tine  Voice 
and  earnest  manner,  and  his  perfect  familiarity  with  all 
the  political  issues  of  the  time,  combine  to  make  him 
one  of  the  most  popular  and  effective  speakers  in  the 
country.  Such  is  his  popularity  as  a  man  that  he  is  said 
never  to  have  been  defeated  when  a  candidate  for  any 
office.  f 

LIEUT.  COLONEL    MOSES  N.  COLLINS. 

Lieut.  Colonel  Collins  was  born  at  Brentwood,  Rock- 
ingham  County,  New  Hampshire,  in  April,  1820.  He 
received  a  thorough  academic  education  at  Gilmanton 
and  Hampton  Falls,  and  subsequently  for  several  years 
was  engaged  in  teaching  in  the  State  of  Maryland. 
Later  he  commenced  the  study  of  law  in  the  office  of 
Messrs.  Murphy  and  Bartlett,  of  Epping,  and  completed 
his  course  in  the  office  of  Hon.  Gil  man  Marston,  at 
Exeter.  He  was  admitted  to  the  Rockingham  County 
Bar  in  1857,  and  immediately  opened  an  office  at  Exeter, 
where  he  soon  made  himself  known  as  an  able,  indus 
trious  and  successful  lawyer.  He  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  popular  branch  of  the  New  Hampshire  Legisla 
ture  from  Brentwood,  in  1855,  and  from  Exeter  in 
1861  and  1862. 

In  the  summer  of  1862,  after  the  disastrous  defeat 
of  the  Union  arms  in  the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run ; 
the  uncertain  results  of  the  Peninsular  campaign,  and 
the  national  existence  seemed  trembling  in  the  balance, 
an  appeal  was  made  to  the  patriotism  of  every  Ameri 
can  to  rush  to  the  rescue  of  the  Government  from  its 
imperiled  condition.  Lieut.  Colonel  Collins  was  one 
of  those  who  regarded  the  perpetuity  of  the  constitution 


ELEVENTH  REGIMENT.  453 

and  laws  as  paramount  to  every  other  consideration, 
and  accordingly  offered  his  services,  and  his  life,  if  it 
should  be  required,  to  the  State  authorities,  in  any 
capacity  where  he  could  do  most  toward  crushing  out  the 
rebellion.  He  was  accordingly  tendered  and  accepted 
the  appointment  of  Major  of  the  Eleventh  Regiment 
of  Volunteer  Infantry,  and  before  the  organization  left 
the  State  was  promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel.  IJe  bore 
a  conspicuous  part  in  nearly  all  the  battles  and  skir 
mishes  in  which  the  regiment  was  engaged,  being  often 
in  command,  until  that  of  the  Wilderness,  on  the  6th 
of  May,  1864,  when  he  was  among  the  killed.  While 
gallantly  leading  his  men  in  a  charge  upon  the  enemy, 
he  fell,  with  a  musket  ball  through  the  head — a  noble 
sacrifice  in  a  holy  cause. 

The  Eleventh  Regiment  left  Concord  on  the  llth  of 
September,  1862,  and  arrived  at  Washington  on  the 
14th,  and  was  brigaded  with  the  Twenty-first  Connecti 
cut,  and  Thirty-seventh  Massachusetts,  under  command 
of  Brigadier  General  Henry  S.  Briggs,  of  Massachusetts, 
and  constituted  a  part  of  Casey's  reserved  corps.  Early 
in  October  the  Regiment  marched  to  Pleasant  Valley, 
Maryland,  and  was  brigaded  with  the  Thirty-fifth  and 
Twenty-first  Massachusetts,  Fifty-first  New  York,  and 
Fifty-first  Pennsylvania,  and  was  the  Second  Brigade, 
Second  Division,  Ninth  Army  Corps,  the  brigade  com 
mander  being  acting  Brigadier  General  E.  Ferrero.  On 
the  27th  of  October  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  started  in 
pursuit  of  General  Lee's  retreating  army,  the  division 
to  which  the  Eleventh  belonged  being  in  the  advance. 
The  enemy  was  closely  pursued  and  driven  from  point 
to  point,  occasionally  skirmishing,  without  any  serious 
engagement,  or  the  loss  of  any  men  to  the  regiment. 
They  reached  Falmouth,  opposite  Fredericksburg,  on 
the  19th  of  November,  and  went  into  camp,  where  they 


454  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

remained  drilling  and  performing 'ordinary  camp  and 
picket  duty,  until  they  engaged  in  the 

BATTLE  OF  FREDERICKSBURG. 

The  Eleventh  Regiment  crossed  the  Rappahannock 
on  the  morning  of  the  12th  of  December.  It  was  not 
put  into  the  fight  until  about  twelve  o'clock  on  the  13th, 
when  it  was  ordered  to  the  railroad,  and  thence  advanc 
ed  to  the  bottom  of  a  slope  across  an  open  plain  swept 
by  the  enemy's  fire  of  infantry  and  artillery,  with  noth 
ing  to  divert  that  fire,  and  two  or  three  fences  to  impede 
the  progress  of  the  regiment  and  add  to  its  exposure. 
The  order  to  advance  given  by  Colonel  Harriman  on 
the  right  and  Major  Farr  on  the  left,  was  promptly 
obeyed,  and  they  proceeded  upon  the  double-quick  to 
the  point  indicated,  which  was  not  more  than  twenty 
rods  from  the  rebel  intrenchments.  The  position  was 
held  by  a  few  companies  that  had  preceded  the  regiment. 
For  nearly  two  hours  they  sustained  a  tremenduous  fire 
from  the  enemy's  strongholds,  nearly  alone.  The  enemy 
were  well  protected  by  their  intrenchments,  while  the 
regiment  was  considerably  below  them  and  only  partially- 
protected  when  flat  upon  the  ground,  by  the  character 
of  the  slope.  The  men  were  ordered  to  lie  down  and 
load,  and  then  stand  up,  take  aim  and  fire.  Some, 
however,  were  so  eager  for  the  fray  and  reckless  of 
consequences,  that  they  persisted  in  standing  bolt  up 
right  all  the  while.  The  enemy  rushed  down  the  slope 
several  times  as  if  to  make  a  charge,  but  were  met  with 
terrific  volleys  from  the  Eleventh  and  repulsed.  Every 
man  stood  firm  and  would  not  yield  an  inch.  After 
the  ammunition  was  nearly  exhausted,  only  a  few 
rounds  being  reserved  for  an  emergancy,  and  when 
there  were  indications  that  they  might  be  called  upon 
to  make  or  meet  a  charge,  Colonel  Harriman  gave 


ELEVENTH  REGIMENT.  455 

orders  to  fix  bayonets.  Some  of  the  men  by  procuring 
ammunition  from  other  regiments  which  had  come  up, 
and  from  the  cartridge-boxes  of  the  dead,  kept  up  a 
continuous  fire.  Regiment  after  regiment  came  up, 
and  so  the  battle  raged,  the  fire  of  the  enemy's  musket 
ry  and  artillery  being  most  murderous  and  terrific,  until 
after  dark,  when  the  regiment  was  withdrawn.  On  a 
single  acre,  embracing  the  ground  held  by  the  New 
Hampshire  Eleventh,  as  measured  by  those  who  after 
ward  went  over  to  bury  the  dead,  there  were  six 
hundred  and  twenty  dead  men.  The  conduct  of  the 
regiment  on  that  day  was  the  subject  of  universal 
commendation.  The  General  in  command,  in  an  ad 
dress  said :  "To  the  new  troops  who  fought  so  nobly 
on  the  13th,  on  their  first  battle-field,  thanks  are  espe 
cially  due;  they  have  every  way  proved  themselves 
worthy  to  stand  side  by  side  with  the  veterans  of  the 
Second  brigade."  The  New  Hampshire  Eleventh  were 
the  only  "  new  troops  "  in  that  brigade,  and  of  course 
appropriated  this  high  and  well  deserved  compliment. 
In  this  battle  the  regiment  had  fourteen  men  killed, 
one  hundred  and  fifty-six  wrounded  and  twenty-four 
missing.  .  Of  the  latter  some  afterward  came  in ;  some 
are  supposed  to  have  been  killed,  others  were  wounded 
or  prisoners.  Many  died  of  wounds  not  supposed  at 
the  time  to  be  fatal.  Among  these  was  Captain  Amos 
B.  Shattuck,  an  excellent  officer  and  much  esteemed 
man. 

The  Eleventh  Regiment  remained  at  the  heights  of 
Strafford  until  the  llth  of  February,  1863,  when  with 
the  rest  of  the  corps  they  were  at  Newport  News  until 
the  the  26th  of  March,  and  then  went  to  Covington, 
Kentucky,  to  protect  the  people  from  guerrillas  and 
drive  out  the  rebel  forces.  They  remained  in  the  State, 
at  different  places  until  the  4th  of  June,  when  they 
were  removed  to  Yicksburg.  Here  Colonel  Harriman 


456  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

resigned  and  Lieut.  Colonel  Collins  -assumed  command 
of  the  regiment. 

After  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg,  on  the  of  4th  July, 
the  Eleventh,  with  other  troops  started  in  pursuit  of 
Johnston,  the  details  of  which  movement  are  given  in 
the  history  of  the  Sixth  Regiment.  The  regiment 
returned  to  Milldale  where  it  remained  until  the  6th 
of  August,  suffering  like  the  other  regiments  from  the 
unhealthiness  of  the  location.  From  there  it  proceeded 
to  Cincinnati,  where  it  arrived  on  the  14th,  sadly  re 
duced  in  numbers  and  strength,  by  exposure  to  the 
malaria  of  the  swamps  in  the  vicinity  of  Yicksburg. 
The  regiment  marched  over  to  Covington,  Kentucky 
and  remained  there  until  the  26th  ®f  August,  when 
they  were  successively  at  Nicholasville,  Camp  Parke, 
Crab  Orchard  and  Loudon,  Kentucky,  and  were  then 
engaged  in  the 

SIEGE  OF  KNOXVILLE. 

After  a  very  tedious  march  the  Eleventh  arrived  at 
Knoxville  on  the  29th  of  October,  and  on  the  17th  of 
November  were  joined  by  General  Burnside  and  his 
gallant  little  army  of  thirteen  thousand  men,  who  were 
closely  followed  by  Longstreet  with  his  excellent  force, 
thirty  thousand  strong,  and  the  siege  of  Knoxville  com 
menced.  Trenches  were  thrown  up;  trees  were  felled ; 
forts  were  built ;  dams  were  erected  on  the  small  creek 
separating  the  city  proper  from  North  Knoxville,  and 
other  preparations  made  for  a  defense  of  the  city.  The 
Eleventh  shared  all  the  hardships  of  the  siege,  short 
rations,  etc.,  until  the  night  of  the  28th  of  November, 
when  the  rebels  made  an  attack  along  the  whole  line, 
and  skirmishing  continued  through  the  night.  At  five 
o'clock  in  the  morning  the  enemy  opened  with  renewed 
vigor  on  the  whole  front,  the  object  being  to  capture 


ELEVENTH  REGIMENT.  457 

Fort  Sanders,  at  the  west  part  of  the  town.  Against 
this  Longstreet  hurled  five  thousand  of  his  best  troops, 
who  were  mowed  down  like  grass  by  the  Union  battery. 
The  enemy  charged  bravely,  but  it  was  only  to  meet 
sudden  death.  At  seven  o'clock  the  enemy,  repulsed 
at  every  point,  withdrew  from  the  contest,  leaving  a 
thousand  dead  and  wounded  along  the  lines,  while  only 
ten  or  twelve  men  had  been  killed  or  wounded  on  the 
Union  side.  In  a  day  or  two  news  came  of  the  victory 
at  Chattanooga,  and  ringing  cheers  ran  along  the  whole 
line.  On  the  5th  of  December  the  enemy  commenced  a 
retreat,  and  troops  were  sent  in  all  directions  in  pursuit, 
who  brought  in  a  large  number  of  prisoners.  On  the 
7th  an  advance  was  made  up  the  valley,  to  force  Long- 
street  inside  the  Clinch  mountains,  and  keep  him  from 
Cumberland  Gap.  After  considerable  skirmishing  the 
Eleventh  went  into  camp  at  Lee's  Springs,  and  remained 
there  three  weeks.  Rations  had  become  very  short, 
some  days  only  a  single  ear  of  corn  being  issued  to  the 
men.  The  Eleventh  had  drawn  very  little  of  any  kind 
of  clothing  for  the  five  months  that  they  had  been  in 
Tennessee,  and  they  could  be  tracked  by  the  marks  of 
bloody  feet  while  marching.  In  lieu  of  shoes,  green 
hides  were  issued  to  the  men,  of  which  they  made 
moccasins. 

The  last  of  February,  1864,  Colonel  Harriman  rejoin 
ed  the  regiment,  and  was  received  with  much  enthu 
siasm.  He  had  been  re-commissioned  as  Colonel  of  the 
Eleventh,  and  had  marched  over  the  mountains,  a  dis 
tance  of  two  hundred  and  forty  miles,  in  command  of  a 
detachment  of  six  hundred  recruits  for  that  and  other 
regiments. 

On  the  18th  of  March  orders  were  received  to  proceed 
to  Annapolis,  and  the  troops  after  long  and  tedious 
inarching  and  railroad  transportation,  arrived  there  on 
the  7th  of  April  and  went  into  camp.  The  Ninth 


458  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Corps,  under  its  favorite  commander,.  General  Burnside, 
was  reorganized,  enlarged  and  made  to  embrace  four 
heavy  divisions.  Here  they  remained,  drilling,  clothing, 
arming  and  organizing  until  the  23d  of  April,  when  it 
began  another  march  to  the  front. 

At  the  battle  of  the  "Wilderness,  on  the  6th  of  May 
the  regiment  was  under  fire  nearly  all  day.  At  one 
o'clock  the  brigade  advanced  through  the  Wilderness 
in  good  order,  in  the  face  of  a  terrific  fire.  It  passed 
one  line  of  Union  troops  lying  close  to  the  ground,  not 
engaged,  came  to  another  similar  line  and  passed  that 
also,  when  about  three  hundred  Western  men  from 
that  line  sprang  to  their  feet  and  rallied  under  the  flag 
of  the  Eleventh  and  joined  their  fortunes  with  them. 
They  pressed  forward  with  spirit  and  carried  two  suc 
cessive  lines  of  the  enemy's  works  at  the  point  of  the 
bayonet,  driving  the  rebels  from  their  last  intrenchments 
in  their  front,  and  nearly  out  of  the  Wilderness.  In 
this  bloody  engagement  the  regiment  lost  severely  in 
both  officers  and  men.  Colonel  Harrinian  was  captured; 
Lieut.  Colonel  Collins  was  killed ;  Captain  J.  B.  Clark 
and  Lieut.  J.  C.  Currier  were  wounded  severely,  and 
Captain  H.  0.  Dudley  slightly ;  Lieut.  Arthur  E.  Hutch- 
ins,  serving  on  General  Griffin's  staff,  was  killed.  The 
command  of  the  regiment  devolved  on  Captain  Tilton. 

On  the  12th  of  May  occured  the  battle  of  Spottsyl- 
vania.  The  advance  was  commenced  before  daylight. 
The  enemy's  pickets  were  soon  encountered.  The 
Eleventh  discovered  a  regiment  of  the  enemy  dressed 
in  Union  blue,  detected  their  character,  and  at  once 
attacked  them.  The  fighting  was  terrific  all  along  the 
lines,  in  which  hundreds  of  pieces  of  artillery  and 
thousands  of  muskets  dealt  death  on  every  hand. 
Among  the  wounded  in  this  fight  were  Adjutant  Mor 
rison  and  Lieut.  John  E.  Cram,  who  at  the  time  had 
the  colors  in  his  hand.  The  position  of  the  Eleventh 


ELEVENTH  REGIMENT.  459 

was  just  to  the  left  of  where  the  Second  Corps  captured 
the  rebel  General  Bushrod  Johnson  and  about  five 
thousand  prisoners. 

On  the  16th,  in  a  skirmish  with  the  enemy  the  regi 
ment  lost  several  men  killed  and  wounded.  On  the 
24th  the  regiment  was  under  fire  at  North  Anna  river. 
On  the  25th  and  26th  in  picket  and  skirmish  firing 
several  of  the  men  were  wounded. 

At  Cold  Harbor,  notwithstanding  the  regiment  was 
not  used  in  the  offensive  movement,  the  battle  being 
fought  mainly  by  the  other  troops,  it  was  under  fire  and 
a  number  of  its  men  were  killed  and  wounded.  Cap 
tain  Shepard,  of  Company  I,  being  among  the  latter. 
On  the  16th  and  17th  of  June,  in  an  engagement  with 
the  enemy  before  Petersburg,  the  regiment  lost  several 
prisoners,  among  them  Lieut.  Dimick.  On  the  21st 
Lieut.  Little  was  mortally  wounded  while  on  the  picket 
line. 

The  months  of  June  and  July  were  spent  by  the 
regiment  in  the  trenches  before  Petersburg,  and  on  the 
30th  of  July  took  an  active  part  in  the  celebrated  battle 
of  the  "  Mine."  Captain  Tilton,  who  had  been  in  com 
mand  of  the  regiment  from  the  17th  of  June,  was 
wounded  early  in  the  morning,  and  the  command 
devolved  on  Captain  Locke.  The  result  of  the  attack 
was  a  repulse  of  the  Union  troops.  The  Eleventh  occu 
pied  the  "  crater"  most  of  the  day,  and  lost  heavily. 
The  colors  were  twice  lost  and  twice  retaken,  and  were 
finally  torn  in  two — the  enemy  retaining  half  while  the 
remaining  half  was  retained  by  the  regiment. 

In  September  the  regiment  took  part  in  the  move 
ments  on  the  Weldon  railroad.  On  the  30th  it  moved 
to  Poplar  Grove  Church,  and  was  actively  engaged  at 
Pegram's  Farm,  where  it  lost  heavily  in  killed  and 
wounded.  Among  the  wounded  were  Captains  Locke — 
commanding  the  regiment — Currier  and  Bell,  and 


460  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Lieuts.  Davis,  Brown  and  Bean — the  latter  mortally. 
Captain  Shepard  succeeded  to  the  command  of  the  regi 
ment,  which  he  held  until  the  1st  of  October,  when 
Captain  Dudley  returned  from  leave  of  absence  and 
succeeded  him.  On  the  27th  the  regiment  took  part  in 
the  engagement  at  Hatcher's  Run,  where  it  lost  two 
men  wounded  arid  the  Sergeant  Major  captured.  On 
the  31st,  by  order  of  the  commanding  general,  Captain 
Shepard  again  took  command  of  the  regiment. 

On  the  21st  of  November  Colonel  Harriman  returned 
to  the  regiment  from  his  imprisonment,  and  was  cor 
dially  welcomed.  On  the  29th  the  regiment,  wTith  the 
Ninth  Corps,  moved  to  the  front  of  Petersburg,  where 
it  went  into  camp  near  Hancock  Station,  on  the  military 
railroad,  and  remained  there  until  the  2d  of  April,  1865, 
engaged  in  picket  duty,  skirmishing  and  preparing  for 
the  last  great  struggle.  On  the  25th  of  March  the 
enemy  made  a  vigorous  assault  upon  the  lines  of  the 
Ninth  Corps,  at  Fort  Steadman,  at  daylight.  They  took 
the  fort,  but  an  hour  later  were  driven  back  with  great 
slaughter,  and  a  loss  of  two  thousand  prisoners. 

On  Sunday  morning,  April  2d,  at  three  o'clock,  the 
grand  charge  all  along  the  lines,  from  the  Appomattox 
river  to  Hatcher's  Run,  was  made.  It  was  a  great  day 
and  a  great  battle.  The  division  commander  having 
been  wounded  during  the  day,  General  Griffin  assumed 
command,  and  Colonel  Harriman  took  charge  of  the 
brigade,  while  the  command  of  the  Eleventh  Regiment 
devolved  on  Captain  Dudley.  About  midnight  it  be 
came  evident 'that  the  rebels  were  evacuating  Peters 
burg.  The  city  was  on  fire  at  three  different  points. 
Half  an  hour  before  day,  on  the  3d,  an  advance  was 
ordered.  The  troops  moved  cautiously  at  first,  but 
hurriedly  very-  soon,  and  sprang  over  the  rebel  breast 
works  with  a  shout  of  triumph.  The  brigade  com 
manded  by  Colonel  Harriman,  consisting  of  the  Sixth, 


ELEVENTH  REGIMENT.  461 

.Ninth  and  Eleventh,  and  six  other  regiments,  marched 
through  Petersburg,  with  bands  playing  and  banners 
flying.  The  common  people,  and  especially  the  colored 
population,  received  the  troops  with  demonstrations  of 
joy,  while  most  of  the  rich,  aristocratic,  original  rebels 
were  sour  and  glum.  Secession  was  dead,  and  this 
latter  class  distinctly  saw  and  keenly  felt  it.  The 
army  closely  pursued  Lee  to  Appomattox  Court  House, 
where,  on  the  9th,  he  surrendered  the  great  army  of 
Northern  Virginia  to  General  Grant,  and  the  four  years' 
war  of  the  rebellion  was  virtually  ended. 

The  Eleventh  Regiment  joined  in  the  grand  review 
of  the  Second,  Fifth  and  Ninth  Corps,  Sherman's  entire 
army,  and  some  other  troops,  at  Washington,  on  the  23d 
and  24th  of  May.  It  was  the  grandest  spectacle  of  the 
kind  ever  witnessed  in  this  country.  Two  hundred 
thousand  armed  veterans  passed  the  whole  length  of 
Pennsylvania  Avenue,  the  reviewing  officers  being  sta 
tioned  in  front  of  the  President's  house.  It  has  been 
confidently  claimed  that,  in  soldier-like  bearing  and 
general  appearance,  no  corps  eclipsed  the  Ninth;  no 
division  the  Second  of  that  corps;  no  brigade  the  Second 
of  that  division,  and  no  troops  those  of  that  brigade 
from  New  Hampshire. 

The  Eleventh  was  mustered  out  of  the  United  States 
service  on  the  4th  of  June,  and  immediately  started  for 
home,  arriving  at  Concord  on  the  afternoon  of  the  7th, 
meeting  with  a  hearty  reception  in  the  State  House 
yard.  On  the  10th  the  regiment  was  paid  off  and  for 
mally  discharged.  By  order  of  the  commanding  gen 
eral  of  the  army,  for  meritorious  conduct  in  battle,  the 
Eleventh  Regiment  inscribed  upon,  its  banner — "Fred- 
ericksburg,  Yicksburg,  Jackson,  East  Tennessee,  the 
Wilderness,  Spotts37lvania,  North  Anna,  Cold  Harbor, 
Weldon  Railroad,  Poplar  Grove  Church,  Hatcher's 
Run,  Petersburg." 


462  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

• 

TWELFTH  REGIMENT. 


On  the  10th  of  August,  1862,  in  response  to  the  call 
of  the  President  for  three  hundred  thousand  volunteers 
for  three  years,  some  prominent  citizens  of  Belknap 
and  Carroll  Counties  asked  permission  of  Governor 
Berry  to  raise  and  officer  a  regiment  of  infantry,  which 
was  granted,  on  condition  that  it  could  be  done  in  ten 
days.  On  the  16th  of  the  same  month  the  Adjutant 
General  was  notified  that  ten  full  companies  had  been 
raised,  organized  and  were  ready  to  be  mustered  into 
the  United  States  service.  They  were  ordered  into 
camp  at  Concord  on  the  3d  of  September,  and  by  the 
25th  the  regimental  organization  was  completed.  The 
following  were  its  field,  staff  and  company  officers,  with 
their  official  record,  from  the  date  of  its  muster-in  to 
that  of  its  muster-out : 


FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

COLONELS — Joseph  H.  Potter,  of  Concord. 

Wounded  May  3, 1863.    Promoted  to  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  V.  May  1,1865. 

Thomas  E.  Barker,  of  Barnstead. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  as  Lieut.  Colonel  Tune  21,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonels — John  F.  Marsh  of  Hudson. 

Wounded  May  3,  1863.     Honorably  discharged  May  28,  1864. 

George  D.  Savage,  of  Alton. 

Honorably  discharged  May  28,  1864. 

Thomas  E.  Barker,  of  Barnstead. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  May  26,  1865. 

Majors — George  D.  Savage,  of  Alton. 

Wounded  May  3,  1863.     Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Feb.  5,  1864. 

John  F.  Langley,  of  Pittsfield. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept.  22,  1864. 


TWELFTH  REGIMENT.  463 

Nathaniel  Shackford,  of  Holderness 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Adjutants — Daniel  S.  Bedee,  of  Meredith. 

Resigned  May  15,  1863. 

Andrew  M.  Heath,  of  London. 

Wounded  slightly  July  30,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  10,  1865. 

Rufus  E.  Gale,  of  Gilmanton. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

(Quartermaster — Isaiah  Winch,  of  Meredith. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Surgeon — Hadley  B.  Fowler,  of  Bristol. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Ass't  Surgeons — Charles  W.  Hunt,  of  Laconia. 

Died  of  typhoid  fever,  at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  August  24,  1863. 

Samuel  P.  Carbee,  of  Bath. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

John  H.  Sanborn,  of  Meredith. 

Resigned  July  21,  1864. 

Chaplains — Thomas  L.  Ambrose,  of  Ossipee. 

Wounded  severely  July  24,  1864.     Died  of  wounds  Aug.  19,  1864. 

Josiah  B.  Higgins. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Sergeant  Majors — Edwin  E.  Bedee. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  22,  1862. 

Andrew  M.  Heath,  of  Loudon. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Jan.  26,  1863. 

Asa  W.  Bartlett,  of  Pittsfield. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  March  3,  1864. 

Frederick  P.  Rhodes,  of  New  Hampton. 

Reduced  to  the  ranks  for  cowardice,  and  assigned  to  Co.  E,  June  12,  1864. 

Edward  F.  Gordon,  of  New  Hampton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  1,  1865. 

David  S.  Dockham,  of  Gilmanton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  6,  1865. 

Quartermaster  Sergeants — Josiah  H.  Prescott. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Nov.  18,  1862. 

George  W.  Edwards. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  May  18,  1865. 

Commissary  Sergeants — John  H.  Prescott,  of  Pittsfield. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Feb.  8,  1864. 

George  B.  Lane,  of  Gilford. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  May  26,  1865, 

Hospital  Steward— Thomas  E.  Hunt,  of  Gilford. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865 


464  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Principal  Musicians — James  S.  Baker,  of  Holderness. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Ira  C.  Evans,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

Co.  A. — Captains — Moses  H.  Savage  of  New  Durham. 

Killed  Maj  3,  1863. 

William  H.  H.  Fernald,  of  Gilford. 

Honorably  discharged  Dec.  7,  1864. 

Ephraim  W.  Kicker. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — James  N.  York,  of  Alton. 

Resigned  Feb.  9,  1863. 

Andrew  J.  Huntoon,  of  Plymouth. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  1,  1864. 

Gorham  P.  Dunn,  of  Laconia. 

Killed  at  Cold  Harbor,  Va.,  June  3,  1864 

Ephraim  W.  Ricker. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Nathan  Chesley,  of  Alton. 

Discharged  Feb.  7,  1863 

Arthur  St.  Clair  Smith,  of  Gilford. 

Transferred  to  Co.  B. 

Mayhew  C.  Batchelder,  of  New  Durham. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut,  July  20,  1864. 

Co.  B. — Captains — Thomas  E.  Barker,  of  Barnstead. 

Wounded  May  3,  1863.     Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Sept.  30,  1864. 

James  W.  Saunders,  of  Alexandria. 

Discharged  May  19,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — John  M.  Durgin,  of  Gilmanton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  4,  1863. 

Horace  Edgerly,  of  Barnstead. 

Resigned  June  9,  1864. 

Mayhew  C.  Batchelder,  of  New  Durham. 

Wounded  slightly  Aug.  19,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Charles  E.  Marsh,  of  Gilmanton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  4,  1863. 

Gorham  P.  Dunn,  of  Laconia. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  1,  1864. 

Eufus  E.  Gale,  of  Gilmanton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  Aug,  16,  1864 


TWELFTH  REGIMENT.  465 

Arthur  St.  Glair  Smith,  of  Gilford. 

Transferred  from  Co.  A.     Wounded  severely  May  3,  1863.     Promoted  to 
First  Lieut.  June  12,  1863. 

Co.  C.— Captains— Blake  Fowler,  of  Bristol. 

Resigned  May  11,  1863 

John  M.  Durgin,  of  Gilmanton. 

Resigned  Jan.  4,  18G4 

James  T.  Smith,  of  Danbury. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept.  22,  1864 

Asa  W.  Bartlett,  of  Pittsfield. 

Honorably  discharged  for  disability  March  18,  1865 

Daniel  W.  Bohonon. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — James  T.  Smith,  of  Danbury. 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  22,  1863. 

Henry  A.  L.  French,  of  Pittsfield. 

Killed  July  2,  1863. 
Charles  E.  Marsh,  of  Gilmanton. 

Transferred  from  Co.  F.     Discharged  Oct.  15,  1863. 

Hosea  Q.  Sargent,  of  Xew  Hampton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  March  3,  1864. 

Joseph  K.  "\Vhittier,  of  Laconia. 

Transferred  to  Co.  D. 

James  W.  Saunders,  of  Alexandria. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  28,  1864. 

George  E.  Worthen. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lients. — IT.  Q.  Sargent,  of  !N"e\v  Hampton. 

Wounded  severely  May  3,  1863.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut  May  4,  1863. 

James  W.  Saunders,  of  Alexandria. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  15,  1864. 

George  K.  Hughes. 

Not  mustered.     Killed  at  Cold  Harbor,  Va.,  June  4,  1864. 

Co.  D. — Captains — J.  Ware  Butterfield,  of  Sanbornton. 

Honorably  discharged  Nov.  17,  1862. 

Orlando  W.  Keyes,  of  Holderness. 

Killed  May  3,  1863. 

John  S.  Yeasey,  of  Gilford. 

Dismissed  Feb.  15,  1864. 

Andrew  J.  Huntoon,  of  Plymouth. 

Honorably  discharged  June  15,  1864. 

John  W.  Johnson,  of  Pittsfield. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 


466  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

First  Lieuts.— David  E.  Everett,,  of  Bristol. 

Discharged  Jan.  23,  1863. 

John  S.  Veasey,  of  Gilford. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Aug.  25,  1863. 

Joseph  K.  Whittier,  of  Laconia. 

Transferred  from  Co.  C.     Killed  at  Cold  Harbor,  Va.,  June  3,  1864. 

George  "W.  Hall,  of  Sanbornton. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — B.  M.  Merrill,  of  Sanbornton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  18,  1862. 

Josiah  H.  Prescott. 

Discharged  for  disability  June  25, 1863. 

George  W.  Hall,  of  Sanbornton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  20,  1864. 

Co.  E. — Captains — Nathaniel  Shackford,  of  Holderness. 

Wounded  slightly  May  3, 1863.    Wounded  severely  June  3,  1864.    Promoted 
to  Major  Nov.  16,  1864. 

Andrew  M.  Heath,  of  London. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Orlando  W.  Iveyes,  of  Ilolderness. 

Promoted'to  Captain  Nov.  18,  1862. 

Bradbury  M.  Merrill,  of  Sanbornton. 

Honorably  discharged  Nov.  11,  1863. 

Arthur  St.  Clair  Smith,  of  Gilford. 

Wounded  severely  twice  June  3,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  July  20,  1864. 

Edward  L.  Shepard,  of  Holderness. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — A.  J.  Huntoon,  of  Plymouth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  9,  1863. 

George  S.  Cram,  of  Meredith. 

Killed  May  3,  1863. 

Edward  L.  Shepard,  of  ITolderness. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  20,  1864. 

Co.  F. — Captains— John  F.  Langley,  of  PittsfieM. 

^Promoted  to  Major  Feb.  5,  1864. 

Hosea  Q.  Sargent,  of  New  Hampton. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  L'.uts. — Sylvanus  Smith,  of  Pittsfield. 

Resigned  Feb.  3,  1863. 

Andrew  M.  Heath,  of  London. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  June  1,  1863. 

John  W.  Johnson,  of  Pittsfield. 

i'romoted  to  Captain  July  20,  1864. 


TWELFTH  REGIMENT.  467 

Charles  S.  Emery,  of  Canterbury. 

Died  August  1, 1864. 

Rufus  E.  Gale,  of  Gilmanton. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  March  1,  1865. 

Charles  E.  Marsh,  of  Gilmanton. 

Transferred  to  Co.  C. 

Edward  F.  Gordon,  of  New  Hampton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  June  6,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — H.  A.  L.  French,  of  Pittsfield. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  22,  1863. 

Horace  Edgerly,  of  Barnstead. 

'Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  15,  1863. 

Charles  S.  Emery,  of  Canterbury. 

Wounded  severely  June  3,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  20,  1864. 

Co.  G.— Captains— Charles  W.  Chase  of  Gilford. 

Honorably  discharged  April  8,  1863. 

Edwin  S.  Be'dee,  of  Meredith. 

Wounded    severely  June   4,  1864.      Missing  at  Bermuda  Hundred,  Va. 
Gained  from  missing.     Promoted  to  Major  May  26,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — J.  M.  Emerson,  of  Moultonboro. 

Resigned  Deo.  20,  1862. 

Edwin  S.  Bedee,  of  Meredith. 

Wounded  May  3,  1863.     Promoted  to  Captain  Sept.  2,  1864. 

John  H.  Prescott,  of  Pittsfield. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Sept.  2,  1864. 

John  P.  Lane. 

Honorably  discharged  April  28, 1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  S.  Veasey,  of  Gilford. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  26,  1863. 

Andrew  M.  Heath,  of  London. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  12,  1863. 

Joseph  K.  Whittle  r,  of  Laconia. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  3,  1864. 

Asa  W.  Bartlett,  of  Pittsfield. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  15,  1864. 

Charles  G.  Sheldon,  of  Warren. 

Not  mustered.     Died  of  wounds  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  June  27,  1864,  before 
commission  was  issued.     Buried  at  National  Cemetery,  Arlington,  Va. 

Co.  H.  Captains— J.  L.  P.  Whipple,  of  Gilford. 

Dismissed  Aug.  24,  1863. 

Jeremiah  Sanborn. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts.— Joseph  S.  Tilton,  of  Gilford. 

Wounded  May  3,  1863.     Honorably  discharged  Oct.  29,  1863. 


468  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Abraham  II.  Milliken,  o£  Gilford.          » 

Transferred  from  Co.  B.     Dishonorably  discharged  Ang.  23,  1864. 

Daniel  "W.  BoTionon. 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  12,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — A.  II.  Milliken,  of  Gilford. 

Wounded  May  3,  1863.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  4,  1863. 

Joseph  A.  Fellows,  of  Gilmanton. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept,  17,  1864. 

Uo.  I. — Captains — Joseph  W.  Lang,  Jr.,  of  Meredith. 

Wounded  May  3,  1863.     Honorably  discharged  on  account  of  wounds  Aug. 
19,  1864. 

John  H.  Prescott,  of  Pittsfield. 

Mustered  out  June  21, 1865. 

First  Lieuts.— Wm.  H.  II.  Fernald,  of  Gilford. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  4,  1863. 

Alonzo  W.  Jewett. 

Wounded  slightly  Jui.e  3,  1864.      Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Wm.  W.  Stevens,  of  Meredith. 

Discharged  April  5,  1863. 

William  P.  Ham. 

Wounded  severely  June  3, 1864.     Died  of  weunds  June  15,  1864. 

Co.  K.  Captains — Silas  May,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Wounded  May  3,  1863.     Honorably  discharged  June  19,  1864. 

Arthur  St.  Clair  Smith,  of  Gilford. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Win.  F.  Dame,  of  Tuftonborough. 

Discharged  June  10,  1863. 

Jeremiah  Sanborn. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  15,  1864. 

Asa  W.  Bartlett,  of  Pittsfield. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Sept.  28,  1864. 

Charles  F.  Towle,  of  New  Durham. 

Missing  at  Bermuda  Hundred,  Va.,  Nov.  17,  1864.     Honorably  discharged 
June  9,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Geo.  L.  Batchelder,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  Jan.  26,  1863. 

Jeremiah  Sanborn. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  26,  1863. 

Ephraim  W.  Ricker,  of  Tuftonborough. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  20,  1864. 


TWELFTH  REGIMENT.  469 


GENERAL  JOSEPH  H.  POTTER. 

Joseph  Hayden  Potter  is  the  son  of  Thomas  D.  Potter, 
of  Concord,  where  he  was  born  Oct.  12,  1821.  He  was, 
for  most  of  the  years  1837  and  '38,  resident  with  an 
uncle  in  Portsmouth,  preparing  for  college,  and,  the 
latter  year,  assistant  in  the  male  High  School  in  that 
city.  Receiving  the  appointment  of  Cadet  through  the 
recommendation  of  Hon.  Samuel  Cushman,  of  Ports 
mouth,  he  entered  "West  Point,  Academy  in  1839,  and 
graduated  in  1843 ;  was  Brevet  Second  Lieutenant  First 
Infantry,  July  1,  1843;  attached  to  the  Seventh  Infantry 
in  1845 ;  severely  wrounded  in  the  battle  of  Monterey, 
Sept,  21,  1846 ;  brevetted  First  Lieut.  "  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  conduct  in  the  battle  of  Monterey,  Mexico," 
Sept.  21,  1846;  appointed  First  Lieutenant,  Oct.  30, 
1847;  Adjutant  of  the  Seventh  Regiment  United  States 
Infantry,  for  some  four  years  prior  to  January,  1856 ;  ap 
pointed  Captain,  Jan.  7,  1856,  and  assigned  to  Company 
G,  Seventh  'United  States  Infantry ;  ordered  with  regi 
ment  to  Utah  territory,  February,  1858,  thence  with 
regiment  to  New  Mexico,  May  15,  1860;  surrendered 
by  Major  Lynde  to  Texan  insurgents,  July  27th,  1861 ; 
took  command  of  the  surrendered  troops  after  their 
parole,  and  marched  them  across  the  country  to  Fort 
Leaven  worth,  Mo.,  and  from  thence  to  Jefferson  Bar 
racks,  Mo.,  arriving  there  November,  1861 ;  com 
manding  regiment  at  Fort  Niagara  from  March, 
1862,  until  Sept.  17,  1862 ;  then  exchanged,  and  ap 
pointed  Colonel  of  the  12th  New  Hampshire  Volunteer 
Regiment,  assuming  command  of  the  same  the  21st  of 
that  month;  severely  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Chan- 
cellorsville  and  taken  prisoner,  May  3,  1863 ;  exchanged 
Oct.  20,  1863 ;  ordered  to  Columbus,  Ohio,  as  Assis 
tant  Provost  Marshal,  Feb.  15,  1864;  joined  regiment 


470  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Sept.  16,  1864,  in  command  of  a  brigade  in  the  Eleventh 
Corps,  until  Dec.  2,  1864,  and  then  assigned  to  the  com 
mand  of  the  Second  Brigade,  Eighth  Division,  Twenty- 
fourth  Corps ;  appointed  Chief  of  Staff  of  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Corps,  Jan.  16,  1865;  assigned  to  command  of 
Second  Brigade,  Second  Division,  Twenty-fourth  Corps, 
July  10,  1865;  appointed  Brigadier  General  of  Volun 
teers,  May  1,  1865;  served  with  Twenty-fourth  Corps 
until  it  was  hroken  up,  in  August,  1865 ;  and  mustered 
out  of  volunteer  service,  Jan.  16,  1866;  commissioned 
Major  of  the  Nineteenth  Regiment  United  States  In 
fantry,  July  4,  1863;  brevetted  Lieutenant  Colonel 
United  States  Army,  Dec.  13,  1862,  "  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg, 
Virginia;"  brevetted  Colonel  United  States  Army, 
May  3,  1863,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  at 
the  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  Va.;  brevetted  Briga 
dier  General  United  States  Army,  March  13,  1865,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  campaign  ter 
minating  with  the  surrender  of  the  insurgent  army 
under  Gen.  Robert  E.  Lee ;  and  commissioned  Lieu 
tenant  Colonel  in  the  Thirtieth  United  States  Infantry, 
July  28,  1866.  General  Potter's  services  and  their 
appreciation  can  best  be  estimated  by  his  military 
record. 

The  people  of  the  Counties  of  Belknap  and  Carroll 
felt  an  especial  pride  in  this  regiment,  as  it  was  almost 
wholly  composed  of  men  rfnd  officers  from  their  limits. 
It  was  made  up  of  men  of  character  and  good  standing, 
who  enlisted  because  the  country  needed  them  to  sup 
press  the  rebellion.  No  regiment  left  the  State  with 
men  of  finer  personal  appearance,  or  of  more  gentle 
manly  bearing,  and  it  sustained  a  high  reputation  for 
honor  and  sobriety  throughout  its  whole  term  of  service. 
The  regiment  left  Concord  /or  Washington  on  the 


TWELFTH  REGIMENT.  471 

27th  of  September,  and  joined  Colonel  Wright's  di 
vision  of  General  Casey's  command  of  the  Reserve 
Army  Corps,  Defenses  of  Washington.  It  was  subse 
quently  assigned  to  General  Whipple's  division,  Third 
Army  Corps,  and  with  it  marched  from  Berlin  to  Po 
tomac  Creek,  near  Falmouth,  Va.,  a  distance  of  more 
than  a  hundred  miles,  arriving  there  on  the  25th  of  JSTo- 
vember.  Unaccustomed  to  camp  life,  many  of  the  men 
became  sick  from  exposure,  short  rations,  jaundice 
and  measles.  The  latter,  in  most  cases,  proved  fatal, 
or  caused  permanent  disability. 

On  the  12th  of  December,  while  crossing  the  Rappa- 
hannock  river  to  Fredericksburg,  the  column  was 
shelled  by  rebel  batteries,  and  three  commissioned 
officers  and  five  enlisted  men  of  the  regiment  were 
severely  wounded.  During  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg, 
on  the  13th  and  14th,  the  regiment  was  held  in  reserve, 
and  in  position  for  the  support  of  batteries,  and  all  the 
time  under  fire  of  musketry  and  cannon.  After  this 
memorable  battle  the  Twelfth  passed  the  remainder  of 
the  winter  at  Falmouth,  engaged  in  the  usual  camp  and 
picket  duties. 

CHANCELLORSVILLE. 

On  the  30th  of  April,  1863,  the  troops  moved  in  the 
direction  of  Chancellorsville.  At  daylight  on  the 
morning  of  the  3d  of  May,  Gen.  Whipple's  division  was 
formed  in  line  at  the  foot  of  the  hill,  near  the  Chancel 
lor  House,  and  at  right  angles  with  the  plank  road.  It 
was  ordered  forward  to  meet  a  heavy  force  commanded 
by  General  Longstreet,  and  if  possible  hold  the  enemy 
until  General  Sickles  could  collect  the  scattered  troops 
of  his  corps.  Colonel  Bowman,  commanding  the  brig 
ade,  ordered  the  Eighty-fourth  and  One  Hundred  and 
Tenth  Pennsylvania  to  be  formed  parallel  with,  and  to 


472  THE  GREA  T  REBELLION. 

the  rear,  to  prevent  a  flank  movement.  These  regi 
ments  were  nearly  all  captured  by  an  overwhelming 
force  of  the  enemy,  leaving  the  Twelfth,  with  a  few 
troops  on  the  right,  to  cope  with  a  force  at  least  three 
times  its  own.  One  of  the  most  desperate  musketry 
engagements  ensued  which  has  ever  been  witnessed. 
The  regiment  behaved  splendidly,  and  retreated  in  good 
order,  just  in  time  to  save  its  entire  capture.  General 
"Whipple  was  mortally  wounded,  and  while  being  carried 
from  the  field  on  a  stretcher,  bleeding  and  dying,  said : 
"  I  hope  I  may  live  long  enough  to  give  Colonel  Potter 
and  his  brave  men  a  just  report."  The  regiment  went 
into  the  engagement  in  the  morning  with  twenty-eight 
officers  and  five  hundred  and  forty-nine  enlisted  men. 
It  lost  three  commissioned  officers  killed ;  fifteen 
commissioned  officers  wounded  ;  forty-two  enlisted 
men  'killed;  two  hundred  and  twelve  enlisted  men 
wounded;  fifty-one  enlisted  men  captured;  three  en 
listed  men  missing,  probably  killed.  Aggregate  loss, 
three  hundred  and  twenty-six.  Captains  Savage  and 
Keyes  and  Lieut.  Cram  were  shot  dead ;  Colonel  Potter 
was  seriously  wounded  in  the  leg;  Lieut.  Colonel  Marsh 
was  wounded  in  the  leg,  and  Major  Savage  was  struck 
in  the  lower  jaw  by  a  musket  ball  and  severely  wounded. 
After  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  and  the  retreat 
of  the  army,  under  command  of  General  Hooker,  the 
Twelfth  returned  to  the  camp  it  had  occupied  the  pre 
vious  winter,  where  it  remained  until  the  llth  of  June, 
when  it  broke  camp  and  went  in  pursuit  of  the  rebel 
army  on  its  raid  in  Maryland  and  Pennsylvania.  From 
here  to  Gettysburg  the  march  was  the  most  severe  of 
any  ever  performed  by  the  army  of  the  Potomac,  the 
men  suffering  from  fatigue,  short  rations  and  excessive 
heat,  many  of  whom  fell  out  and  died  by  the  roadside. 
When  they  met  the  enemy  at  Gettysburg  it  was  a  relief 
to  many  to  know  that  they  had  an  opportunity  to  fight 


TWELFTH  REGIMENT.  473 

rather  than  march,  and  all  went  forward  determined 
to  conquer  their  foas  or  die  in  the  attempt. 

Early  on  the  morning  of  the  2d  of  July  the  line  was 
formed  under  command  of  Captain  J.  F.  Langley.  The 
engagement  commenced  in  the  afternoon.  The  Twelfth 
was  stationed  near  the  center  of  the  line  where  the 
enemy  made  a  heavy  attack.  All  through  this  bloody 
and  decisive  battle  the  regiment  fought  with  great  gal 
lantry,  fully  sustaining  the  reputation  they  had  won  at 
so  heavy  cost  at  Chancellorsville.  It  went  into  the  fight 
with  twelve  officers  and  two  hundred  and  twelve  enlisted 
men,  and  lost  one  officer  killed,  five  wounded;  twenty 
enlisted  men  killed,  sixty-eight  wounded.  Aggregate 
loss,  ninety-four.  Lieut.  II.  A.  L.  Fletcher,  while  gal 
lantly  rallying  his  men,  on  the  2d,  was  killed  by  a  bullet 
shot  through  the  head.  There  were  many  instances  of 
individual  bravery,  to  mention  any  of  which  would  seem 
to  do  injustice  to  others. 

The  rebel  army  having  retreated,  the  pursuit  again 
commenced  and  a  long  march  ensued.  At  Warrenton, 
on  the  26th  of  July,  the  Twelfth  was  ordered  to  report 
to  General  Marston,  at  Point  Lookout,  Maryland. 
From  the  llth  of  June  the  regiment  had  been  marching 
and  fighting  without  rest  of  a  single  day.  Many  of  the 
men  had  become  sick  from  over  exertion,  and  more  than 
half  of  the  remnant  of  the  regiment  were  without  shoes 
or  stockings,  their  feet  raw  from  exposure  to  the  sand 
and  sun,  and  their  clothing  was  literally  in  rags.  It 
marched  through  "Washington  and  arrived  at  Point 
Lookout  on  the  31st  of  July,  where  it  remained  guard 
ing  rebel  prisoners,  with  the  Second  and  Fifth  New 
Hampshire,  until  April,  1864.  "While  here  the  regiment 
received  three  hundred  and  fifty  recruits.  Four  hun 
dred  and  fifty  had  been  assigned  to  it,  but  one  hundred 
deserted  on  the  way  to  the  regiment. 

The  account  of  the  organization  of  General  Butler's 


474  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

army  at  Gloucester  and  Yorktown,  and  its  movements 
up  the  James ;  its  taking  position  at  Bermuda  Hundred; 
its  fighting  at  Drury's  Bluff,  and  its  expedition  in  assist 
ance  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  at  Cold  Harbor,  has 
been  so  fully  given  in  the  history  of  the  Second  and 
other  regiments  as  not  to  require  repetition  here.  At 
Drury's  Bluff  the  Twelfth  was  for  four  days  and  nights 
in  succession  in  the  front  line  without  being  relieved. 
On  the  16th  of  May  a  general  engagement  took  place, 
in  which  the  Twelfth  lost  two  enlisted  men  killed,  and 
thirty-two  wounded.  After  this  battle  the  regiment 
encamped  at  Bermuda  Hundred,  and  was  engaged  in 
building  the  defenses  of  that  place.  On  the  26th  of 
May  the  regiment  was  engaged  in  a  skirmish  at  Port 
Walthal,  in  which  two  men  were  mortally  wounded. 
At  Cold  Harbor,  on  the  3d  of  June,  the  Twelfth,  with 
its  brigade,  made  an  advance  across  an  open  field  upon 
the  enemy's  works,  in  which  it  lost  two  officers  killed 
and  six  wounded ;  thirty-eight  enlisted  men  killed  and 
one  hundred  and  nineteen  wounded.  Making  an  aggre 
gate  loss  of  one  hundred  and  sixty-five,  out  of  less  than 
three  hundred  taken  into  the  engagement.  Many  of 
the  wounded  were  left  upon  the  field  between  the  two 
lines  of  works,  not  more  than  seventy-five  yards  apart, 
for  three  days,  before  they  could  be  taken  away. — 
Twenty  of  the  dead  of  this  regiment  were  found  within 
five  yards  of  the  enemy's  works.  Captain  Shackford, 
who  had  previously  received  five  wounds,  was  severely 
wounded  on  this  occasion. 

On  the  15th  of  June  the  regiment  disembarked  at 
Bermuda  Hundred,  and  the  same  night  marched  to  the 
front  of  Petersburg,  and  on  the  next  day  formed  a  part 
of  the  line  which  carried  the  works.  For  seventy-two 
days  the  regiment  was  only  relieved  from  the  trenches 
to  take  part  in  the  battle  of  Cemetery  Hill,  at  the 
explosion  of  the  "  Mine,"  on  the  30th  of  July.  During 


TWELFTH  REGIMENT.  475 

this  time  three  officers  were  wounded,  two  enlisted  men 
killed  and  twenty-nine  wounded,  while  many  were  lost 
by  sickness  caused  by  the  burning  heat  of  the  sun  by 
day  and  the  dampness  of  the  trenches  by  night,  in  an 
unhealthy  locality. 

On  the  26th  of  August  the  Twelfth  was  relieved  from 
the  front  of  Petersburg,  and  moved  to  the  defenses  of 
Bermuda  Hundred,  where  it  joined  Colonel  Potter's 
reserve  brigade.  Colonel  Potter  who  was  wounded  and 
taken  prisoner  at  Chancellorsville,  was  exchanged  on 
the  13th  of  October,  1863,  but  being  unfit  for  field  duty 
was  on  detached  service  until  the  2d  of  September, 
1864,  when  he  joined  his  regiment  and  was  assigned 
to  the  command  of  a  provisional  brigade. 

On  the  17th  of  November  the  enemy  attacked  t}ie 
Union  picket  line,  and  in  the  engagement  which  ensued 
the  regiment  lost  one  officer  wounded  and  two  captured ; 
one  enlisted  man  killed,  six  wounded  and  thirty-five 
captured,  two  of  whom,  Sergeant  A.  "W.  Batchelder  and 
private  Benjamin  B.  Thompson,  escaped  from  Libby 
prison  on  the  night  of  the  7th  of  December,  and'  in 
eight  days  made  their  way  to  the  Union  lines. 

In  the  reorganization  of  the  Tenth  and  Eighteenth 
Army  Corps,  Colonel  Potter  was  assigned  to  the  com 
mand  of  the  Second  Brigade,  Third  Division,  Twenty- 
fourth  Army  Corps.  During  the  winter  of  1864-65 
the  Twelfth  Regiment  formed  a  part  of  the  line  in  front 
of  Richmond.  Here  they  constructed  winter  quarters 
which  were  pronounced  by  the  inspector  general  to  be 
the  best  in  the  Army  of  the  James. 

During  the  night  of  the  2d  of  April,  1865,  it  was 
evident  from  indications  in  front  that  some  unusual 
movements  were  going  on  within  the  enemy's  lines. 
General  Devens,  who  was  in  command,  gave  an  order  to 
advance  the  whole  line  at  the  first  break  of  day  on  the 
3d.  The  enemy's  guns  were  still  pointing  threateningly 


476  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

toward  the  Union  lines ;  their  tents  remained  the  same 
as  they  had  been  for  weeks,  and  every  thing  bore  the  same 
appearance,  yet  the  Union  troops  pressed  forward,  ex 
pecting  every  moment  the  rebels  would  open  fire  upon 
them  from  their  monster  guns.  They  met  with  no  oppo 
sition,  however,  as  they  passed  line  after  line  of  the  rebel 
works,  and  entered  Richmond,  the  birth-place  of  treason, 
about  eight  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  3d  of  April, 
1865.  The  Mayor  and  Council  had  formally  surrendered 
the  city  to  a  sq-uad  of  the  Fourth  Massachusetts  Cavalry, 
about  thirty  minutes  before  the  Twelfth  Regiment 
arrived,  in  command  of  Captain  H.  Q.  Sargent.  Captain 
Sargent  and  his  command  were  the  first  to  take  posses 
sion  of  Jeff.  Davis7  mansion.  The  rebels  had  kindled 
fiijes  in  several  places  and  the  city  was  saved  from  total 
destruction  only  through  the  efforts  of  Union  soldiers. 

The  regiment  remained  in  the  city  for  several  days, 
performing  provost  guard  duty,  when  it  moved  with  its 
brigade  across  the  James  river  to  Manchester,  where 
it  remained  until  May,  when  it  was  ordered  to  Danville, 
but  returned  to  Manchester,  where,  with  the  Tenth  and 
Thirteenth  New  Hampshire  Regiments,  it  was  mustered 
out  of  the  United  States  service,  on  the  21st  of  June, 
and  with  them,  under  command  of  General  Donohoe, 
started  the  next  day  for  home,  and  arrived  at  Concord 
on  the  27th.  On  the  3d  of  July  the  men  were  paid 
and  finally  discharged. 

For  fourteen  months  before  its  muster  out  the  regi 
ment  had  been  commanded  by  Colonel  Thomas  E. 
Barker,  a  most  gallant  and  faithful  officer,  of  whom 
it  should  be  recorded  that  during  the  active  campaign 
of  five  months  he  was  not  absent  from  his  regiment  a 
single  day.  Chaplain  T.  L.  Ambrose  was  wounded  in 
front  of  Petersburg  on  the  24th  of  July,  and  died  oi 
his  wounds  on  the  19th  of  August,  1864.  He  was  one 
of  the  most  noble,  brave  and  humane  men  in  the  army, 


TWELFTH  REGIMENT.  477 

and  by  his  many  acts  of  kindness  and  Christianity  had 
won  the  unbounded  respect  and  affection  of  every  man 
in  the  regiment.  It  was  said  of  him  that  "  A  braver 
man  never  lived ;  a  truer  man  never  wore  the  garb  of 
Christianity."  The  Twelfth  Regiment  contributed  its 
share  toward  the  proud  record  of  New  Hampshire  in 
the  war. 


478  TEE  GREAT  REBELLION. 


THIRTEENTH  REGIMENT. 


This  regiment  was  raised  under  the  same  call,  and 
about  the  same  time  as  the  four  preceding  ones,  and 
was  like  them  largely  composed  of  the  true  hearted, 
intelligent  and  patriotic  yeomanry  and  mechanics  of  the 
good  State  of  New  Hampshire,  who  appreciated  the 
great  struggle  in  which  the  country  was  engaged  and  the 
sacrifices  they  were  called  upon  to  make  to  insure  the 
triumph  of  the  cause  of  popular  liberty.  Eockingham, 
Hillsborough  and  Strafford  Counties  each  furnished  two 
companies,  and  Merrimack,  Carroll,  Grafton  and  Coos, 
one  each.  They  went  into  camp  at  Concord  the  fore 
part  of  September,  and  the  muster  of  the  regiment  into 
the  United  States  service  was  completed  on  the  23d  of 
of  that  month.  The  following  were  the  field,  staff  and 
company  officers,  with  the  official  record  of  each,  during 
the  term  of  service  of  the  regiment: 

FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

COLONEL — Aaron  F.  Stevens,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  severely  June  1,  1864.  Wounded  severely  Sept.  29,  1864.  Hon 
orably  discharged  Feb.  4,  1865.  Discharge  suspended.  Appointed  Brigadier 
General  U.  S.  V.,  by  brevet,  to  date  from  Dec.  8,  1864.  Mustered  out  as  Col 
onel  June  21,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonels — George  Bowers,  of  Nashua. 

Resigned  May  30,  1863. 

Jacob  I.  Storer,  of  Portsmouth. 

Honorably  discharged  May  28,  1864. 

William  Grantman,  of  Wakefield. 

Honorably  discharged  Oct.  16,  1864. 

Normand  Smith,  of  Stewartstown. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865 

Majors — Jacob  I.  Storer,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  June  1,  1863 


THIRTEENTH  REGIMENT.  479 

"William  Grantman,  of  Wakefield. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  July  1 5,  1864. 

Normand  Smith,  of  Stewartetown. 

Wounded  slightly  Sept.  29,  1864.    Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  July  15, 1864. 

Nathan  D.  Stoodley,  of  Peterborough. 

MusteredTout  June  21,  1865. 

Adjutants — George  H.  Gillis,  of  Nashua, 

Resigned  March  23,  1863. 

Nathan  B.  Boutwell,  of  Lyndeborough. 

Wounded  severely  June   15,  1864.     Honorably   discharged  for  disability 
May  5,  1865. 

George  H.  Taggard,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  18U6. 

Quartermasters — Person  C.  Cheeney,  of  Peterborough. 

Resigned  Aug.  6,^1863. 

Mortier  L.  Morrison,  of  Peterborough. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Surgeons — George  B.  Twitchell,  of  Keene. 

Resigned  March  24,  1863. 

Samuel  A.  Richardson,  of  Marlborough. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1863. 

Assistant  Surgeons — S.  A.  Richardson,  of  Marlborough. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  April  1,  1863. 

John  Sullivan,  Jr.,  of  Exeter. 

Honorably  discharged  Aug.  16,  1864. 

Ezekiel  Morrill,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  1st  N.  H.  H.  Art  Nov.  17,  1864. 

Horatio  N.  Small,  of  Lancaster. 

Promoted  to  Surgeon  10th  N.  H.  Vols.  Aug.  20,  1863. 

John  C.  Emery. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Chaplain — George  C.  Jones,  of  Nashua. 

Honorably  discharged  May  9,  1865. 

Sergeant  Majors — William  J.  Ladd,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Dec.  30,  1862. 

Charles  C.  Favor,  of  Boston,  Mass. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Nov.  28,  1863. 

James  M.  Hodgdon,  of  Rollinsford. 

Wounded  severely  Sept.  30, 1864.     Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  June  15, 1865. 

Quartermaster  Sergeants — M.  L.  Morrison  of  Peterboro'. 

Promoted  to  Quartermaster,  Aug.  12,  1863. 

Charles  A.  Ames,  of  Peterborough. 

Mastered  out  June  21,  1865. 


480  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Commissary  Sergeants — George  II.  Taggard,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  March  16,  1864. 

George  W.  Ferguson,  of  Monroe. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  15,  1864. 

George  Burns,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  June  15,  1865. 

Hospital  Stewards — John  J.  Whittemore. 

Discharged  for  disability  Nov.  22,  1862. 

Koyal  B.  Prescott,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  28,  1864. 

D.  W.  Butterfield,  of  Nashua, 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Principal  Musicians — Charles  C.  Hall,  of  Stratford. 

Died  of  disease  Jan.  22,  1865. 

Manson  S.  Brown  of  Campton. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 
COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

Co.  A. — Captains — William  Grantman,  of  Wakefield. 

Promoted  to  Major  June  1,  1863. 

Buel  C.  Carter,  of  Ossipee. 

Appointed  A.  Q.  M.  Vols.,  May  17,  1864. 

George  A.  Bruce,  of  Mont  Vernon. 

Wounded  slightly  Sept.  29,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lierits. — Buel  C.  Carter,  of  Ossipee. 

Wounded  severely  Dec.  13,  1862.     Promoted  to  Captain  June  1,  1863. 

Charles  B.  Gafney,  of  Ossipee. 

Wounded  severely  June  15,  1*864.     Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Charles  B.  Gafney,  of  Ossipee. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  1,  1863. 

Henry  Churchill,  of  Brookneld. 

Honorably  discharged  for  disability  Feb.  28,  1865. 

Co.  B.— Captains— Elisha  E.  Dodge,  of  Rollinsford. 

Wounded  severely  June  15,  1864.    'Died  of  wounds  June  22,  18G4. 

Marshall  Saunders,  of  Littleton. 

Wounded  slightly  Sept.  29,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — George  A.  Bruce,  of  Mont  Yernon. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  30,  1864. 

William  J.  Ladd,  of  Portsmouth. 

Wounded  severely  Sept.  29,  1864.  Appointed  Captain  U.  S.  V.,  by  brevet, 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services,  to  date  from  March  13,  1865.  Mustered 
out  as  First  Lieut.  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — N.  B.  Boutwell,  of  Lyndeboro'. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  March  24,  1863. 


THIRTEENTH  REGIMENT.  481 

Charles  M.  Kittridge,  of  Mont  Yernon. 

Resigned  Nov.  3,  1863. 

Charles  C.  Favor,  of  Boston,  Mass. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept.  5,  1864. 

Co.  C. — Captains — Charles  0.  Bradley,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  June  10,  1864. 

James  M.  Durell,  of  New  Market. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Charles  H.  Curtis,  of  Farmirigton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  28,  1864. 

Royal  B.  Fresco tt,  of  Nashua. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Rufus  P.  Staniels,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  20,  1863. 

"Wm.  H.  McConney,  of  Windham. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  18G5. 

Co.  D.  Captain — George  Fair,  of  Littleton. 

Wounded  severely  June  1,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Edward  Kilburn,  of  Littleton. 

Resigned  Jan.  24,  1863. 

Marshall  Saunders,  of  Littleton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  15,  1864. 

Rohert  R.  Thompson,  of  Stratford. 

Killed  in  action  at  Fort  Harrison,  Va.,  Sept.  29,  1864. 

Andrew  J.  Sherman,  of  Bethlehem. 

Mustered  out  June  21.  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Marshall  Saunders,  of  Littleton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  25,  1863. 

Andrew  J.  Sherman,  of  Bethlehem. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  Oct.  28,  1864. 

Co.  E. — Captain — George  N.  Julian,  of  Exeter. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  31,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — James  M.  Durell,  of  New  Market. 

Wounded  Dec.  13,  1862.     Wounded  slightly  June  3,  1864.     Promoted  to 
Captain  July  15,  1864. 

Oliver  M.  Sawyer,  of  Nashua. 

Honorably  discharged  March  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — H.  H.  Murray,  of  New  Market. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  20,  1863. 

S.  Millett  Thompson,  of  Durham. 

Wounded  severely  June  15,  1864.     Honorably  discharged  Oct.  4,  1864. 

Co.  F. — Captains — Lewis  H.  Buzzell,  of  Barrington. 

Killed  May  3,  1863, 


482  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Gustavus  A.  Forbush,  of  Peterborough. 

Killed  in  action  at  Fort  Harrison,  Va.,  Sept.  29,  1864. 

Charles  H.  Curtis,  of  Farmington. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Wm.  H.  H.  Young,  of  Barrington. 

Honorably  discharged  Feb.  2,  1864. 

Jonathan  Dustin,  of  Barrington. 

Honorably  discharged  Oct.  1,  1864. 

George  H.  Taggard,  of  Nashua. 

*"  Promoted  to  Adjutant  May  30,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts.— Hubbard  W.  Hall,  of  Stratford. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  1,  1863. 

Jonathan  Dustin,  of  Barrington. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  16,  1864. 

George  H.  Taggard,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  severely  June  3,  1864.  ^Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  28,  1864. 

Co.  G. — Captains — N.'  I).  Stoodley,  of  Peterborough. 

Promoted  to  Major  Oct.  28,  1864. 

Lewis  P.  Wilson,  of  Greenfield. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — G.  A.  Forbush,  of  Peterborough. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  5,  1863. 

Lewis  P.  Wilson,  of  Greenfield. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  2,  1865. 

Lucius  C.  Oliver,  of  New  Ipswich. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  March  1,  1866. 

Co.  H. — Captains — Normand  Smith,  of  Ste wartstowu. 

Promoted  to  Major  July  15,  1864. 

Rufus  P.  Staniels,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Albe  Holmes,  of  Stratford. 

Resigned  Feb.  19,  1863. 

Rufus  P.  Staniels,  of  Concord. 

Wounded  severely  June  1,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  July  15,  1864. 

George  W.  Ferguson,  of  Monroe. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Edward  Parker,  of  Nashua. 

Resigned  May  28,  1863. 

Robert  R,  Thompson,  of  Stratford. 

Wounded  severely  May  16,  1864.     Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  15, 1864. 

Co.  I. — Captains — Luther  M.  Wright,  of  Nashua. 

Resigned  Dec.  29,  1862. 

Enos  W.  Goss,  of  Portsmouth. 

Killed  in  action  Oct.  27,  1864. 


THIRTEENTH  REGIMENT.  483 

First  Lieuts.— Alfred  S.  Smith,  of  Pelham. 

Resigned  Nov.  14,  1862 

Major  A.  Shaw,  of  Nashua. 

Wounded  Dec.  13,  1862.     Resigned  April  29,  1863. 

Hubbard  W.  Hall,  of  Stratford. 

Wounded  severely  Sept.  29,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  March  1,  1865. 

Lucius  C.  Oliver,  of  New  Ipswich. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Major  A.  Shaw,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  Nov,  15,  1862. 

Oliver  M.  Sawyer,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  15,  1864. 

Henry  B.  Wheeler,  of  Peterborough. 

Wounded  slightly  Sept.  29,  1864.     Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

Co.  K. — Captains — Matthew  T.  Betton,  of  Portsmouth. 

Mustered  out  June  21,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Enoch  W.  Goss,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  30.  1862. 

Nathan  J.  Coffin,  of  Portsmouth. 

Resigned  June  9,  1863. 

Henry  II.  Murray,  of  New  Market. 

Captured  Oct.  27, 1864.  Paroled  Feb.  15,  1865.  Mustered  out  June  21,1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Nathan  J.  Coffin,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  30,  1862. 

William  J.  Ladd,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  30,  1864. 
GENERAL  AARON  FLETCHER  STEVENS. 

General  Stevens  was  born  at  Berry,  in  Rockingham 
County,  New  Hampshire,  August  9,  1819.  When  he 
was  quite  young  his  parents  removed  to  Peterborough, 
in  Hillsborough  County.  After  attending  the  public 
schools  of  Derry  and  Peterborough  he  received  a  good 
academic  education,  and  taught  school  several  terms. 
In  1838  he  removed  to  Nashua,  and  pursued  a  course  of 
study  for  three  years  with  industry  and  zeal,  calculated 
to  fit  him  for  the  active  duties  of  life.  In  1842  he  com 
menced  the  study  of  law  in  the  office  of  Hon.  George 
Y.  Sawyer,  an  eminent  member  of  the  Hillsborough 
County  bar,  and  since  one  of  the  Justices  of  the 


484  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Supreme  Judicial  Court  of  New  Hampshire.  In  1845 
he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  at  once  entered  into 
copartnership  with  Mr.  Sawyer,  soon  became  known  in 
his  own  and  adjoining  counties  as  an  able,  industrious 
and  careful  practitioner,  and  with  his  partner  com 
manded  an  extensive  business.  In  1856  Mr.  Stevens  was 
appointed  by  the  Governor  and  Council,  Solicitor  for 
Ilil  Isbo rough  County,  and  performed  the  responsible 
duties  of  th*e  position  with  faithfulness,  ability  and  suc 
cess  for  five  years,  and  until  the  rebellion  broke  out. 
In  the  prosecution  of  the  large  number  of  criminal 
cases  arising  in  that  county  he  met  the  ablest  lawyers  in 
the  State,  sustained  himself  with  credit  on  all  occasions, 
and  took  a  high  and  honorable  position  among  his  legal 
brethren.  In  1858  Mr.  Stevens  became  a  partner  of 
Hon.  Aaron  W.  Sawyer,  of  Nashua,  which  arrangement 
continued  until  the  former  entered  the  army,  to  aid  in 
the  suppression  of  a  most  wicked  rebellion. 

During  the  existence  of  the  Whig  party  Mr.  Stevens 
was  one  of  its  most  active  members.  In  1849  he  was 
elected  to  the  popular  branch  of  the  Legislature  from 
Nashua,  and  again  in  1854,  and  was  one  of  the  most 
industrious  and  useful  members  of  that  body.  He  was 
also  elected  to  the  Legislature  in  1856  and  1857,  taking 
a  leading  position  on  committees,  and  upon  the  floor,  as 
an  able,  earnest  and  pleasing  debater,  espousing  and 
maintaining  the  principles  of  the  Republican  party. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  "Whig  National  Convention  at 
Baltimore,  in  1852,  which  nominated  General  Winfield 
Scott  as  the  candidate  for  President. 

When  the  war  of  the  rebellion  broke  out,  in  April, 
1861,  Mr.  Stevens  was  among  the  first  men  in  the  State 
to  tender  his  services  to  the  Governor.  When  the  First 
Regiment  was  being  organized  he  was  tendered  and 
accepted  the  position  of  Major  of  it,  and  served  with 
that  organization  until  the  expiration  of  its  term  of 


THIRTEENTH  REGIMENT.  485 

enlistment,  with  credit  to  himself  and  the  State.  "When 
the  Thirteenth  Regiment  was  organized,  in  the  autumn 
of  1862,  Major  Stevens  was  commissioned  its  Colonel, 
went  with  it  to  the  field,  and  followed  its  fortunes  until 
the  end  of  the  war.  He  distinguished  himself  for 
gallantry,  courage,  coolness  and  skill  as  an  officer  on 
many  bloody  fields,  and  was  often  commended  by  his 
superior  officers.  In  the  assault  on  Fort  Harrison, 
September  29,  1864,  Colonel  Stevens  was  in  command 
of  a  brigade,  comprising  his  own  and  three -New  York 
regiments.  He  fell  severely  wounded  while  at  the 
head  of  his  brigade  and  within  a  few  yards  of  the 
fort,  where  he  remained  until  the  colors  of  his  command 
were  planted  upon  the  parapet  of  the  captured  work, 
and  was  then  carried  from  the  field.  For  his  gallant 
and  meritorious  conduct  in  this  and  other  engagements, 
Colonel  Stevens  was  appointed  Brigadier  General  United 
States  Volunteers,  by  brevet,  to  date  from  December  8, 
1864.  General  Burnham,  commanding  the  brigade  in 
the  attack  on  Petersburg,  June  15,  1864,  in  his  report 
of  the  affair  to  General  Brooks,  commanding  the  di 
vision,  said  "  I  desire  particularly  to  bring  to  your  favora 
ble  notice  Colonel  Aaron  F.  Stevens,  of  the  Thirteenth 
New  Hampshire  Volunteers,  both  for  his  personal  gallan 
try  in  charging  the  enemy's  works  on  the  15th,  and  for 
the  able  manner  in  which  he  handled  his  regiment  on 
that  occasion.  To  him  and  to  his  regiment  the  success 
which  was  achieved  is  due  in  a  very  great  measure,  and  I 
take  pleasure  in  recommending  him  for  promotion." 
This  recommendation  was  fully  and  heartily  endorsed  by 
General  Brooks  in  his  report  to  General  Smith,  com 
manding  the  Eighteenth  Army  Corps.  General  Stevens' 
military  record  is  identical  with  that  of  the  Thirteenth 
Regiment,  and  both  are  in  a  high  degree  honorable  to 
the  State. 

General  Stevens  was  nominated  as  a  candidate  foi 


486  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

member  of  Congress  from  the  Second  New  Hampshire 
District,  in  December,  1866,  and  was  elected  the  follow 
ing  March ;  and  was  elected  for  a  second  term  in  March, 
1869.  He  has  served  on  the  standing  committees  on 
Revolutionary  Claims,  arid  llTaval  Affairs,  and  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  special  committee  on  the  Treatment,  of  Union 
Prisoners.  As  at  the  bar  of  his  own  country,  in  the 
Legislature  of  his  own  State,  and  in  the  army  for  the 
suppression  of  the  rebellion,  so  in  Congress  has  General 
Stevens  maintained  a  high  and  honorable  position,  for 
his  industry  on  committees,  his  ability  in  debate,  and 
his  wisdom  as  a  statesman. 

On  the  5th  of  October,  1862,  the  Thirteenth  Regiment 
received  its  colors,  at  the  State  House,  from  the  hand  of 
Hon.  Allen  Tenny,  Secretary  of  State,  and  on  the 
following  day  left  for  Washington,  fully  armed  and 
equipped.  It  went  into  camp  near  Fort  Albany,  on  the 
south  side  of  the  Potomac,  where  it  remained  several 
weeks,  engaged  mostly  in  drill.  The  regiment  arrived 
at  Falmouth,  opposite  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  on  the  9th 
of  December,  and  was  assigned  to  the  First  Brigade, 
commanded  by  Colonel  Hawkins,  Third  Division,  Gen 
eral  Getty,  of  the  Mnth  Army  Corps,  then  commanded 
by  General  0.  B.  Wilcox. 

The  Thirteenth  crossed  the  Rappahannock  river,  with 
its  brigade,  on  the  llth,  and  held  the  lower  part  of  the 
city.  During  the  greater  .part  of  the  battle  on  the  13th, 
the  regiment  was  protected  from  the  guns  of  the  enemy 
by  a  bluff  under  which  it  was  stationed.  About  five 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon  General  Getty  was  ordered  to 
attempt  with  his  division  what  two  corps  had  failed  to 
accomplish,  and  had  been  repulsed  with  terrible  slaugh 
ter.  He  was  to  carry  the  batteries  on  Marye's  Height — 
the  most  formidable  position  in  the  enemy's  line.  The 
division  consisted  of  but  two  brigades — Hawkins'  and 


THIR  TEENTH  REGIMENT.  487 

Harland's.  The  former  posted  his  brigade  in  two  lines. 
The  Thirteenth  was  on  the  right  of  the  second  line. 
The  order  to  advance  was  obeyed  promptly.  The 
troops  moved  across  the  railroad  under  a  considerable 
fire  from  both  musketry  and  artillery,  and  charged  up 
the  steep  bank,  hoping  to  carry  the  works  which  crown 
ed  its  crest.  It  was  so  dark  that  the  line  was  consider 
ably  confused,  and,  receiving  a  terrific  volley  when 
within  a  few  rods  from  the  enemy,  and  the  point  aimed 
at,  the  regiments  were  broken  up  and  retreated  in  dis 
order.  The  lines  of  the  Tenth  and  Thirteenth  New 
Hampshire  were  immediately  reformed*  by  their  com 
manders,  expecting  to  renew  the  attack,  but  the  whole 
command  was  soon  ordered  to  retire  to  the  city.  The 
troops  recrossed  the  river  on  the  night  of  the  15th,  and 
the  regiment  returned  to  its  old  encampment.  During 
the  evacuation  of  the  city,  and  while  the  remainder  of 
the  division  retired  across  the  river,  the  Thirteenth  held 
the  Union  picket  line  along  the  railroad  and  on  both 
sides  of  Hazel  run.  Lively  firing  was  kept  up  during 
the  night  with  the  enemy's  pickets.  It  was  a  position 
of  responsibility  and  peril,  and  was  held  by  the  regi 
ment  until  three  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  16th, 
when  it  was  relieved  and  again  joined'  its  brigade.  In 
this  battle  the  Thirteenth  lost  three  ofiicers  and  thirty- 
nine  men  killed,  wounded  and  prisoners.  Captain  Car 
ter  and  Lieuts.  Durell  and  Shaw  were  slightly  wounded. 
This  was  the  first  time  the  regiment  had  met  the  enemy 
or  been  under  fire,  but  it  proved  the  coolness  and  gal 
lantry  of  the  officers  and  the  bravery  of  the  men. 

The  Thirteenth  shared  with  the  army  the  cold  and 
snow,  the  mud  and  exposure  of  Falmouth,  and  suffered 
severely  from  sickness  of  ofiicers  and  men.  It  moved 
with  the  Ninth  Corps  to  Newport  News,  in  February, 
1863,  and  on  the  13th  of  March,  with  the  division,  to 
Suffolk,  where  it  was  actively  engaged  in  the  defense  of 


488  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

that  place  against  the  siege  which  soon  followed,  and 
was  under  fire  most  of  the  time  for  four  weeks. 

On  the  3d  of  May  a  reconnoissance  was  ordered,  and 
the  Thirteenth  and  three  other  regiments,  with  some 
artillery  and  cavalry,  crossed  the  Nansemond  on  the 
Providence  Church  road,  and  in  their  advance  drove  in 
the  skirmishers  of  the  enemy,  who  retired  to  their  rifle- 
pits  in  the  edge  of  the  woods,  where  they  occupied  a 
line  more  than  half  a  mile  long.  Upon  this  the  Thir 
teenth,  with  a  part  of  the  Eighty-ninth  New- York, 
charged,  under  command  of  Colonel  Stevens,  and  car 
ried  the  works  at  the  point  of  the  bayonet,  the  killed 
and  wounded  of  the  enemy  falling  into  the  hands  of  the 
Union  troops.  The  enemy  were  driven  through  the 
woods,  and  a  strong  line  of  intrenchments,  heavily  gar 
risoned,  unmasked.  The  artillery  opened  a  sharp  fire 
upon  the  works,  which  was  briskly  replied  to,  the  fight 
lasting  until  dark.  The  same  night  the  enemy  withdrew 
from  his  position,  raised  the  siege  of  Suffolk,  and 
retreated  toward  Blackwater,  closely  followed  by  the 
Union  troops,  who  captured  a  large  number  of  prison 
ers.  The  regiment  was  particularly  complimented  for 
its  conduct  in  this  affair.  Its  loss  in  killed  and  wounded 
was  about  thirty.  Captain  Buzzell  was  killed,  and 
Lieut.  Murray  severely,  and  Captain  Stoodley  slightly, 
wounded. 

During  the  ensuing  summer  and  fall  the  reginent  was 
engaged  upon  the  fortifications  in  the  vicinity  of  Ports 
mouth,  doing  an  immense  amount  of  labor.  It  partici 
pated  in  General  Dix's  expedition  to  Hanover  Junction, 
in  June,  suffering  much  from  the  exposure  and  hardship 
of  the  march,  which  was  followed  after  its  return  to 
camp,  by  extraordinary  sickness  and  mortality.  Com 
panies  B  and  D  were  soon  after  placed  in  Fort  Tailing- 
hast,  in  the  line  of  defenses,  where  they  remained  until 
the  following  winter,  instructed  and  exercised  in  heavy 


THIR TEENTH  REGIMENT.  489 

artillery.  The  regiment  passed  the  winter  in  comforta 
ble  quarters,  erected  by  the  men,  doing  but  little  severe 
duty.  During  the  fall  and  winter  the  regiment  received 
an  accession  of  two  hundred  and  forty  recruits,  many  of 
whom  were  substitutes. 

For  the  campaign  of  1864  the  regiment  was  organized 
with  the  Second  Brigade  and  First  Division  of  the 
Eighteenth  Army  Corps.  The  brigade  was  composed 
of  the  Tenth  and  Thirteenth  New  Hampshire,  Eighth 
Connecticut,  and  Hundred  and  Eighteenth  New  York, 
under  command  of  Brigadier  General  Hiram  Burnharn, 
formerly  colonel  of  the  Sixth  Maine.  The  Eighteenth 
Corps  was  under  command  of  Major  General  "W.  F. 
Smith.  From  Yorktown  the  corps  moved  up  the  James 
river,  landed  at  Bermuda  Hundred,  and  on  the  7th  of 
May  the  Thirteenth  was  engaged  with  the  enemy 
on  the  "Walthal  railroad;  and  on  the  9th  and  10th 
fought  them  at  Swift  creek,  near  Petersburg,  driving 
them  across  the  creek,  and  losing  in  these  operations 
several  men  killed  and  wounded.  On  the  12th  it  again 
met  the  enemy  on  the  Richmond  and  Petersburg  turn 
pike,  drove  them  toward  Richmond,  capturing  several 
prisoners;  on  the  13th  and  14th  drove  them  across 
Kingsland  creek  from  their  rifle-pits  and  intrenchments, 
and  capturing  their  outer  line  %>f  works  at  Drury's 
Bluff.  The  regiment  was  constantly  under  fire,  a  por 
tion  of  it  being  night  and  day  on  the  skirmish  line,  with 
the  remainder  in  support.  The  position  in  the  captured 
works  assigned  to  the  Thirteenth,  being  on  the  extreme 
left  of  the  brigade,  with  the  Tenth  New  Hampshire 
joining  it  on  the  right,  was  held  until  the  morning  of 
the  16th,  when  Beauregard,  with  thirty  thousand  troops, 
in  the  dense  fog,  attacked  General  Butler's  line,  and 
surprised  and  routed  General  Heckman's  command  on 
the  right,  forcing  it  back.  The  attack  commenced 
about  four  o'clock,  but  the  tenth  and  Thirteenth  were 


490  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

under  arms  and  prepared  to  receive  the  enemy.  The 
day  previous  General  Burnham  hacfe  caused  wires  to 
be  stretched  along  the  front  of  his  command,  fastened 
to  stumps,  and  about  a  foot  from  the  ground.  The 
rebels  made  a  fierce  attack  on  the  skirmishers  in  front 
of  the  two  New  Hampshire  Regiments,  and  forced  them 
to  retire ;  but  they  were  soon  rallied,  and  their  line 
reformed  and  held,  until  the  enemy,  being  re-enforced, 
massed  his  troops  directly  in  front  of  the  Thirteenth, 
and  advanced  to  the  assault  of  its  position,  in  three 
lines,  forcing  the  skirmishers  to  retire  to  the  main  body. 
The  enemy  emerged  from  the  woods  and  moved  forward 
evenly  under  a  hot  and  deliberate  fire.  When  the 
enemy  reached  the  wire  his  lines  were  entirely  broken, 
when  some  fled  and  others  threw  down  their  arms. 
Each  successive  line  was  broken  as  soon  as  it  reached 
the  wire,  and  met  the  same  fate  as  the" first.  The  attack 
was  handsomely  repulsed  by  the  Thirteenth,  aided  by 
the  oblique  fire  of  the  Tenth.  The  enemy  made  two 
like  attemps  to  carry  the  position,  but  were  each  time 
repulsed  with  heavy  loss.  The  Thirteenth  took  fifty- 
nine  prisoners,  principally  from  the  Forty-fourth  Ten 
nessee  and  North  Carolina  regiments,  including  the 
Adjutant  General  of  Bushrod  Johnson.  About  nine 
o'clock  peremptory  orders  were  received  from  the  di 
vision  commander  to  retire,  the  right  and  left  of  the  line 
having  fallen  back,  and  they  were  reluctantly  obeyed. 
The  loss  of  the  regiment  in  these  operations  toward 
Petersburg  and  Richmond,  was  thirty-one  killed, 
wounded  and  prisoners.  Lieut.  R.  R.  Thompson  was 
wounded  severely  while  on  the  picket  line. 

The  regiment  with  its  corps  arrived  at  Cold  Harbor 
on  the  1st  of  June,  and  on  the  afternoon  of  that  day 
engaged  the  enemy,  advancing  under  a  terrific  fire  of 
artillery  and  musketry,  gaining  and  holding  an  advanced 
position  commanding  the  enemy's  works.  Tlr  Thir- 


THIRTEENTH  REGIMENT.  491 

teentli  was  in  front  of  its  brigade,  and  lost  heavily — 
sixty  officers  and  men  having  fallen  in  less  than  five 
minutes.  Colonel  Stevens  and  Captain  Goss  were 
slightly,  and  Captain  Fair  and  Lieut,  Staniels,  severely 
wounded.  On  the  3d,  the  day  of  the  main  battle  at 
Cold  Harbor,  the  regiment  was  in  front  of  and  near  the 
enemy's  lines  and  under  fire,  suffering  severely,  but  was 
not  ordered  to  attack.  Lieut.  George  H.  Taggard  was 
severely  wounded,  and  Lieut.  J.  M.  Durell  received  a 
slight  wound  in  the  neck.  In  subsequent  operations  at 
Cold  Harbor  the  regiment  was  constantly  on  duty  at  the 
front,  losing  several  men,  among  whom  was  Captain 
Julian,  slightly  wounded.  The  total  casualties  of  the 
regiment  at  Cold  Harbor  were:  officers  wounded,  six; 
men  killed,  fourteen;  wounded  and  prisoners,  sixty -four; 
total  eighty-four. 

ATTACK  ON  PETERSBURG. 

On  the  15th  of  June,  in  an  attack  upon  Petersburg, 
the  Thirteenth,  under  Colonel  Stevens,  covered  the 
front  of  its  whole  division,  and  behaved  so  bravely  as 
to  call  forth,  in  the  reports  of  the  generals  commanding 
the  brigade  and  division  especial  commendation.  Gen 
eral  Burnham,  in  his  report,  said :  "  I  threw  my  skir 
mishers  forward,  and  assaulting  their  line,  advancing  on 
the  double-quick,  under  a  severe  musketry  and  artillery 
fire.  My  line  dashed  across  the  open  field  to  the  ene 
my's  '  French  rifle-pits,'  which  they  captured  with  the 
entire  force  that  occupied  them.  Nearly  a  hundred 
prisoners  were  captured  here  and  were  hastily  sent  to 
the  rear,  a  portion  of  them  guarded  by  men  from  the 
Thirteenth  New  Hampshire,  while  others  were  probably 
driven  to  the  rear  without  any  guard  whatever.  Colonel 
Stevens  then  moved  the  line  forward,  and  still  encoun 
tering  a  severe  fire,  they  dashed  across  the  open  plain, 


492  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

through  the  ravine  and  up  to  the  enemy's  formidable 
works,  assaulting  and  capturing  battery  No.  5  in  a  gal 
lant  manner.  Captains  E.  W.  Goss,  George  IN".  Julian 
and  N".  D  Stoodley,  of  the  Thirteenth  New  Hampshire, 
were  among  the  first  to  enter  the  battery,  and  to  them 
the  officers  commanding  it  surrendered.  Lieut.  Colonel 
Council,  of  the  Twenty-sixth  Virginia  regiment,  Major 
Beatty,  and  another  Major,  name  unknown,  surrendered 
their  swords  to  Captain  Julian,  while  Captain  Sturte- 
vant,  commanding  the  field  battery  which  was  captured, 
surrendered  his  sword  to  Captain  Stoodley.  The  Thir 
teenth  captured  in  this  work  one  color,  five  pieces  of 
artillery  and  about  one  hundred  prisoners.  The  number 
of  prisoners  captured  in  the  whole  affair  could  not  have 
been  less  than  two  hundred."  Immediately  after  the 
fort  was  entered  by  the  Thirteenth,  the  captured  guns, 
were,  by  order  of  Colonel  Stevens,  turned  and  fired  on 
the  retreating  enemy.  The  loss  of  the  regiment  was 
heavy.  Captain  E.  E.  Dodge,  a  gallant  officer,  fell 
mortally  wounded  before  the  works  were  reached,  and 
died  in  hospital  seven  days  after.  Adjutant  Boutwell 
and  Lieut.  Gafney  were  dangerously  wounded  in  front 
of,  and  near  the  works,  while  gallantly  pressing  forward 
in  the  assault.  The  whole  number  of  killed  and 
wounded,  in  the  operations  of  the  day,  was  forty-nine, 
the  regiment  going  into  action  with  fifteen  officers  and 
one  hundred  and  eighty-nine  muskets.  Two  rebel  flags, 
one  taken  by  Sergeant  James  B,.  Morrison,  of  Company 
K,  the  other  by  Corporal  Peter  Mitchell,  of  the  same 
company,  were  sent  by  Colonel  Stevens  to  the  Governor 
of  New  Hampshire. 

The  Thirteenth  remained  in  front  of  Petersburg  until 
the  27th  of  August.  At  the  explosion  of  the  "  Mine," 
on  the  30th  of  July,  the  brigade  held  the  outer  position 
of  the  Union  works  in  front  of  the  "  crater"  for  two 
days  after  the  other  troops  had  retired.  On  the  25th  of 


THIRTEENTH  REGIMENT.  493 

Jub  he  regiment  was  transferred  to  the  First  Brigade 
of  tne  division,  and  Colonel  Stevens  was  assigned  to  its 
command,  which  he  retained  until  the  assault  on  Fort 
Harrison,  on  the  29th  of  September.  This  was  a 
formidable  work  in  the  enemy's  line,  at  Chapin's 
Farm,  half  a  mile  from  the  north  bank  of  the  James 
river,  and  about  six  miles  from  Richmond.  To  the  First 
Division,  commanded  by  Brigadier  General  Stannard, 
of  Vermont,  was  assigned  the  duty  of  assaulting  and 
capturing  this  work.  The  division  came  upon  the 
enemy's  pickets  at  daylight  on  the  morning  of  the  29th, 
and  skirmishing  at  once  commenced.  The  details  of 
this  engagement  have  been  given  in  the  history  of  the 
Tenth  Regiment. 

On  the  next  day,  the  30th,  the  enemy  attempted  to  re 
take  the  fort,  making  four  assaults  upon  the  lines  estab 
lished  by  the  Union  troops,  but  was  each  time  repulsed 
with  terrible  slaughter.  In  these  assaults  the  Thirteenth 
received  the  enemy  in  open  ground.  Of  their  part  in 
these  operations,  the  official  report  of  Lieut.  Colonel 
Smith,  gives  the  following  account:  "On  the  morn 
ing  of  the  30th  the  regiment  was  again  moved  into  the 
fort  and  placed  at  work  on  the  left,  where  we  were  when 
it  was  found  the  enemy  were  massing  on  the  right,  when 
we  were  moved  to  the  extreme  right  of  the  fort,  our 
rigbt  resting  on  the  intrenchments.  About  twenty 
minutes  afterward  the  enemy  made  the  attack.  The 
regiment  was  almost  entirely  unprotected  during  the 
engagement,  but  never  flinched,  and  kept  up  a  de 
structive  fire  upon  the  advancing  enemy,  who  were  re 
pulsed  in  every  attempt  to  recapture  the  fort.  After  the 
repulse  of  the  enemy,  Captain  Goss,  Company  I,  com 
manding  sharpshooters,  captured  the  colors  of  three  regi 
ments  of  Clingman's  brigade,  with  several  prisoners." 

The  conduct  of  the  officers  and  men  of  the  Thirteenth 
on  these  two  days  was  superb.  But  again  its  loss  was 


494  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

severe.  More  than  one-half  the  command  which  left 
camp  on  the  night  of  the  28th,  had  melted  away  under 
the  fire  of  the  enemy.  Two  officers  and  thirteen  men 
were  killed,  and  seven  officers  and  fifty-nine  men  wound 
ed.  Captain  Forbush  and  Lieut.  R,  E.  Thompson,  both 
brave  officers,  were  killed  in  the  assault  and  capture  of 
the  fort.  Colonel  Stevens  fell  severely  wounded  in  the 
assault,  while  at  the  head  of  his  regiment  and  brigade, 
and  within  a  few  yards  of  the  fort.  Lieut.  Colonel 
Smith,  Captains  Saunders  and  Bruce,  and  Lieuts.  Ladd, 
Hall  and  Wheeler,  were  wounded. 

The  Thirteenth  was  assigned  as  a  part  of  the  garrison 
to  Fort  Harrison,  now  called  Fort  Burnham,  in  honor 
of  General  Burnham,  who  lost  his  life  in  its  capture. 
It  participated  with  its  division  in  the  movement  to 
the  Williamsburg  road,  on  the  27th  of  October,  but  was 
held  in  reserve,  and  its  list  of  casualties  was  small.  It 
returned  to  Fort  Harrison  the  next  day.  In  the  re 
organization  of  the  Army  of  the  James,  in  December, 
the  Thirteenth  was  assigned  to  the  First  Brigade  of 
the  Third  Division  of  the  Twenty-fourth  Corps,  with 
which  it  served  until  its  muster  out  of  the  service. 
During  the  winter  furlough  prizes  were  offered  to  the 
best  soldier  in  each  division.  Sergeant  Shattuck,  of 
Company  B,  Thirteenth  New  Hampshire,  received  the 
first  furlough  granted,  in  a  division  of  over  six  thousand 
men,  and  during  the  winter  the  regiment  carried  off  a 
very  large  portion  of  the  furlough  prizes. 

The  Thirteenth  Regiment  participated  in  the  final 
movement  upon  Richmond,  on  the  3d  of  April,  1865. 
General  Devens,  commanding  the  division,  in  a  '°»m- 
plimentary  letter  to  Governor  Smyth,  of  this  State, 
dated  at  Richmond,  June  22,  1865,  speaking  of  the 
Tenth,  Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  regiments,  says :  "  On 
the  formation  of  the  Twenty-fourth  Corps,  all  these 
regiments  formed  a  part  of  the  Third  Division,  to  which 


THIRTEENTH  REGIMENT.  495 

they  have  until  now  belonged,  and  were  of  the  first 
column  that  entered  Richmond  on  the  morning  of  April 
3d,  1865,  the  Thirteenth  New  Hampshire  being  the  first 
regiment  of  the  army  whose  colors  were  brought  into 
the  city."  The  Thirteenth  was  mustered  out  of  the 
United  States  service  on  the  22d  of  June,  and  came  home 
with  the  Tenth  and  Twelfth,  under  command  of  Brevet 
Brigadier  General  Donohoe.  Arrived  at  Nashua,  the 
officers  of  the  brigade  assembled  at  the  Indian  Head 
House  and  Captain  George  A.  Bruce,  of  the  Thirteenth, 
upon  the  staff  of  General  Donohoe,  in  their  behalf, 
presented  General  Aaron  F.  Stevens,  their  old  and 
esteemed  commander,  a  saber,  sash  and  belt,  suitable  to 
his  rank.  The  General  accepted  the  gift  in  a  handsome 
and  feeling  speech,  after  which  he  reviewed  the  brigade, 
and  it  appeared  so  well  as  to  receive  the  warmest  en 
comiums  of  thousands  of  spectators  who  witnessed  it. 

Authority  was  received  from  the  general  command 
ing  the  army  for  the  Thirteenth  Regiment  to  inscribe 
upon  its  colors  the  names  and  dates  of  the  following 
engagements  : 

Fredericksburg,  December  13,  1862. 
Siege  of  Suffolk,  April  and  May,  1863. 
Walthal  Road,  May  7,  1864. 
Swift  Creek,  May  9  and  10,  1864. 
Kingsland  Creek,  May  12  and  13,  1864. 
Drury's  Bluff,  May  14  and  16,  1864. 
Cold  Harbor,  June  1  and  3,  1864. 
Battery  5,  Petersburg,  June  15,  1864. 
Battery  Harrison,  September  29  and  30,  1864. 

The  regiment  was  paid  off  and  finally  discharged  at 
Concord  on  the  1st  of  July,  1865.  Its  record  while  in 
the  service  is  a  better  commendation  than  words. 


496  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

FOURTEENTH  REGIMENT. 


The  Fourteenth  was  the  last  of  the  three  years'  regi 
ments  raised  in  New  Hampshire.  Like  those  which 
had  preceded  it,  this  regiment  was  composed  of  the 
intelligent  and  patriotic  young  men  of  the  State,  who 
enlisted  from  a  sense  of  duty  to  the  country.  It  was 
filled  mostly  with  residents  of  the  four  western  counties. 
Cheshire  County  furnished  four  companies,  while  Sulli 
van,  Grafton,  Coos,  Carroll,  Merrimack  and  Hills- 
borough  Counties  furnished  one  Company  each.  The 
regiment  was  organized  at  Concord,  and  its  muster  into 
the  United  States  service  was  completed  on  the  24th  of 
September,  1862.  The  following  were  its  field,  staff 
and  company  officers,  with  the  official  record  of  each : 

FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

COLONELS — Robert  "Wilson,  of  Keene. 

Honorably  discharged  Sept  6,  1864. 

Alexander  Gardiner,  of  Claremont. 

Wounded  severely  Sept.  19,  1864.     Died  of  wounds  Oct.  8,  1864. 

Carroll  D.  Wright,  of  Swanzey. 

Honorably  discharged  March  18,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonels — Tileston  A.  Barker,  of  Westmoreland. 

Honorably  discharged  Feb.  5,  1865. 

Oliver  H.  Marston,  of  Sandwich. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Majors — Samuel  A.  Duncan,  of  Plainfield. 

Resigned  Sept.  10,  1863,  to  accept  Colonelcy  in  a  colored  regiment. 

Alexander  Gardiner,  of  Claremont,  - 

Promoted  to  Colonel  Sept.  12,  1864. 

Flavel  L.  Tolman,  of  Rindge. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Adjutants — Alexander  Gardiner,  of  Claremont. 

Promoted  to  Major,  Sept.  12,  1863. 


FOURTEENTH  REGIMENT.  4U7 

Carroll  D.  Wright,  of  Swanzey. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  Dec.  6,  1864. 

L.  Warren  Wright,  of  Richmond. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865 

Quartermasters — William  A.  Heard,  of  Sandwich. 

Resigned  Oct.  15,  1863. 

Charles  F.  Webster,  of  Jaffrey. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Surgeon — William  Henry  Thayer,  of  Keene. 

Mustered  out  July  8, 1865. 

Ass't  Surgeons — Marshall  Perkins,  of  Marlow. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Franklin  C.  Weeks,  of  Chester. 

Died  of  disease  at  New  England  Kooms,  New  York  City,  March  28,  1864. 

Chaplain— Elihu  T.  Rowe,  of  Plainfield. 

Resigned  July  20,  1863 

Sergeant  Majors — William  H.  Bryant,  of  Plainfield. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Sept.  20,  1863 

J.  Henry  Jenks,  of  Keene. 

Killed  at  Cedar  Creek,  Va.,  Oct.  19,  1864. 

John  L.  King,  of  Hinsdale. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  4,  1865. 

John  Leathers,  of  JaiFrey. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Quartermaster  Sergeants — Albert  F.  Hussey,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  22,  1864. 

B.  Frank  Fellows,  of  Sandwich. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Commissary  Sergeants — Milton  S.  Howe. 

Died  of  disease,  at  Offutt's  Cross  Roads,  Md.,  Nov.  24,  1862. 

James  W.  Russell,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Jan.  4,  1865. 

Moses  Wadleigh,  of  Weare. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Hospital  Stewards — George  D.  Richardson,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  4,  1865. 

Charles  Hastings. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865 

Principal  Musicians — Henry  M.  Staples,  of  Keene. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865 

George  A.  Day,  of  Keene. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865 


498  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS.  * 

Co.  A. — Captains — Frank  T.  Barker,  of  Westmoreland. 

Honorably  discharged  April  27,  1864. 

Nathaniel  L.  Chandler,  of  Xewburv. 

Died  of  disease  at  Bradford,  N.  H.,  Sept.  11,  1864. 

George  F.  Blanchard,  of  Ilopkinton. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Charles  P.  Hall,  of  Westmoreland. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  19,  1864. 

Henry  S.  Paull,  of  Claremont. 

Killed  near  Winchester,  Va.,  Sept  19,  1864. 

L.  Warren  Wright,  of  Richmond. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  Jan  4,  1865. 

Charles  G.  Howard,  of  Winchester. 

Mustered  out  July  8, 1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Xorman  Howe,  of  Hinsdale. 

Honorably  discharged  Nov.  3,  1863. 

Henry  S.  Paull,  of  Claremont. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  19,  1864. 

L.  Warren  Wright,  of  Richmond. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  22,  1864. 

Co.  B. — Captains — John  J.  Johnson,  of  Walpole. 

Honorably  discharged  Nov.  3,  1863. 

William  A.  Fosgate,  of  Winchester. 

KiUed  near  Winchester,  Va.,  Sept.  19,  1864. 

David  A.  McCurdy,  of  Webster. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  1864.     Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Artemas  Adams,  of  Walpole. 

Resigned  April  1,  1863. 

Charles  E.  Holbrook,  of  Charlestown. 

Honorably  discharged  April  23,  1864. 

David  A.  McCurdy,  of  Webster. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  22,  1864. 

George  D.  Richardson,  of  Keene. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865 

Second  Lieuts. — C.  E.  Holbrook,  of  Charlestown. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  4,  1863. 

Henry  E.  Barrett,  of  Charlestown. 

Discharged  March  22,  1864. 

Artemas  B.  Colburn,  of  Richmond. 

Killed  at  Winchester,  Va.,  Sept.  19,  1864. 


FO  UR TEENTH  REGIMENT.  499 

Co.  C. — Captains — Amos  D.  Combs,  of  Swanzey. 

Dismissed  Nov.  14,  1863. 

Charles  P.  Hall,  of  Westmoreland. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Ira  Berry,  jr.,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct  1,  1863. 

John  K  Bruce,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  4,  1865. 

John  L.  King,  of  Hinsdale. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Carroll  D.  "Wright,  of  Swanzey. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  Sept.  20,  1863. 

George  F.  Blanchard,  of  Hopkinton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  19,  1864. 

Franklin  Wheeler,  of  Milan. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  22,  1864, 

Co.  D. — Captain— Caleb  W.  Hodgdon,  of  Weare. 

Mustered  out  July  S,  1865.  * 

First  Lieuts. — Stark  Fellows,  of  East  "Weare. 

Resigned  Sept.  4,  1863. 

Walter  H.  Sargent,  of  Webster. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  1864.^  Honorably  discharged  Jan,  18,  1865. 

Charles  0.  Cragin,  of  Dublin. 

Mustered  out  Julj  8,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  X.  Brown,  of  Seabrook. 

Resigned  March  9,  1863. 

William  H.  Bryant,  of  Plainlield. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  19,  1864. 

Russell  F.  Smith,  of  Hinsdale. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Co.  E. — Captains — Freedom  M.  Rhodes,  of  Lancaster. 

Resigned  July  23,  1863. 

Flavel  L.  Tolman,  of  Rindge. 

Promoted  to  Major  Dec.  6,  1864. 

John  ^.  Bruce,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — William  Cobleigh,  of  Hanover. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  22,  1864. 

Franklin  Wheeler,  of  Milan. 

Mustered  out  July  8, 1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  E.  Willis,  of  Gorham. 

Resigned  Sept.  16,  1863. 

Jesse  A.  Fiske,  of  Dublin. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  May  27,  1864. 


500  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Asa  W.  Richardson,  of  Cornish. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  4,  1866. 

James  W.  Russell,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  17,  1865. 

Co.  F. — Captains — Theodore  A.  Ripley,  of  Winchester 

Mustered  out  May  15,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Stephen  Phelps,  of  Winchester. 

Resigned  Jan.  20,  1864 

George  F.  Blan chard,  of  Hopkinton. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  22, 1864. 

Elbridge  D.  Iladley,  of  Deering. 

Transferred  "from  Co.  H,  Nov.  22,  1864.     Transferred  to  Co.  I. 

Asa  W.  Richardson,  of  Cornish. 

Honorably  discharged  July  27,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Wm.  A.  Fosgate,  of  Winchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  2,  1863. 

Elbridge  D.  Iladley,  of  Deering. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  6,  1864. 

Marcus  M.  Holmes,  of  Dunbarton. 

Transferred  from  Co.  II,  July  6,  1864.     Not  mustered.     Promoted  to  First 
Lieut.  Nov.  22,  1864. 

Co.  G. — Captains — Solon  A.  Carter,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  Assistant  Adjutant  General  of  Vols.  July  3,  1864,  with  rank 
of  captain. 

John  W.  Sturtevant,  of  Keene. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

First  Lieuts.— C.  Fred  Webster,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  Quartermaster  Oct.  16.  1863. 

Flavel  L.  Tolman,  of  Rindge. 

Promoted  to"  Captain  Jan.  1,  1864. 

John  W.  Sturtevant,  of  Keene. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  1864.     Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  4,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Spencer  L.  Bailey,  of  Jaffrey. 

Resigned  Feb.  18,  1863. 

Flavel  L.  Tolman,  of  Rindge. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  17,  1863. 

John  W.  Sturtevant,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan  1,  1864. 

Edward  B.  Howard,  of  Alstead. 

Dishonorably  discharged  May  1,  1865. 

James  H.  Hunt,  of  Stoddard. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Co.  H. — Captains — William  E.  Bunton,  of  Dunbarton. 

Discharged  Sept.  25,  1863. 


FO  UR  TEEN  Til  REGIMENT.  501 

Ira  Berry,  jr.,  of  Keene. 

Wounded  Sept.  19,  1864.     Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Albert  H.  Sawyer,  of  Weare. 

Discharged  Sept.  25,  1863. 

William  A.  Fosgate,  of  Winchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  19,  1864. 

William  H.  Bryant,  of  Plainfield. 

Honorably  discharged  May  20,  1864. 

Marcus  M.  Holmes,  of  Dumbarton. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Walter  II.  Sargent,  of  Webster. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  1,  1863. 

David  A.  McCurdy,  of  Webster. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  May  27,  1864. 

Co.  I. — Captains — Sylvester  M.  Bugbee,  of  Cornish. 

Resigned  Dec.  17,  1862. 

William  H.  Chaffin,  of  Claremont. 

Killed  near  Winchester,  Va.,  Sept.  19,  1864. 

William  Cobleigh,  of  Hanover. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Nathan'l  L.  Chandler,  of  Newbury. 

Promoted  to  Captain  May  27,  1864. 

George  H.  Stone,  of  Maryborough. 

Wounded  Sept.  19, 1864.     Died  of  wounds'Sept.  25,  1864. 

Second  Lieuts. — D.  J.  Pillsbury,  of  Grantham. 

Died  of  typhoid  fever  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  Aug.  11,  1863. 

George  H.  Stone,  of  Marlborough. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.^May  27,  1864. 

Henry  P.  Page,  of  Center  Harbor. 

Mustered  out  May  15,  1865. 

Co.  K. — Captain — Oliver  H.  Marston,  of  Sandwich. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  March  24,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Jason  D.  Snell,  of  Pembroke. 

Died  of  quick  consumption,  at  Carrollton,  La.,  April  26,  18C4. 

Jesse  A.  Fiske,  of  Dublin. 

Killed  near  Winchester,  Va.,  Sept.  19,  1864. 

Albert  F.  Hussey,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — M.  S.  Webster,  of  Sandwich. 

Died  at  Sandwich,  N.  H.,  of  wounds  received  at  Winchester,  Va.,  Sept.  19, 
1864. 

Octavius  C.  Mason,  of  Sandwich. 

Mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 


502  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 


COLONEL  ROBERT  WILSOft. 

Colonel  Robert  Wilson  was  born  at  Peterborough, 
Hillsborough  County,  New  Hampshire,  September  24th, 
1811.  His  father,  Hon.  James  Wilson,  a  lawyer  of  con 
siderable  distinction,  removed  to  Keene  in  November, 
1814.  Colonel  Wilson  graduated  at  Amherst  College, 
Massachusetts,  in  1832.  He  was  commissioned  Captain 
of  the  Keene  Light  Infantry  in"  September,  1833,  soon 
after  the  visit  of  that  company  to  Concord  to  receive 
General  Andrew  Jackson.  In  1836  and  1837  he  com 
manded  the  Twentieth  Regiment,  New  Hampshire 
Militia,  and  was  then  Division  Inspector,  under  his 
brother,  James  Wilson,  who  was  Major  General  of  the 
Third  Division.  In  1847  he  again  took  command  of  the 
Keene  Light  Infantry  for  a  season,  to  assist  in  resusci 
tating  it.  Early  in  the  summer  of  1861  Colonel  Wilson 
was  offered  the  command  of  one  of  the  regiments  being 
raised  in  New  Hampshire  for  the  war,  but  was  unable, 
for  private  reasons,  to  accept  it.  In  August,  1862,  he 
notiiied  the  Governor  that  if  he  would  give  him  a  full 
regiment  he  would  go  into  the  service.  The  reply  was 
a  Colonel's  commission  for  the  Fourteenth  Regiment, 
which  was  to  be  the  last  of  the  three  years'  regiments  sent 
from  the  State,  and  which  was  expected  to  be  a  very  large 
one.  At  one  time  the  returns  from  the  different  enlist 
ing  officers  showed  a  list  of  nineteen  hundred  men  await 
ing  orders.  When  they  reported  at  Concord  there  was 
such  an  avalanche  of  men,  with  no  arms  and  no  equip 
ments  ready  to  furnish  them,  that  many  enlisting  officers 
were  permitted  to  tear  up  their  papers  and  let  the  men  go 
without  being  called  upon.  Indeed  so  late  as  October, 
1862,  there  were  thousands  of  men  throughout  the  coun 
try,  enlisted  and  organized  into  regiments  and  doing 
duty  with  clubs,  awaiting  clothing  and  arms,  but  the 


FOURTEENTH  REGIMENT.  503 

government  had  none  to  furnish.  Rather  than  go  to 
"Washington  without  arms,  Colonel  Wilson  picked  out  of 
a  lot  of  old  state  arms  enough  flint  lock  guns,  altered 
into  percussions,  to  arm  one  thousand  men.  These  were 
very  inferior  guns,  more  dangerous  to  the  men  bearing 
them  than  to  the  enemy.  It  \vas  not  until  June,  1863, 
that  they  were  replaced  by  Springfield  rifled  muskets. 
Colonel  Wilson  continued  in  command  of  the  Four 
teenth  Regiment,  being  very  careful  of  the  health  and 
comfort  of  his  men,  and  enjoying  their  respect  and  con 
fidence,  until  the  early  part  of  September,  1864,  when, 
on  account  of  ill  health,  induced  by  the  climate  and  the 
exposure  of  camp  life,  he  resigned,  and  was  honorably 
discharged.  Colonel  Wilson  was  elected  a  member 
from  Keene  of  the  popular  branch  of  the  New  Hamp 
shire  Legislature  in  1868  and  1869,  and  was  both  years 
chairman  of  the  standing  committee  on  Military  Affairs. 

COLONEL  ALEXANDER  GARDINER. 

Colonel  Gardiner  was  born  in  the  State  of  New  York 
in  1833 ;  graduated  at  Kimball  Union  Academy,  Meri- 
den,  New  Hampshire;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  New  York  City,  when  twenty-two  years 
old,  and  soon  after  went  to  Kansas,  with  the  intention 
of  establishing  himself  in  his  professional  business,  and 
to  assist  in  publishing  a  newspaper.  His  printing  office 
was  destroyed  by  the  border  ruffians,  and  the  newspaper 
was  abandoned.  For  a  time  he  engaged  in  the  border 
war,  but  on  account  of  failing  health  returned  home, 
and  in  the  spring  of  1859  opened  an  office  and  com 
menced  the  practice  of  law  at  Claremont,  New  Hamp 
shire,  which  he  continued  until  the  summer  of  1862, 
when  he  was  commissioned  Adjutant  of  the  Fourteenth 
Regiment.  Colonel  Robert  Wilson,  who  commanded 
the  regiment  from  its  organization  until  the  6th  of 


504  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

September,  1864,  when  he  resigned,  wrote  of  Colonel 
Gardiner:  "In  September  Adjutant  Gardiner  was  pro 
moted  to  Major,  on  my  recommendation  as  the  man 
best  fitted  for  the  position,  by  education,  talent  and 
gentlemanly  bearing.  After  we  reached  New  Orleans, 
in  April,  1864,  Major  Gardiner  was  in  command  of  the 
regiment  much  of  the  time.  On  the  13th  of  July  we 
sailed  from  New  Orleans,  leaving  Major  Gardiner  with 
four  companies  behind.  I  only  met  him  again  in  the 
valley  of  the  Shenandoah,  at  Berryville,  on  the  19th  of 
August.  On  the  night  of  the  21st,  the  army  was  with 
drawn  from  its  position  in  front  of  the  enemy  near 
Charlestown,  Ya.  The  withdrawal  of  the  pickets  fell 
upon  Major  Gardiner  as  officer  of  the  day.  It  was  a 
delicate  duty  to  perform,  in  the  immediate  face  of  the 
enemy,  but  was  accomplished  by  him  successfully.  The 
lines  had  not  been  evacuated  more  than  ten  minutes 
before  the  enemy  charged  over  our  empty  breastworks 
in  full  force,  showing  that  they  were  on  the  alert  for  our 
movements.  Major  Gardiner  was  quite  a  nice  man  in 
his  dress  and  personal  appearance.  He  prided  himself 
on  wearing  the  nicest  fitting  boots  in  the  regiment,  and 
we  had  many  a  laugh  at  the  rivalry  between  Dr.  Thayer, 
Major  Gardiner  and  Adjutant  Wright,  who  all  had  a 
weakness  toward  nice  boots.  After  Gardiner  was 
wounded  and  left  on  the  ground  at  the  battle  of 
Opequan  Creek,  his  handsome  boots  attracted  the  eye 
of  a  Johnnie  Eeb.,  who  despoiled  him  of  them,  causing 
great  pain  and  suffering.  But  Johnny  had  only  a  short 
lease  of  the  boots,  as  he  was  taken  prisoner  before  night 
and  compelled  to  strip  himself  of  the  boots  and  lug 
them  into  camp  hung  around  his  neck,  himself  march 
ing  barefooted  over  the  flinty  road." 

When  Colonel  Wilson  was  discharged,  Brigadier 
General  Birge,  commanding  the  brigade  of  which  the 
Fourteenth  Eegiment  formed  a  part,  wrote  the  Gover- 


Col 4*  U.S.C.  Inft.Brt  Ma\  Gen  U  S.V 


FO  UR  TEENTH  REGIMENT.  505 

nor  of  New  Hampshire,  requesting  Major  Gardiner's 
appointment  over  the  Lieut.  Colonel,  who  had  held  the 
office  from  the  formation  of  the  regiment.  He  wrote : 
"I  am  informed  that  Major  Gardiner  has  been  constantly 
on  duty  with  his  regiment  since  its  organization. — 
During  the  time  it  has  been  under  my  command  he  has 
performed  the  duties  of  his  office  with  fidelity,  ability 
and  zeal,  and  I  believe  him  well  qualified  and  competent 
for  the  rank  recommended.  In  my  opinion,  his  pro 
motion  is  deserved,  and  will  be  for  the  benefit  of  the 
service  and  the  regiment,  and  creditable  to  the  State 
which  he  represents."  This  recommendation  was  fol 
lowed,  and  Major  Gardiner  received  his  commission  as. 
Colonel  only  the  day  before  the  battle  of  Opequan 
Creek,  near  Winchester,  Ya.,  September  19,  1864,  where 
he  was  mortally  wounded.  He  died  of  his  wounds  on 
the  8th  of  the  following  month.  His  remains  were 
brought  to  Claremont  and  buried  with  Masonic  honors 
by  Hiram  Lodge.  Prof.  E.  T.  Howe,  of  Kimball  Union 
Academy,  who  had  been  Colonel  Gardiner's  teacher, 
and  was  for  a  time  chaplain  of  his  regiment,  preached 
an  appropriate  and  impressive  sermon,  at  the  town  hall, 
to  a  large  concourse  of  people.  His  horse  with  the 
empty  saddle,  followed  him  to  the  grave. 

GENERAL  SAMUEL  A.  DUNCAN. 

Brevet  Major  General  Samuel  A.  Duncan  was  born 
at  Plainfield,  Sullivan  County,  New  Hampshire,  June 
19,  1836.  His  parents  were  Samuel  Bell  and  Ruth 
Ticknor  Duncan.  He  finished  his  preparatory  college 
course  of  study  at  Kimball  Union  Academy,  in  his 
native  village,  Meriden,  and  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College,  Hanover,  New  Hampshire,  in  1858,  taking  the 
first  honors  of  the  class.  After  graduation  he  taught 
a  high  school  two  years  at  Quincy,  Massachusetts,  and 


506  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

was  then  called  back  to  Dartmouth  College  as  tutor, 
where  he  remained  until  the  summef  of  1862.  After 
the  terrible  reverses  of  the  Union  army  at  the  Penin 
sula,  in  1862,  Mr.  Duncan  announced  to  his  friends  his 
resolve  to  enter  the  army,  and  said  he  would  go  as  a 
private,  if  necessary.  He  was  soon  tendered  the  position 
of  Major  of  the  Fourteenth  Regiment,  which  he  accept 
ed,  and  was  mustered  in  with  the  other  field  officers,  in 
September,  1862. 

Major  Duncan's  regiment  was  engaged  in  provost 
duty  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  the  summer  of  1863, 
when  day  by  day  the  roar  of  conflict  between  the  con 
tending  hosts  of  the  Union  and  of  the  Rebellion,  in 
their  northward  march  toward  Gettysburg,  was  borne 
upon  the  wind  to  his  camp,  his  inactive  life  became 
extremely  irksome.  An  opportunity  for  escape,  and 
more  honorable,  because  more  active  and  dangerous, 
service  opened.  The  "War  Department  inaugurated  the 
policy  of  organizing  colored  troops,  and  with  a  view 
to  officering  them  established  a  Military  Board  of  which 
General  Casey  was  President,  to  examine  candidates 
for  appointment.  Major  Duncan  appeared  before  this 
Board  in  July,  and  passed  for  "  Colonel "  in  "  Class  1," 
ranking  first  out  of  about  two  hundred  examinations 
then  made.  On  the  16th  of  September,  1863,  he  was 
commissioned  Colonel  of  the  Fourth  Regiment  U.  S. 
Colored  Infantry,  then  organizing  in  Baltimore.  The 
first  parade  of  this  regiment  through  the  streets  of 
Baltimore,  soon  after,  was  one  of  the  prominent  events 
in  the  war  annals  of  that  secession  city.  The  streets 
and  buildings  along  the  route  of  the  procession  were 
crowded  with  curious  and  with  frowning  spectators. 
Contrary  to  the  apprehensions  of  the  War  Department 
the  display  passed  off  without  any  serious  disturbance. 

On  the  1st  of  October  Colonel  Duncan  was  ordered 
with  his  regiment  to  Fortress  Monroe,  and  thence  to 


FO  UR TEENTH  REGIMENT.  507 

Yorktowii,  where  it  passed  the  winter — taking  part  in 
various  expeditions  in  the  Peninsula,  prominent  among 
which  was  General  Wistar's  attempt  on  Richmond ;  the 
surprise  and  capture  of  the  enemy's  camp  at  Charles 
City  Court  House,  and  the  march  to  the  aid  of  Kilpat- 
rick  in  his  expedition  from  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
against  Richmond.  In  the  latter  case  the  telegraphic 
order  from  Washington  to  send  a  column  to  support 
Kilpatrick,  reached  Yorktown  about  three  o'clock  in 
the  afternoon.  At  four  the.  troops  of  Colonel  Duncan's 
brigade  were  on  the  march,  amid  a  drenching  rain  and 
through  the  pitchy  blackness  of  the  pine  woods  above 
Williamsburg,  and  yet  they  made  forty-six  miles  in 
twenty-three  hours. 

In  February,  1864,  General  Butler,  then  in  command 
of  the  Department  of  'Virginia  and  E"orth  Carolina, 
organized  a  brigade  of  Colored  Troops,  consisting  of 
Colonel  Duncan's  regiment,  one  from  Ohio,  and  two 
from  Philadelphia,  and  he  was  placed  in  command.  It 
was  the  Third  Brigade  of  the  Colored  Division  of  the 
Eighteenth  Corps.  "When  the  campaign  of  1864  opened 
it  was  one  of  the  very  best  officered  and  best  drilled 
brigades  in  the  entire  army.  ' 

General  Smith  commanded  the  Eighteenth  Corps, 
and  General  Hinks  was  in  command  of  the  Colored 
Division.  In  the  ascent  of  the  James  river  on  the  5th 
of  May,  Colonel  Duncan's  part  of  the  programme  was 
to  land  his  brigade  at  City  Point,  where  a  desperate 
defense  was  anticipated,  and  preparations  made  accord 
ingly  ;  but  the  small  garrison  surrendered  without  firing 
a  shot.  On  the  15th  of  June  General  Smith,  with  the 
Eighteenth  Corps,  assaulted  the  defenses  of  Petersburg, 
on  which  occasion  the  colored  troops  showed  great  dash 
and  courage.  After  the  successful  assault  in  the  morn 
ing  upon  the  outer  and  temporary  line  of  works,  Colonel 
Duncan  was  ordered  forward  into  the  general  line,  and 


508  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

to  hold  his  troops  in  readines  to  charge  at  any  moment. 
The  division,  by  the  withdrawal,  after  the  engagement 
of  the  morning  of  one  regiment,  had  been  reduced  to 
five  regiments  and  two  batteries,  all  which,  save  a  single 
regiment,  were  under  command  of  Colonel  Duncan. 
General  Hinks  was  seriously  injured  in  the  morning  by 
his  horse  falling  into  a  ditch,  and  could  not  afterward 
appear  upon  the  field,  and  all  the  movements  were  made 
under  the  direction  of  Colonel  Duncan — though  not  the 
senior  colonel — by  especial  orders  from  General  Hinks, 
who  retained  the  nominal  command.  For  six  hours  the 
troops  remained  in  the  line  in  an  exposed  position, 
before  the  order  to  charge  was  given.  "When  it  was 
given  the  colored  troops  jumped  to  their  feet,  and  made 
as  gallant  a  charge  as  ever  veterans  made,  capturing  six 
pieces  of  artillery  among  the  trophies  of  the  day.  The 
casualties  during  the  afternoon  exceeded  a  hundred. 
To  Colonel  Duncan  belonged  much  of  the  credit  of  the 
important  results  of  that  day's  work.  Two  hours  after 
the  fight  was  over,  at  ten  o'clock  in  the  evening,  Gen 
eral  Hinks  went  to  Colonel  Duncan  and  thanked  him 
for  the  part  he  had  taken,  and  said  that  for  his  work  he 
should  have  the  same  rank  as  himself.  He  at  once 
made  the  recommendation,  which  went  forward  favora 
bly  endorsed,  but  was  not  afterward  heard  from. 

At  the  attack  on  Battery  Harrison,  on  the  29th  of 
September,  the  colored  troops  under  Colonel  Duncan 
rendered  gallant  service.  He  lost  two  of  his  staff  offi 
cers  on  that  day,  and  was  himself  severely  wounded  in 
the  ankle.  He  was  incapacitated  for  field  service  for 
five  months.  In  general  orders,  dated  October  11, 1864, 
General  Butler,  in  command  of  the  Department  of  Vir 
ginia  and  North  Carolina,  said:  "In  the  charge  on  the 
enemy's  works  by  the  colored  division  of  the  Eighteenth 
Corps  at  Spring  Hill,  New  Market — better  men  were 
never  better  led — better  officers  never  led  better  men. 


FO  UR  TEENTH  REGIMENT.  509 

With  hardly  an  exception,  officers  of  colored  troops 
have  justified  the  care  with  which  they  have  been 
selected.  A  few  more  such  gallant  charges,  and  to 
command  colored  troops  will  be  the  post  of  honor  in 
the  American  armies."  In  this  order  Colonel  Duncan 
was  recommended  for  promotion. 

Colonel  Duncan  rejoined  his  command  in  North 
Carolina,  and  participated  in  the  operation  against 
"Wilmington ;  and  subsequently,  in  common  with  Gen 
eral  Terry's  forces  joined  with  Sherman  in  his  move* 
ments  against  Raleigh  and  General  Johnston.  After 
the  cessation  of  hostilities,  he  had  local  commands  in 
North  Carolina,  and  in  the  fall  and  winter  of  1865  was 
in  command  of  the  line  of  forts  surrounding  Washing 
ton  and  on  the  northern  bank  of  the  Potomac.  Colonel 
Duncan  was  brevetted  Brigadier  General  for  gallantry 
at  New  Market  Heights,  Va,,  Sept.  29,  1864;  and 
subsequently,  upon  the  recommendation  of  his  com 
manding  officers,  while  yet  in  the  field,  was  brevetted 
Major  General  of  Volunteers.  He  was  mustered  out 
of  the  service  on  May  6th,  1866,  and  was-  afterward  a 
Special  Agent  in  the  War  Department.  For  the  last 
two  years  he  has  been  a  principal  Examiner  in  the 
United  States  Pension  office. 

The  Fourteenth  Regiment  arrived  at  Washington 
when  no  further  force  was  required  in  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  or  at  Fortress  Monroe,  and  was  ordered  to 
report  to  General  Grover,  and  was  assigned  to  a  brigade 
which  consisted  of  the  Thirty-ninth  Massachusetts, 
Fourteenth  New  Hampshire,  Tenth  Vermont,  and 
Twenty-third  Maine  regiments,  Infantry,  and  Tenth 
Massachusetts  Battery.  General  Grover  was  soon 
ordered  to  other  duty,  and  the  command  of  the  brig 
ade  devolved  upon  Colonel  P.  S.  Davis,  of  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Massachusetts  regiment.  The  winter  was  spent 


510  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

by  the  brigade  in  the  arduous  duty  of  picketing  the 
river  for  an  extent  of  forty  miles. 

In  the  latter  part  of  April,  1863,  the  regiment  marched 
to  Washington,  and  went  into  camp  on  the  north  side  of 
the  city,  at  the  end  of  New  York  Avenue,  where  it 
remained  until  February,  1864.  During  this  time  the 
regiment  did  provost  duty  in  Washington,  the  nature 
of  which  was  responsible  and  various.  It  furnished 
guards  for  the  Old  Capitol  Prison  and  Central  Guard 
House,  and  a  number  of  men  for  about  ten  other  posts 
in  the  city.  One  company  was  detached  and  on  duty 
at  the  principal  landing  for  steamboats  and  other  vessels 
from  the  South.  The  chief  duty  of  this  detachment 
was  the  suppression  of  contraband  trade  and  the  arrest 
of  unauthorized  travelers.  Thus  the  men  were  kept 
perpetually  busy. 

Early  in  February  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Har 
per's  Ferry,  and  thence  to  Cumberland,  eighty  miles 
further  west.  They  returned  to  Harper's  Ferry,  and 
then  to  Washington,  arriving  there  on  the  25th.  Soon 
after  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  the  Department  of  the 
Gulf,  and  after  a  brief  visit  to  New  Hampshire,  they 
sailed  from  New  York  for  New  Orleans,  on  the  20th  of 
March,  on  two  vessels.  On  their  arrival  they  were 
quartered  at  Camp  Parapet,  and  did  miscellaneous  duty 
there,  at  Carrollton,  Jefferson  City  and  along  Lake 
Pontchartrain  as  far  as  Pass  Manchac,  and  furnished  a 
large  daily  detail  for  labor  on  the  fortifications.  On  the 
7th  of  June  the  regiment  reported  to  General  Emery  at 
Morganzia,  near  the  mouth  of  the  Red  river,  and  was 
attached  to  General  Birge's  brigade.  General  Birge 
was  absent  and  the  command  devolved  on  Colonel 
Robert  Wilson,  of  the  Fourteenth,  and  the  command  of 
the  regiment  upon  Major  Gardiner.  This  region  was 
very  unhealthy  and  malarious,  and  the  men  soon  began 


FO URTEENTH  REGIMENT.  511 

to  sink  under  the  combined  evil  influences  of  a  hot  and 
unhealthy  climate  and  improper  diet. 

On  the  13th  of  July  the  Fourteenth  took  transporta 
tion  for  the  north,  six  companies  under  Colonel  Wilson, 
on  one  vessel,  and  the  remaining  four  under  Major 
Gardiner,  on  another.  The  regiment  was  not  re-united 
until  the  19th  of  August,  at  Berry ville,  where  they 
joined  Sheridan's  army.  Early  in  September  Colonel 
"Wilson  resigned  on  account  of  serious  failure  of  health, 
and  Major  Gardiner  was  commissioned  Colonel  of  the 

regiment. 

i 

BATTLE  OF  WINCHESTER. 

On  the  19th  of  September  occurred  the  battle  at 
Opequan  Creek,  near  Winchester,  Va.,  in  which  the 
Fourteenth  Regiment  participated,  and- suffered  the  loss 
of  many  of  its  bravest  and  best  officers  and  men.  The 
army  was  in  position  two  miles  to  the  westward  of  the 
Opequan,  in  two  lines  of  battle,  with  the  Eighth  Corps 
in  reserve.  The  advance  was  made  at  half-past  eleven 
o'clock,  Birge's  brigade  on  the  right  of  the  first  line, 
and  the  Fourteenth  New  Hampshire  on  the  right  of  the 
brigade.  The  rebels  were  driven  from  their  position  in 
splendid  style,  the  brigades  directly  opposed  to  Birge's 
being  completely  broken.  But  it  has  been  said  the 
advance  was  too  impetuous  to  permit  the  Union  troops 
to  hold  the  ground,  for  it  brought  them  close  upon  a 
rebel  battery  which  had  been  shelling  them  during  the 
advance,  and  now  at  short  range  raked  the  line  with 
grape  and  canister.  The  second  line  was  a  long  distance 
in  the  rear,  and  the  rebels  were  re-enforced  by  a  division 
just  arrived  from  Bunker  Hill.  The  order  was  there 
fore  given  to  fall  back  in  order,  and  firing.  In  falling 
back  the  Fourteenth  Regiment  sustained  a  heavy  loss. 
Thirteen  officers  of  the  twenty-one  who  went  into  the 


512  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

fight,  and  one  hundred  and  thirty  men,  were  killed, 
wounded  or  prisoners.  Only  eight  were  taken  prison 
ers,  and  some  of  these  were  wounded.  Captains  Chaffin 
and  Fosgate,  and  Lieuts.  Paull  and  Fiske  were  killed. 
Colonel  Gardiner  was  mortally  wounded,  and  died  on 
the  8th  of  October.  Eight  other  officers,  and  over  a 
hundred  men  were  more  or  less  wounded.  The  second 
line  came  up,  and  the  regiments  of  the  first  line  took 
their  place  with  them.  Irregular  firing  was  kept  up 
while  the  Eighth  Corps  was  getting  into  position  on  the 
right  to  turn  the  left  flank  of  the  rebels,  and  connect 
with  the  cavalry  who  were  advancing  down  the  Martins- 
burg  pike.  At  four  o'clock  the  left  of  the  enemy  was 
completely  turned,  and  the  whole  army  advanced  impet 
uously,  driving  the  rebels  beyond  Winchester,  taking 
twenty-five  hundred  prisoners,  besides  all  their  wound 
ed,  and  five  pieces  of  artillery.  The  command  of  the 
regiment  devolved  on  Captain  Tolman. 

On  the  20th  of  September  the  army  moved  after  the 
retreating  rebels.  On  the  22d  was  fought  the  brilliant 
battle  of  Fisher's  Hill,  the  Fourteenth  advancing  in 
splendid  style  against  the  breastworks,  with  the  first 
line  of  Grover's  division.  Our  army  followed  the  rebels 
closely  for  a  week,  falling  upon  their  rear,  until  they 
reached  Harrisonburg,  eighty  miles  from  Winchester. 
Captain  Ripley  was  made  provost  marshal,  and  the 
Fourteenth  Regiment  was  detailed  for  provost  duty 
in  the  town. 

THE  BATTLE  OF  CEDAR  CREEK 

Occurred  on  the  19th  of  October,  in  which  the  Four 
teenth  Regiment  behaved  so  bravely  as  to  win  the 
approbation  of  General  Birge.  The  battle  commenced 
before  sunrise,  the  rebels  under  General  Early  advanc 
ing  with  a  heavy  force  from  Fisher's  Hill  upon  the 


FO  UR  TEENTH  REGIMENT.  513 

Union  army,  overwhelming  and  driving  it  back  in  some 
confusion,  by  greatly  superior  numbers.  Later  in  the 
forenoon  the  advance  of  the  rebel  army  was  checked, 
and  the  Union  army  held  their  position.  General 
Sheridan  had  been  in  Washington,  and  reached  Win 
chester  that  morning.  From  there  he  rode  with  all 
possible  haste,  when  he  heard  the  artillery  from  Cedar 
creek,  and  reached  the  army  between  ten  and  eleven 
o'clock.  He  at  once  made  preparations  for  recovering 
the  position  that  had  been  lost.  While  the  rebels  were 
kept  in  check  by  a  ceaseless  cannonade,  the  main  line 
of  the  army  was  withdrawn  and  re-formed  across  the 
Winchester  pike,  a  mile  north  of  Middletown,  confront 
ing  the  rebel  army.  Cavalry  was  on  each  wing,  and  the 
three  corps  were  arranged  in  one  long  line  of  battle 
betwreen.  At  three  o'clock  the  line  was  ordered  to 
advance.  They  met  the  rebels  securely  posted  behind 
stone  walls,  dislodged  them  after  hard  fighting,  drove 
them  from  wall  to  wall,  from  crest  to  crest;  and  by 
sunset  had  driven  them  beyond  the  ground  from  which 
the  army  had  been  forced  in  the  morning.  The  cavalry 
coming  in  on  the  right  and  left,  pursued  the  enemy  up 
the  valley  to  Fisher's  Hill,  and  the  next  morning  follow 
ed  them  to  Mount  Jackson.  The  rebel  army  left  every 
thing  in  its  flight  —  forty-eight  cannon,  ambulances, 
wagons,  and  five  thousand  stands  of  arms.  The  cavalry 
brought  in  two  thousand  prisoners,  which  were  all  they 
could  take  care  of.  The  day  that  opened  with  disaster, 
closed  with  such  a  victory  as  is  not  often  seen.  The 
total  loss  in  this  engagement  was  reported  as  four 
thousand  and  eighty-six.  The  Fourteenth  Regiment 
lost  eight  killed,  fifty-five  wounded,  and  sixteen  prison 
ers.  Among  those  captured  was  Captain  Ripley,  who 
was  in  command  of  the  regiment.  He  was  taken 
prisoner  soon  after  sunrise.  The  command  of  the 
regiment  fell  upon  Captain  Marston,  which  he  retained 


514  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

until  the  middle  of  December,  when  Captain  Tolman 
was  promoted  to  major.  The  same  ^nonth  Carroll  D. 
Wright  was  promoted  from  Adjutant  to  Colonel,  and 
assumed  command. 

The  first  week  in  January  the  division  to  which  the 
Fourteenth  Regiment  was  attached  moved  to  Savannah, 
and  arrived  there  about  the  middle  of  the  month,  just 
as  the  last  corps  of  Sherman's  army  was  leaving  the  city, 
and  General  Grover  assumed  command  of  the  district, 
which  included  the  eastern  part  of  the  State.  The 
Fourteenth,  with  other  regiments,  was  quartered  in  the 
city  on  provost  duty.  Here  the  regiment  remained 
until  the  6th  of  May,  when  they  marched  to  Augusta. 
While  there  they  guarded  Jeff.  Davis,  and  the  prison 
ers  taken  with  him,  to  the  steamer  that  carried  him 
to  Savannah.  The  regiment  was  ordered  to  Savannah 
early  in  June,  to  be  mustered  out,  where  it  remained  a 
month  before  transportation  was  obtained  for  the  north. 

In  March  Colonel  Wright  and  Lieut.  Colonel  Barker 
having  resigned,  Captain  0.  H.  Marston,  Company  K, 
was  promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel,  and  commanded  the 
regimeat  until  it  was  mustered  out.  Surgeon  William 
Henry  Thayer  was  appointed  medical  director  of  the 
second  division,  Nineteenth  Corps,  in  February,  and 
Assistant  Surgeon  Marshall  Perkins  had  charge  of  the 
regiment  from  that  time.  Lieut.  C.  Fred  Webster,  regi 
mental  quartermaster,  was  detailed  as  assistant  post 
quartermaster.  Captain  Ira  Berry,  Jr.,  had  command  of 
Camp  Distribution  during  the  spring.  Lieut.  M.  M. 
Holmes  commanded  the  camp  of  colored  refugees. 
Lieut.  A.  F.  Hussey  was  detailed  as  assistant  street 
commissioner.  Captain  George  F.  Blanchard  was  as 
sistant  adjutant  general  of  the  first  brigade,  after 
December,  1864.  A  large  number  of  officers  and  men 
w^ere  detailed  for  responsible  duties,  and  the  regiment 


FO URTEENTH  REGIMENT.  515 

had  the  reputation  of  being  faithful,  brave  and  reliable, 
in  every  position. 

The  Fourteenth  Regiment  lost  by  death  above  two 
hundred  men  and  officers.  Seventy  of  these  fell  in  bat 
tle,  or  died  of  their  wounds.  The  remainder  sank 
under  disease  brought  on  in  the  discharge  of  their  duty, 
in  unhealthy  climates,  and  among  them  were  many  val 
uable  and  beloved  officers. 

The  Governor  and  Council  caused  a  suitable  monu 
ment  to  be  erected  near  Winchester,  Va.  It  was 
dedicated  on  the  9th  of  April,  1866,  with  impressive 
ceremonies,  and  bears  this  inscription : 

"  New  Hampshire  erects  this  Monument  to  the  mem 
ory  of  her  brave  sons  of  the  Fourteenth  Regiment,  who 
fell  in  battle,  September  19th,  1864,  upon  this  field,  and 
are  here  buried  in  one  common  grave." 

Captain  W.  II.  Chaffiu.  Corporal  G.  W.  Hazen.  Private  M.  Marston. 

Captain  W.  A.  Fosgate.  Corporal  S.  Tasker.  Private  G.  T.  Souther. 

Lieutenant  H.  S.  Paull.  Corporal  C.  W.  Noyes.  Private  W.  A.  Scott. 

Lieutenant  J.  A.  Fiske.  Private  N.  Wyman.  Private  L.  Parker. 

Sergeant  C.  C.  Wilson.  Private  S.  H.  Young.  Private  0.  A.  Barnes. 

Sergeant  G.  W.  Felch.  Private  G.  Perrigo.  Private  S.  Waters. 

Sergeant  M.  McCurdy.  Private  G.  L.  Wetherbee.  Private  H.  0.  Baker. 

Sergeant  A.  A.  Baker.  Private  F.  B.  Andrews.  Private  D.  J.  Cameron. 

Corporal  N.  P.  Rust.  Private  H.  L.  Haynes.  Private  D.  H.  Phelps. 

Corporal  D.  W.  Chase.  Private  A.  E.  Boyd. 

Corporal  M.  Allen.  Private  C.  L.  Roman. 

MORTALLY  WOUNDED. 

Colonel  A.  Gardiner.  Corporal  G.  W.  Tucker.  Private  G.  B.  Cofran. 

Lieutenant  A.  B  Colburn.  Private  L.  Willard.  Private  II.  Atwood. 

Lieutenant  G.  H.  Stone.  Private  L.  E.  Bent.  Private  A.  Harriiuan. 

Corporal  0.  Straw.  Private  L.  G.  Merrill. 

Corporal  H.  F.  Brown.  Private  R.  Varney. 


516  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 


FIFTEENTH  REGIMENT. 


This  was  the  first  regiment  raised  in  New  Hampshire 
under  the  call  of  the  President  for  three  hundred 
thousand  nine  months'  troops.  Early  in  October  it  was 
determined  to  organize  one  regiment  of  nine  months' 
men  to  each  of  the  three  congressional  districts,  and  the 
recruits  then  enrolled  were  ordered  into  camp  at  Con 
cord.  Those  coming  first  into  the  rendezvous,  without 
regard  to  residence,  were  at  once  ordered  into  a  regi 
ment  under  Colonel  J.  W.  Kingman,  of  Durham,  and 
were  designated  the  Fifteenth  New  Hampshire  Volun 
teers.  The  following  are  the  field,  staff  and  company 
officers,  and  their  official  record : 

FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

COLONELS — John  W.  Kingman,  of  Durham. 

Mustered  out  August  13, 1 863. 

Lieut.  Colonels — George  "W.  Frost,  of  Newmarket. 

Resigned  Feb.  14,  1863. 

Henry  W.  Blair,  of  Plymouth. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  13,  1863. 

Majors — George  W.  Frost,  of  Newmarket. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Oct.  7,  1862. 

Henry  W.  Blair,  of  Plymouth. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  April  8,  1863. 

John  Aldrich,  of  Gilford. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Adjutant — Edward  E.  Pinkham,  of  Laconia. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Quartermaster — Ira  A.  Moody,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Surgeons — Jeremiah  F.  Hall,  of  Wolfehorough. 

Resigned  Jan.  19,  1863. 

Carl  II.  Horsch,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 


FIFTEENTH  REGIMENT.  517 

Ass't  Surgeons — Benjamin  K  Towle,  of  Newmarket. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Joseph  E.  Janvrin,  of  Exeter. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Chaplain — Edwin  M.  Wheelock,  of  Dover. 

Resigned  July  18,  1863. 

Sergeant  Majors — John  0.  "Wallingford,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  Jan.  18,  1863. 

Jeremiah  H.  W.  Tebbetts,  of  Rochester. 

Mustered  out  August  13, 1863. 

Quartermaster  Sergeant — George  W.  Hobbs. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Commissary  Sergeant — Josiah  Kimball. 

Discharged  for  disability  May  16,  1863. 

Hospital  Steward — Willard  C.  Kempton,  of  Plaintield. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

Co.  A. — Captains — John  Aldrich,  of  Gilford. 

Promoted  to  Major  August  8,  1863. 

Thomas  Coggswell,  jr.,  of  Gilmanton. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

First  Lieuts. — Thos.  Coggswell,  jr.,  of  Gilmanton. 

"promoted  to  Captain  April  8,  1863 

John  B.  Hendley,  of  Alton. 

Mustered  out  August  ]3,  1863. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  B.  Hendley,  of  Alton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  August  8,  1863. 

Charles  "W.  Pickering,  of  Gilford. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Co.  B.— Captain— John  W.  Ela,  of  Plymouth. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

First  Lieut.— Henry  D.  Wyatt,  of  Campton. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Second  Lieut. — James  A.  Page,  of  Haverhill. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Co.  C. — Captain — Moses  Lang,  of  Bath. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

First  Lieut. — Charles  S.  Hazeltine,  of  Littleton. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Second  Lieut. — Alvin  C.  Bean,  of  Enfield. 

Mustered  out  August  18,  1863. 


518  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Co.  D. — Captain — Jonathan  H.  Johnson,  of  Deerfield. 

Mustei^d  out  August  13,  1863 

First  Lieut. — Jeremiah  C.  Chadwick,  of  Deerfield. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  18v.3. 

Second  Lieut. — W.  M.  Durgin,  of  Xorthwood. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Co.  E. — Captain — William  E.  Stearns,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

First  Lieut. — James  F.  Parker,  of  Litchfield. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Second  Lieut. — Francis  A.  Wood,  of  Hollis. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Co.  F. — Captain — William  Gordon,  of  Canaan. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

First  Lient. — Sylvester  Martin,  of  Grafton. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Second  Lieut. — Stephen  Colby,  of  Springfield. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Co.  G. — Captain — Lewis  Osgood,  of  Pittsfield. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

First  Lieuts. — Thomas  M.  Huse,  of  Barnstead. 

Resigned  Feb.  23,  1863. 

Joseph  G.  Ay  era,  of  Northfield. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  18G3. 

Second  Lieuts. — Joseph  G.  Avers,  of  Northfield. 

Promoted  to 'First  Lieut.  March  1,  1863. 

Christ.  C.  Pickering,  of  Barnstead. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Co.  H. — Captain — Jacob  B.  Sanborn,  of  Sanbornton. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

First  Lieut— Alfred  B.  Seavey,  of  Gilford. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Second  Lieut. — W.  Perkins,  of  Londonderry. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

Co.  I. — Captain — George  E.  Pinkham,  of  Rochester. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 

First  Lieut. — Alvah  M.  Kimball,  of  Rochester. 

Resigned  Jan.  15,  1863. 

James  D.  Moore,  of  Middleton. 

Mustered  out  August  13, 1863. 

Second  Lieuts. — James  D.  Moore,  of  Middleton. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Jan.  18,  1863. 

John  0.  Wallingford,  of  Dover. 

Wounded  at  Port  Hudson  June  14^  '63.  Mustered  out  August  13,  1863. 


FIFTEENTH  REGIMENT.  519 

Co.  K. — Captain — Benjamin  F.  Hall,  of  Salem. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863 

First  Lieut.— Elbridge  G.  Wood,  of  Hampstead. 

Mustered  out  August  13,  1863 

Second  Lieut. — Wallace  T.  Larkin,  of  Chester. 

Discharged  on  account  of  promotion,  Aug.  11,  1863. 


COLONEL  JOHN  W.  KINGMAN. 

Colonel  Kingman  was  born  at  Barrington,  Strafford 
County,  New  Hampshire,  in  1821.  His  ancestors,  on 
both  sides,  were  connected  with,  or  descended  from 
Elder  William  Brewster,  of  Mayflower  memory.  He 
fitted  for  college  at  Phillips  Exeter  Academy,  and  grad 
uated  at  Harvard  in  1843.  He  studied  law  in  the  office 
of  Daniel  Webster,  in  Boston,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  but  soon  returned  to  Dover,  K.  H., 
where  he  entered  into  a  partnership  with  Hon.  Daniel 
M.  Christie,  and  continued  in  the  practice  of  his  pro 
fession  until  the  commencement  of  the  war.  In  Octo 
ber,  1862,  he  was  commissioned  Colonel  of  the  Fifteenth 
Regiment.  Its  term  of  service  was  nominally  nine 
months,  but  extended  from  July,  1862,  when  the  com 
panies  were  raised,  until  August  13,  1863,  when  they 
we.re  mustered  out.  The  time  was  too  short  for  any 
regiment  to  distinguish  itself.  It,  however,  bore  an 
important  part  in  the  campaign  of  Port  Hudson,  and 
never  failed  to  do  all  that  could  reasonably  be  expected 
of  it.  He  requested  the  officers,  before  leaving  New 
Hampshire,  to  sign  a  regimental  temperance  pledge,  to 
bind  them  all,  during  their  term  of  service,  to  the  strict 
est  sobriety;  and  every  officer  signed  it,  and  every  man 
of  them  kept  it  with  commendable  integrity.  As  a 
natural  result,  wherever  the  regiment  was  stationed, 
they  had  the  reputation  of  being  the  least  disorderly  regi 
ment  in  the  army.  When  at  Carrollton,  near  New 
Orleans,  where  were  thirty-five  regiments,  the  provost 


520  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

marshal  told  Colonel  Kingman  that  the  Fifteenth  New 
Hampshire  was  the  only  regiment  there  that  had  never 
had  an  officer  or  man  arrested  by  his  guard.  Colonel 
Kingman  early  obtained  the  confidence  and  affection  of 
his  men,  and  retained  it  to  the  end.  On  the  27th  of 
May,  1863,  in  the  unsuccessful  assault  on  Port  Hudson, 
the  Second  Division,  of  which  the  Fifteenth  Regiment 
formed  a  part,  commanded  by  General  T.  W.  Sherman, 
lost  nearly  every  officer  in  it,  and  Colonel  Kingman  was 
left  in  command.  It  was  in  this  engagement  that  Gen 
eral  Sherman  lost  a  leg,  and  General  Dow  was  badly 
wounded.  Colonel  Kingman  enjoyed  the  intimacy  of 
both  these  brave  officers;  but  after  they  left  General 
Banks  sent  General  Dwight — a  man  not  distinguished 
for  courage  or  sobriety — to  command  the  division. 
It  was  intimated  that  his  method  of  showing  his  prowess 
was  to  order  his  officers  under  arrest,  and  at  one  time  he 
had  nearly  all  of  them  deprived  of  their  commands. 
Colonel  Porter,  of  the  Fourteenth  Maine,  and  Colonel 
Kingman  were  among  the  first  whose  swords  he  de 
manded.  They  were  never  tried,  nor  were  there  any 
charges  preferred  against  them.  General  Banks  soon 
removed  General  Dwight  and  ordered  all  the  officers 
back  to  their  commands. 

After  being  mustered  out  with  his  regiment,  Colonel 
Kingman  made  several  unsuccessful  attempts  to  again 
enter  the  service,  having  a  desire  to  do  his  share  toward 
finishing  up  the  rebellion.  He  returned  to  civil  life  and 
the  practice  of  his  profession.  In  April,  1869,  he  re 
ceived  from  President  Grant  the  appointment  of  Asso 
ciate  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  Territory  of 
"Wyoming,  which  office  he  now  holds. 

The  Fifteenth  Regiment  was  mustered  into  the  United 
States  service  on  the  12th  of  November,  1862,  and 
received  its  colors  from  the  hand  of  Governor  Berry. 


FIFTEENTH  REGIMENT.  521 

On  the  13th  the  regiment  left  Concord,  under  orders  to 
report  to  General  N.  P.  Banks,  at  New  York  City,  and 
reached  there  next  morning.  The  fore  part  of  Decem 
ber  the  regiment  sailed  on  three  different  vessels  for 
New  Orleans,  the  last  detachment  arriving  there  on  the 
26th  of  December,  and  being  reunited  went  into  camp 
at  Carrollton.  On  the  28th  of  January,  1863,  the  regi 
ment  moved  to  Camp  Parapet,  about  two  and  a  half 
miles  from  Carrollton.  It  form-ed  a  part  of  the  first 
brigade,  second  division,  Nineteenth  Army  Corps.  The 
brigade  was  composed  of  the  Sixth  Michigan,  One 
Hundred  and  Twenty-eighth  New  York,  Fifteenth  New 
Hampshire,  and  Twenty-sixth  Connecticut,  and  was 
commanded  by  General  Neal  Dow.  The  two  regiments 
first  named  were  three  years'  troops;  the  two  last  nine 
months.  Brigadier  General  T.  W.  Sherman  commanded 
the  division.  Here  the  regiment  remained  doing  camp 
and  guard  duty,  furnishing  details  of  officers  and  men 
for  different  purposes,  and  with  but  few  changes  in  the 
organization,  until  the  spring  of  1863. 

On  the  20th  of  May  the  regiment  embarked  on  board 
steamers  and  sailed  for  Springfield  Landing,  where 
it  arrived  on  the  22d  and  joined  its  brigade.  On  the 
23d  they  were  joined  by  the  Second  Brigade  of  the 
division.  They  moved  cautiously  through  the  woods 
two  and  a  half  miles  toward  Port  Hudson ;  formed  in 
line  of  battle,  advanced  a  short  distance  and  halted  for 
the  night.  On  the  24th  they  again  moved  toward  the 
rebel  works,  expecting  to  encounter  a  rebel  force  at 
some  earthworks  about  two  miles  from  their  main  line 
of  defenses,  but  found  them  abandoned.  The  picket 
line,  supported  by  Companies  D  and  E,  advanced  to 
within  about  a  thousand  yards  of  the  enemy's  defensive 
works,  consisting  of  a  parapet,  seven  miles  in  length, 
extending  from  the  river  below  Port  Hudson  to  a  bayou 
above,  with  outer  works  commanding  all  avenues  of 


522  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

approach;  and  a  heavy  growth  of  timber  had  been 
felled  for  a  distance  of  half  a  mile  from  the  parapet. 
These  works  were  held  by  upward  of  eight  thousond 
men,  and  their  position  was  worth  at  least  twenty 
thousand  more,  commanded  by  Major  General  Gardner, 
formerly  of  the  regular  army.  On  the  morning  of  the 
25th  of  May,  the  Nineteenth  Army  Corps  lay  before 
this  rebel  stronghold.  General  Sherman's  division 
consisted  of  two  brigades,  General  Dow's  and  General 
Nicholson's,  each  numbering  about  twelve  hundred 
men.  General  Dow  had  the  right  and  General  Nichol 
son  the  left  of  the  division. 

On  the  26th  of  May,  four  companies  from  the  Fif 
teenth,  with  detachments  from  other  regiments,  went 
to  the  front,  to  burn  some  buildings  occupied  by  the 
rebels,  which  was  accomplished  without  loss  to  the 
regiment.  At  six  o'clock,  p.  M.,  four  companies,  A,  D, 
E  and  K,  under  Major  Aldrich,  were  ordered  to  the 
front,  to  support  the  pickets. 

On  the  the  27th  an  assault  was  ordered  along  the 
whole  line.  The  four  companies  under  Major  Aldrich, 
thrown  out  on  the  flanks  as  sharpshooters  and  skirmish 
ers,  did  good  execution  in  picking  off  the  rebel  artillery 
men.  The  other  six  companies  formed  a  part  of  -the 
assaulting  column  of  the  brigade,  commanded  by  General 
Dow,  and  led  by  Generals  Sherman  and  Dow.  The 
brigade  covered  the  south  end  of  the  eastern  portion 
of  the  enemy's  works,  and  lay  in  line  of  battle  about 
three-fourths  of  a  mile  from  the  enemy.  The  interven 
ing  distance  was  level.  Just  in  front  was  a  long  dense 
belt  of  woods,  some  sixty  rods  in  depth ;  then  an  open 
ing  about  forty  rods  wide  and  one  hundred  and  fifty 
long,  from  right  to  left ;  then  woods  again,  between 
this  opening  and  the  enemy.  There  was  a  gap  in 
the  woods,  about  forty  rods  wide,  leading  direct  from 
this  cleared  ground  to  a  broad  level  space,  on  the  fur- 


FIFTEENTH  REGIMENT.  523 

ther  side  of  which  was  the  earth  bank  of  the  enemy. 
The  distance  from  the  line  of  trees  nearest  the  rebels 
to  their  works  was  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile.  On  the 
right  of  this  front  was  a  deep  ravine,  with  steep,  irregu 
lar  sides,  running  direct  to  the  enemy's  works,  forming 
a  right  angle  at  the  point  of  intersection.  At  one 
o'clock,  P.  M.,  the  brigade  was  drawn  up  in  the  first 
clearing  in  front  of  its  position.  On  the  extreme  left 
were  several  batteries  of  artillery,  which  played  through 
the  gap  in  the  woods  upon  the  rebel  works.  The  fore 
noon  had  been  passed  in  sharp  skirmishing  along  the 
whole  length  of  the  lines,  the  light  troops  covering 
themselves  with  stumps,  bushes,  and  every  thing  that 
afforded  shelter,  had  pushed,  in  many  places  nearly  up 
to  the  rebel  works.  For  two  days  the  enemy  had  not 
shown  himself  outside  his  defenses.  The  air  was  filled 
with  minnie  balls,  cannon  shot  and  shell,  which,  how 
ever,  did  but  little  damage  to  either  side.  The  artillery 
opened  at  one  o'clock  in  earnest,  and  for  half  an  hour 
thundered  upon  the  enemy.  The  fire  was  tremendous, 
and  the  enemy  replied  with  an  incessant  shower  of 
every  conceivable  missile.  Soon  a  long  train  of  wagons, 
loaded  with  bags  of  cotton,  boards,  and  long  poles, 
for  bridging  the  ditch,  and  escorted  by  three  hundred 
negroes,  burst  through  the  smoke  and  hurried  to 
the  front.  The  brigade  was  awaiting  the  order  to 
advance.  It  was  soon  given,  and  they  went  forward  at 
the  double-quick,  and  met  a  terribly  deadly  fire  from 
the  enemy.  As  they  pressed  on  over  fences  and  through 
scattering  trees,  the  men  fell  in  fearful  numbers.  An 
attempt  was  made  to  correct  the  alignment  which  had 
become  broken,  but  it  was  found  impossible,  and  the 
confusion  soon  became  inextricable,  so  murderous  was 
the  fire  of  the  enemy.  The  bravest  hurried  to  the  front, 
the  cowards  to  the  rear ;  the  whole  knew  not  what  to 
do;  to  retreat  was  unthought  of,  and  finally  the  whole 


524  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

brigade  was  swept  away  to  the  right,  and  went  into  the 
ravine.  Those  in  the  extreme  advance — and  the  Fif 
teenth  was  largely  represented  there — seeing  their  sup 
port  disappear,  leaped  into  the  gorge  themselves,  while 
their  officers  hurried  back  to  arouse  the  middle  and  rear. 
General  Dow  had  been  wounded  and  carried  from  the 
field.  There  was  no  possibility  of  reforming  the  bri 
gade;  nothing  could  be  done  but  push  on,  surmount  the 
parapet,  if  possible,  and  attack  the  enemy  in  his  teeth. 
A  second  advance  was  made,  at  double-quick,  and  when 
in  perfect  range  the  enemy  opened  his  fire,  concentrated 
from  more  than  a  mile  of  his  works,  direct  upon  the 
column,  but  they  did  not  falter.  Lieut.  Colonel  Blair 
was  in  command  of  the  advance.  As  he  started  the 
second  time  he  asked  General  Sherman  for  instructions. 
"Lead  them  ahead,  straight  ahead,  dead  on  the  enemy's 
works,"  were  the  orders  he  received.  The  advance  was 
unsuccessful,  and  the  troops  were  obliged  to  fall  back  to 
the  ravine  in  order  to  reform.  General  Sherman,  having 
been  severely  wounded,  was  taken  from  the  field  by  men 
of  the  Fifteenth.  The  command  devolved  upon  Colonel 
Cowles,  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Twenty-eighth  ISTew 
York,  who  rallied  the  men  and  attempted  another 
advance,  which  was  also  unsuccessful.  Colonel  Cowles 
ordered  a  retreat,  and  fell,  mortally  wounded,  about 
forty  rods  outside  the  enemy's  works.  There  was  one 
more  attempt  to  gain  the  works.  A  common  soldier 
came  marching  along  alone,  leading  a  white  horse  with 
his  right  hand,  waving  the  stars  and  stripes  with  his  left, 
and  calling  upon  his  comrades  to  rally,  and  rally  they 
did.  The  bank  of  the  ravine  was  instantly  alive  with 
soldiers,  the  parapet  was  ablaze  again,  and  the  men  fell 
fearfully  fast;  still  they  pressed  on.  The  center  and 
rear  of  the  column  did  not  waver.  The  advance  hurried 
forward,  was  nearingthe  parapet;  it  was  not  ten  rods  off; 
here  Lieut.  Colonel  Blair  fell,  severely  wounded  in  the 


FIFTEENTH  REGIMENT.  525 

arm.  The  brave  fellow  with  the  white  horse,  pressed 
forward  a  few  steps  beyond,  and  fell,  blood  streaming 
from  his  mouth.  The  men  who  rushed  forward  had 
nearly  all  fallen,  and  with  this  ended  the  fight.  At 
night  the  troops  were  withdrawn.  The  loss  was  very 
heavy,  one  fourth  of  the  fighting  men  of  the  corps. 

On  the  13th  of  June  fifty  men  from  the  Fifteenth, 
under  Lieuts.  Seavey  and  Perkins,  of  Company  H,  with 
the  same  number  from  the  Twenty-sixth  Connecticut, 
all  commanded  by  Lieut.  Seavey,  made  a  demonstra 
tion  against  the  enemy's  works.  Before  advancing  they 
were  addressed  by  Colonel  Clark,  commanding  the  brig 
ade,  who  told  them  if  there  was  a  man  among  them 
who  feared  to  die,  he  then  had  an  opportunity  to  honor 
ably  retire,  but  that  they  must  choose  then  or  not  at  all. 
Not  a  man  of  the  Fifteenth  left  the  ranks,  and  but  one  of 
the  Twenty-sixth  Connecticut.  They  were  then  deployed 
as  skirmishers  and  ordered  to  advance  across  the  scene 
of  the  late  battle,  coolly  and  steadily,  toward  the  rebel 
parapet,  up  to  it,  and  over  it.  They  obeyed  their 
instructions  until  many  of  them  had  fallen,  when,  not 
being  supported,  they  laid  down,  and  covering  them 
selves  as  they  could,  they  fought  away  until  dark. 
There  never  was  a  braver  act  than  the  charge  of  that 
line  of  skirmishers.  The  rebels  were  struck  with 
admiration,  and,  after  they  were  well  up,  issued  orders 
to  kill  no  more  such  brave  fellows,  but  by  a  sally  to 
endeavor  to  capture  them.  But  for  this  forbearance  of 
the  enemy  probably  not  a  man  could  have  escaped. 
The  loss  of  the  regiment  in  this  affair  was  thirteen 
killed  and  wounded,  or  more  than  one-fourth  of  the 
number  engaged. 

The  next  day  another  attack  was  made  upon  the 
enemy's  works.  Soon  after  sunrise  the  Fifteenth  com 
manded  by  Lieut.  Colonel  Blair,  followed  by  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Connecticut,  marched  up  the  road,  from  a  position 


526  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

near  the  river  which  had  been  reached  by  a  circuitous 
route  of  six  miles,  to  within  seven  liundred  yards  of 
the  rebel  works.  Here  they  formed  in  line  of  battle 
and  advanced  about  four  hundred  yards,  under  a  heavy 
artillery  fire,  and  came  upon  a  concealed  ravine,  filled 
with  fallen  timber,  underbrush  and  briar  vines,  which 
was  impassable.  There  was  no  path  to  the  right  or  the 
left,  and  after  some  hesitation  the  regiments  plunged 
into  the  gorge.  Some  struggled  through  and  came  up 
on  the  other  side,  but  to  no  purpose.  The  division 
remained  there  during  the  day,  intensely  tortured  by 
heat,  hunger  and  thirst,  under  the  fire  of  the  enemy,  but 
the  men  were  so  well  protected  by  the  underbrush  that 
but  few  were  harmed.  At  night  the  command  was 
withdrawn.  The  loss  in  the  Fifteenth  was  two  officers 
and  twenty-four  men  wounded.  Lieut.  Colonel  Blair 
was  hit  by  a  minnie  ball  on  the  arm  previously  wounded. 
Captain  J.  H.  Johnson,  of  Company  D,  was  prostrated 
by  exertion  and  heat,  and  died  at  his  home  at  Deerfield, 
on  the  14th  of  October.  Colonel  Clark,  who  command 
ed  the  brigade  on  the  14th  of  June,  in  his  report  of  the 
engagement  said  of  the  Fifteenth  New  Hampshire  Regi 
ment:  "Both  officers  and  men  conducted  themselves  in 
a  manner  worthy  of  American  soldiers.  The  nine 
months'  men  have  demonstrated,  by  their  gallant  con 
duct,  that  they  can  be  relied  on  in  any  emergency." 

The  siege  of  Port  Hudson  continued,  both  armies 
erecting  batteries  and  strengthening  their  works,  for 
several  days,  without  either  molesting  the  other.  At 
length  fire  was  opened  simultaneously  from  each  side, 
and  continued  for  several  days;  the  rebel  guns  were  dis 
mounted  and  the  rebel  flag  shot  away  several  times,  and 
finally  not  raised  again,  though  no  breach  was  made 
sufficient  to  warrant  an  attempt  to  take  the  works  by 
storm.  After  the  receipt  of  the  news  of  the  fall  of 


FIFTEENTH  REGIMENT.  527 

Vicksburg,  General  Gardner  unconditionally  surrender 
ed  Port  Hudson  to  General  Banks. 

On  the  26th  of  July  the  regiment  turned  over  its 
camp  and  ordnance  stores  and  started  on  its  way  home. 
It  reached  Concord  on  the  8th  of  August,  and  was  mus 
tered  out,  paid  and  discharged  on  the  13th.  When  the 
regiment  was  mustered  out  of  service,  though  there 
were  thirty-nine  officers  and  seven  hundred  and  two 
enlisted  men  whose  names  were  borne  upon  the  rolls, 
less  than  thirty  officers,  and  not  four  hundred  and  fifty 
enlisted  men  were  fit  for  duty.  The  siege  of  Port  Hud 
son  and  the  climate  of  Louisiana  had  thus  sadly  thinned 
the  ranks. 


528  THE  OREAT  REBELLION. 


SIXTEENTH  REGIMENT. 


The  Sixteenth  Regiment  was  raised  under  the  same 
call  of  the  President  for  three  hundred  thousand  nine 
months'  men  as  the  Fifteenth.  Its  muster  in  was  com 
pleted  on  the  1st  of  November,  1862.  The  following 
were  its  field,  staff"  and  company  officers,  with  the 
official  record  of  each  : 

FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

COLONEL — James  Pike,  of  Sanbornton. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  20,  1863. 

Lieut.  Colonel — Henry  "W.  Fuller,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  20,  1863. 

Majors — Henry  W.  Fuller,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Nov.  1,  1862. 

Samuel  Davis,  Jr.,  of  Warner. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  20,  1863. 

Adjutant — Luther  T.  Townsend,  of  Salem. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  20,  1863. 

Quartermaster — Albert  H.  Drown,  of  Fisherville. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  20,  1863. 

Surgeon — Thomas  Sanborn,  of  Newport. 

Resigned  June  13,  1863. 

Assistant  Surgeons — Cyrus  M.  Fiske,  of  Bradford. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  20,  1863. 

Sylvester  Campbell. 

Died  at  Camp  Parapet,  Feb.  6,  1863. 

Herbert  Sleeper,  of  Grantham. 

Captured  June  28,  1863.     Exchanged.     Mustered  out  Aug.  30,  1863. 

Chaplain — R.  M.  Manley,  of  Northfield. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  20,  1863. 

Sergeant  Majors — Frank  B.  Modica,  of  Ilenniker. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  March  1,  1863. 

Charles  J.  Wright,  of  Pelham. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  June  20,  1863. 

Quartermaster  Sergeant — G.  M.  Wilkins,  of  Henniker. 

Promoted  to  Second  Lieut.  April  25,  1863. 


SIXTEENTH  REGIMENT.  529 

Commissary  Sergeant — David  D.  Smith,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  20,  1863. 

Hospital  Stewards — Paul  S.  Adams,  of  Newport 

Discharged  for  disability  July  2,  1863. 

Clarence  S.  Wilkins,  of  Warner. 

Mustered  out  Aug.  20,  1863. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

Co.  A. — Captain — Elias  F.  Smith  of  Lebanon. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1862. 

First  Lieut. — Bela  Sawyer,  of  Lyme. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

Second  Lieut. — Charles  S.  Cooper,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

Co.  B. — Captain — Albert  J.  Hersey,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Mustered  out  August  20,^1863. 

First  Lieuts. — 0.  B.  Burnham,  of  Hillsborough. 

Resigned  Feb.  4,^1863. 

Albert  "W.  Wiggin,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Mustered  out  August"  20,  1863. 

Second  Lieuts. — A.  W.  Wiggin,  of  Wolfeboro'. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  5,  1863. 

Alvah  S.  Libby,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

Co.  C. — Captains — Aaron  A.  Clark,  of  Wilton. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

First  Lieut.— Henry  M.  Mills,  of  Milford. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

Second  Lieut. — Joseph  E.  O'Donnell,  of  Mason. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

Co.  D. — Captain — Daniel  E.  Howard,  of  Hopkinton. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

First  Lieut. — Charles  H.  Herbert,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain  and  Commissary  of  Subsistence  U.  S.  V.  Jan.  20,  1863. 

Second  Lieut. — Robert  S.  Davis,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863 

Co.  E. — Captain — Jonathan  P.  Sanborn,  of  Franklin. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

First  Lieut.— David  E.  Burbauk,  of  Webster. 

Resigned  July  18,  1863. 

Second  Lieut. — Prescott  Jones,  of  Wilmot. 

Died  at  CarroUton,  La.,  Jan.  11,  1863, 


530  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Co.  F.— Captain— Charles  II.  Woods,  of  Fitzwilliam. 

Mustfred  out  August  20,  1863. 

First  Lieut. — Edgar  E.  Adams,  of  Grantham. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  S.  Baker. 

Died  March  17,  1863. 

Frank  B.  Modica,  of  Ilenniker. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863 

Co.  G. — Captain — G.  W.  Bosworth,  of  Lyndeborough. 

Mustered  out  August  20, 1868. 

First  Lieut. — Barton  A.  Ballou,  of  Weare. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

Second  Lieut. — M.  L.  Colburn,  of  New  Boston. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

Co.  H. — Captain — John  L.  Eice,  of  Cornish. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

First  Lieut— Proctor  D.  Ward,  of  Bradford. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 
Second  Lieut. — Philip  C.  Bean,  of  Warner. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

Co.  I. — Captains — David  Buftum,  2d,  of  S \vanzey. 

Died  at  New  Orleans,  La.,  June  19,  1863 

Judson  Wilkins,  of  Washington.  . 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

First  Lieuts. — Judson  Wilkins,  of  Washington. 

Promoted  to  Captain  June  20,  1863. 

Brooks  K.  Webber,  of  Antrim. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

Second  Lieuts. — Brooks  K.  Webber,  of  Antrim. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  June  20,  1863. 

Charles  J.  Wright,  of  Pelham. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

Co.  K. — Captain — Joseph  K  Thatcher,  of  Portsmouth. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 

First  Lieut. — George  T.  Wildes,  of  Portsmouth. 

Died  at  New  Orleans,  La.,  April  20,  1863. 

Second  Lieut. — Win.  A.  Haven,  of  Portsmouth. 

Mustered  out  August  20,  1863. 
COLONEL  JAMES  PIKE. 

Colonel  Pike  was  born  at  Salisbury,  Massachusetts,  in 
November,  1818 ;  was  educated  at  the  Wesleyan  Univer 
sity,  in  Connecticut;  is  a  minister  of  the  Methodist 


SIXTEENTH  REGIMENT.  531 

Episcopal  Church,  having  commenced  preaching  in 
1841,  and  had  been  presiding  elder.  He  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  from  the  First 
New  Hampshire  District,  in  1855,  and  was  re-elected  for 
a  second  term  in  1857,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Enrolled  Bills.  In  October,  1862,  he  was 
commissioned  Colonel  of  the  Sixteenth  Regiment  New 
Hampshire  Volunteer  Infantry,  and  served  with  it 
during  its  term  of  enlistment.  His  military  record  is 
identical  with  the  history  of  that  regiment.  He  is  a 
clergyman  of  considerable  ability,  stands  high  with  the 
Methodist  denomination ;  is  Presiding  Elder  of  the 
Dover  District  of  the  New  Hampshire  Conference,  and 
was  one  of  a  committee  to  investigate  the  affairs  of  the 
Methodist  Book  Concern,  of  New  York. 

The  Sixteenth  Regiment  joined  the  Banks  Expedition 
and  sailed  from  New  York  on  the  6th  of  December, 
1862,  on  two  separate  vessels.  The  first  detachment 
arrived  at  New  Orleans  on  the  20th,  and  were  joined  by 
the  second  on  the  1st  of  January,  1863.  The  regiment 
remained  at  Carrollton  and  in  the  defenses  of  New 
Orleans  until  the  advance  on  Port  Hudson.  On  the 
llth  of  January  Second  Lieut.  Prescott  Jones,  of  Com 
pany  E,  a  beloved  young  officer,  died  of  disease.  On 
the  17th  of  March  Second  Lieut.  John  S.  Baker,  of 
Company  F,  died  of  fever.  He  was  one  of  the  most 
competent  and  promising  line  officers  in  the  regiment. 

On  the  17th  of  March  an  advance  was  made  to  within 
six  miles  of  Port  Hudson,  in  which  the  Sixteenth  par 
ticipated.  Three  musicians  of  the  regiment  were  cap 
tured  by  the  enemy,  while  sleeping  in  a  slave  cabin 
belonging  to  a  plantation,  the  female  occupants  of  the 
house  on  which  having  signaled  the  rebels. 

On  the  18th  of  April  the  regiment  was  ordered  by 
General  Banks  to  embark  on  gunboats  and  co-operate  in 


532  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

an  attack  upon  Fort  Burton,  at  Butte  a  la  Rose,  a  fort 
some  seventy-five  miles  beyond  Brasheftr.  This  fort  was 
situated  in  a  cove  on  the  Alchafalaya  river,  at  a  confluence 
of  bayous,  and  its  possession,  after  the  triumphant  ad 
vance  of  our  army  to  Opelousas,  was  of  importance,  as  a 
protection  to  the  rear  of  the  columns ;  and  immediately 
after  its  capture  the  gunboat  Arizona  opened  communi 
cation  with  Admiral  Faragut,  on  Red  river.  The  Six 
teenth,  acting  as  sharpshooters,  was  distributed  among 
four  gunboats.  Arrived  at  Fort  Burton,  on  the  19th,  a 
short  engagement  took  place,  and  the  confederate  flag 
was  hauled  down,  the  fort  surrendered  to  the  commander 
of  the  squadron,  who  took  possession  of  the  works, 
arsenal  and  barracks  and  sent  the  garrison  prisoners  to 
NQW  Orleans.  The  Sixteenth  remained  here,  a  most 
pestilent  location,  surrounded  by  dense  forests  and 
impenetrable  swamps,  six  weeks.  Disease  was  contract 
ed  from  which  many  of  the  men  subsequently  died. 
The  regiment  had  been  in  command  of  the  Lieut. 
Colonel  since  leaving  'New  Orleans,  Colonel  Pike  having 
been  left  there  quite  out  of  health.  A  short  time  before 
leaving  Fort  Burton  he  arrived  and  assumed  command, 
which  he  retained  until  the  muster  out  of  the  regiment. 
On  the  30th  of  May  the  regiment  received  orders 
from  General  Banks  to  join  his  forces  at  Port  Hudson. 
Before  leaving  they  burned  the  barracks  surrendered  by 
the  rebels,  and  some  other  buildings,  this  having  been  a 
shipping  point  for  cotton,  sugar,  &c.,  and  the  guns  of 
the  fort  were  shipped  on  board  transports  sent  up  from 
Brashear  City.  The  rebel  pickets  were  close  upon  the 
retiring  troops,  and  had  their  stay  been  prolonged  a  day 
later  they  would  have  been  captured,  and  they  were 
believed  at  New  Orleans  to  have  been  "gobbled  up"  by 
the  advancing  enemy.  From  Algiers  the  sick  of  the 
regiment  were  sent  to  New  Orleans,  and  the  main  body 
passed  up  the  river  to  Springfield  Landing,  where  orders 


SIXTEENTH  REGIMENT.  533 

were  received  for  Colonel  Pike  to  report  with  his  com 
mand,  at  the  headquarters  of  General  Banks,  and  the 
Sixteenth  was  assigned  to  guard  duty  over  the  arsenal 
of  the  besieging  army.  This  disposition  of  the  regi 
ment  had  been  determined  on  previous  to  its  arrival,  on 
account  of  telegraphic  reports  from  General  Emery, 
commanding  defenses  of  New  Orleans,  to  General 
Banks,  that  there  were  "  only  a  few  skeletons  of  the 
Sixteenth  New  Hampshire  left."  When  the  regiment 
took  possession  of  Butte  a  la  Rose  it  numbered  near  six 
hundred  guns;  when  they  reached  the  headquarters  of 
General  Banks  before  Port  Hudson,  they  could  muster 
but  two  hundred  and  sixteen. 

At  Springfield  Landing,  which  was  the  depot  of  sup 
plies  for  the  whole  army,  a  detachment  from  the  Six 
teenth  encountered  a  sudden  attack  of  the  enemy's 
cavalry,  which,  if  successful,  would  have  put  the  entire 
force  investing  Port  Hudson  on  "short  commons." 
"While  before  Port  Hudson,  the  regiment  was,  for 
weeks,  in  line  from  three  o'clock  in  the  morning  till 
daylight,  in  the  expectation  of  an  attack  by  outlying 
parties  of  the  enemy  upon  that  part  of  the  line  of 
investment. 

On  the  8th  of  July  Port  Hudson  surrendered,  and  on 
the  10th  the  Sixteenth  was  among  the  last  of  the  forces 
to  enter  the  works.  Here  were  almost  daily  burials  of 
the  dead  of  the  regiment,  until  the  1st  of  August,  when 
it  embarked  for  home,  by  way  of  Cairo.  At  Vicksburg, 
General  Grant,  on  the  personal  solicitation  of  Colonel 
Pike,  ordered  his  post  surgeon  to  examine  the  sick  of 
his  regiment,  with  a  view  to  transfer  to  the  fine  floating 
hospital  there  of  all  who  were  unable  to  bear  the  journey 
home,  and  scores  were  left,  many  to  be  buried  by 
stranger  hands.  At  Cairo  similar  scenes  transpired,  and 
many  were  left  at  other  places  on  the  route,  several  of 
whom  never  reached  home.  The  regiment  reached 


534  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

Concord  on  the  14th,  and  was  finally  paid  and  discharg 
ed  on  the  20th.  Though  this  regiment  saw  but  little 
hard  fighting,  it  suffered  as  much  from  disease,  induced 
by  exposure  and  the  malaria  of  southern  swamps,  as  any 
from  New  Hampshire  had  done  from  all  causes  combined, 
in  the  same  length  of  time. 


SEVENTEENTH  REGIMENT.  535 


SEVENTEENTH  REGIMENT. 


As  has  been  stated  in  connection  with  the  Fifteenth 
Regiment,  in  the  autumn  of  1862,  a  call  was  received 
by  the  Governor  of  the  State  for  nine  months'  men 
sufficient  to  fill  three  regiments  of  infantry ;  and  it  was 
determined  to  apportion  this  levy  between  the  three 
congressional  -districts — the  Fifteenth  to  correspond  to 
the  first  district;  the  Sixteenth  to  correspond  to  the 
second  district,  and  the  Seventeenth  regiment  to  the 
third  district.  The  field  officers  of  the  respective 
commands  were  immediately  thereafter  commissioned 
and  announced  accordingly.  It  was  deemed  advisable 
to  fill  the  regiments  in  their  numerical  order,  as  fast 
as  men  were  enlisted,  without  regard  to  their  place 
of  residence.  Accordingly  those  who  volunteered  with 
promptitude  in  the  third  district  were  ordered  into  the 
Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  regiments,  leaving  for  the 
Seventeenth  the  dilatory  levies  from  all  the  districts. 
On  the  19th  of  November  the  regiment  was  ordered  into 
camp  at  Concord.  The  field  and  staff  officers  were : 
Colonel  Henry  0.  Kent,  of  Lancaster;  Lient.  Colonel, 
Charles  H.  Long,  of  Claremont;  Major,  George  H. 
Bellows,  of  Walpole;  Adjutant,  George  A.  Wainwright, 
of  Hanover;  Quartermaster,  Edward  N.  Cumrnings; 
Surgeon,  James  D.  Folsom  ;  Assistant  Surgeons,  Luther 
C.  Bean,  Horatio  N.  Small;  Chaplain,  George  S.  Barnes, 
Sergeant  Major,  J.  W.  Perkins;  Quartermaster  Ser 
geant,  John  C.  Jenness,  of  Lancaster,  Commissary  Ser 
geant,  John  P.  Dennison,  of  Lancaster ;  Hospital  Stew 
ard,  Albra  L.  Robinson. 

Nearly  a  full  company,  above  the  required  quota  of 


636  THE  GREA  T  REBELLION. 

the  town,  had  volunteered  for  this  regiment  in  Lancas 
ter,  the  residence  of  the  Colonel;  and*  the  records  of  the 
Adjutant  General's  office  show  that  there  were  enlisted 
and  mustered  into  the  Seventeenth,  and  enlisted  in  the 
territory  originally  assigned  it,  seven  hundred  and 
ninety-one  men.  The  unfilled  quotas  of  the  third  district, 
at  the  time  of  the  consolidation  of  the  Seventeenth  and 
Second,  with  this  number,  seven  hundred  and  ninety- 
one,  more  than  reaching  the  minimum  number  of  men 
required  by  the  regulations  for  a  complete  regimental 
organization. 

The  regimental  organization  was  perfected,  and  the 
drill,  discipline  and  instruction  of  the  command  com 
menced,  and  was  scrupulously  adhered  to.  In  December 
it  was  decided  to  postpone  the  State  draft,  and  orders  were 
issued  to  reject  all  substitutes  applying  for  enlistment 
on  the  unfilled  quotas.  Very  few  volunteers  appeared, 
and  on  the  9th  of  February,  1863,  officers  and  men  of 
the  Seventeenth  Regiment  were  furloughed  until  the  1st 
of  the  succeeding  April,  at  which  time  the  command 
*gain  reported  in  camp,  cheered  by  the  official  assurance 
that  the  regiment  would  be  at  once  filled,  in  order  to 
participate  in  the  spring  and  summer  campaign  of  1863. 

About  this  time  orders  were  received  by  Governor 
Berry,  from  the  Secretary  of  "War,  to  consolidate  the 
Seventeenth  and  Second  Regiments,  under  such  regula 
tions  as  he  might  prescribe.  On  the  16th  of  April,  1863, 
this  order  was  carried  into  effect,  the  officers  and  non 
commissioned  officers  of  the  regiment  mustered  out, 
and  the  enlisted  men  transferred.  The  order  effecting 
this  expressed  in  emphatic  terms  the  approbation  of  the 
civil  and  military  authorities  of  the  soldierly  deportment 
of  the  regiment  from  the  time  of  its  organization,  and 
the  excellent  discipline  and  deportment  that  had  uni 
formly  characterized  the  command,  was  remarked  on 
every  hand.  The  failure  to  fill  and  forward  the  Seven- 


SEVENTEENTH  REGIMENT.  537 

teenth  Eegiment  was  in  no  way  attributable  to  its  offi- 
,rs,  and  the  circumstances  which  seemed  to  make  the 
consolidation  advisable  were  regretted  alike  by  officers 
and  men.  The  men  proved  excellent  soldiers,  and 
behaved  so  well  at  Gettysburg  as  to  elicit  a  special  order 
of  commendation  from  the  colonel  of  the  regiment  at 
the  expiration  of  their  term  of  service. 


538  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

^ 

EIGHTEENTH  REGIMENT. 


On  the  19th  of  July,  1864,  the  War  Department 
issued  an  order  calling  for  five  hundred  thousand  volun 
teers,  and  under  this  call  the  State  authorities  com 
menced  recruiting  the  Eighteenth  Regiment.  Charles 
H.  Bell,  of  Exeter,  was  commissioned  Colonel,  and 
James  "W.  Carr,  of  Manchester,  Lieut.  Colonel,  both  of 
whom  resigned  before  being  mustered  into  the  United 
States  service,  and  their  places  were  filled  by  the 
appointment  of  Thomas  L.  Livermore,  of  Milford,  and 
Joseph  M.  Clough,  of  New  London. 

The  quota  of  the  State  having  been  filled  at  the  organi 
zation  of  the  sixth  company,  no  further  companies  were 
raised  until  the  next  call  for  troops,  which  was  made  on 
the  21st  of  December.  The  remaining  companies  were 
now  commenced,  and  on  the  17th  of  January,  1865, 
Major  Thomas  L.  Livermore,  of  the  Fifth,  who  was  at 
the  time  serving  on  the  staff  of  Major  General  Hum 
phries,  as  assistant  inspector  general  of  the  Second 
Corps,  was  commissioned  Colonel.  During  the  months 
of  February,  March  and  April,  three  of  the  new  com 
panies  joined  the  regiment.  Company  K,  however,  was 
stationed  on  duty  at  Galloupe's  Island,  in  Boston  har 
bor,  and  was  never  ordered  to  the  front,  but  was  mus 
tered  out  at  that  place,  on  the  6th  of  May,  by  order  of 
the  War  Department.  As  soon  as  the  tenth  company 
had  been  mustered  into  service,  Colonel  Livermore  was 
also  mustered,  and  joined  his  regiment  on  the  8th  of 
April.  The  following  is  the  list  of  field,  staff  and  com 
pany  officers  of  this  regiment,  and  the  official  record  of 
each: 


EIGHTEENTH  REGIMENT.  539 


FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

COLONEL — Thomas  L.  Livermore,  of  Milford. 

Appointed  Colonel  U.  S.  V.,  by  brevet,  while  Major  5th  N.  H.  V.,  for 
highly  valuable  and  meritorious  services,  to  date  from  April  7;  1865.  Muster 
ed  out  as  Colonel,  June  23,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonel — Joseph  M.  Clough,  of  New  London. 

Mustered  out  July  29,  1865. 

Majors — William  I.  Brown,  of  Fisherville. 

Killed  at  Fort  Steadman,  Va.,  March  29,  1865. 

Alvah  K.  Potter,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  June  23,  1865. 

Adjutants — George  F.  Hobbs,  of  Wakefield. 

Discharged  for  disability  March  18,  1865. 

Samuel  S.  Caswell,  of  Strafford. 

Mustered  out  July  29,  1865. 

Quartermaster — Moses  T.  Cate,  of  Wolfeborough. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Surgeons — Samuel  G.  Dearborn. 

Declined  March  14,  1865 

John  S.  Emerson. 

Mustered  out  July  29,  1865 

Ass't  Surgeons — A.  W.  Shepherd. 

Mustered  out  July  29,  1865 

Thomas  R.  Clement. 

Declined  March  28,  1805. 
Chaplain — Anthony  C.  Hardy,  of  Croydon. 

Mustered  out  July  29,  1865. 

Sergeant  Majors — Willis  G.  C.  Kimball,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  24,  1865. 

Leonard  H.  Wheeler,  of  Sutton. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Quartermaster  Sergeant — Sam'l  1ST.  Brown,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Commissary  Sergeant — Henry  L.  Harris,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Hospital  Steward — Frank  H.  Newman,  of  Hillsborough. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Principal  Musicians — Nathan  W.  Gove,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  18G5. 

William  S.  Mudgett,  of  Weare. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1866. 


540  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 


COMPANY  OFFICERS.    * 

Co.  A — Captains — Aivah  K.  Potter,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Major  April  4,  1865. 

Augustus  B.  Farmer,  of  Warner. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Augustus  B.  Farmer,  of  Warner. 

Promoted  to  Captain  April  4, 1865. 

Hiram  K.  Ladd,  of  Haverhill. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Hiram  3L  Ladd,  of  Haverhill. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  4,  1865. 

Joseph  H.  Cram,  of  Deerfield. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Co.  B. — Captain — Elias  F.  Smith,  of  Lebanon. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieut. — Reuben  B.  Porter,  of  Sutton. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieut. — Charles  L.  Porter,  of  Lyme. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Co.  C. — Captain — John  0.  Wallingford,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieut. — Samuel  S.  Caswell,  of  Strafford. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  May  19,  1865. 

Second  Lieut. — Wilson  Gray,  of  Strafford. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Co.  D. — Captain — William  S.  Greenough,  of  Chester. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieut. — William  A.  Haven,  of  Portsmouth. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieut. — John  Underbill,  of  Chester. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Co.  E. — Captain — William  A.  Gild,  of  Franklin. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

First  Lieut. — David  C.  Harriman,  of  Warner. 

Mustered  out  June  10, 1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — George  II.  Thorn,  of  Conway. 

Resigned  March  13,  1865. 

George  S.  Whitney,  of  Thornton. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Co.  F — Captain — G.  W.  Bosworth,  of  Lyndeborough. 

Mustered  out  June  10, 1865 


EIGHTEENTH  REGIMENT.  541 

First  Lieuts. — Samuel  II.  Dow,  of  Campion. 

Honorably  discharged  March  13,  1865. 

Oliver  A.  Gibbs,  of  Dover. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Oliver  A.  Gibbs,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  April  12,  1865. 

Henry  P.  Gage,  of  Orford. 

Mustered  out  June  10,  1865. 

Co.  G.— Captain— Willis  G.  C.  Kimball,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  July  29,  1865. 

First  Lieut. — Clarion  H.  Kimball,  of  Hopkinton. 

Mustered  out  July  29, 1865. 

Second  Lieut. — Thos.  F.  Dodge,  of  Londonderry. 

Mustered  out  July  29,  1865. 

Co.  H.  Captain — Silas  F.  Leonard,  of  Chester. 

Mustered  out  July  29,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — W.  Perkins,  of  Londonderry. 

Mustered  out  July'29,  1865. 

Second  Lieut. — Robert  K.  Flanders,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  July  29,  1865. 

Co.  I. — Captain — Benj.  B.  Thompson,  of  Wolfeborongh. 

Mustered  out  July  29,  1865. 

First  Lieut. — Fred  L.  Dodge,  of  Portsmouth. 

Mustered  out  July  29,  1865. 

Second  Lieut— E.  K  White,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  July  3,  1865. 

Co.  K. — Captain — John  A.  Colby,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  May  6,  1865. 

First  Lieut. — Henry  S.  Brown,  of  Concord. 

Mustered  out  May  6, 1865. 

Second  Lieut. — Edward  Nettleton,  of  Newport, 

Mustered  out  May  6,  1865. 

The  six  first  companies  of  the  Eighteenth  Regiment 
went  to  City  Point,  arid  were  assigned  to  General  Ben- 
ham's  engineer  brigade.  For  several  weeks  they  were 
employed  on  the  impregnable  fortifications  which  sur 
rounded  General  Grant's  base  of  supplies,  and  on  a 
corduroy  road  built  to  connect  City  Point  with  the 
Army  of  the  James.  On  the  10th  of  December  the 
brigade  moved  to  the  front  near  Petersburg,  but  return 
ed  to  its  old  quarters  on  the  13th.  On  the  18th  this 


542  THE  ORE  A  T  REBELLION. 

regiment,  with  enough  from  others  to  make  the  number 
up  to  twelve  hundred  men,  was  organized  as  a  provis 
ional  brigade,  under  the  command  of  Lieut.  Colonel 
Clough,  who  reported,  in  pursuance  of  orders,  to 
General  Ferrero,  commanding  defenses  of  Bermuda 
Hundred,  where  in  the  capacity  of  engineers  they  la 
bored  nearly  two  weeks,  strengthening  the  fortifications 
in  the  immediate  proximity  of  the  enemy.  At  the 
expiration  of  this  time  the  detail  returned  to  City  Point. 

On  the  19th  of  March  the  Eighteenth  was  detached 
from  the  engineer  brigade  and  reported  to  Major  Gen 
eral  Parke,  commanding  the  Mnth  Corps.  On  the  25th 
the  enemy  made  his  celebrated  assault  on  Fort  Stead- 
man,  which  resulted  in  its  capture.  The  Eighteenth 
was  engaged  in  the  re-capture  of  the  fort,  and  was  then 
assigned  to  the  first  division  of  the  corps,  commanded 
by  General  Wilcox,  and  by  him  assigned  to  the  third 
brigade,  and  placed  in  Fort  Steadman,  a  position,  which, 
owing  to  its  proximity  to  the  rebel  lines,  was  both 
important  and  dangerous.  A  constant  fire  was  kept  up 
by  the  pickets  on  both  sides,  and  artillery  duels  were  of 
frequent  occurrence. 

On  the  night  of  the  29th  the  enemy  again  attacked 
the  fort,  and  a  short  engagement  followed,  with  a 
heavy  fire  of  both  musketry  and  artillery  on  both  sides. 
The  rebels  were,  however,  quickly  repulsed  by  the 
Eighteenth.  Major  Brown,  who  was  much  respected 
and  loved,  was  killed  in  the  action.  Lieut.  Colonel 
Clough  was  slightly  wounded;  several  enlisted  men 
were  killed  and  wounded,  though  the  casualties  were 
rendered  light  by  the  protection  of  the  works. 

On  the  morning  of  the  2d  of  April,  the  Ninth  Corps, 
holding  the  wrorks  directly  in  front  of  Petersburg,  Gen 
eral  Wilcox's  division  was  ordered  to  assault  the  works, 
and  while  the  proper  disposition  of  the  troops  was  being 
made,  Captain  "W.  S.  Greenough  and  several  men  of 


EIGHTEENTH  REGIMENT.  543 

the  Eighteenth  were  severely  wounded.  The  order  for 
attack  was  countermanded.  In  a  skirmish  in  the  after 
noon  the  regiment  lost  one  man  killed,  three  danger 
ously  and  several  slightly  wounded.  On  the  3d,  the 
Eighteenth,  with  its  division,  entered  the  city  of  Peters 
burg.  On  the  5th  the  Mnth  Corps  moved  to  the  South 
Side  Railroad.  The  first  division  remained  near  Ford's 
Station  until  the  20th.  While  here  Colonel  Livermore 
joined  the  regiment  and  assumed  command.  The  regi 
ment  was  ordered  to  Alexandria,  where  it  arrived  on 
the  26th,  and  thence  marched  through  "Washington  and 
went  into  camp  on  Georgetown  Heights.  It  was  on 
guard  duty  in  Washington  during  the  trial  of  the  assas 
sins  of  President  Lincoln. 

On  the  10th  of  June  the  original  six  companies  which 
had  been  first  mustered  into  service,  were  mustered  out, 
and  arrived  in  Concord  on  the  13th,  where  they  were  at 
once  discharged.  Company  K  had  already  been  dis 
charged  at  Galloupe's  Island.  The  remaining  three 
companies  were  put  on  provost  guard  duty  in  George 
town,  under  command  of  Major  Potter,  Colonel  Liver- 
more  and  Lieut.  Colonel  dough  having  been  detailed 
on  a  general  court-marshal.  On  the  15th  Colonel  Liver- 
more  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  third  brigade 
of  the  division,  and  on  the  23d  both  he  and  Major 
Potter  were  mustered  out  of  service,  leaving  the  rem 
nant  of  the  regiment  in  command  of  Lieut.  Colonel 
dough.  On  the  29th  of  July  these  too  were  mustered 
out  of  service,  and  arrived  in  Concord  on  the  2d  of 
August,  receiving  final  discharge  and  pay  on  the  8th. 

By  order  of  the  War  Department,  the  names  of  the 
following  engagements  were  placed  upon  the  colors  of 
the  regiment: 

Fort  Steadman,  March  25,  1865. 

Attack  on  Petersburg,  April  2,  1865. 

Capture  of  Petersburg,  April  3,  1865. 


544  THE  ORE  A  T  REBELLION. 


FIRST  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  CAVALRY. 


The  First  Kegiment  of  New  Hampshire  Cavalry  was 
raised  in  the  spring  of  1864.  Four  companies  of  the 
regiment  were  veteran  companies  of  the  First  Rhode 
Island  Cavalry,  but  raised  in  New  Hampshire  in  the  fall 
of  1861.  The  Governors  of  the  six  New  England  States 
were  authorized  by  the  War  Department  to  raise  a  regi 
ment,  to  be  called  the  First  New  England  Cavalry,  to  be 
composed  of  twelve  companies — two  from  each  State. 
All  the  States  except  New  Hampshire  and  Rhode  Island, 
subsequently  raised  each  a  full  regiment,  while  New 
Hampshire  raised  four,  and  Rhode  Island  eight  compa 
nies.  These  twelve  companies  were  united  and  formed 
the  New  England  Cavalry.  The  four  New  Hampshire 
companies  formed  a  battalion,  commanded  by  Major 
David  B.  Nelson,  of  Manchester.  It  was  mustered  into 
the  United  States  service  at  Concord  in  the  fall  and 
winter  of  1861,  where  it  remained  until  the  22d  of 
December,  when  it  was  ordered  to  Pawtucket,  Rhode 
Island,  where  it  joined  the  other  companies  of  the  regi 
ment,  and  went  into  camp.  The  following  were  the 
field,  staff  and  company  officers  of  this  battalion,  with 
the  official  record  of  each : 

FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

Majors — David  B.  Nelson,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  June  3,  1862, 

John  L.  Thompson,  of  Plymouth. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  1st  N.  H.  Cavalry,  March  17,  1864 

Adjutant — George  T.  Cram,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Co.  G.  1st  N.  H.  Cavalry,  July  15,  1864. 


FIRST  CA  VALE  Y.  545 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

Troop  I — Captain — David  B.  Nelson,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Major  Dec.  3,  1861. 

John  L.  Thompson,  of  Plymouth. 

Promoted  to  Major  July  3,  18G2. 

First  Lieuts. — John  L.  Thompson,  of  Plymouth. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  3,  1861. 

George  T.  Cram,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Adjutant  Dec.  10,  1861. 

Arnold  Wyman,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  August  4,  1862. 

Second  Lieuts. — George  T.  Cram,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  3,  1861. 

Frank  Allen,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  July  15,  1862. 

Troop  K. — Captain — Stephen  R.  Swett,  of  Andover. 

Resigned  Oct.  13,  1862. 

First  Lieut. — Lorenzo  D.  Gove,  of  Hanover. 

Killed  Oct.  13,  1862. 

Second  Lieuts. — George  A.  Sawyer,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  Nov.  11,  1861. 

George  H.  Thompson,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  Aug.  4,  1862.     Wounded  severely  March  17,  1863. 

Troop  L. — Captain — John  J.  Prentiss,  of  Claremont. 

Dismissed  Dec.  30,  1863. 

First  Lieut. — Augustus  II.  Bixhy,  of  Francestown. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  18,  1862. 

Second  Lieut. — "Win.  P.  Prentiss,  of  Claremont. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  4,  1862. 

Troop  M. — Captain — William  P.  Ainsworth,  of  Nashua. 

Killed  at  Front  Royal,  Va.,  May  30,  1862. 

First  Lieut. — Joseph  F.  Andrews,  of  Nashua. 

Promoted  to  Quartermaster,  Jan.  1,  1862. 

Second  Lieut. — John  L.  Perley,  Jr.,  of  Laconia. 

Died  of  disease  at  Catlet's  Station,  Va.,  June  9,  1862. 

On  the  14th  of  March,  1862,  the  regiment  was  ordered 
to  "Washington,  where  it  joined  the  Army  of  the  Poto 
mac.  While  at  Washington  the  name  of  the  regiment 
was  changed  from  the  First  New  England  Cavalry  to 
the  First  Rhode  Island  Cavalry,  thus,  so  far  as  the  name 
might  indicate,  cutting  the  four  New  Hampshire  com- 


546  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

panics  off  from  all  identity  with  their  State.  This  was 
a  severe  blow  to  the  men  from  which*  they  never  fully 
recovered  while  they  remained  with  that  organization. 
As  a  consequence  of  this  change  of  name  the  Governor 
of  New  Hampshire  refused  to  send  the  battalion  recruits 
when  needed  to  fill  its  ranks. 

In  May  the  New  Hampshire  battalion  was  ordered  to 
Fredericksburg  to  report  to  General  Shields,  thus  sepa 
rating  them  from  the  Rhode  Island  portion  of  the  regi 
ment.  This  was  highly  satisfactory  to  the  New  Hamp 
shire  men.  On  the  30th  of  May,  in  a  charge  upon  the 
retreating  column  of  the  enemy,  who  were  burning 
bridges  after  them,  the  battalion  showed  great  dash  and 
courage.  The  enemy's  cavalry,  which  attempted  to  act 
as  a  rear  guard,  ingloriously  rode  down  their  own  infan 
try  and  escaped.  Coming  upon  the  enemy's  infantry 
some  were  sabered,  but  most  surrendered  as  soon 
as  they  were  reached.  The  enemy  made  a  stand  at  a 
narrow  gorge,  with  a  brook  running  through  it,  the 
bridge  over  which  could  only  be  crossed  by  file,  and  so 
posted  themselves  that  they  had  complete  range  of  the 
brook.  Captain  Ainsworth  and  about  a  dozen  men  boldly 
dashed  down  the  hill  to  cross  the  bridge.  They  were 
all  either  killed  or  seriously  wounded.  Captain  Ains 
worth  and  seven  men  were  killed,  and  ten  were  more  or 
less  seriously  wounded.  There  were  captured  from  the 
enemy  more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  officers  and 
men,  besides  baggage  wagons,  horses,  stores,  and  imple 
ments  of  war  of  all  kinds  in  great  numbers.  Only  the 
cavalry  and  a  small  remnant  of  a  regiment  of  infantry 
escaped.  This  was  the  battalion's  first  engagement,  and 
was  such  a  victory  as  surprised  even  those  who  had 
accomplished  it.  Immediately  after  the  action  at  Front 
Royal  Major  Nelson  resigned,  and  the  command  devolv 
ed  on  Captain  Thompson.  The  battalion  was  rejoined 
by  the  rest  of  the  regiment  on  the  first  of  June. 


FIRST  CA  VALE  Y.  547 

The  regiment  was  at  Bull  Run  on  the  29th  of  August, 
and  took  part  in  the  second  battle  there  on  the  30th. 
"When  the  retreat  commenced  it  took  the  rear  and  saved 
the  army.  The  regiment  participated  in  the  battle  of 
Chantilly,  on  the  1st  of  September,  and  had  almost 
daily  skirmishes  with  the  enemy  all  through  General 
Pope's  campaign.  A  picket  post,  stationed  at  Mouut- 
ville,  five  miles  from  any  support,  composed  of  part  of 
Companies  I  and  M,  under  command  of  Captain  Gove, 
was  attacked  October  31,  by  a  whole  brigade  of  cavalry 
under  General  Stuart,  and  a  large  number  killed  and 
captured.  Captain  Gove  and  several  men  were  killed, 
and  Lieut.  Andrews  and  about  twenty-five  men  were 
captured. 

When  general  Hooker  assumed  command  of  the 
army,  the  cavalry  was  organized  in  one  corps,  under 
command  of  General  Stoneman.  The  battle  of  Kelley's 
Ford  was  perhaps  the  first  real  cavalry  battle  of  the  war. 
The  enemy  charged  that  part  of  the  line  wrhere  the  First 
Rhode  Island  Cavalry  was  posted.  The  charge  was 
brilliantly  executed,  but  promptly  met  and  repulsed. 
There  was  a  short  but  severe  conflict,  and  the  enemy 
retreated,  leaving  many  prisoners  in  the  hands  of  the 
Union  troops.  The  regiment  took  part  in  the  celebrated 
Stoneman  raid,  and  with  that  exception  remained  in 
camp  near  Falmouth  until  the  25th  of  March,  1863. 

In  June  the  regiment,  numbering  but  about  three 
hundred  men — the  New  Hampshire  battalion  about  one 
hundred — while  in  camp  in  a  grove  near  Middleburg,  on 
the  road  from  Fairfax  Court  House  to  the  Blue  Ridge, 
was  surrounded  by  a  strong  force  of  the  enemy.  They 
must  surrender  or  fight,  and  they  determined  upon  the 
latter.  They  charged  through  the  enemy's  line,  but  many 
were  killed  and  captured.  That  night  there  were  not 
fifty  men  together  belonging  to  the  First  Rhode  Island 
Cavalry,  except  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy.  Subse- 


548  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

quently  a  few  men  found  their  way  to  headquarters,  but 
New  Hampshire  was  represented  by*  less  than  thirty 
men.  General  Duffie,  who  had  been  in  command  of  the 
regiment  about  a  year,  was  promoted  to  Brigadier  Gen 
eral,  and  was  succeeded  by  Lieut.  Colonel  Thompson. 
The  sick  and  those  who  were  on  detached  service  re 
turned,  and  in  July  the  regiment  numbered  about  two 
hundred  and  fifty  effective  men.  During  the  autumn 
it  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Auburn  and  Bristoe 
Station,  and  in  all  the  operations  of  the  Army  of  'the 
Potomac. 

FIRST  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  CAVALRY. 

In  January,  1864,  the  New  Hampshire  battalion  was 
detached  from  the  regiment,  with  a  view  to  forming  a 
new  regiment  exclusively  of  New  Hampshire  men. 
Nearly  all  the  men  re-enlisted,  and  in  February  left  the 
army  for  home  on  their  veteran  furlough,  and  to  form 
the  First  New  Hampshire  Cavalry.  Before  the  close  of 
April  the  four  old  companies  had  been  filled  to  the  max 
imum,  and  three  new  ones  had  been  completed  and 
mustered  into  service,  and  proceeded  to  Washington, 
where  they  arrived  on  the  25th.  The  regiment  was  not 
completed  until  July,  when  the  five  remaining  compa 
nies  were  sent  to  Washington.  The  regimental  organi 
zation  was  as  follows: 

COLONEL — John  L.  Thompson,  of  Plymouth. 

Appointed  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  Vols..  by  brevet,  for  distinguished  and 
meritorious  services,  to  date  from  March  13,  1865.  Mustered  out  as  Colonel 
July  15,  1865. 

Lieut.  Colonel — Benjamin  T.  Hutching,  of  Concord.* 
Majors — Arnold  Wyman,  of  Manchester. 

Joseph  F.  Arnold,  of  Nashua. 

John  A.  Cummings,  of  Peterborough. 
Quartermaster — George  W.  Towle,  of  Hooksett. 

*  Uuless  otherwise  stated  the  record  is— "Mustered  out  July  15, 1865." 


FIRST  CA  VALR  Y.  549 

Commissary — William  II.  Moulton,  of  Andover. 
Surgeon — George  W.  Pierce,  of  Winchester. 
Assistant  Surgeons — George  W.  Pierce,  of  Winchester. 

Wounded  in  five  places  and  captured  Nov.  12, 1864.    Released  Jan.  14, 1865. 
Promoted  to  Surgeon  Feb.  17,  1865. 

Frederick  A.  Eldridge,  of  Milford. 
Sergeant  Major — Walter  Perley,  of  Concord. 
Quartermaster  Sergeant — M.  B.  Clough,  of  Deering. 
Commissary  Sergeant — John  C.  Caryl,  of  Brookfield. 
Hospital  Steward — Daniel  S.  Mooney,  of  New  Hampton. 

Mustered  out  May  29,  1865. 

Veterinary  Surgeon — Charles  B.  Prentiss,  of  Concord. 

COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

Troop  A. — Captain — Edwin  "Vaughan,  of  Claremont. 

Honorably  discharged  May  15,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — George  W.  Estabrook,  of  Concord. 

Wounded  severely  Sept.  29,  1864.     Mustered  out  Jan.  4,  1865. 

John  Steele,  of  Goifstown. 
Second  Lieut. — Geo.  W.  Morrison,  of  Haverhill. 

Missing  near  Lacy   Springs,   Va.,  Dec.  21,  1864.     Gained  from  missing. 
Mustered  out  July  15,  1865. 

Troop  B. — Captain — Otis  C.  Wyatt,  of  Sanbornton. 

First  Lieut. — Edward  P.  Abbott,  of  Manchester. 

Wounded  June  23,  1864.     Absent  on  detached  service  at  Elmira,  N.  T., 
July  15,  1865.     No  discharge  furnished. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  Steele,  of  Goffstown. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  23,  1865. 

John  S.  Cilley,  of  Andover. 
Troop  C. — Captain — Pierce  L.  Wiggin,  of  Ossipee. 

First  Lieut. — William  H.  Palmer,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Feb.  23,  1865. 

Second  Lieut.- — John  P.  Thompson,  of  Andover. 
Troop  D. — Captain — Ezra  B.  Parker,  of  Littleton. 

Absent  on  detached  service  at  Annapolis,  Md.,  July  15, 1865.     No  discharge 
furnished. 

First  Lieut. — Fred  P.  Stone,  of  Webster. 
Second  Lieut. — Chas.  H.  Kelley,  of  Farmington. 

Resigned  Jan.  19,  1865. 

Troop  E. — Captain — Benjamin  F.  Rackley,  of  Dover. 
First  Lieut. — Charles  E.  Patrick,  of  Claremont. 


550  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Second  Lieut. — W.  Tuttle,  of  Newmarket. 
Troop  F. — Captain— Nathaniel  II.  BroVn,  of  Deny. 

First  Lieut. — George  H.  Smith,  of  Farmington. 
Second  Lieut. — Horatio  Mclntire,  of  Keene. 

Dismissed  Feb.  15,  1865 

Troop  G. — Captain — George  T.  Cram,  of  Meredith. 
First  Lieut. — George  E.  Gilman,  of  Meredith. 

Discharged 

Second  Lieut. — Oscar  J.  Converse,  of  Rindge. 
Troop  H. — Charles  E.  Patrick,  of  Claremont. 

Not  mustered.     Mustered  out  as  First  Lieut.  July  15,  1865 

First  Lieut. — Frank  P.  Cram,  of  Hampton  Falls. 
Second  Lieut. — George  H.  Pressey,  of  Sutton. 

Honorably  discharged  March  17,  1865 

Troop  I. — Captains — A.  H.  Bixhy,  of  Francestown. 

Commissioned  by  the  Governor  of  Rhode  Island.     Honorably  discharged  on 
account  of  wounds  Nov.  9,  1864. 

George  II.  Thompson,  of  Concord. 

Not  mustered.     Promoted  to  Major  5th  U.  S.  Vols.,  March  27,  1865. 

William  H.  Palmer,  of  Manchester. 
First  Lieuts — William  II.  Moulton,  of  Andover. 

Promoted  to  Commissary  Jan.  25,  1865. 

Thomas  C.  Edwards,  of  Keene. 
Second  Lieut. — Thomas  C.  Edwards,  of  Keene. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  23,  1865. 

Troop  K. — Captains — Wm.  P.  Prentiss,  of  Claremont. 

Mustered  out  Jan.  18,  1865. 

George  A.  Bobbins,  of  Hillsborough. 
First  Lieuts. — George  H.  Thompson,  of  Concord. 

Commissioned  by  the  Governor  of  Rhode  Island.     Promoted  to   Captain 
Dec.  17,  1864. 

Frank  P.  Flynn,  of  Lebanon. 
Second  Lieut. — Frank  P.  Flynn,  of  Lebanon. 

Promoted  "to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  23,  1865. 

Troop  L. — First  Lieuts. — G.  A.  Robbins,  of  Hillsborough. 

Mustered  out  Dec.  17,  1864. 

Philip  Jones,  of  Somersworth. 
Second  Lieut. — Robert  Campbell,  of  Sutton. 

Killed  at  White  Oak  Swamp,  Va.,  June  13,  1864. 

Troop  M.— Captains— George  H.  Rhodes. 

Commissioned  by  the  Governor  of  Rhode  Island.     Discharged  for  disability 
Nov.  10,  1864. 


FIRST  CA  VALE  Y.  551 

Henry  B.  Haley,  of  Newmarket. 

Honorably  discharged  March  30,  1865. 

First  Lieut. — Robert  P.  Shapley,  of  Rye. 

Died  of  disease  at  Darnstown,  Md.,  June  2,  1865. 

Second  Lieut. — Henry  B.  Haley,  of  Xewmarket. 

Promoted  "to  Captain  Jan.  16,  1865. 

The  First  New  Hampshire  Cavalry  was  attached  to 
the  third  division  of  the  cavalry  corps,  General  Wil 
son  commanding.  In  an  engagement  near  White  Oak 
Swarm,  on  the  13th  of  June,  1864,  Lieut.  Campbell  and 
several  -men  were  killed,  and  many  wounded.  For  the 
conduct  of  the  regiment  on  this  occasion,  and  in  cover 
ing  the  movement  of  the  army  across  thevlames,  it  was 
highly  commended  by  the  lieutenant  general  command 
ing. 

WILSON'S  RAID. 

On  the  morning  of  the  21st  of  June,  at  an  early  hour, 
the  cavalry  were  ordered  to  prepare  for  a  long  march. 
The  regiment  with  its  division  was  joined  at  Jerusalem 
Plank  Road  by  General  Kautz's  cavalry  command  from 
the  Army  of  the  James,  the  whole  under  command  of 
General  Wilson  ;  a  force  of  nine  thousand  sabers,  twelve 
guns,  and  six  mounted  howitzers.  The  command  cross 
ed  the  Weldon  Railroad  at  Ream's  Station,  destroyed 
the  track  for  several  miles,  and  then  moved  rapidly  to 
the  South  Side  Railroad,  where  they  burned  bridges  and 
destroyed  several  miles  of  track.  ISTear  Nottaway  Court 
House  they  were  attacked  by  a  cavalry  division  of  the 
enemy  under  Fitz  Hugh  Lee,  and  after  a  severe  fight, 
killing  and  wounding  more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty 
of  the  enemy,  they  retreated  in  confusion.  At  Stony 
Creek  Station,  on  the  Weldon  Railroad,  they  met  a 
largely  superior  force  of  the  enemy,  consisting  of  infan 
try  cavalry  and  artillery,  which  had  been  detached  from 
Lee's  army  for  the  purpose  of  intercepting  them. 


552  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Wilson's  command  retired  to  Ream's  Station,  where  the 
enemy  was  met  in  still  larger  force,  atid  it  became  evi 
dent  that  the  design  was  to  capture  the  whole  party, 
which  had  destroyed  their  railroad.  So  perilous  had 
the  position  of  the  command  become  that  'General 
Wilson  determined  to  abandon  his  wounded,  destroy  his 
caissons,  limbers,  and  ammunition  wagons,  and  attempt 
to  cut  his  way  through.  After  a  desperate  fight  a  por 
tion  of  the  command  escaped,  but  the  enemy  captured 
all  the  artillery  and  compelled  the  retreat  of  the  remain 
der  of  the  cavalry.  Arriving  at  City  Point,  orders  were 
issued  to  dismount  all  the  cavalry  regiments  recruited 
since  a  certain  date,  which  included  this  regiment,  and 
convert  them  into  infantry;  but  on  the  representation  by 
General  Wilson  of  its  good  discipline  and  effectiveness, 
the  First  New  Hampshire  was  excepted.  This  famous 
raid  was  seldom  equalled  during  the  war,  either  in  its 
hardships  or  results.  Eighty  miles  of  railroad  track, 
four  locomotives,  two  trains  of  cars,  large  quantities  of 
tobacco  and  cotton  were  destroyed,  twenty-five  hundred 
contrabands  and  a  great  number  of  horses  and  mules 
brought  into  the  Union  lines,  and  the  communication  of 
Lee's  army  with  the  south  completely  cut  off  for  a 
month.  In  this  raid  the  regiment  suffered  a  loss  of  one 
officer  and  seventy  men,  killed,  wounded  or  missing. 

All  through  the  summer  and  fall  of  1864  the  New 
Hampshire  Cavalry  was  continually  active  in  co-oper 
ating  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  with  its  division, 
by  itself  and  by  detachments,  on  raids,  skirmishing  and 
performing  long,  hasty,  and  tedious  marches  to  points 
where  its  services  were  required — gaining  for  itself  a 
high  reputation  for  discipline  and  efficiency,  and  reflect 
ing  honor  upon  the  State. 

The  army  lay  at  Winchester,  in  winter  quarters,  until 
the  last  of  February,  1865,  little  of  importance  occur 
ring.  On  the  18th  of  December,  in  an  expedition  up 


FIRST  CAVALRY.  553 

the  valley,  the  division  was  attacked  at  night,  and  in 
the  confusion  Lieut.  Colonel  Hut  chins  and  several  others 
were  captured.  Later  in  the  winter  fifty  picked  men, 
under  Lieuts.  Palmer  and  Jones,  took  part  in  the  raid 
which  resulted  in  the  capture  of  Harry  Gilmor,  the 
noted  guerrilla. 

On  the  26th  of  February  General  Sheridan,  with  the 
two  divisions  of  Cavalry  commanded  respectively  by 
Generals  Custar  and  Merritt,  started  on  the  raid  on 
which  he  reached  Richmond,  after  capturing  the  rem 
nants  of  Early 's  army,  and  destroying  railroads  and  the 
James  River  canal.  The  Twenty-second  New  York 
was  joined  with  the  First  New  Hampshire,  under  com 
mand  of  Colonel  Thompson,  both  regiments  being 
reduced  in  numbers,  and  acting  as  a  single  regiment. 
On  the  fourth  day  the  command  reached  Waynes- 
borough,  a  small  village  about  twelve  miles  south  of 
Staunton,  on  the  railroad  leading  to  Gordonsville.  The 
enemy  was  found  strongly  posted  on  the  ridge  at  the 
entrance  to  the  village,  in  rifle-pits,  and  having  many 
guns  in  position  in  earthworks.  Two  regiments  were 
dismounted  and  sent  to  make  a  demonstration  on  the 
enemy's  left,  while  the  First  New  Hampshire  and  two 
others  were  kept  in  front,  mounted  for  a  charge.  At 
the  signal  for  the  charge  Colonel  Thompson's  command 
took  the  front,  followed  by  the  Eighth  New  York  and 
First  Vermont.  The  men  rode  up  to  the  rifle-pits,  leap 
ed  their  horses  over  the  works,  and  with  their  sabers 
alone  captured  about  fifteen  hundred  prisoners,  all  the 
artillery,  wagons,  other  property,  and  the  colors  of 
every  regiment  and  detachment  engaged.  The  rebel 
army  was  entirely  demolished.  The  prisoners  were 
taken  to  Winchester  by  Colonel  Thompson,  with  a 
guard  of  seven  small  regiments,  including  the  First 
New  Hampshire  Cavalry,  numbering  about  six  hundred, 
and  a  few  dismounted  men.  This  was  a  responsible 


554  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

duty,  his  rear  being  continually  threatened  and  several 
times  attacked  by  the  enemy.  It  Was  accomplished, 
however,  without  the  loss  of  a  prisoner,  but  on  the  con 
trary  having  materially  increased  their  number  by 
captures. 

The  five  companies  unorganized  when  the  seven  first 
ones  left  the  State,  were  largely  composed  of  substitutes, 
and  others  who  enlisted  for  the  heavy  bounties  offered, 
many  of  whom  deserted  on  the  way  and  after  reaching 
the  regiment.  They  did  not  join  the  regiment  until 
March,  1865,  but  were  kept  on  detached  duty.  The 
regiment  was  mustered  out  of  service  on  the  29th  of 
June,  arrived  at  Concord  on  the  16th  of  July,  and  on 
the  21st  was  paid  and  discharged. 


LIGHT  BA  TIER  Y.  555 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  LIGHT  BATTERY. 


The  first  and  only  light  battery  sent  to  the  war  from 
New  Hampshire  was  organized  at  Manchester  in  the 
autumn  of  1861.  It  was  mustered  into  the  United 
States  service  on  the  26th  of  September.  The  following 
were  its  officers,  and  their  official  record  : 

Captains — George  A.  Gerrish,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  March  7,  1863. 

Frederick  M.  Edgell,  of  Orford. 

Promoted  to  Major  1st  Regt.  N.  H.  Heavy  Artillery  Nov.  10,  1864. 

George  K.  Dakin,  of  Manchester. 

See  12th  Company  Heavy  Artillery. 

First  Lieuts. — Edwin  H.  Hobbs,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  June  22,  1863. 

Frederick  M.  Edgell,  of  Orford. 

Promoted  to  Captain  March  8, 1863. 

John  "Wadleigh,  of  Orford. 

Discharged  to  accept  promotion  April  3,  1864. 

"William  N.  Chamberlain,  of  Orford. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  6,  1864. 

Gilman  Stearns,  of  Orford. 

Mustered  out  Oct.  5,  1864. 

George  K.  Dakin,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  3,  1864. 

Ephraim  Fiske,  of  Manchester. 

See  12th  Company  Heavy  Artillery. 

Ezra  D.  Cilley,  of  Manchester. 

See  12th  Company  Heavy  Artillery. 

Second  Lieuts. — John  Wadleigh,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut  March  8, 1863. 

Henry  F.  Condict,  of  Manchester. 

Resigned  June  2,  1863. 

John  R.  Piper,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  23,  1864 

Orrin  Taber,  of  Manchester. 

Mustered  out  Oct  7,  1864. 


556  THE  GREA  T  REBELLION. 

John  E.  Bean,  of  Manchester. 

See  12th  Company  Heavy  Artillery 

Asa  D.  Gilmore,  of  Concord. 

See  12th  Company  Heavy  Artillery 

On  the  1st  of  November  this  company  proceeded  to 
Washington,  completely  armed  and  equipped  as  a  six 
gun  battery.  It  was  assigned  to  the  first  Division  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  Major  General  McDowell  com 
manding,  and  maved  to  Munson's  Hill,  Virginia.  The 
Battery  was  with  its  division  in  the  advance  upon 
Manassas,  on  the  10th  of  March,  1862,  and  occupied  the 
City  of  Fredericksburg  on  the  18th  of  April.  On  the 
9th  of  August  it  marched  with  its  division  to  join  Gen 
eral  Pope  at  Culpeper  Court  House,  and  arrived  at 
Cedar  Mountain  on  the  llth,  two  days  after  the  battle 
at  that  place.  On  the  retreat  of  General  Pope's  com 
mand,  the  Battery  was  engaged  with  the  enemy  at 
Rappahannock  station  on  the  22d  of  August,  at  Sul 
phur  Springs  on  the  26th,  and  reached  the  battle  ground 
of  Bull  Run  on  the  29th.  Toward  evening  a  reconnoi- 
tering  force,  consisting  of  the  brigade  of  General  Hatch, 
the  First  New  Hampshire  Battery  and  a  few  cavalry 
troops  was  sent  down  the  Warrenton  road;  met  the 
enemy  in  force  near  Groveton,  and  after  a  short  but 
severe  engagement  was  repulsed.  The  Battery  lost  in 
this  action  two  men  killed ;  Lieut.  "Wadleigh  and  several 
men  severely  wounded;  Captain  Gerrish  -and  ten  men 
taken  prisoners,  and  one  gun  captured  by  the  enemy. 

The  Battery  was  engaged  in  the  action  at  Antietam 
on  the  17th  of  September,  in  the  corps  of  General 
Hooker.  It  commenced  the  action  on  the  extreme 
right,  at  daylight,  and  rendered  efficient  service  in  differ 
ent  parts  of  the  field  during  the  entire  day.  It  had 
only  a  few  men  wounded  and  a  few  horses  killed  and 
disabled.  Captain  Gerrish  and  Lieut.  Wadleigh  rejoin 
ed  the  Battery  on  the  5th  of  November,  and  it  proceeded 


LIGHT  BA  TTER  Y.  557 

to  Aqua  Creek,  Ya.  It  took  active  part  in  the  battle  of 
Fredericksburg,  on  the  13th  of  December.  It  moved 
to  its  position  in  the  line  of  battle,  which  was  on  the 
extreme  left  of  Keyn olds'  Corps  of  Franklin's  Grand 
Division,  early  in  the  morning.  Here  it  soon  became 
engaged  with  the  batteries  of  the  enemy,  and  continued 
fighting  until  dark.  It  lost  three  men  killed,  fifteen 
wounded,  and  about  twenty  horses  killed  and  disabled. 
Captain  Gerrish,  then  acting  Chief  of  Artillery  of  First 
Division,  was  \vounded  early  in  the  action  and  taken 
from  the  field.  A  few  days  later  it  went  into  winter 
quarters  at  Pratt's  Landing,  on  Potomac  Creek. 

In  March,  1863,  Captain  Gerrish,  being  still  disabled 
by  his  wound,  resigned  his  command.  The  Battery 
moved  with  its  corps  toward  the  Rappahannock,  below 
Fredericksburg,  and  was  there  engaged  with  the  enemy 
on  the  29th  and  30th  of  April  and  2d  of  May.  It  was 
afterward  engaged  at  Chancellorsville,  on  the  4th  'and  5th 
of  May,  sustaining  small  loss.  In  May  it  was  transferred 
from  the  First  Corps  to  the  Artillery  Reserve.  The 
Battery  with  the  Reserve  Artillery,  arrived  at  Gettys 
burg  early  on  the  morning  of  the  2d  of  July,  and  was 
put  in  position  on  Cemetery  Hill,  which  post  it  main 
tained  until  noon  on  the  4th,  doing  excellent  service, 
especially  in  assisting  to  repel  the  furious  assaults  of 
the  enemy  on  the  3d.  Although  exposed  for  many 
hours  to  a  destructive  fire,  it  had  but  three  men 
wounded,  and  sustained  but  a  small  loss  in  horses  and 
material. 

On  the  15th  of  October  the  battery  was  assigned  to 
the  Third  Army  Corps,  and  joined  the  command  at 
Union  Mills  on  the  same  day.  On  the  8th  of  November 
it  was  engaged  in  a  sharp  skirmish  with  the  enemy  at 
Brandy  Station,  and  again  at  Mine  Run  on  the  30th. 
It  subsequently  went  into  winter  quarters  at  Brandy 
Station. 


558  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

In  the  Spring  of  1864,  the  Battery  was  assigned  to 
the  Second  Army  Corps,  Major  General  Hancock  com 
manding,  and  joined  it  at  Stevensburg,  Va.,  on  the  19th 
of  April.  It  was  engaged  with  the  enemy  at  the  battle 
of  the  Wilderness,  on  the  6th  of  May,  and  with  the 
Sixth  Maine  Battery,  was  posted  in  one  of  the  few 
places  accessible  to  artillery,  and  withstood  the  shock 
of  the  charging  columns  of  Longstreet's  Corps,  and 
drove  back  the  enemy  with  severe  loss.  It  sustained 
no  loss  except  a  few  horses  killed  and  disabled.  It  was 
engaged  at  Po  Eiver  on  the  9th,  10th  and  llth,  where 
one  officer  and  two  men  were  severely  wounded,  others 
slightly,  and  four  or  five  horses  killed  or  disabled.  It 
was  engaged  at  Spottsylvania,  fighting  on  the  14th  and 
18th  of  May,  without  loss.  At  North  Anna  River  on 
the  23d,  it  supported  the  advance  of  Birney's  Division, 
which  succeeded  in  carrying  the  bridge  and  in  effecting 
a  crossing. 

At  Cold  Harbor  the  battery  fought  again  on  the  3d 
and  5th  of  June,  having  two  men  wounded  and  two 
horses  killed.  It  arrived  at  Petersburg  on  the  16th  and 
was  immediately  placed- in  position  for  battle,  and  during 
this  and  the  succeeding  four  days  was  sharply  engaged, 
having  two  men  severely  wounded.  Up  to  the  30th 
of  June,  in  the  campaign  of  that  year,  it  had  marched 
one  hundred  and  fifty  miles,  and  been  eighteen  days 
engaged  in  action  with  the  enemy. 

On  the  27th  of  July,  at  Deep  Bottom,  the  Battery 
engaged  a  battery  of  the  enemy  which  was  greatly 
annoying  the  Union  troops,  and  in  less  than  thirty  min 
utes  the  hostile  battery  was  completely  silenced,  its  men 
driven  from  their  guns,  and  one  of  its  limbers  exploded. 
The  only  loss  to  the  New  Hampshire  Battery  was  two 
horses  killed,  and  a  caisson  disabled.  It  again  returned 
to  the  front  of  Petersburg,  arriving  there  on  the  morn 
ing  of  the  30th,  ready  to  take  part  in  the  assault  of  that 


LIGHT  BA  TTER  Y.  559 

day.  From  the  20th  to  the  30th  of  August  it  was 
almost  every  day  engaged,  during  which  time  it  lost  one 
man  killed  and  two  severely  wounded  by  the  enemy's 
sharpshooters.  It  was  now  removed  to  Fort  Hill,  where 
it  remained  until  the  7th  of  September,  and  was  then 
placed  on  the  front  line  of  Battery  No.  13,  where  it 
remained  until  the  22d  of  October,  being  almost  con 
stantly  engaged.  From  July  1st  to  October  22d,  the 
Battery  had  been  twenty  days  engaged  with  the  enemy. 
On  the  25th  of  September,  its  first  term  of  enlist 
ment  having  expired,  fifty-nine  men  of  the  original 
number,  who  had  not  re-enlisted,  were  mustered  out  of 
service,  together  with  four  officers.  By  an  order  from 
the  War  Department,  on  the  5th  of  November,  this 
organization  was  transferred  to  the  First  Regiment  of 
New  Hampshire  Heavy  Artillery,  with  the  designation 
of  Battery  M,  but  guarantied  to  remain  detached  as  a 
Light  Battery  in  the  field.  Perhaps  no  organization 
from  this  State  rendered  more  faithful  and  valuable  ser 
vice  to  the  country,  or  made  for  itself  a  more  honorable 
record,  than  the  First  New  Hampshire  Battery,  in  the 
three  years  of  its  existence. 


560  THE  GEE  A  T  REBELLION. 


FIRST  HEAVY  ARTILLERY. 


In  April,  1863,  the  War  Department  granted  special 
authority  to  raise  in  New  Hampshire  a  company  of 
Heavy  Artillery,  to  garrison  the  defenses  of  Portsmouth 
harbor,  and  on  the  17th  of  that  month  Charles  H.  Long, 
late  Lieut.  Colonel  of  the  Seventeenth  Regiment — 
which  was  not  mustered  into  the  United  States  service — 
was  commissioned  Captain.  The  organization  was  com 
pleted  and  the  company  was  mustered  into  the  service 
on  the  22d  of  July,  1863,  and  stationed  at  Fort  Consti 
tution. 

On  the  18th  of  August,  1863,  Ira  McL.  Barton,  for 
merly  a  Captain  in  the  Fifth  Regiment,  was  commission 
ed  Captain  of  a  second  company,  raised  under  similar 
authority  and  for  similar  purposes  as  the  first.  It  was 
mustered  into  the  United  States  service  on  the  17th  of 
September,  and  was  stationed  at  Fort  McClary,  Kittery 
Point. 

These  companies  remained  at  their  respective  posts 
until  May,  1864.  During  this  time  the  first  company 
made  many  improvements  in  Fort  Constitution,  build 
ing  a  long  set  of  quarters  for  the  men.  The  second 
company,  stationed  at  Fort  McClary,  upon  the  Quarter 
master's  purchasing  the  lumber,  built,  without  any 
assistance,  one  of  the  finest  hospitals  belonging  to  the 
United  States  on  the  New  England  coast.  On  the  6th 
of  May,  both  companies,  under  orders  from  Major  Gen 
eral  Dix  reported  to  General  Augur,  commanding  the 
Department  of  Washington,  and  were  assigned  for  duty 
in  the  defenses  of  that  city.  Company  A  furnished 
men  for  garrison  duty  at  Forts  Slocum,  Stevens,  Totten, 


HEAVY  ARTILLERY.  561 

Sumner,  and  Batteries  Parrott,  Cameron,  Kendall,  and 
Vermont.  Company  B  was  sent  as  a  relieving  and 
occupying  force  into  ten  different  forts,  among  them 
Forts  Bunker  Hill,  Saratoga,  Lincoln,  Bayard,  Gaines, 
and  Foote,  at  which  last  important  work  they  were 
stationed  as  a  permanent  garrison.  Company  A  was 
stationed  in  the  defenses  north  of  the  city,  and  assisted 
in  defeating  Early  in  his  raid  on  Washington — Captain 
Long  being  in  command  of  a  Provisional  Battalion  of 
four  hundred  men. 

In  August,  1864,  Captain  Ira  McL.  Barton  made  appli 
cation  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  through  Governor  Joseph 
A.  Gilmore,  of  ,  New  Hampshire,  for  leave  to  raise  a 
battalion  of  at  least  four  companies  of  Heavy  Artillery, 
which  was  granted  on  the  19th  of  August.  Captain 
Barton  was  placed  on  recruiting  service  by  the  War 
Department,  and  returning  to  New  Hampshire,  took 
charge  of  the  organization  of  the  companies,  under 
Adjutant  General  Natt  Head.  In  the  meantime  a  third 
company  had  been  started,  and  was  quickly  raised  by 
Captain  J.  0.  Chandler,  of  Manchester.  The  four 
additional  companies  authorized  by  the  War  Depart 
ment  were  very  soon  filled.  One  at  Dover,  by  Captain 
George  W.  Colbath;  one  at  Concord,  by  Captain  R.  S. 
Davis;  one  at  Nashua,  by  Captain  D.  J.  Flanders,  and 
one  at  Laconia,  by  Captain  A.  S.  Libby.  Recruits  came 
in  so  rapidly  that  the  four  companies  authorized  were 
soon  more  than  filled,  and  Adjutant  General  Head 
obtained  authority  to  raise  other  companies.  One  was 
raised  at  Newport  by  Captain  C.  C.  Shattuck,  and 
another  at  Lancaster,  by  Captain  Charles  0.  Bradley, 
while  a  third  was  organized  from  a  ninety  days'  com 
pany  at  Fort  Constitution,  and  a  fourth  from  general 
volunteers  at  Concord,  the  former  under  Captain 
George  C.  Houghton,  and  the  latter  under  Captain  R.  E. 
Welch. 


562  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

The  companies  were  ordered  to  "Washington  as  fast  as 
they  were  organized,  and  were  assigned  to  duty  under 
the  direction  of  Major  General  Augur.  Ten  companies 
having  been  organized,  and  the  eleventh  having  been 
commenced,  authority  was  given  to  complete  the  regi 
mental  organization.  The  Governor  commissioned 
Captain  Long  as  Colonel,  and  Captain  Barton  as  Lieut. 
Colonel.  Lieut.  Colonel  Barton  was  immediately  mus 
tered,  and  was  relieved  from  duty  in  New  Hampshire 
by  Colonel  Long,  who  undertook  the  completion  of  the 
regiment.  It  being  found  impossible  to  raise  the  twelfth 
company,  which  was  necessary  to  fully  complete  the 
regimental  organization,  and  to  admit  of  the  muster  of 
Colonel  Long,  the  New  Hampshire  Light  Battery  was 
assigned  to  the  regiment,  and  on  the  16th  of  November 
Colonel  Long  was  mustered  and  assumed  command. 
The  following  is  a  list  of  the  field,  staff  and  company 
officers,  and  the  official  record  of  each : 

FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

COLONEL — Charles  II.  Long,  of  Clarmont.* 
Lieut.  Colonel — Ira  McL.  Barton,  of  Newport. 
Majors — George  A.  Wainwright,  of  Hanover. 

Dexter  G.  Reed,  of  Newport. 

Frederick  M.  Edgell,  of  Orford. 
Surgeon — Ezekiel  Morrill,  of  Concord. 
Ass't  Surgeons — R.  W.  Price,  of  Seabrook. 

Amos  S.  Bixby,  of  Acworth. 
Chaplain— C.  W.  Walker,  of  Stratford. 
Sergeant  Major — Norman  A.  Tuttle,  of  Keene. 
Quartermaster  Sergeant — S.  D.  Hill,  of  Manchester. 
Commissary  Sergeant — Wm.  D.  Haley,  of  Tuftonboro'. 
Hospital  Stewards — Sam.  Nims,  of  Newport. 
Principal  Musicians — Hiram  S.  Clifford,  of  Alexandria. 

John  II.  Caswell,  of  Concord. 

*Unle88  otherwise  stated,  the  record  is  "  Mustered  out  June  15, 1865." 


HE  A  VY  ARTILLER  Y.  663 


COMPANY  OFFICERS. 

Co.  A.— Captains— Charles  H.  Long,  of  Claremont. 

Promoted  to  Colonel  Sept.  29,  1864. 

Benjamin  F.  Wells,  of  Lisbon. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  11,  1865. 

First  Lieuts.— Geo.  A.  Wainwright,  of  Hanover. 

Promoted  to  Major,  Sept.  29,  1864. 

Benjamin  F.  "Wells,  of  Lisbon. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  9,  1864. 

Frank  G.  Wentworth,  of  Lee. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  11,  1865. 

Christopher  W.  Harold,  of  Portsmouth. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  11,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Benjamin  F.  Wells,  of  Lisbon. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  10,  1863. 

Christopher  W.  Harold,  of  Portsmouth. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  9,  1864. 

Frank  G.  Wentworth,  of  Lee. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  29,  1864. 

Clarence  S.  Grey,  of  Portsmouth. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  11,  1865. 

Walter  S.  Bailey,  of  Lancaster. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  11,  1865. 

Co.  B. — Captains — Ira  McL.  Barton,  of  Newport. 

Promoted  to  Lieut.  Colonel  Sept.  29,  1864. 

George  P.  Thyng,  of  Gilford. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  11,  1865. 

First  Lieuts. — Dexter  G.  Reed,  of  Newport. 

Promoted  to  Major  Sept.  29,  1864. 

Samuel  Webster,  of  Dover. 

Died  Feb.  3,  1864. 
George  P.  Thyng,  of  Gilford. 

^Promoted  to  Captain  Sept.  29,  1864. 

Lucius  H.  Bus  well,  of  Grantham. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  11,  1865. 

Haskell  P.  Coffin,  of  Londonderry. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  11,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Thos.  J.  Whittle,  of  Manchester. 

Honorably  discharged  June  11,  1864. 

George  P.  Thyng,  of  Gilford. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  4,  1864. 

Lucius  A.  Buswell,  of  Grantham. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  29,  1864. 


564  THE  ORE  A  T  REBELLION. 

Alexander  V.  Hitchcock,  of  Newport. 

Honorably  disqharged  July  29,  1864. 

Haskell  P.  Coffin,  of  Londonderry. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  29,  1864. 

Joseph  Mills,  of  Great  Falls. 

Honorably  discharged  June  8,  1865. 

Albert  Miner,  of  Croydon. 

Mustered  out  Sept.  11,  1865. 

Co.  C. — Captain — James  0.  Chandler,  of  Manchester. 
First  Lieuts. — James  R.  Carr,  of  Manchester. 

James  G.  Burns,  of  Manchester. 
Second  Lieuts. — James  G.  Burns,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  8,  1864. 

Moses  0.  Pearson,  of  Manchester. 

Reuben  Dodge,  of  Manchester. 
Co.  D. — Captain — George  W.  Colbath,  of  Dover. 

First  Lieuts. — Wm.  S.  Pillsbury,  of  Londonderry. 

William  F.  Thayer,  of  Dover. 
Second  Lieuts. — William  F.  Thayer,  of  Dover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Sept.  12,  1864. 

Joseph  T.  S.  Libby,  of  Dover. 
Moses  P.  Moulton,  of  Dover. 

Honorably  discharged  Feb.  15,  1865. 

Joseph  II.  Flagg,  of  Kingston. 
Co.  E. — Captain — Robert  S.  Davis,  of  Concord. 

First  Lieuts. — Joseph  C.  Clifford,  of  Salisbury. 

Plumer  D.  Watson,  of  Northwood. 
Second  Lieuts. — Joseph  I.  Shallis,  of  Concord. 

Melvin  L.  Ingalls,  of  Concord. 
Co.  F. —  Captain — Daniel  J.  Flanders,  of  Nashua. 
First  Lieuts. — Major  A.  Shaw,  of  Nashua. 

Henry  M.  Mills,  of  Nashua. 
Second  Lieuts. — Milton  A.  Taylor,  of  Naslma. 

George  H.  Sears,  of  Nashua. 

Co.  G. — Captain — Alvah  S.  Libby,  of  Wolfeborough. 
First  Lieuts. — James  H.  Swan,  of  Laconia. 
Levi  F.  Whitney,  of  Gilford. 

Discharged  for  disability  Jan.  20,  1866. 

William  W.  Ballard,  of  Ilolderness. 


SEA  VY  ARTILLER  Y.  565 

Second  Lieuts. — Wm.  W.  Ballard,  of  Holderness. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Feb.  23,  1865. 

George  W.  Home,  of  Wolfeborough. 
Henry  F.  Hunt,  of  Gilford. 

Co.  H. — Captain — Charles  C.  Shattuck,  of  Newport. 
First  Lieuts. — Clark  Edwards,  of  Landaff. 

Truman  L.  Heath,  of  Newport. 
Second  Lieuts. — P.  H.  Welcome,  of  Newport. 

Albert  S.  Holland,  of  Keene. 

Co.  I. — Captains — Charles  0.  Bradley,  of  Concord. 
First  Lieuts. — John  C.  Jen  ness,  of  Lancaster. 

William  H.  ShurtlefF,  of  Lancaster. 
Second  Lieuts — Clark  Stevens,  of  Columbia. 

Chauncey  H.  Greene,  of  Littleton. 

Co.  K. — Captain — George  C.  Hough  ton,  of  Manchester. 
First  Lieuts. — Charles  L.  Bailey,  of  Manchester. 
John  E.  Johnson,  of  Manchester. 

Promoted  to  Captain  and  A.  Q.  M.  U.  S.  V.,  May  11,  1865. 

Second  Lieut. — H.  A.  Lawrence,  of  Manchester. 

Edward  J.  Wing,  of  Manchester. 
Co.  L. — Captain — Richard  E.  Welch,  of  Concord. 

First  Lieuts.— Stephen  E.  Twombly,  of  Milton. 

Paine  Durkee,  of  Croydon. 
Second  Lieuts. — Wm.  C.  Mahurin,  of  Columbia. 

George  E.  Crummett,  of  Concord. 
Co.  M. — LIGHT  BATTERY. 

Captain — George  K.  Dakin,  of  Manchester. 
First  Lieuts. — Ephraim  Fisk,  of  Manchester 

Ezra  D.  Cilley. 
Second  Lieuts. — John  R.  Bean. 

Asa  D.  Gilmore,  of  Concord. 

All  the  officers  of  this  Battery  were  Mustered  out  June  9,  1865. 

On  the  21st  of  November,  1864,  Colonel  Long  was 
assigned  to  the  command  of  Hardin's  division,  Twenty- 
second  Army  Corps,  and  the  command  of  the  regiment 
devolved  upon  Lieut.  Colonel  Barton.  On  the  25th 


566  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Battery  A  was  ordered  to  Portsmouth  harbor,  and  in 
February,  1865,  Battery  B  was  ordered  "for  duty  at  the 
same  place.  During  the  winter  and  until  the  muster 
out  of  the  regiment,  it  garrisoned  a  line  of  works  ten 
miles  in  extent,  and  gained  considerable  proficiency  in 
artillery  drill. 

On  the  15th  of  June,  1865,  the  regiment  was  muster 
ed  out  of  service,  and  arrived  at  Concord  on  the  19th, 
where  it  received  final  pay  and  discharge. 


SHARPSHOOTER 


SHARPSHOOTERS.  567 

SHARPSHOOTERS. 


New  Hampshire  furnished  three  companies  of  Sharp 
shooters  for  the  army.  In  the  summer  of  1861,  Colonel 
Berdan  procured  permission  from  the  War  Department 
to  raise  a  force  of  Sharpshooters,  and  a  promise  that 
two  thousand  Sharpe's  rifles  should  be  manufactured 
for  them.  The  result  was  the  First  and  Second  Regi 
ments  of  United  States  Sharpshooters,  commonly  known 
as  Berdan's  Sharpshooters,  of  which  the  three  compa 
nies  from  this  State  formed  a  part.  Colonel  Berdan 
asked  the  Governor  first  for  one,  and  then  for  two  more 
companies.  The  test  prescribed  by  the  War  Depart 
ment  for  Sharpshooters  was:  each  man  must  make  a 
string  of  ten  shots,  measuring,  in  the  aggregate,  from 
center  of  bull's  eye  to  center  of  ball,  not  more  than 
fifty  inches,  at  a  distance  of  one  hundred  yards  off-hand, 
or  two  hundred  yards  at  a  rest.  This  was  the  maximum, 
but  the  strings  of  the  men  admitted  into  the  first  com 
pany  varied  from  seven  to  thirty  inches.  It  was 
mustered  into  the  United  States  service  on  the  9th  of 
September,  1861,  and  left  the  State  [for  Weehawken, 
"New  Jersey,  the  rendezvous  of  the  first  regiment,  on  the 
llth,  and  was  assigned  to  the  first  regiment  as  Company 
E.  The  second  company  was  mustered  into  service  on 
the  28th  of  November,  1861,  and  the  third  on  the  10th 
of  December,  1861.  Each  of  these  companies  consisted 
of  three  officers  and  ninety-five  men.  They  left  the 
State  for  Washington  as  soon  as  mustered,  and  reported 
to  Colonel  Berdan,  at  Camp  of  Instruction.  They  were 
assigned  to  the  second  regiment  as  Companies  F  and  Q-. 
The  following  were  the  officers  of  all  these  companies 
during  their  term  of  service,  with  the  record  of  each: 


568  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Co.  E. — Captains — Amos  B.  Jones,  of  Washington. 

Promoted  to  Major  2d  U.  8.  Sharpshooters,  Dec.  3,  1861. 

William  P.  Austin,  of  Claremont. 
Wounded  Aug.  30, 1862.     Discharged  on  account  of  wounds  May  16,  1863. 

William  (jr.  Andrews,  of  Warner. 
Wounded  slightly  Aug.  16,  1864.     Mustered  out  Sept.  8,  1864. 

First  Lieuts. — William  P.  Austin,  of  Claremont. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Dec.  20,  1861. 

William  H.  Gibbs,  of  Hanover. 

Resigned  Aug.  31,  1862. 

William  G.  Andrews,  of  Warner. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Oct.  1,  1863 

Samuel  D.  Monroe,  of  Washington. 

Killed  at  Kelley's  Ford,  Va.,  Nov.  7,  1862 

Isaac  Davis,  of  Fisherville. 

Wounded  severely  May  81,  1864.     Mustered  out  Sept.  8,  1864. 

Second  Lieuts. — William  H.  Gibbs,  of  Hanover. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Dec.  20, 1861. 

Cyrus  E.  Jones,  of  Bradford. 

Wounded  and  captured  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va.     Exchanged.     Died  of  wounds 
at  New  York  City  Aug.  7,  1862. 

Benjamin  F.  Brown,  of  Concord. 

Discharged  for  disability  August  18,  1863. 

Samuel  D.  Monroe,  of  Washington. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Oct.  1,  1863. 

Co.  F. — Captains — Henry  M.  Caldwell,  of  Dunbarton. 

Died  July  12,  1862. 

Edward  T.  Rowell,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Major  July  1,  1864. 

Samuel  F.  Murray,  of  Auburn. 

Honorably  discharged  Dec.  29,  1864. 

Asel  B.  Griggs,  of  Orford. 
Transferred  to  Co^K,  5th  N.  H.  V.,  to  date  Dec.  23,  1864. 

First  Lieuts. — James  II.  Hildreth,  of  Lebanon. 

Resigned  August,  1863. 

Samuel  F.  Murray,  of  Auburn. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Sept.  10,  1863. 

Edwin  F.  Chadwick,  of  Boscawen. 

Honorably  discharged  April  25,  1864. 

Asel  B.  Griggs,  of  Orford. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Jan.  16,  1865. 

James  E.  Follansbee,  of  Mont  Yernon. 

Transferred  to  Co.  K,  5th  N.  H.  V.,  to  date  Dec.  23,  1864. 


SHARPSHOOTERS.  569 

Second  Lieuts. — Edward  T.  Rowell,  of  Concord. 

Promoted  to  Captain  July  13,  1862. 

Samuel  F.  Murray,  of  Auburn. 

Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Aug.  30,  1863. 

Asel  B.  Griggs,  of  Orford. 

Wounded  June  21,  1864.  ^  Promoted  to  First  Lieut.  Nov.  22,  1864. 

Co.  G. — Captains — William  D.  McPherson,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  Oct.  31,  1862. 

Howard  P.  Smith,  of  Hudson. 

Wounded  May  6,  1864.     Mustered  out  Dec.  24,  1864 

First  Lieuts. — John  A.  Moores,  of  Canterbury. 

Resigned  Nov.  14,  1862. 

Albert  G.  Fisher,  of  New  Ipswich. 

Discharged  April  2,  1864. 

Abner  I).  Colby,  of  Manchester. 

Taken  prisoner  May  6,  1864.     Exchanged  Feb.  28,  1865.     Mustered  out 
June  21,  1865. 

Second  Lieuts. — Edward  Dow,  of  Concord. 

Resigned  July  16,  1862. 

John  "W.  Thompson,  of  Nashua. 

Killed  Sept.  17,  1862. 

Howard  P.  Smith,  of  Hudson. 

Promoted  to  Captain  Nov.  1,  1862. 

Warren  H.  Fletcher,  of  Claremont. 

Transferred  to  Co.  K,  5th  N.  H.  V.,  Dec.  23,  1864. 

Company  E  spent  the  winter  of  1861-62  at  Camp  of 
Instruction  in  drilling  and  target  practice.  Earl}7  in  the 
spring  of  1862  the  First  Regiment  United  States  Sharp 
shooters  was  assigned  to  Fitz  John  Porter's  Division, 
with  which  it  made  its  first  campaign.  On  the  9th  of 
March,  in  a  reconnoissance  toward  Big  Bethel,  the  only 
enemy  found  was  a  few  cavalry  scouts,  one  of  whom  was 
shot  from  his  horse  at  a  "distance  of  about  thirteen 
hundred  yards,  by  private  James  Morse,  of  company  E. 
This  was  the  first  man  shot  on  either  side  in  the  Penin 
sula  campaign.  The  regiment  took  the  advance  of  the 
Fifth  Corps  on  the  march  to  Yorktown,  and  on  the  5th 
of  April  distinguished  themselves  in  the  first  battle  of 
the  campaign,  crawling  up  near  the  enemy's  works  and 
with  their  target  rifles  picking  off  the  rebel  gunners  so 


570  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

surely  as  to  render  their  batteries  nearly  useless.  It  was 
in  this  engagement  that  the  company  lost  its  first  man 
killed,  private  J.  S.  M.  Ide,  of  Claremont.  During  the 
long  siege  of  Yorktown  which  succeeded,  the  sharp 
shooters  were  constantly  at  work,  and  kept  the  enemy 
from  molesting  working  parties. 

After  the  capture  of  Yorktown,  on  the  5th  of  May, 
they  proceeded  by  water  to  West  Point,  where  they 
exchanged  their  target  guns  for  Sharpe's  rifles.  On  the 
27th  they  took  part  in  the  battle  of  ^  Hanover  Court 
House,  and  then  accompanied  Porter's  Corps  through 
the  famous  seven  days'  fight,  losing  heavily  in  the  battles 
of  Mechanicsville,  Games'  Mill  and  Malvern  Hill.  At 
the  latter  place  Second  Lieut.  C.  E.  Jones  was  wounded 
and  taken  prisoner,  soon  after  which  he  died.  At 
Gainesville  and  second  Bull  Run,  in  August,  the  com 
pany  suffered  considerable  loss  in  killed  and  wounded, 
among  the  latter  of  whom  was  Captain  William  P.  Aus 
tin,  of  Claremont,  who  had  his  arm  severely  shattered. 
At  Blackford's  Ford,  on  the  19th  of  September,  in  a 
sharp  engagement,  they  drove  the  rebels  and  captured 
several  pieces  of  artillery.  They  took  part  in  the  terri 
ble  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  on  the  13th  of  December, 
and  were  the  last  troops  withdrawn  across  the  river  after 
the  attack  was  abandoned. 

Early  in  January,  1863,  the  two  regiments  of  sharp 
shooters  wrere  brought  together  in  one  command,  under 
Colonel  Berdan.  While  thus  organized  they  took  part 
in  the  great  battle  of  Chance'llorsville,  where  they  greatly 
distinguished  themselves,  first  in  the  engagement  known 
as  "  The  Cedars,"  where  they  took  the  entire  Twenty- 
third  Georgia  Regiment  prisioners,  and  afterward  in 
the  great  battle  of  May  3d,  where  they  suffered  heavily. 

At  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  the  sharpshooters  were 
almost  constantly  engaged,  and  contributed  their  full 
share  toward  that  victory  which  saved  Washington  from 


SHARPSHOOTERS.  571 

capture,  and  turned  the  tide  in  favor  of  the  Union  arms. 
They  then  joined  in  the  pursuit  of  Lee,  and  bore  the 
brunt  of  the  sharp  fight  of  Wapping  Heights,  where 
their  splendid  skill  in  skirmishing,  their  coolness  and 
the  deliberation  and  accuracy  of  their  aim  won  great 
praise  from  Generals  Meade  and  French,  who  were  eye 
witnesses  of  their  movements.  They  also  distinguished 
themselves  in  a  charge  at  Auburn,  on  the  13th  of  Octo 
ber,  which  elicited  a  special  complimentary  order  from 
the  Corps  commander.  At  Kelley's  Ford,  November 
3d,  they  drove  the  enemy  across  the  Rappahannock, 
captured  a  large  number  of  prisoners,  and  gained  a 
lodgment  of  the  Union  forces  on  the  other  side  of  the 
river.  Here  Sergeant  Samuel  D.  Monroe,  who  had  been 
commissioned  first  lieutenant,  but  not  mustered,  was 
instantly  killed.  On  the  27th  and  28th  of  November,  in 
the  severe  battles  at  Locust  Grove  and  Mine  Run,  they 
took  an  active  part,  and  suffered  considerable  loss. 

In  the  winter  the  sharpshooters  were  assigned  to  the 
Third  Brigade,  Third  Division,  Second  Army  Corps, 
General  Hancock  commanding,  with  Brigadier  General 
Alexander  Hayes  as  brigade  commander.  With  this 
brigade  they  went  through  the  bloody  campaign  of  the 
summer  of  1864,  under  fire  almost  without  cessation, 
every  day  from  the  5th  of  May  until  they  were  mustered 
out  of  service,  during  which  campaign  Captain  W.  G. 
Andrews  and  First  Lieut.  Isaac  Davis  were  both 
wounded. 

On  the  8th  of  September  the  original  members  of 
Company  E,  less  than  a  score  in  number,  were  mustered 
out  of  service.  By  order  of  the  various  Corps  com 
manders  under  which  it  served,  this  company  was 
allowed  to  inscribe  upon  its  colors  the  names  and  dates 
'  of  thirty  battles  and  skirmishes  in  which  it  participated, 
the  first  being  at  Lewinsville,  September  27,  1861,  and 
the  last  at  Deep  Bottom,  August  15  and  16,  1864. 


572  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Companies  F  and  G  formed  a  part  of  the  Second  Regi 
ment.  After  remaining  at  Camp  of  Instruction,  near 
"Washington,  through  the  winter  of  1861-62,  on  the  18th 
of  March  the  regiment  was  assigned  to  the  brigade  of 
General  Augur,  First  Division,  First  Corps,  and  joined 
the  command  at  Camp  Williams,  near  Fairfax  Seminary. 
They  met  the  enemy  for  the  first  time  at  Falmouth,  on 
the  15th  of  April,  and  in  a  short  skirmish  drove  them 
across  the  Rappahannock,  At  the  time  of  Banks' 
retreat  to  Harper's  Ferry,  and  during  the  trip,  the  regi 
ment  lost  one  man  killed  and  about  sixty  wounded,  by  a 
collision  of  trains  on  the  railroad.  On  the  12th  of  July 
Captain  II.  M.  Caldwell,  Company  F,  died  of  typhoid 
fever,  and  the  service  thus  lost  a  brave,  patriotic  and 
faithful  officer.  First  Lieut.  J.  II.  Hildreth  was  detailed 
as  aid  to  General  Gibbon,  and  the  command  of  the 
company  devolved  on  Lieut.  Rowell. 

At  Rappahannock  Station,  in  a  sharp  engagement,  on 
the  23d  of  August,  Company  F  had  its  first  man 
wounded — Sergeant  J.  P.  Dodge,  of  New  Boston.  The 
two  companies  bore  an  honorable  part  in  the  disastrous 
campaign  of  General  Pope,  in  the  battles  of  Sulphur 
Springs,  Gainesville,  and  Bull  Run.  They  won  great 
praise  from  their  commanding  officers  at  the  battles  of 
South  Mountain  and  Antietam,  where  they  suffered 
heavy  losses.  Among  the  killed  was  Second  Lieut.  J. 
W.  Thompson,  of  Company  G,  who  was  shot  through 
the  head  while  attempting  to  capture  a  stand  of  rebel 
colors.  The  regiment  was  hotly  engaged  at  Fredericks- 
burg,  on  the  13th  of  December,  under  General  Franklin. 
As  stated,  the  two  regiments  of  sharpshooters  were 
brought  together  in  one  brigade,  early  in  January,  1863, 
and  so  continued  through  the  campaign  of  the  succeed 
ing  summer.  At  Sulphur  Springs  the  First  Regiment 
was  transferred  to  the  third  brigade,  while  the  Second 
remained  with  General  Ward's,  taking  part  in  the 


SHARPSHOOTERS.  573 

battles  of  Kelly's  Ford,  Locust  Grove,  Mine  Run,  and 
encamped  during  the  winter  at  Brandy  Station.  In 
January,  1864,  more  than  two-thirds  of  each  company 
re-enlisted,  and  the  regiment  became  a  veteran  regiment 
and  received  a  furlough. 

The  history  of  these  companies  during  the  bloody 
campaign  of  1864,  is  mainly  like  that  of  company  E. 
They  were  used  mostly  as  skirmishers  and  sharpshooters, 
and  were  almost  constantly  under  fire.  From  the  time 
of  the  consolidation  of  the  two  regiments,  in  January, 
1863,  they  participated  in  the  same  battles  and  skir 
mishes  as  Company  E.  Previous  to  this  time  they  par 
ticipated  in  eight  engagements,  in  all  of  which  they 
acted  with  great  coolness  and  gallantry.  Major  Rowell 
was  wounded  severely  at  the  battle  of  Petersburg ;  Cap 
tain  Murray,  Company  F,  was  taken  prisoner  at  the 
battle  of  Ream's  Station,  and  was  in  the  hands  of  the 
enemy  several  months,  and  Captain  H.  P.  Smith,  Com 
pany  G,  was  severely  wounded  in  the  battle  of  the 
Wilderness.  The  few  original  men  of  these  two 
campanies  who  had  not  re-enlisted,  were  mustered 
out  of  service  at  the  expiration  of  their  term,  in  Novem 
ber  and  December,  1864.  The  remainder,  with  the  rest 
of  the  regiment,  wrere  consolidated  into  one  company, 
with  those  left  of  the  First  Regiment,  and  were  trans 
ferred  to  the  Fifth  New  Hampshire,  in  which  they 
formed  Company  K,  with  three  officers,  Captain  Griggs,' 
First  Lieut.  Follansbee,  and  Second  Lieut.  Fletcher. 

These  three  companies  of  Sharpshooters  contained 
some  of  the  best  rifle  shots  in  the  State,  and  have  not 
been  surpassed  by  any  organization  from  New  Hamp 
shire  for  the  intelligence  and  soldierly  qualities  of  their 
members.  They  participated  in  more  battles  and  skir 
mishes  than  the  average  of  regiments,  and  probably 
killed  more  rebels  than  the  same  number  of  troops  in 
any  other  arm  of  the  service ;  while  from  their  having 


5  74  THE  GREA  T  REBELLION. 

been  seldom  used  in  line  of  battle  in  dense  masses,  tbey 
suffered  less  loss  in  comparison  than  many  other  regi 
ments. 


SUMMARY  OF  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  TROOPS. 

\Vhole  number  of  different  commissioned  officers, 1601 

Promoted  in  Regiments, 761 

Promoted  out  of  Regiments, 50 

Whole  number  of  commissions  issued, 2362 

Declined  commissions, 49 

Not  mustered  in  grade  to  which  commissioned 217 

Mustered  out  at  expiration  of  term, ...784 

Honorably  discharged  for  various  reasons, 466 

Killed  in  action,  or  died  of  wounds 136 

Died  of  disease,  43;  committed  suicide,  1 44 

Dishonorably  discharged,  39;  Commissions  revoked,  13 52 

Whole  number  of  original  enlisted  men, 19851 

Killed  in  action  or  died  of  wounds, 1056 

Died  of  disease, 2006 

Honorably  discharged  for  disability,  or  other  causes, 3767 

Mustered  out  at  expiration  of  term 8216 

Transferred  to  other  commands, 938 

Deserted, , 1191 

Promoted  in  Regiments  to  com'd  officers  and  non-com'd  staff, : 582 

Promoted  out  of  Regiments, 55 

Dishonorably  discharged, 23 

Missing  in  action,  133  ;  not  officially  accounted  for,  116 249 

Absent  when  regiment  was  mustered  out, 150 

Accidental  deaths, 31 

Re-enlisted  veterans, ..1571 

Executed  for  desertion,  1 ;  committed  suicide  1, 2 

Deserters  returned  voluntarily,  or  captured, 199 

Died  in  rebel  prisons, 138 

Whole  number  of  volunteer  recruits,  drafted  men  and  substitutes, ....11298 

Killed  in  action,  or  died  of  wounds 443 

Missing  in  action, 133 

Died  of  disease 515 

Mustered  out  at  expiration  of  term, 2914 

Honorably  discharged  for  disability  and  other  causes, 655 

Deserted 3549 

Executed  for  desertion 13 

Deserters  returned  voluntarily,  or-captured 205 

Died  in  rebel  prisons, 130 

From  the  above  it  will  be  seen  that  the  whole  number  of  commissioned 
officers  in  the  war  from  New  Hampshire  was  1601  ;  enlisted  men,  recruits 
and  substitutes,  31,149 — making  a  total  of  men  from  the  State  of  32,750, 
out  of  a  population  of  less  than  330,000,  or  about  ten  per  cent,  of  the 
whole  population. 


THE  GREAT  REBELLION.  575 

The  Fifth  Kegiment  lost  the  greatest  number  of  men 
killed,  though  the  Twelfth  suffered  most  heavily  in  pro 
portion  to  its  numbers,  losing  over  one-tenth  of  its 
members  on  the  field,  while  the  loss  of  the  Fifth  was 
less  than  one-twelfth.  The  First,  Sixteenth  and  Seven 
teenth  regiments  lost  no  men  killed  in  battle.  The 
Ninth  lost  the  greatest  absolute  number,  but  the  Six 
teenth  the  greatest  percentage  by  disease.  The  deaths 
in  the  latter  amounted  to  over  twenty  per  cent,  notwith 
standing  it  was  never  in  an  engagement.  The  number 
of  desertions  varied  with  the  number  and  character  of 
the  recruits  received  in  the  latter  months  of  the  war. 
Many  deserted  on  their  way  to  the  field,  and  never 
reached  the  regiment  to  which  they  were  assigned. 

The  authorities  of  the  State  looked  well  to  the  needs 
of  her  soldiers,  under  all  circumstances.  Colonel  Frank 
E.  Howe,  of  the  City  of  New  York,  and  Robert  R.  Car 
son,  of  Philadelphia,  were  early  appointed  agents  to 
look  after,  provide  and  care  for  the  sick  and  w^ounded 
soldiers  of  New  Hampshire  who  were  in  hospitals  or 
passing  through  those  cities,  and  each  forwarded  month 
ly  reports  of  names,  disability  and  deaths  in  the  several 
hospitals,  and  other  important  facts  in  relation  to 
soldiers  coming  under  their  observation.  Other  agents 
were  appointed  and  sent  to  army  hospitals  and  battle 
fields  to  look  after  the  sick  and  wounded  and  bury  the 
dead. 

From  the  1st  to  the  15th  of  April,  1865,  great  events 
transpired,  agitating  the  country  from  one  end  to  the 
other.  Richmond  was  taken,  Lee's  army  surrendered 
to  General  Grant,  at  Appomattox  Court  House — and 
while  the  north  was  rejoicing  at  the  prospect  of  a  speedy 
peace  and  a  happy  issue  out  of  our  national  difficulties, 
President  Lincoln  was  assassinated  at  Ford's  Theater,  in 


576  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

Washington,  where  he  went  by  special  invitation,  on 
the  evening  of  the  14th,  by  John  Wflkes  Booth,  and 
expired  the  next  morning,  about  half-past  seven  o'clock. 
The  country  was  plunged  into  deep  mourning.  The 
same  day  Andrew  Johnson,  the  Vice  President,  was 
inaugurated  President  of  the  United  States.  In  ac 
cordance  with  recommendation  from  Washington,  the 
Governor  of  New  Hampshire  issued  a  proclamation 
suggesting  that  funeral  obsequies  be  observed  through 
out  the  State  on  the  19th,  which  was  obeyed  by  every 
considerable  town.  President  Johnson  designated  the 
1st  of  June  for  further  memorial  service  to  the  lamented 
Abraham  Lincoln,  throughout  the  country,  and  Gover 
nor  Gilmore  made  proclamation  to  the  people  of  New 
Hampshire  accordingly.  Hon.  James  W.  Patterson, 
then  Representative  in  Congress,  accepted  an  invitation 
from  the  Governor  and  the  Honorable  Council  to  pro 
nounce  a  Funeral  Eulogy,  at  Concord,  and  the  people 
of  the  State  were  invited  to  assemble  there  and  join  in 
the  ceremonies.  They  turned  out  in  large  numbers, 
including  military  and  other  organizations;  the  exer 
cises  agreed  upon  were  fully,  solemnly  and  creditably 
carried  oat,  and  the  procession  was  the  largest  ever 
known  in  the  State.  It  was  a  spontaneous  expression 
of  the  sorrow  of  the  people  for  the  loss  of  a  great,  good 
and  patriotic  man,  respected  and  beloved  by  every  true 
American,  as  no  other  man  had  been  since  George 
Washington. 


ICHABOD  GOODWIN.  577 

BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES. 


GOVERNOR  ICHABOD  GOODWIN. 

Ichabod  Goodwin  was  born  in  that  part  of  the  ancient 
town  of  Brunswick,  Maine,  now  known  as  North  Ber 
wick,  in  October,  1796.  When  fourteen  years  old  he 
entered,  as  clerk,  the  counting  room  of  Samuel  Lord, 
Esq.,  a  merchant,  of  Portsmouth.  In  1817  he  went 
to  sea  as  supercargo  to  a  ship,  in  the  employment  of 
John  P.  &  Samuel  Lord,  of  Portsmouth.  Soon  after 
he  sailed  as  master  and  supercargo  of  one  of  their  ships, 
and  then  became  interested  with  them  in  the  ships  he 
commanded.  In  1832  he  abandoned  the  sea,  and  en 
gaged  in  an  extensive  mercantile  business,  in  connection 
with  Samuel  E.  Coues,  Esq.,  at  Portsmouth.  He  repre 
sented  that  city  in  the  popular  branch  of  the  New 
Hampshire  Legislature,  in  1838,  '43,  '44,  '50,  '54,  and  '56, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1850.  He  was  the  first  President  of  the  Eastern  Rail 
road  Company,  in  New  Hampshire,  and  held  the  office 
for  twenty  years.  In  1847  he  was  elected  the  President 
of  the  Portland,  Saco,  and  Portsmouth  Railroad  Com 
pany,  which  office  he  still  holds.  In  March,  1859,  Mr. 
Goodwin  was  elected  Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  and 
was  re-elected  in  1860 — his  term  of  office  extending  to 
June  5,  1861,  covering  the  breaking  out  of  the  rebellion 
and  the  raising  of  the  first  two  regiments  of  volunteer 
infantry  from  the  State  in  the  War  of  the  Rebellion. 
This  was  a  most  trying  period  in  the  history  of  New 
Hampshire,  and  most  nobly  and  patriotically  did  Gover 
nor  Goodwin  meet  the  emergency.  The  people  har* 
confidence  in  his  wisdom  and  financial  skill,  and  when 
he  issued  a  call  for  men  and  money  for  the  war  they 


578  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

responded  promptly.  There  were  no  funds  in  the  treasu 
ry  aside  from  what  was  required  to  me*et  the  ordinary 
expenses  of  the  State,  and  the  crisis  demanded  "  the 
sinews  of  war"  in  such  amount  as  then  seemed  very 
large,  and  that  the  quota  of  men  called  for  by  the  Presi 
dent  from  New  Hampshire  should  be  raised  and  made 
ready  for  the  field  without  delay.  He  appealed  to  the 
banking  institutions  and  private  individuals  of  the  State 
— those  of  other  States  had  their  own  burdens  to  bear — 
and  they  promptly  and  nobly  came  forward  and  placed 
at  his  disposal  six  hundred  and  eighty  thousand  dollars. 
To  call  an  extra  session  of  the  Legislature  would  in 
volve  delay  and  a  considerable  expense,  and  Governor 
Goodwin,  with  the  advice  of  his  Council,  assumed  the 
responsibility,  as  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Militia, 
to  act  without  special  legislative  authority.  On  the 
assembling  of  the  Legislature,  in  June,  in  a  valedictory 
address,  he  plainly  and  concisely  stated  the  position  he 
assumed  and  the  motives  which  actuated  him.  The 
Legislature  at  once  endorsed  all  his  acts  by  unanimously 
passing  "the  Enabling  Act,"  relieving  the  Governor  of  his 
heavy  responsibility.  His  administration  of  State  affairs 
for  two  years  met  with  almost  universal  approval,  and  he 
left  the  office  with  the  highest  respect  of  all  parties. 

As  a  member  of  the  Legislature  and  of  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention  he  took  a  leading  part  on  committees 
and  in  debate.  His  speeches  were  never  made  for  show. 
He  spoke  only  when  there  seemed  to  be  occasion  for  it, 
and  then  always  to  the  point,  and  was  listened  to  with 
great  respect^  and  attention,  for  his  conservatism  and 
practical  wisdom  in  all  matters  of  public  policy  were 
well  known.  In  all  public  positions  he  discharged  his 
duties  with  fidelity,  industry  and  marked  ability.  As 
a  citizen  and  business  man  he  is  public  spirited,  liberal, 
high-minded,  and  enjoys  the  unbounded  confidence  and 
respect  of  all. 


NATHANIEL  S.  BERRY.  579 


GOVERNOR  NATHANIEL  S.  BERRY. 

Nathaniel  S.  Berry,  the  thirty-sixth  Governor  of  New 
Hampshire,  was  born  at  Bath,  Me.,  on  the  1st  of  Septem 
ber,  1796.  His  father,  who  was  a  ship  carpenter,  died 
in  1802,  leaving  his  mother  with  four  young  chidren. 
"When  Nathaniel  was  ten  years  old  his 'mother  married 
again,  and  when  twelve  he  came  with  his  mother  and 
step-father  to  Lisbon,  New  Hampshire.  He  subsequently 
served  an  apprenticeship  at  the  tanning  and  currying 
business  in  Bath,  this  State.  He  commenced  the  tan 
ning  and  currying  business  on  his  own  account  at  Bristol, 
New  Hampshire,  and  resided  there  twenty-two  years. 
In  1828  he  represented  that  town  in  the  New  Hampshire 
Legislature,  and  also  in  1833  and  1834.  He  was  elected 
to  the  State  Senate  from  the  Eleventh  District  in  1835 
and  1836,  and  was  returned  to  the  House  of  Representa 
tives  from  Bristol  in  1837.  In  1840  he  moved  to  Hebron, 
where  he  built  an  extensive  tannery  and  entered  into 
business.  In  1841  he  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas  for  Grafton  County,  which  office  he 
held  until  1850,  when  he  resigned.  In  1854  he  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  from  Hebron,  and  in  1856  was 
appointed  Judge  of  Probate  for  the  County  of  Grafton, 
which  office  he  resigned  the  day  before  his  inauguration 
as  Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  in  June,  1861.  He 
was  a  delegate  from  this  State  to  the  Democratic  Na 
tional  Convention,  in  1840,  and  was  several  times  can 
didate  for  Governor  on  the  Liberty  and  Free  Soil  tickets. 

In  January,  1849,  Judge  Berry's  tannery  at  Hebron, 
was  destroyed  by  fire.  He  immediately  rebuilt  it,  and 
it  was  again  destroyed  by  that  devouring  element  in 
1857.  Each  time  his  loss  was  quite  heavy  over  and 
above  his  insurance.  After  the  last  fire  he  looked  over 
his  affairs,  and  found  that  he  could  pay  all  his  liabilities 


580  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

and  have  a  small  amount  left.  Being  then  above  sixty 
years  old,  he  concluded  not  to  rebuild,  and  retired  from 
the  business  that  he  had  followed  from  his  early  youth. 

Judge  Berry  was  first  elected  Governor  in  March, 
1861,  just  about  a  month  before  the  first  rebel  gun  was 
fired  at  Fort  Surnter,  and  was  inaugurated  the  following 
June,  after  the  First  Regiment  had  been  sent  to  the 
field,  and  while  the  Second  was  being  organized.  It 
was  a  position  of  greater  responsibility  than  any  New 
Hampshire  Governor  had  ever  been  placed  in  before, 
but  conscious  of  the  rectitude  of  his  intentions  he  as 
sumed  it  with  a  determination  to  answer,  as  far  as  he 
was  able,  every  demand  of  the  general  government  for 
troops  to  aid  in  putting  down  the  rebellion,  with 
promptness  and  fidelity.  No  man  was  ever  influenced 
by  purer  or  more  patriotic  motives  in  all  he  did,  from 
first  to  last,  than  was  Governor  Berry.  During  the  two 
years  of  his  administration,  from  June,  1861,  to  June, 
1863,  nearly  all  of  the  New  Hampshire  Regiments 
and  other  organizations  were  raised  and  put  into  the 
field ;  and  it  is  not  saying  more  than  the  truth  when 
it  is  asserted  that  no  troops  went  forth  from  any  state 
better  armed,  equipped  and  supplied  with  the  neces 
saries  of  the  camp  than  those  from  New  Hampshire. 
When  in  the  field  they  were  watched  over  and  cared  for 
by  the  Governor  as  if  they  had  been  his  own  children, 
and  many  a  young  man  who  went  forth  in  answer  to  the 
call  of  his  country,  will  remember  the  words  of  encour 
agement  and  cheer  spoken  to  him  by  our  good,  Christian 
Chief  Magistrate,  and  his  frequent  visits  to  their  camps 
in  the  field.  His  faithfulness  and  patriotism  was  re 
warded  with  a  re-election,  in  1862,  by  a  flattering  ma 
jority. 

All  of  Governor  Berry's  acts  while  in  office  were 
characterized  writh  care  and  prudence,  and  his  State 
papers  brief,  concise  and  clear  in  language  and  wise  and 


JOSEPH  A.  OILMORE.  581 

prudent  in  their  suggestions.  "When  at  the  end  of  his 
second  term,  in  June,  1863,  he  retired  from  office,  he 
carried  with  him  the  unqualified  respect  of  all  with 
whom  he  had  been  brought  in  contact,  and  the  good 
wishes  of  the  people  of  the  entire  State.  Soon  after 
this  Governor  Berry  removed  to  Andover,  Mass.,  where 
he  still  resides,  leading  a  quiet,  peaceful  and  happy  life, 
honored  and  respected  for  his  many  admirable  qualities 
of  head  and  heart. 

GOVERNOR  JOSEPH  A.  GILMORE. 

Governor  Gilmore  was  born  at  Weston,  Windsor 
County,  Vermont,  in  1811.  He  had  the  advantage  of  a 
good  common  school  and  academic  education,  such  as 
most  boys  at  that  time  enjoyed.  His  father  died  when 
Joseph  was  but  a  lad,  leaving  him  dependent  upon  his 
own  efforts  for  a  livelihood.  He  went  to  Boston  while 
quite  young,  was  clerk  in  a  mercanlile  establishment, 
and  afterward  was  in  business  on  his  own  account. 
About  thirty  years  ago  he  removed  to  Concord,  New 
Hampshire,  where  he  was  for  some  time  engaged  in  a 
heavy  mercantile  business.  He  was  subsequently  chosen 
Superintendent  of  the  Concord  Railroad,  and  was  inter 
ested  as  owner  and  manager  in  other  railroads  running 
into  Concord.  He  was  a  man  of  wonderful  activity  and 
energy,  pushing  to  completion  any  work  left  to  his  care. 
In  1858  and  1859  he  represented  his  district  in  the  NQW 
Hampshire  Senate,  and  the  latter  year  was  president  of 
that  body.  He  was  elected  Governor  of  New  Hampshire 
in  March,  1863,  and  was  re-elected  the  following  year. 
His  first  and  all  succeeding  messages  to  the  Legislature 
were  full  of  patriotic  expressions  and  suggestions ;  and 
in  the  two  years  during  which  he  was  Governor,  he 
promptly  furnished  all  troops  demanded  by  the  War 
Department  in  its  several  calls  upon  the  State,  and 


582  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

was  untiring  in  his  attention  to  the  necessities  of  New 
Hampshire  men  in  the  field  and  military  hospitals. 
He  sent  medical  men  and  others,  as  the  exigencies 
of  the  war  seemed  to  require  them,  to  attend  the 
wounded  during  the  active  operations  of  the  army,  and 
the  sick  at  all  times.  During  these  two  years  no  New 
England  State  had  a  more  active  Chief  Magistrate,  or 
one  who  had  its  honor  and  the  comfort  of  its  soldiers 
more  nearly  at  heart  than  Governor  Gilmore.  He  died 
on  the  17th  of  April,  1867. 

GOVERNOR  FREDERICK  SMYTH. 

Frederick  Smyth,  the  thirty-eighth  Governor  of  New 
Hampshire,  was  born  in  Candia,  Rockingham  County, 
March  9,  1819.  His  father  was  a  farmer  of  thrifty 
habit,  in  good  circumstances,  and  his  mother  was  a 
daughter  of  Isaiah  Rowe,  a  soldier  of  the  Revolution. 
His  youth  was  spent  in  assisting  his  father  upon  the  farm 
and  attending  the  public  school  in  the  district. 

After  availing  himself  of  the  schools  at  home,  to  the 
full  extent  of  their  advantages,  he  studied  a  brief  term 
at  Andover,  Mass.,  under  charge  of  Dr.  Coleman.  The 
money  requisite  for  this  purpose  was  earned  by  school 
teaching  and  working  between  schools — his  first  experi 
ence  in  this  way  being  at  Auburn,  when  he  was  seven 
teen  years  of  age. 

He  had  a  strong  desire  to  enter  college,  but  the  way 
did  not  seem  clear,  and  eager  to  be  doing,  he  entered 
into  trade  at  the  old  place  known  for  many  years  in 
Candia  as  the  "  Master  Fitts  store,"  in  partnership  with 
Thomas  Wheat — being  of  about  equal  age.  After  a 
short  time  they  abandoned  the  business,  and  both,  in 
1838,  removed  to  Manchester,  where  Dr.  Wheat  is  now 
a  physician  in  extensive  practice,  and  a  highly  respected 
citizen.  Frederick,  then  nineteen  years  of  age,  obtained 


T  T.StTLart.Bostcm. 


GOVERNOR  OF  HEW  HAMPSHIRE  1865-66. 


FREDERICK  SMYTH.  583 

a  clerkship  in  a  large  dry  goods  and  grocery  store,  doing 
his  work  with  characteristic  zeal.  He  soon  found  suffi 
cient  encouragement,  and  began  business  for  himself, 
in  that  then  new  and  rapidly  growing  place. 

In  1844  he  married  Emily,  daughter  of  John  Lane, 
Esq.,  of  Candia,  a  near  neighbor  to  the  old  homestead. 
In  1849  he  was  chosen  City  Clerk,  which  office  he  held 
for  three  years,  and  until  his  election  as  Mayor,  in  1852. 
He  was  chosen  to  the  mayoralty  three  years  in  succes 
sion,  and  each  time  by  increased  majorities.  Some  of 
the  best  permanent  improvements  of  the  city  are  due  to 
his  energetic  administration.  Among  these  may  be 
named  the  trees  now  affording  such  grateful  shade ;  or 
namentation  of  the  parks;  the  annexation  of  Piscataquog 
and  Amoskeag,  and  the  building  a  new  and  more  com 
modious  depot,  after  a  prolonged  contest  with  the  Con 
cord  Railroad  corporation. 

The  establishment  of  a  free  city  Library  met  with 
considerable  opposition  from  various  quarters;  but  the 
Mayor's  efforts  and  influence  secured  the  success  of  the 
enterprise.  From  a  small  beginning  it  has  by  annual 
appropriations  by  the  city,  and  in  other  ways,  grown  to 
be  one  of  the  most  extensive  and  valuable  collections 
of  books  in  the  State,  and  a  blessing  to  all  the  people 
of  Manchester.  The  late  Chief  Justice  Bell,  one  of 
tho  warmest  and  most  constant  friends  of  the  library, 
evinced  his  estimate  of  this  act  by  a  resolution  offered 
in  the  Board  of  Trustees,  March  17,  1855,  thanking 
Mayor  Smyth  for  "  his  early,  decided  and  successful 
exertions  as  chief  magistrate  of  the  city,"  in  this  behalf. 
In  1864 — a  time  of  peculiar  financial  difficulty — his 
fellow  citizens,  without  distinction  of  party,  prevailed 
upon  him  to  accept  the  mayoralty  for  the  fourth  time, 
being  elected  without  any  opposition. 

In  1855  he  was  appointed  by  the  Governor  and  Council, 
chairman  of  a  Board  of  Commissioners  to  locate  and 


584  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

build  a  House  of  Reformation  for  Juvenile  Offenders. 
The  Manchester  Daily  Mirror  of  April  ilth,  1862,  says  : 

"How  successfully  he  accomplished  this  difficult  task  against  bitter  opposi 
tion  and  prejudice  arising  from  location  and  politics  combined,  which  would 
have  dishearten  d  almost  any  other  man,  the  present  popularity  of  the  institu 
tion,  of  which  he  is  now  treasurer,  bears  witness,  and  will  to  future  generations." 

In  1857-58,  lie  was  a  member  of  the  popular  branch 
of  the  State  Legislature,  and  the  latter  year  received  a 
very  strong  vote  in  the  nominating  caucus  of  his  party 
for  Speaker.  He  was  Treasurer  and  one  of  the  Man 
agers  of  the  State  Agricultural  Society  for  ten  years  or 
more,  and  is  now  a  Vice  President  of  the  New  England 
Agricultural,  and  the  United  States  Pomological  Socie 
ties,  and  one  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  United 
States  Agricultural  Society. 

In  1861  he  was  appointed  by  the  United  States  as  an 
agent  to  the  International  Exhibition  at  London,  and 
also  held  a  commission  from  the  United  States  Agricul 
tural  Society  to  visit  such  agricultural  exhibitions  as 
might  be  held  during  the  time  in  Great  Britain,  or  on 
the  Continent.  On  his  arrival  in  London  he  was 
appointed  by  her  Majesty's  Commissioners  of  the  Inter 
national  Exhibition,  a  juror,  and  was  chosen  by  his 
associates  the  reporter  for -the  jury.  This  position  ad 
mitted  him  to  the  most  select  circles  in  London,  and 
also  afforded  him  unusual  facilities  for  acquaintance  and 
association  with  literary  and  scientific  gentlemen  in 
Europe. 

In  common  with  others,  Mr.  Smyth  at  that  time 
thought  that  the  war  would  be  of  short  duration,  and 
expected  to  find  matters  amicably  adjusted  on  his  re 
turn.  After  discharging  his  duties  with  fidelity  at  Lon 
don,  he  visited  the  Continent  in  company  with  Charles 
L.  Flint,  Esq.,  Secretary  of  the  Massachusetts  Board  of 
Agriculture.  "When  they  arrived  at  Rome  in  July,  1862, 
the  tidings  from  home,  discouraging  enough  in  fact, 


FREDERICK  SMYTH.  585 

became  doubly  so  when  received  through  the  distorted 
medium  of  continental  imagination. 

Mr.  Smyth  deeming  it  his  duty  to  be  at  home,  short 
ened  his  intended  trip.  At  Frankfort  the  news  improv 
ed  in  character;  but  they  decided  to  keep  on,  and 
arrived  at  New  York  in  September.  Through  the 
following  winter,  while  giving  needed  attention  to  the 
affairs  of  the  First  National  Bank,  of  which  he  is 
principal  financial  manager,  and  of  the  Savings  Bank, 
of  which  he  is  Treasurer,  he  threw  his  influence  in  favor 
of  taking  largely  of  government  bonds,  at  a  time  when 
the  country  was  in  distress  for  means  to  carry  on  the 
war,  and  when  it  was  regarded  as  a  doubtful  investment. 

In  May,  1863,  a  fair  in  aid  of  the  Sanitary  Commission 
was  projected  in  Manchester.  Mr.  Smyth  was  chairman 
of  the  committee  having  it  in  hand,  gave  the  use  of  his 
hall,  and  several  weeks  of  earnest  labor  in  urging  it 
forward.  It  was  remarkably  successful — netting  about 
four  thousand  dollars  for  the  relief  of  sick  and  wounded 
soldiers.  It  may  be  here  stated,  that  although  he  had 
passed  the  legal  age  for  military  service,  he  furnished  at 
his  private  expense  a  good,  able-bodied  man,  who  served 
during  the  war. 

On  the  memorable  first  four  days  of  July  in  that  year, 
the  battle  of  Gettysburg  was  fought.  The  late  Governor 
Gilmore  immediately  sent  to  the  field  some  of  the  most 
prominent  citizens,  physicians  and  others,  to  aid  in  care 
of  the  wounded.  Mr.  Smyth,  with  the  late  George 
Hutchins  of  Concord— a  most  worthy  and  patriotic  gen 
tleman,  who,  with  his  wife,  was  among  the  lost  on  board 
the  steamer  United  States,  on  the  Ohio  river,  on  the  4th 
of  December,  1868 — pushed  through  from  Baltimore  by 
cattle  cars,  teams  and  on  foot,  and  was  one  of  the  first  to 
reach  the  field.  A  surgeon  who  was  present,  in  a  letter 
wrote  :  "  The  prompt,  efficient  and  able  manner  in  which 
he  aided  both  officers  and  men  with  counsel,  and  means 


586  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

to  procure  needed  articles  for  the  relief  of  distress,  was 
remarked  by  all.  Through  drenching  rain,  through 
mud,  wading  swollen  creeks,  he  seemed  everywhere 
present."  In  this  case,  however,  his  zeal  was  too  great 
for  his  strength.  The  sickening  effluvia  of  the  battle 
field,  the  sounds  and  sights  of  distress,  beyond  all  human 
aid,  added  to  neglect  of  proper  food,  brought  him  to  a 
sick  bed,  where  he  was  confined  during  most  of  the 
fall  of  1863.  The  next  May,  while  Grant's  army  was 
making  its  way  to  Richmond,  Mr.  Smyth  again  visited 
the  battle  field  after  the  sanguinary  contest  of  the  Wil 
derness.  Under  the  broiling  sun  of  a  Virginia  May, 
with  arms  bare  to  the  work,  he  helped  carry  the  wound 
ed  from  the  field  to  Fredericksburg,  where  such  care 
was  given  them  as  could  be  had.  Many  a  New  Hamp 
shire  boy  owes  his  life  to  these  exertions. 

Meantime  the  numerous  friends  of  Mr.  Smyth 
throughout  the  State,  and  others  who  had  been  looking 
anxiously  for  some  leader  fitted  to  meet  a  somewhat 
critical  financial  emergency,  brought  forward  his  name 
prominently  as  a  candidate  for  Governor.  It  was 
received  with  favor  in  all  quarters ;  the  nomination  was 
harmoniously  made  in  convention,  favorably  received  by 
the  people,  while  his  political  opponents  even  conceded 
the  admirable  personal  qualities  of  the  nominee.  In 
its  issue  of  January  6,  1865,  the  Boston  Journal  said : 

"In  the  selection  of  Mr.  Smyth  as  candidate  for  Governor,  the  Union  men 
have  done  themselves  much  credit  and  the  State  a  great  service.  Mr.  Smyth 
is  widely  and  favorably  known  for  his  interest  in  agriculture  and  mechanic 
arts,  for  his  enterprise  and  public  spirit,  and  for  his  administrative  ability. 
With  the  constant  drain  upon  the  resources  of  the  State  in  response  to  the 
calls  of  patriotism,  and  with  finances  already  slightly  embarrassed  by  ad 
vances  made  to  volunteers,  it  will  require  unusual  financial  ability  in  the  ex 
ecutive  to  maintain  the  credit  of  the  State.  Mr.  Smyth,  we  believe,  possesses 
all  the  requisite  qualifications,  and  with  his  business  habits,  sound  judgment 
and  untiring  energy,  and  the  steady  determination  of  the  people  to  maintain 
their  credit,  the  Granite  State  will  coine  out  triumphantly  from  its  embarrass 
ments." 


FREDERICK  SMYTH.  587 

These  auguries  proved  true.  Governor  Smyth  was 
inaugurated  in  June  1865,  having  been  elected  by  a 
majority  of  6084.  Said  the  Independent  Democ  at, 
published  at  Concord : 

"It  is  the  largest  majority  received  by  any  candidate  for  that  position  in 
this  State,  for  twenty-four  years.  It  is  but  a  just  tribute  to  unblemished  pub 
lic  and  private  character,  to  excellent  mental  ability,  well  improved  and  well 
directed,  and  to  peculiar  fitness  in  head,  heart  and  hand  for  the  responsible 
position  to  which  he  has  been  assigned." 

'  The  main  purpose  of  his  inaugural  message  was  to 
awaken  confidence  in  the  credit  and  resources  of  .the 
State.  Giving  the  full  amount  of  the  debt,  he  set  off 
against  it  as  no  previous  State  paper  had  ever  done  or 
perhaps  had  ever  occasion  to  do,  the  agricultural,  me 
chanical  and  commercial  resources  of  ]S~ew  Hampshire. 
Some  of  the  towns,  restive  under  unwonted  debt, 
wished  to  have  the  State  assume  their  liabilities. 
Although  no  formal  demand  was  made,  the  Governor 
yet  thought  best  to  reply  to  a  popular  desire,  as  follows : 

"The  war  debt  of  the  loyal  States  was  incurred  equally  with  that  of  the 
nation,  for  national  purposes,  and  they  have  cheerfully  assumed  and  volun 
tarily  borne  its  burdens,  under  many  disadvantages.  The  general  government, 
to  preserve  its  own  life,  has  been  obliged  to  take  virtual  possession  of  the  money 
market  by  exempting  its  securlti  s  from  state  and  municipal  taxation,  and 
by  increasing  the  ordinary  rates  of  interest.  This  has  borne  heavily  upon  the 
visible  property  and  depressed  the  securities  of  the  states.  Whatever  means 
shall  be  devised  by  which  a  share,  at  least,  of  this  burden  shall  be  discharged 
by  those  parties  to  the  rebellion  to  whom  it  rightfully  belongs,  will  meet  with 
the  cordial  approval  of  the  people.  When  Congress  manifests  a  disposition  to 
move  in  this  matter,  the  claims  of  our  cities  and  towns  should  be  considered 
and  adjusted.  Any  state  action  prior  to  this  can  afford  no  relief.  Should  the 
State  now  assume  the  town  debts,  it  must  levy  a  tax  directly  upon  the  towns, 
as  its  own  present  debt  is  already  quite  as  large  as  we  shall  be  able  to  fund,  or 
manage  so  as  to  preserve  the  public  credit." 

After  giving  the  number  of  soldiers  sent  to  the  field, 
the  Governor  said : 

"  Our  State  will  never  be  unmindful  of  the  heroic  deeds  of  her  sons  in  the 
great  struggle  for  national  life.  They  sprang  to  arms  at  the  first  call,  and  no 


588  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

considerable  battle  has  been  fought  in  which  they  have  not  participated. 
During  the  early  days  of  the  rebellion,  they  were  at  tinifcs  cast  down  by  tem 
porary  defeat,  but  in  every  instance  only  to  rally  with  renewed  vigor.  *  *  * 
It  will  not  be  easy  for  us  to  pay  our  debt  of  gratitude  to  these  brave  men. 
*  *  *  I  desire  to  call  your  attention  to  the  case  of  soldiers  permanently 
disabled  in  the  service  of  their  country.  The  scanty  provisions  of  the  general 
government  will  in  many  cases  prove  entirely  inadequate  for  their  support  or 
that  of  their  families,  and  the  assistance  of  the  towns  and  cities  in  which  they 
reside  will  necessarily  be  invoked.  I  recommend  that  in  all  cases  where  soldiers 
or  their  families  are  assisted  in  this  manner,  that  the  laws  be  so  amended,  that 
none  of  the  disabilities  that  attach  to  paupers  shall  apply  to  them.  I  wish  also 
earnestly  to  recommend  that  all  persons  in  places  of  influence,  all  who  have 
honorable  employment  to  offer,  should  discriminate,  if  possible,  in  favor  of  the 
returned  soldier.  Encourage  those  who  are  disabled  in  any  industry  of  which 
they  may  be  capable.  Let  the  soldier  see,  that  while  we  revere  the  name  and 
fame  of  the  dead,  we  do  not  forget  the  best  and  highest  welfare  of  the  living. 
So  shall  we  and  those  who  come  after  us  be  worthy  of  the  blessings  which  have 
been  bestowed  by  the  Power  that  guided  our  counsels,  and  led  our  armies  in 
this  great  war. 

In  regard  to  the  battle  flags,  he  suggested,  "That  these  proud  but  sad 
memorials  of  our  recent  terrible  conflict  be  conspicuously  displayed  in  the  halls 
of  your  deliberations,  that  by  the.n  we  may  be  constantly  reminded,  not  only 
of  the  fortitude  and  devotion  of  those  who  bore  them  upon  the  march,  and  in 
the  hour  of  battle,  but  also  of  our  own  obligation  to  sacredly  preserve  the 
fruits  of  these  sacrifices." 

On  national  affairs  the  message  was  brief,  but  not 
uncertain,  and  took  grounds  which  Congress  has  at  last 
come  to  occupy. 

"  Our  armies  have  not  only  carried  with  them  a  restored  authority,  but 
they  have  opened  the  way  for  a  higher  and  nobler  civilization,  without  which 
there  can  be  no  free  government,  and  with  which  rebellion  is  impossible.  For 
myself,  I  shall  feel  that  the  great  purpose  of  this  war  is  not  attained,  the 
great  lesson  of  this  punishment  not  learned,  until  free  schools,  free  churches 
and  a  free  ballot,  are  established  wherever  the  federal  authority  extends. 
This  we  owe  to  the  good  order  and  permanent  security  of  all  the  States.  This 
alone  will  be  a  commensurate  reward  for  the  unparalleled  heroism  of  the 
brave  soldiers  who  have  borne  us  through  the  contest.  On  such  a  consumma 
tion  only  can  we  expect  the  continued  favor  of  heaven  and  the  blessing  of 
the  God  of  our  fathers.  Let  the  awful  scenes  through  which  we  have  passed 
teach  us  our  duty.  The  blood  of  the  sons  of  New  Hampshire  mingled  with 
that  of  others  from  every  loyal  State  calls  to  us  from  a  hundred  battle  fields,  to 
stand  true  to  the  great  cause,  through  all  the  victory  and  amidst  the  signs  of 
accomplished  peace. 


FREDERICK  SMYTH.  589 

**  The  spirit  of  the  last  great  martyr  for  universal  emancipation,  lifted  above 
the  cares  and  weaknesses  of  this  life,  bids  us  be  true  to  the  cause.  In  our 
sorrow  even  we  take  courage,  and  make  the  brutal  assassination  of  our  noble 
President — that  most  wicked  fruit  of  a  barbarous  system,  confirm  us  in  the 
resolution  to  make  universal  freedom  a  synonym  for  universal  suffrage,  under 
such  safeguards  as  wise  legislation  may  provide. 

**  All  must  agree  that  the  States  which  have  been  in  rebellion  should  not 
hereafter  be  controlled  by  rebels  and  traitors  ;  and  as  we  do  not  propose  to 
admit  again  into  this  Union  the  cause  of  all  this  evil,  so  let  us  extend  to  the 
loyal  citizen,  of  whatever  color,  those  rights  justly  earned  by  patience,  devo 
tion  and  unwavering  faithfulness  to  the  common  cause. 

;t  The  weakness  and  ignorance  of  the  race  whose  broken  shackles  paved  our 
way  to  victory  are  potent  reasons  why  its  condition  should  no  longer  be  left 
uncertain  or  insecure.  The  question  of  suffrage  is  one  of  those  defenses  behind 
which  the  spirit  of  slavery  will  yet  intrench  itself,  and  by  which  it  will  seek 
to  regain  some  fragment  of  its  power.  If  we  would  have  an  enduring  and 
prosperous  peace,  we  shall  level  every  obstruction,  concede  nothing  to  the 
prejudices  of  slavery  and  give  the  freedman  the  right  to  assert  that  manhood 
peacefully  at  the  ballot  box  which  he  has  so  nobly  proved  on  the  battle  field. 
Let  no  fear  of  apparent  difficulties  in  the  way  deter  us  ;  there  is  no  danger  so 
great  to  a  nation  as  the  existence  of  a  flagrant  injustice  in  its  midst,  sanctioned 
and  fostered  by  its  authority.  Let  us  therefore  be  just  and  hope  for  continued 
favor  from  the  source  of  all  prosperity." 

Contemporary  criticism  on  the  message  was  very  favorable.  "  His  views," 
said  the  Independent  Democrat,  "  upon  national  topics,  are  expressed  with  a 
clearness,  precision  and  positiveness  which  even  partisan  opposition  can  but 
approve." 

"It  is  not  often,"  remarked  the  Keene  Sentinel,  "  that  we  have  a  better 
message  from  a  New  Hampshire  Governor,  whether  we  regard  it  in  its  senti 
ments,  or  in  the  manner  of  expressing  them." 

"  One  of  our  best  papers  of  the  kind,"  observed  the  careful  Statesman, 
"  that  has  appeared  in  New  Hampshire.  The  public  concerns  of  the  State 
are  set  forth  with  clearness,  the  brief  portion  appropriated  to  national  concerns 
is  fully  imbued  with  the  spirit  of  patriotism." 

That  these  commendations  were  not  mere  empty 
words,  will  appear  from  the  fact  that  every  one  of  its 
practical  suggestions  was  adopted  and  acted  upon  by 
the  Legislature.  In  less  than  three  months  he  raised 
for  State  purposes  $1,200,000,  one-third  of  which  was 
obtained  in  Manchester.  The  loans  were  effected  in 
such  manner  that  they  improved,  rather  than  depre 
ciated,  the  credit  of  the  State. 


590  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

"When  Lee's  army  had  surrendered,  the  New  Hamp 
shire  men  who  went  to  and  fought  through  the  four 
years'  war,  were  anxious  to  return  to  their  homes,  and 
by  Governor  Smyth's  influence  with  the  War  Depart 
ment,  most  of  the  regiments  from  this  State  were  among 
the  first  ones  mustered  out  of  the  service.  All  through 
June  and  July  the  returning  regiments  from  the  war 
thronged  the  streets  of  the  State  capital,  and  were  re 
ceived  with  cordial  greeting  from  Governor  Smyth.  He 
saw  that  they  were  promptly  paid,  listened  to  their 
grievances,  praised  their  heroic  deeds,  and  was  never 
weary  of  work  in  their  behalf. 

The  Second  was  the  first  three  years'  regiment  which 
went  to  the  war  from  New  Hampshire,  and  the  last  to 
return.  At  its  reception  at  Concord,  in  December, 
1865,  Governor  Smyth,  being  introduced  by  Adjutant 
General  Natt  Head,  said  he  was  proud  to  welcome  to 
the  State  the  Second  Regiment.  There  were  those  who 
could  not  be  welcomed  home,  having  yielded  up  theii 
lives  on  the  bloody  fields  of  war.  He  was  reminded  of 
the  scenes  of  Gettysburg,  where  it  was  his  fortune  to 
assist  in  caring  for  the  wounded,  and  performing  the 
last  sad  duties  to  the  dead.  He  remembered  passing  a 
building  which  he  was  told  contained  none  but  rebels, 
and  on  hearing  his  name  called,  he  entered  there  to  find 
members  of  this  regiment,  whom  he  removed  to  the 
spot  where  the  wounded  of  the  regiment  were  lying,  and 
he  was  happy  to  see  one  of  those  men  before  him  to-day. 
There  was  one  person  he  did  not  see,  who  ought  to  be 
present  on  this  occasion,  and  that  was  Miss  Harriet  P. 
Dame.  She  had  labored  and  slept  on  the  battle-field, 
caring  for  the  wounded  and  sick,  the  dying  and  the 
dead.  They  all  knew  her  deeds  of  kindness.  She  was 
a  noble  woman,  to  be  held  in  kind  remembrance  by  the 
people  of  this  State. 

Of  the  dozen  or  more  regiments  of  all  arms  dismissed 


FREDERICK  SMYTH.  591 

with  words  of  deserved  praise,  from  the  Eleventh,  under 
Colonel  Harriman,  which  returned  from  the  surrender 
of  Lee  in  season  to  participate  in  the  inauguration  cere 
monies  of  June  8th,  to  the  Second,  from  the  northern 
neck  of  Virginia,  where  Colonel  Patterson  ruled  the 
conquered  land,  probably  no  soldier  of  them  all  could 
resist  the  feeling  that  the  Governor  was  his  true  friend. 

Sometime  in  July  an  order  had  been  issued  discon 
tinuing  the  Webster  Hospital,  in  Manchester.  As 
several  sick  and  wounded  soldiers  were  likely  to  be 
greatly  injured  by  this  proceeding,  the  Governor  ad 
dressed  a  feeling  protest  to  Surgeon  General  Barnes, 
arguing  the  case  on  grounds  of  economy  as  well  as  hu 
manity,  and  closing  as  follows  : 

"  In  behalf  of  our  sick  and  suffering  heroes  who  look  to  me  as  the  executive 
of  the  State  to  watch  over  and  care  for  them  in  their  misfortunes,  to  alleviate 
their  sufferings,  as  far  as  in  human  power,  and  to  secure  them  all  the  comforts 
and  consolations  of  which  their  unhappy  circumstances  admit,  I  most  earnestly 
protest  against  the  contemplated  change,  so  long  as  hospital  facilities  are  re 
quired  in  this  State.  I  beg  leave  to  renew  my  previous  application  for  the 
transfer  of  New  Hampshire  soldiers  in  other  States  to  our  own." 

On  the  20th  of  July,  the  Governor  being  present  at 
the  annual  dinner  of  the  Dartmouth  Alumni  Associa 
tion,  in  Hanover,  made  a  pertinent  speech,  which  was 
received  with  flattering  applause.  The  Faculty  at  that 
time,  in  recognition  of  his  warm  interest  in  the  college, 
conferred  upon  him  the  degree  of  Master  of  Arts. 

On  the  5th  of  September  the  second  annual  fair  of 
the  J$ew  England  Agricultural  Society  took  place  at 
Concord,  and  according  to  arrangement,  it  fell  to  the 
lot  of  Governor  Smyth  to  deliver  the  address.  It  was 
very  practical,  urging  farmers  to  use  their  best  methods, 
and  speaking  plainly  of  their  needs.  There  was  evident 
here,  as  in  all  the  Governor's  addresses,  a  certain  devo 
tion  to  the  State,  carefully  subordinated  to  the  broader 
interests  of  the  nation.  On  this  occasion  the 


592  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

England  Governors  honored  Governor  Smyth  by  their 
presence.  The  New  England  Society's  published  report 
said,  that 

"  The  address  was  listened  to  with  the  most  profound  interest  by  an  audience 
of  more  than  ten  thousand  persons,  and  at  its  close  nine  enthusiastic  cheers 
were  given  in  honor  of  the  Governor.  Upon  the  platform  were  seated  Gover 
nor  Andrew,  of  Massachusetts,  Governor  Coney,  of  Maine,  and  Governor 
Buckingham,  of  Connecticut,  together  with  a  large  number  of  distinguished 
persons  gathered  from  all  parts  of  New  England. ' ' 

Governor  Andrew  said  in  the  course  of  some  remarks, 
that  "  the  address  of  Governor  Smyth  had  filled  him 
with  admiration  for  the  zeal  and  earnestness  with  which 
he  has  entered  into  the  discussion  of  such  important 
principles."  And  called  for  three  cheers  for  the  address, 
and  three  more  for  Governor  Smyth,  and  they  were 
given  with  a  will.  The  same  season  while  attending 
the  County  Fair  at  Milford,  he  faithfully  admonished  the 
farmers  that  much  remained  to  be  done.  He  said  : 

"  There  is  scarcely  a  limit  to  the  progress  which  lies  in  our  reach,  if  our 
active  and  enterprising  young  men  will  remain  with  us  and  give  their  energies 
to  this  pursuit.  It  is  one  of  the  highest  duties  of  parents  to  cultivate  in  the 
hearts  of  their  sons  attachment  for  home.  The  flowers  should  blossom  by  the 
walks  and  shed  their  fragrance  in  the  beaten  play-ground  ;  the  vine  should 
climb  the  lattice  by  the  door,  and  the  ample  trellis  with  its  delicious  fruitage; 
the  pear  and  the  plum  tree  should  have  their  place,  surrounded  by  the  kindred 
delicacies  which  are  seldom  found  even  in  the  gardens  of  the  rich.  All  these 
with  little  care  and  little  expense  can  be  made  to  beautify  every  habitation  in 
the  State,  and  not  only  to  beautify  but  add  substantially  to  their  value,  and 
the  enjoyment  of  the  occupants.  In  conclusion  let  me  urge  upon  you  all  to 
unite  in  earnest  efforts  to  advance  the  prosperity  of  our  State,  and  to  secure 
for  her  that  eminence  in  her  varied  industrial  pursuits  which  she  is  capable  of 
attaining." 

Of  his  agricultural  addresses  the  New  Hampshire 
Statesman  said : 

"  The  thanks  of  his  fellow  citizens,  irrespective  of  party,  are  due  to  Governor 
Smyth  for  his  encouraging  words  regarding  the  future  of  New  Hampshire. 
He  set  forth  in  his  addresses  at  agricultural  fairs  this  autumn,  the  advantages 
of  our  State  as  one  in  which  permanently  to  dwell,  and  in  which  there  is  work 


FREDERICK  SMYTH.  593 

enough  for  all  to  do.  He  apparently  realizes  the  fact  that  there  are  compensa 
ting  advantages  even  here  ;  that  those  who  go  from  New  England  to  more 
fertile  soils,  do  not  find  in  their  new  abodes  many  of  the  social,  religious  and 
even  pecuniary  advantages  enjoyed  here." 

During  the  first  year  of  his  administration  especially, 
the  Governor  looked  very  sharply  after  the  State 
finances.  In  a  dispatch  to  the  Boston  Journal,  under 
date  of  December  14,  1865,  Perley,  the  regular  Washing 
ton  correspondent  of  that  paper,  says : 

"  Governor  Smyth,  on  his  first  visit  to  the  Treasury  Department,  found 
that  instead  of  an  indebtedness  on  the  part  of  the  General  Government  to  New 
Hampshire  of  nearly  half  a  million  of  dollars,  as  had  been  reported,  the  State 
stood  on  the  books  as  in  debt  to  the  General  Government  nearly  one  hundred 
thousand  dollars.  The  accounts  were  much  confused,  and  Governor  Smyth, 
applying  himself  with  his  usual  practical  business  ability  to  their  disentangle 
ment,  yesterday,  as  the  first  fruits  of  his  exposition  of  blunders,  received  a 
check  for  forty-seven  thousand  one  hundred  and  thirty-four  dollars. ' ' 

While  on  this  mission  at  Washington,  the  resident 
New  Hampshire  friends  of  the  Governor  gave  him  a 
serenade  and  handsome  collation  and  reception,  in  com 
pliment  to  his  position  as  Chief  Executive  of  the  State, 
and  for  his  extraordinary  services  during  and  after  the 
war.  Soon  after  he  was  present  by  invitation  at  the 
sixtieth  anniversary  of  the  New  England  Society  of  New 
York,  and  in  the  course  of  his  remarks  at  the  supper, 
at  Delmonico's,  said  : 

"  New  Hampshire,  sir,  is  small  in  extent,  but  her  rocky  ribs  throb  with 
that  vital  current  which  has  given  life  and  strength  to  so  many  communit:es 
on  this  continent.  The  sources  of  the  rivers  are  in  the  mountains,  and  there 
will  be  found  the  sources  of  virtue  also.  The  people,  accustomed  to  a  contest 
with  the  hard  soil,  cheered  with  the  health  of  the  pure  air,  will  not  soon  become 
enervated.  It  is  not  for  me  to  call  the  roll  of  her  illustrious  names  or  of  her 
victorious  soldiers,  living  or  dead.  She  claims  to  have  done  no  more  than  her 
duty  in  the  great  contest  for  the  supremacy  of  New  England  ideas,  and  history 
may  be  safely  trusted  to  tell  how  well.  This  is  an  occasion  which  calls  for 
no  exaltation  of  one  state  above  another.  We  have  learned  on  the  battle  field 
to  bury  all  invidious  distinctions,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  no  resurrection 
of  rebellion  awaits  them.  Yet  in  that  generous  rivalry  which  exults  in  indi- 


594  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

viclual  success  only  that  it  may  add  to  the  glory  of  a  common  country,  we 
shall  not  be  found  wanting.  As  each  separate  state  of  the  six  whose  great 
day  we  here  commemorate  has  contributed  freely  of  all  that  she  holds  most 
dear,  to  enhance  the  peculiar  fame  of  New  Knglaud,  so,  sir,  I  trust  will  New 
England  ever  prove  true  o  the  highest  good  of  the  Union.  It  was  the  true 
nobility  of  labor  th.it  threw  down  the  g.ige  in  the  rebellion,  and  I  rejoice  to 
see  it  elevated  where  it  belongs  «  f  right,  even  though  it  had  to  be  raised  on  a 
million  bayonet  points.  Labor  of  the  brain  and  of  the  hand  has  made  us 
all  we  are.  United  for  a  praiseworthy  common  purpose,  they  are  invincible. 
Let  us  go  from  this  occasion  prepared  to,  assert  and  defend  that  Union  every 
where  and  on  all  occasions,  as  indispensable  to  the  true  glory  and  prosperity 
of  the  union  of  States  which  we  all  hold  dear." 

What  has  been  here  said  will  give  a  fair  idea  of  the 
general  character  of  Governor  Smyth's  administration 
and  of  the  influence  he  had  upon  the  public  councils. 
Active,  energetic  and  hopeful  himself,  he  inspired  in 
others  something  of  the  same  zeal.  While  the  general 
government  was  trying  to  evoke  order  out  of  chaos,  con 
fidence  out  of  doubt,  and  credit  from  distrust,  the  Chief 
Executive  officer  of  New  Hampshire  labored  in  every 
honorable  manner  to  make  the  State  strong  enough  to 
bear  her  share  of  the  responsibility.  A  single  instance 
will  illustrate  his  method  of  doing  things,  and  at  the 
same  time  show  how  impartial  observers  regarded  it. 
During  the  administration  of  his  predecessor  it  became 
necessary  to  put  Portsmouth  harbor  in  a  state  of  defense, 
which  was  done;  but  by  some  means  the  order  of  Gen 
eral  Wool,  required  as  a  voucher  to  reimburse  the  State 
for  expenditures,  was  lost.  The  State  of  Rhode  Island 
having  a  similar  case,  which  did  not  succeed  so  well, 
and  there  being  some  feeling  upon  the  subject,  the 
Providence  Journal,  in  speaking  of  the  New  Hampshire 
claim,  said: 

"  Governor  Smyth  had  two  courses  before  him.  He  might  have  attacked  the 
man  who  had  rushed  with  alacrity  and  ardor  to  put  the  Navy  Yard  in  a  state 
of  defense.  He  might  have  made  a  message  about  the  mutter  to  the  Legisla 
ture.  He  might  have  ordered  some  of  his  tools  in  the  Legislature  to  recom 
mend  a  vote  of  censure  on  the  man.  He  might  have  filled  New  Hampshire 


FREDERICK  SMYTH.  595 

with  his  outcries  and  distributed  political  pamphlets  at  the  expense  of  the  State 
and — done  nothing  to  secure  the  payment  of  the  claim.  Or  he  could  institute 
a  diligent  search  fur  the  vouchers,  which  were  needed  to  substantiate  the  claim, 
which  he  knew  to  be  a  good  one  ;  explain  the  circumstances  in  which  the  ser 
vice  wa<  rendered  and  press  upon  the  officers  at  Washington  every  considera 
tion  which  would  be  likely  to  further  his  cause.  He  was  wise  enough  to  choose 
the  latter  course,  or  rather  the  former  was  so  contemptible  and  crazy  that  it 
never  occurred  for  an  instant  to  a  sensible,  high-minded  man  like  him.  The 
result  we  know.  He  obtained  from  General  Wool  a  copy  of  the  order  he 
issued  for  protecting  the  yard,  and  armed  with  this  obtained  at  once  the  pay 
ment  of  his  claim.  A  little  common  sense  is  not  a  bad  thing,  even  for  a  gov 
ernor  to  have. 

While  thus  industrious  in  behalf  of  the  loyal  cause, 
and  tireless  in  the  advocacy  of  his  own  political  princi 
ples,  the  Governor  manifests  none  of  that  narrow-mind 
edness  which  has  been  prolific  of  so  much  strife  and  dis 
sension.  An  extract  from  a  brief  speech  made  at  Ports 
mouth,  on  the  Fourth  of  July,  1866,  which  was  styled 
by  the  Portsmouth  Journal  a  "model  oration/7  and  de 
clared  to  have  the  pith  and  "  force  of  a  hundred  more 
wordy  discourses,"  is  in  point : 

"It  has  always  been  my  belief,  Mr.  President,  that  the  common  prosperity 
of  the  whole  country  could  be  attained  in  its  truest  manner,  by  the  greatest 
prosperity  of  individuals,  communities,  towns  and  states.  Whatever  is  for 
the  interest  of  one  rightly  considered,  should  be  for  the  advancement  of  all. 
It  is  for  this  reason  that  whenever  it  has  been  possible,  I  have  urged  upon  the 
people  of  New  Hampshire  the  steady  development  of  their  resources.  However 
jealous  we  may  be  for  the  national  honor,  and  however  quickly  our  soldiers 
sprang  to  arms  to  resist  unjust  encroachments,  we  rejoice  at  the  national  pros 
perity  and  welfare  of  every  southern  state.  To  learn  this  general  view  and 
make  the  subject  personal  to  every  citizen,  each  man  labors  most  truly  for  the 
common  good  when  he  improves  to  the  utmost  the  stewardship  under  his  care. 
Such  labors  should  excite  no  inconsiderate  rivalry,  no  local  jealousy.  Nothing 
would  rejoice  me,  as  a  citizen  of  Manchester,  more  than  to  see  this  beautiful 
seaport  of  New  Hampshire  animated  in  her  honorable  age  with  some  of  the 
energy  and  the  enterprise  of  her  youth.  I  am  glad  to  know  that  in  many 
respects  this  is  now  the  case.  And  so  I  should  rejoice  to  know  that  Dover  and 
Concord  and  Keene  and  Claremont — that  every  city  and  town  of  the  good  old 
Granite  State,  the  noble  mother  of  statesmen  and  the  home  of  soldiers  who 
never  surrender — were  making  steady  and  rapid  progress  in  material  prosper 
ity,  and  educated  and  Christian  freedom.  But  while  this  is  my  prayer  for  the 
towns  of  my  native  State,  I  have  no  sympathy  with  that  narrow  vision  which 


596  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

is  confined  to  the  circle  of  the  horizon  which  immediately  surrounds  us.  The 
true  American  hails  everywhere  in  all  this  broad  land  the  token  of  progress : 
and  that  is  the  best  government  which,  when  the  eternal  principles  of  justice 
are  settled,  maintains  the  balance  of  contending  interests  with  even  hand." 

Governor  Smyth  was  unanimously  re-nominated  at 
the  convention  of  January  3d,  1866,  and  triumphantly 
re-elected. 

The  most  important  matter  requiring  attention  during 
the  second  year  of  his  administration,  was  the  funding 
of  the  State  deht,  which  was  left  in  the  hands  of  the 
Governor  and  Council.  It  was  a  task  of  no  small  diffi 
culty,  when  it  is  considered  that  against  an  untaxed 
national  bond,  bearing  interest  at  six  per  cent.,  payable  in 
gold,  we  could  only  offer  State  security  at  the  same  rate, 
payable  in  currency.  The  message  to  the  Legislature 
of  June,  1866,  gave  a  plain  financial  statement,  which 
forced  even  a  watchful  democratic  paper  to  admit  that 
"  he  had  made  some  progress  in  elucidating  the  muddle 
which  has  so  long  distinguished  the  finances  of  our 
State."  At  any  rate,  capitalists  seemed  inclined  to  be 
satisfied  with  it,  for  the  debt  was  successfully  funded 
and  the  credit  of  the  State  established  on  a  firm  basis. 
The  Governor  discussed  somewhat  at  length  the  estab 
lishment  of  an  Agricultural  College,  and  urged  with 
much  earnestness  that  State  provision  should  be 
made  for  disabled  soldiers.  He  said  : 

"  That  such  men — faithful  through  wounds  and  sickness  to  the  very  door  of 
death — should  be  now  allowed  to  drag  out  the  days  that  remain  to  them  in  beg 
gary  or  pauperism,  or  that  they  should  be  made  to  feel  that  their  sacrifices  are 
counted  of  no  worth,  is  a  flagrant  injustice  and  a  disgrace  which  I  am  sure 
New  Hampshire  can  never  permit." 

Fortunately  at  this  time  the  action  of  the  general 
government  obviated  the  need  of  any  State  movement. 
Governor  Smyth's  appointment  by  Congress  as  one  of 
the  Board  of  Managers  for  the  National  Asylum  for 
Disabled  Volunteer  Soldiers,  for  the  long  term  of  six 


FREDERICK  SMYTH.  597 

years,  was  a  well  merited  compliment,  and  "  the  right 
man  was  in  the  right  place."  He  has  spared  neither 
time  nor  effort  in  the  discharge  of  his  important  duty. 

In  the  early  part  of  October,  the  Governor  by  invita 
tion,  accompanied  the  Ameskeag  Veterans  on  a  trip  to 
JSTewburyport,  where  they  were  received  by  the  Ancient 
and  Honorable  Artillery  of  that  place.  A  pleasing  inci 
dent  which  occurred  on  the  way  was  noticed  by  the  New- 
buryport  Herald,  as  follows  : 

*'  At  Amesbury  the  companies  were  received  by  a  committee  of  citizens  and 
marched  through  the  principal  streets.  At  the  residence  of  the  poet  Whittier 
they  were  brought  to  a  halt,  the  military  doing  honor  to  the  man,  notwith 
standing  his  Quaker  ideas  of  war.  Mr.  Whittier  appeared  on  the  side  walk 
when  he  was  greeted  by  the  music  and  then  by  the  loud  cheers  of  the  soldiers 
and  people.  It  was  refreshing  to  see  honor  done  to  a  man  because  in  all  his 
life  he  has  been  manly,  and  not  because  of  position,  wealth,  or  any  of  the 
accidents  that  surround  men.  Noble  men  were  they,  the  poet  and  the  Gov 
ernor  of  New  Hampshire,  standing  side  by  side,  both  sprung  from  the  lowly 
and  working  class  of  society ;  both  rising  in  different  spheres  by  mental  gifts 
and  practical  virtues;  both  honored  much  for  their  patriotism,  love  of  country 
and  love  of  humanity". 

There  was  a  very  general  desire  expressed  through 
the  press,  and  by  letters  from  all  sections  of  the  State, 
that  Governor  Smyth  should  consent  to  a  nomination 
for  the  third  term.  ISTot  wishing  to  violate  a  time-hon 
ored  custom  in  New  Hampshire,  or  leave  the  people  in 
any  doubt  as  to  his  position,  some  weeks  before  the 
convention  for  the  nomination  of  a  candidate  was  held, 
he  wrote  a  letter  positively  declining  a  re-nomination, 
and  it  was  published  in  most  of  the  newspapers  of  the 
State.  His  last  State  paper  was  a  brief  valedictory  on 
surrendering  his  official  authority  into  the  hands  of  his 
successor,  in  June,  1867.  The  Boston  Journal  of  that 
date  said : 

•«  Governor  Smyth's  Administration  has  been  highly  successful,  not  only  in 
a  financial  point  of  view,  which  is  demonstrated  by  statistics,  but  in  all  other 
respects.  He  has  been  indefatigable  in  pressing  the  claims  of  his  State,  taking 


598  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

refusal  after  refusal  only  as  spurs  to  his  final  triumph.  Few  states  indeed 
pass  from  the  war  period  to  that  of  peace  in  a  better  Condition  than  New 
Hampshire,  under  Governor  Smyth's  administration." 

During  the  two  years  of  his  administration  Governor 
Smyth  brought  to  the  discharge  of  the  duties  of  his 
office  great  energy,  industry  and  financial  skill.  During 
the  last  year  the  state  debt  had  been  reduced  $  254,313.18. 
When  he  retired  from  office  all  the  claims  of  the  State 
against  the  general  Government  had  been  satisfactorily 
adjusted;  the  State  debt  had  been  funded  on  advantage 
ous  terms,  the  credit  of  the  State  stood  at  least  equal 
to  that  of  any  other,  and  in  his  valedictory  address — 
which  like  all  his  state  papers,  was  a  model  for  its 
directness  and  practical  common  sense  suggestions — he 
congratulated  his  successor  that  he  would  be  relieved 
from  any  labor  or  anxiety  relating  to  financial  matters, 
In  this  same  address  he  said  : 

"  The  total  expenditures  of  New  Hampshire  for  war  purposes  amount  to  six 
millions  eight  hundred  and  fifty-two  thousand  six  hundred  and  seventy-eight 
dollars.  Of  this  amount  there  has  been  paid  for  bounties,  two  millions  three 
hundred  eighty-nine  thousand  twenty-five  dollars;  for  the  reimbursement  to 
towns  of  aid  furnished  families  of  soldiers,  one  million  eight  hundred  thirty- 
five  thousand  nine  hundred  eighty-five  dollars.  There  has  been  reimbursed  to 
the  State,  by  the  General  Government,  for  war  expenses,  eight  hundred  ninety, 
seven  thousand  one  hundred  twenty-two  dollars,  much  of  which  has  been 
obtained  after  repeated  rejections.  But  little  more  may  be  expected  from  this 
source  without  action  of  Congress." 

Among  the  many  evidences  of  the  popular  favor  with 
which  the  administration  of  Governor  Smyth  wras  re 
garded  by  the  people  of  all  parties,  we  may  name  the 
following  as  deserving  especial  notice.  Notwithstanding 
his  many  and  frequent  journeys  to  Washington  and 
other  places,  on  business  for  the  State  collecting  its 
dues  and  adjusting  its  indebtedness,  he  always  paid  all 
his  expenses  from  his  private  funds,  never  drawing  from 
the  State  Treasury,  directly  or  indirectly  one  dollar 
therefor.  Although  a  contingent  fund  was  placed  at  his 


FREDERICK  SMYTH.  599 

disposal  by  the  Legislature  of  each  year  of  his  adminis 
tration,  for  such  purposes,  he  never  touched  one  cent  of 
it.  The  Legislature  which  succeeded  the  close  of  his 
administration,  as  a  recognition  of  their  appreciation  of 
his  strict  integrity  in  this  regard,  unanimously  appropri 
ated  fifteen  hundred  dollars  to  pay  him  for  these  expen 
ses,  for  which  he  had  made  no  charge.  The  Resolution 
was  introduced  by  a  political  opponent  and  its  passage 
urged  by  complimentary  speeches  in  favor  of  the  Gover 
nor,  from  nearly  every  prominent  political  opponent  in 
the  Legislature,  as  is  shown  by  the  journals. 

On  the  16th  of  October,  1867,  the  Ex-Governor,  by 
invitation,  delivered  an  address  at  Washington,  N.  II., 
on  occasion  of  the  dedication  of  a  soldiers'  monument. 
It  was  widely  published  and  highly  spoken  of  by  the 
press.  The  following  is  an  extract  from  it : 

"To  us  as  American  citizens,  these  graves  of  the  loyal  dead  are  perpetual 
incentives  to  duty.  Every  green  mound  on  which  the  falling  leaves  of  au 
tumn  softly  drop  their  gold  and  scarlet  wreathes,  every  monument  of  stone  or 
bronze  or  marble  that  points  from  earth  to  Heaven  admonishes  us  of  our 
sacred  charge.  As  much  as  any  one  I  believe  in  peace  and  peaceful  measures; 
as  much  as  any  one  I  desire  the  lasting  and  perpetual  union  of  these  States. 
But  in  such  a  presence  as  this  and  with  all  the  sacrifice  of  the  long  years  of 
blood  and  carnage  so  resolutely  borne  by  the  people,  I,  for  one,  can  never 
consent  to  any  renewal  of  fraternal  union  that  is  not  founded  on  the  absolute 
equality  in  right  of  every  citizen,  irrespective  of  mere  accident  of  birth.  Such 
I  believe  to  be  the  trust  reposed  in  us,  and  especially  can  no  man  not  personally 
engaged  in  the  struggle  persuade  himself  that  he  ought  to  do  less  than  to  retain 
and  improve  what  they  have  given  us  by  their  lives.  Let  us  cherish  neither 
malice  nor  revenge,  but  that  love  which  sacrifices  principle  is  never  trustwor 
thy,  and  a  union  bound  by  false  compromises  must  fall  with  every  disturbance 
of  conflicting  interests  or  degenerate  into  a  despotism." 

Since  retiring  from  the  position  of  Governor,  which 
he  filled  to  almost  universal  acceptance — doing  many 
acts,  the  influence  of  which  will  be  felt  by  the  people 
of  the  State  for  many  years  to  come — besides  his  respon 
sible  duties  as  manager  of  two  large  monied  institutions 
in  Manchester,  he  has  been  one  of  the  most  active  and 


600  THE  GREA  T  REBELLION. 

important  members  of  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the 
National  Asylums  for  Disabled  Volunteer  Soldiers — of 
which  there  are  three  in  the  country — devoting  to  the 
discharge  of  these  duties  a  considerable  share  of  his 
entire  time — and  all  without  any  compensation  whatever, 
except  the  consciousness  of  rendering  a  service  to  those 
noble,  unfortunate  men  who  risked  their  lives  and 
sacrificed  their  health  and  limbs  in  the  glorious  cause 
of  their  country  in  the  war  of  the  rebellion. 

GENERAL  ANTHONY  COLBY. 

General  Anthony  Colby  was  born  at  New  London, 
Merrimack  County,  New  Hampshire,  on  the  13th  of  No 
vember,  1792,  and  has  always  resided  there.  He  was  bred 
a  merchant  as  well  as  a  farmer.  He  has  been  much  in 
public  life,  and  held  all  the  military  commissions  from 
Ensign  to  Major  General  in  the  New  Hampshire  Militia. 
He  was  commissioned  Ensign  of  the  Second  Company 
of  Light  Infantry  in  the  Thirtieth  Regiment,  Septem 
ber  13,  1814,  by  Governor  John  Taylor  Gilman.  He 
was  subsequently  Captain  of  the  same  company,  and 
Major,  Lieut.  Colonel  and  Colonel  of  the  Thirtieth 
Regiment.  He  was  commissioned  Brigadier  General 
in  July,  1835,  and  promoted  to  Major  General  in  July, 
1837.  He  was  for  several  years  the  candidate  of  the 
"Whig  party  for  Governor,  previous  to  1846,  when  he 
was  elected,  and  held  the  office  one  year.  In  July,  1861, 
on  the  resignation  of  Joseph  C.  Abbott,  he  was  appoint 
ed  by  Governor  Berry,  Adjutant  and  Inspector  General 
of  the  New  Hampshire  Militia,  and  resigned  in  August, 
1862.  During  this  time  most  of  the  New  Hampshire 
regiments  were  raised  and  put  into  the  field.  General 
Colby  filled  every  office  to  which  he  has  been  called 
with  fidelity.  He  is  a  genial,  public  spirited  and  liberal 
gentleman,  highly  respected  throughout  the  State. 


NATT  HEAD.  601 


GENERAL   DANIEL  E.    COLBY. 

General  Daniel  E.  Colby  is  a  son  of  General  Anthony 
Colby.  He  was  born  at  New  London  in  1816,  and  has 
always  had  his  home  there.  He  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College,  in  the  class  of  1836,  and  soon  after  went  into 
trade  in  his  native  town.  In  1837  he  was  appointed 
aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  his  father,  Major  General 
Colby.  He  represented  his  town  in  the  popular  branch 
of  the  New  Hampshire  Legislature,  in  1857.  He  waa 
appointed  Adjutant  General  on  the  resignation  of  hia 
father,  August  21,  1863,  and  resigned  March  25,  1864. 

GENERAL  NATT  HEAD. 

Adjutant  General  Natt  Head  was  born  in  Hooksett, 
May  20,  1828.  His  father,  Colonel  John  Head,  who 
died  in  1836,  was  a  farmer,  a  heavy  lumber  dealer  and 
an  esteemed  and  valued  citizen.  The  son  continued  the 
business  of  the  father,  and  in  connection  with  a  brother, 
is  still  extensively  engaged  in  farming,  lumbering  and 
the  manufacture  of  bricks.  He  was  early  successful  in 
business  and  soon  gained  a  reputation  for  enterprise, 
integrity  and  honorable  dealing.  He  took  several  rail 
road  contracts,  building  the  line  from  Suncook  to  Hook- 
sett,  and  also  that  from  Suncook  to  Pittsfield.  Immedi 
ately  after  the  burning  of  the  Military  Asylum  at 
Augusta,  Maine,  the  managers  of  the  institution,  by 
reason  of  the  sickness  of  the  Deputy  Governor,  request 
ed  General  Head  to  proceed  at  once  to  Augusta  to 
arrange  for  the  comfort  and  protection  of  the  disabled 
soldiers  who  had  been  so  suddenly  deprived  of  a  home. 
The  mission  was  faithfully  accomplished.  Subsequently 
General  Head  contracted  with  the  managers  and  rebuilt 
the  Asylum.  In  the  financial  world  he  has  attained  a 
high  rank.  He  is  a  Director  of  the  First  National  Bank 


602  THE  ORE  AT  REBELLION. 

and  a  Trustee  of  the  Merrimack  River  Savings  Bank,  of 
Manchester,  President  of  the  China  Savings  Bank,  of 
Suncook,  and  a  Director  of  the  Suncook  Valley  Rail 
road.  In  civil  affairs  he  exhibits  marked  executive 
talent.  He  has  filled  various  town  offices,  and  in  1861 
and  1862  represented  Hooksett  in  the  Legislature.  He 
was  early  and  prominently  identified  with  Freemasonry 
and  is  a  member  of  Washington  Lodge,  Mount  Horeb 
Royal  Arch  Chapter,  Adoniram  Council  and  Trinity 
Commandery  of  Knights  Templar,  of  Manchester.  He 
is  also  a  member  of  the  Supreme  Council,  having 
received  all  the  degrees  of  the  Ancient  and  Accepted 
Scottish  Rite,  including  the  Thirty-Third,  and  all  the 
degrees  in  the  Rite  of  Memphis  to  the  Ninety-Fourth. 
He  is  connected  with  the  Independent  Order  of  Odd 
Fellows,  and  was  one  of  the  original  members  of  the 
Howard  Lodge,  of  Suncook. 

As  a  practical  farmer,  General  Head  has  always  taken 
a  deep  interest  in  agriculture.  He  has  been  a  long  time 
Director  of  the  State  Agricultural  Society,  is  now  its 
President  and  a  life  member.  In  1869  he  was  appointed 
by  the  Governor  and  Council  a  Trustee  of  the  New 
Hampshire  College  of  Agriculture  and  the  Mechanic 
Arts.  From  his  father,  who  was  many  years  an  officer 
in  the  State  Militia,  and  from  his  paternal  grandfather, 
Captain  Nathaniel  Head,  who  served  meritoriously  as  an 
officer  through  the  Revolutionary^  War,  General  Head 
inherited  military  taste  and  spirit.  For  many  years  he 
was  a  prominent  military  musician  and  was  Fife  Major 
of  the  "Old  Eleventh  Regiment"  of  State  Militia  in 
1847.  In  later  times  he  was  Chief  Bugler  of  the  famous 
Battalion  of  Governor's  Horse  Guards.  He  has  been 
connected  with  various  military  organizations  and  is 
now  a  member  of  the  National  Lancers,  of  Boston,  and 
of  the  Battalion  of  Amoskeag  Veterans,  of  Manchester, 
of  which  corps  he  is  commander. 


N ATT  HEAD.  603 

In  1863  he  was  made  Chief  of  the  Governor's  Staff, 
and  in  1864  was  appointed  by  Governor  Gilmore  Adju 
tant,  Inspector  and  Quartermaster  General  of  the  State 
of  New  Hampshire.  He  was  called  to  this  position  at 
a  time  when  the  nation  was  in  one  of  the  most  impor 
tant  crises  of  the  great  civil  war,  and  when  the  loyal 
people  of  New  Hampshire  were  straining  every  nerve 
to  raise  the  men  called  for  under  the  President's  procla 
mation  of  the  preceding  month.  On  assuming  the  duties 
of  the  office  he  found  the  department  very  incomplete, 
but  little  matter  having  been  collected  relating  to  the 
outfit  of  the  troops  and  their  achievements  in  the  field 
although  New  Hampshire  had  up  to  that  time  sent  to 
the  war  twenty-six  thousand  soldiers.  In  fact  not  a 
complete  set  of  muster-in  rolls  of  any  regiment  could 
be  found  in  the  office.  In  the  face  of  these  obstacles 
and  discouragements  and  with  no  appropriation  to  draw 
from,  General  Head  at  once  entered  upon  the  duties  of 
his  position,  employing  upon  his  own  responsibility, 
three  clerks,  and  procuring  the  necessary  outfit  of  the 
office,  trusting  in  the  Legislature  to  reimburse  him, 
which  it  not  only  promptly  and  cheerfully  did,  but  made 
all  additional  appropriations  for  the  department  that 
were  asked  for.  During  the  remainder  of  the  war  no 
State  in  the  Union  had  a  more  faithful,  efficient  and 
popular  Adjutant  General  than  New  Hampshire.  The 
clerical  duties  of  the  office  were  performed  in  an  admi 
rable  manner  and  the  method  by  which  the  records  of 
our  soldiers  were  persistently  hunted  up  and  placed  on 
file  and  the  order  and  system  exhibited  in  carrying  on 
and  preserving  the  extensive  and  valuable  corres 
pondence  of  the  department,  were  worthy  of  the  highest 
praise.  Many  letters  are  now  preserved  in  the  office 
from  the  highest  military  and  civil  officers  of  New 
Hampshire,  from  the  Adjutant  Generals  of  various  States 
and  from  the  War  and  other  departments  at  Washing- 


604  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

ton,  all  testifying  to  the  excellence  of  the  gystem  inaugu 
rated  and  to  the  highly  efficient  manner  in  which  the 
affairs  of  the  office  were  conducted.  The  Eeports  of  the 
department  during  the  administration  of  General  Head, 
not  only  give  the  name  and  history  of  every  officer  and 
soldier  who  entered  the  service  from  New  Hampshire 
but  they  contain  biographical  sketches  of  all  the  field 
officers  from  the  State  who  were  killed  in  battle  or  who 
died  from  disease  during  the  war,  together  with  a  briei 
history  of  all  the  regiments,  giving  their  principal  move 
ments  from  their  departure  to  their  return  home.  These 
reports  further  include  the  Military  History  of  New 
Hampshire  from  1623  to  1861,  the  records  of  which 
period  were  collected  with  great  perseverance  and  under 
many  discouragements,  from  various  sources  in  this  and 
other  States,  and  from  the  rolls  in  the  War  Department, 
at  Washington,  thus  making  the  Reports  as  a  whole  a 
work  of  the  greatest  value  to  the  people  of  the  present 
day,  and  at  the  same  time  constituting  an  invaluable 
contribution  to  the  military  history  of  the  Nation  while 
its  worth  to  posterity  cannot  be  estimated. 

Governor  Smith,  in  his  valedictory  address  to  the 
Legislature  in  June,  1867,  said : 

"  In  the  difficult  adjustment  of  our  military  affairs  you  will  agree  with  me 
in  warm  approval  of  the  energy  and  efficiency  of  the  Adjutant  General,  whose 
work  has  in  all  cases  been  well  performed.  When  it  has  been  my  grateful 
duty  to  extend  a  welcoming  hand,  in  behalf  of  the  people  of  the  State,  to  our 
brave  returning  soldiers,  he  has  forwarded  my  purpose  with  unflagging  interest 
and  zeal.  You  will  not  forget  that  around  his  department  all  the  memories  of 
the  contest  now  cluster.  The  long  roll  of  honor  is  there.  There  are  gathered 
the  blood-stained  battle  flags,  and  there  will  always  be  found  those  associations 
which  should  inspire  us  with  love  of  country,  and  an  appreciation  of  the 
services  of  those  who  gave  their  lives  and  shed  their  blood  for  the  blessings 
which  God  bestowed  when  he  gave  us  the  victory." 

Many  soldiers  who  fought  through  the  war  had  a  most 
natural  desire  to  have  some  certificate  or  testimonial, 
from  the  state  or  nation,  of  their  honorable  service. 


N ATT  HEAD.  605 

General  Head  conceived  the  idea  of  having  engraved  on 
steel,  of  a  suitable  size  to  frame,  a  handsome  memorial 
.  certificate,  with  beautiful  and  appropriate  devices,  to  be 
presented  to  every  surviving  officer  and  soldier  from  the 
State  who  did  honorable  service  in  the  war  of  the  rebel 
lion,  and  to  the  widow  or  nearest  relative  of  those  who 
sacrificed  their  lives  in  the  great  struggle  for  the  life  of 
the  nation — to  be  elegantly  filled  up  with  the  name, 
rank,  regiment  arid  company  in  which  they  served,  and 
the  nature  and  length  of  service.  He  was  heartily 
seconded  by  Governor  Smyth,  the  work  of  engraving 
and  printing  was  soon  most  admirably  done,  and  notice 
given  to  all  interested  that  the  certificates  were  ready 
for  delivery  to  such  as  were  entitled  to  receive  them. 
Thus  an  act  of  justice  was  done  to  our  noble,  brave 
men ;  and  most  gratefully  do  the  -living  soldiers,  and  the 
the  surviving  relatives  of  the  lamented  dead,  appreciate 
and  treasure  them.  A  single  letter,  acknowledging  the 
receipt  of  one  of  these  certificates,  will  convey  an  idea 
of  the  sentiment  of  thousands  of  similar  ones  sent  to 
General  Head : 

"  Burrageville,  Mass.,  July  22,  1867. 
GENERAL  NATT  HEAD  : 

Dear  Sir  : — I  gratefully  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  the  Soldier's  Certificate 
sent  by  your  order.  You  cannot  imagine  how  sacredly  it  will  be  cherished  as 
a  token — from  the  State  of  New  Hampshire — of  respect  to  my  dear  soldier  boy, 
who  sleeps  with  the  thousands  in  the  Arlington  Cemetery,  Georgetown,  that 
'*  sleep  that  knows  no  waking."  May  the  Lord  reward  the  excellent  Governor 
Smyth  for  his  kindness  to  the  soldier.  I  thank  you,  sir,  and  through  you  the 
State,  which  has  furnished  the  beautiful  memorial.  The  soldier,  or  officer, 
whose  life  is  spared  to  receive  this  gift,  will  read  it  with  pleasure,  and  look  over 
the  pictures,  so  significant,  with  interest.  But  how  many  will  receive  it  and 
gaze  upon  it  with  eyes  dimmed  by  tears,  as  it  will  remind  them  of  dear  ones 
that  are  left  behind.  To  such  the  certificate  will  have  a  tender  interest,  and 
be  preserved  among  the  treasures,  more  precious  than  gold.  The  Sixth  Regi 
ment  of  New  Hampshire  Volunteers,  to  which  my  son  belonged,  lost  many  of 
its  "  boys,"  and  to  many  a  sorrowful  household  your  gift  will  be  received  and 
appreciated  with  thankfulness  and  tender  interest. 

Gratefully  and  tenderly  yours, 

ABBIE  G.  JAQUITH." 


606  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

What  makes  these  testimonials  doubly  valuable  is  the 
fact  that  none  can  obtain  them  until  they  show  their 
claim  by  an  honorable  and  undoubted  record  during  the 
war.  Other  New  England  States  soon  imitated  the 
example  set  by  New  Hampshire,  and  the  good  State  of 
Massachusetts  is  now  having  one  engraved,  and  all 
copied  more  or  less  from  General  Head's  design. 

All  the  New  England  States  were  fortunate  in  having 
able,  efficient,  capable  and  patriotic  Adjutant  Generals 
during  the  War,  all  of  whom  compiled  and  published 
reports  highly  credible  to  their  several  departments; 
but  it  is  not  going  too  far  to  say  that  none  exceeded,  if 
they  equaled,  the  Adjutant  General  of  New  Hampshire 
in  all  these  desirable  qualities,  or  who  did  their  States 
better  service,  and  greater  honor.  None,  certainly,  could 
be  more  devoted  to  the  men  on  the  way  to  the  field, 
while  there,  or  on  their  return  home  after  the  cruel  war 
was  over.  Many  a  soldier  will  remember  with  gratitude 
his  fatherly  care  of  them  on  their  return  to  the  State, 
and  his  assistance  with  good  counsel  and  needed  means 
in  saving  them  from  the  hands  of  sharpers,' always  in 
waiting  to  take  advantage  of  the  necessities  of  soldiers 
to  get  possession  of  their  valuable  papers,  for  a  merely 
nominal  sum.  He  assisted  all  who  needed  assistance, 
from  his  own  private  means,  and  strange  to  say,  and  to 
the  glory  of  the  New  Hampshire  soldiers  should  it  be 
recorded,  he  never  lost  a  dollar  by  this  generosity  and 
confidence. 

As  a  citizen,  General  Head  occupies  a  high  and  popu 
lar  position  by  reason  of  his  genial  and  courteous  manners 
and  his  large  public  spirit,  while  his  constant  and  un 
wearied  devotion  to  the  "  Boys  in  Blue  "  secured  for 
him  their  highest  respect  and  esteem  and  won  for  him 
the  enduring  title  of  "  The  Soldiers'  Friend." 


JOHN  G.  FOSTER.  607 


GENERAL  JOHN  G.  FOSTER. 

General  John  G.  Foster  was  born  at  Whitefield,  Coos 
County,  New  Hampshire,  on  the  27th  of  May,  1828. 
When  ten  years  old  he  removed  to  Nashua,  where  he 
attended  the  public  schools.  He  also  attended  the  Bap 
tist  High  School  at  Hancock,  New  Hampshire,  and  sub 
sequently  fitted  for  entering  into  West  Point  Military 
Academy,  at  Crosby's  High  School,  Nashua.  At  the 
request  of  Hon.  Charles  G.  Atherton,  then  a  represen 
tative  in  Congress  from  New  Hampshire,  and  Franklin 
Pierce,  then  United  States  Senator,  in  1842,  he  was  ap 
pointed  cadet  at  West  Point,  and  entered  in  June  of  that 
year.  He  graduated  at  that  institution,  ranking  number 
four  in  the  class,  in  1846,  with  Generals  McClellan, 
Reno,  Couch,  Seymour,  Sturgis,  Stoneman,  Oakes  and 
Gordon,  of  the  Union  army,  and  Jackson  and  Wilcox, 
of  the  rebel  army.  He  was  in  the  Mexican  war,  and 
in  1847  was  brevetted  first  lieutenant,  "for  gallant  and 
meritorious  conduct  in  the  battles  of  Contreras  and 
Cherubusco."  At  the  storming  of  El  Molino  del  Rey 
he  fell  severely  wounded.  For  his  gallantry  here  he 
was  brevetted  captain.  In  1854  he  was  appointed 
Assistant  Professor  of  Engineering  at  West  Point.  He 
was  second  in  command  at  Fort  Sumter  when  it  was  first 
fired  upon  by  the  rebels,  from  Charleston,  in  April, 
1861,  and  for  the  heroism  he  displayed  on  this  occasion 
he  was  promoted  to  Brigadier  General  of  Volunteers. 

General  Foster  accompanied  General  Burnside's  ex 
pedition  into  North  Carolina,  bore  a  conspicuous  part 
in  the  battle  at  Eoanoke  Island,  the  capture  of  New- 
bern,  and  received  the  unconditional  surrender  of  all 
the  batteries,  all  the  defenses,  and  all  the  troops — over 
two  thousand  —  upon  the  island,  in  February,  1862. 
In  July  he  was  left  in  command  of  the  department 


608  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 

of  North  Carolina,  with  a  force  barely  sufficient  to  hold 
the  positions 'left  him  by  General  Burnside,  who  had 
been  ordered  with  the  main  part  of  his  force,  to  Fortress 
Monroe.  Late  in  the  autumn  he  was  considerably  re- 
enforced  by  new  regiments  from  Massachusetts,  when 
he  resolved  to  assume  the  offensive.  He  led  an  expe 
dition  from  Washington  through  Williamston  to  Ham 
ilton,  on  the  Roanoke,  where  he  expected  to  find  and 
destroy  some  iron-clads  in  process  of  construction ;  but 
there  were  none.  The  result  of  the  expedition  was  the 
liberation  of  several  hundred  slaves.  In  April,  1863, 
the  rebel  General  Hill  made  an  attack  on  "Washington, 
E".  0.,  and  was  handsomely  defeated  by  General  Foster. 
In  October  he  succeeded  General  Burnside  in  East  Ten 
nessee.  All  through  the  war  General  Foster  occupied 
responsible  positions,  and  was  regarded  as  one  of  the 
most  accomplished,  brave  and  prudent  officers  in  the 
army. 


RETURN     CIRCULATION  DEPARTMENT 

TO— +•     202  Main  Library 


LOAN  PERIOD  1 
HOME  USE 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

ALL  BOOKS  MAY  BE  RECALLED  AFTER  7  DAYS 

1 -month  loans  may  be  renewed  by  calling  642-3405 


Desk. 


DUE  AS  STAMPED  BELOW 

SEP  2  8  1985 

/o/^r/rc- 

raxon   ocTie11 

85 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA,  BERKELEY 
FORM  NO.  DD6,  60m,  1/83          BERKELEY,  CA  94720 


ffi 


GENERAL  LIBRARY  •  U.C.  BERKELEY 


BQDDfi3S73fl 

NMHfil^BBHHEHr^eJBI 


M188320 


THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 


